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Methods: This dataset spans 1987-2020, measuring state appropriations, state grants and contracts, and fall enrollment for land grant universities, as reported to the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) by institutions. These variables are used to construct a measure of per-pupil state funding, calculated on an annual basis as: (total_state_approp + total_state_grantscontracts) / total enrollment. Per-pupil state funding is used to compute the cumulative gap in state funding between HBCU and non HBCU public land-grant universities. The cumulative funding gap is calculated in two steps. First, we take the annual nonHBCU-HBCU difference in total state funding per-pupil; we multiply this difference by the number of students at the HBCU, generating an annual measure of the total state-funding gap for the HBCU. Second, we sum the total annual state-funding gap for all years 1987-2020 with available data.

IPEDS fall enrollment (EF) files are used to measure number of students for the per-pupil state funding computation, taking the sum graduate and undergraduate fall enrollment counts. Total state funding is defined as the sum of state appropriations and state grants/contracts, adjusted for inflation to 2020 dollars using the BLS CPI index. The following IPEDS variables are used to measure state appropriations and grants/contracs: (1) Finance (F) files classified as “f1a”, “f1”, and “a” between 1987-2020: state appropriations (f1b11 and a043), state grants and contracts (f1b03+f1b14 and a073); (2) F files classified as “f2”, available starting in 1997 , state appropriations ( f2d03 and (f2a04 or fa04_1)), state grants and contracts (f2d06 and ( f2a07 or fa07_1).

NOTE: The data in this file illustrate the differences in state appropriations and contract funding to HBCU and non-HBCU land grant institutions in states where both are present. The funding gap statistics represent the difference between the actual funding the HBCU institution receives, and the amount the institution would have received if it’s per-pupil funding were at the same level as the non-HBCU institution in its state.

The data illustrate the differences in state funding over this time period and are intended to help states begin to assess what investments might be necessary to create equitable learning and research environments across their institutions. The Department of Education does not determine whether states have met their legal obligations under the 1890 Morrill Act—that authority lies with the Department of Agriculture—and therefore this data is intended to illustrate differences, not dictate requirements.
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