| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | AA | AB | AC | AD | |
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1 | Year | Publication | Author | Title | DOI | Time-constant | Architecture | Technology [nm] | Area [mm^2] | Frequency [Hz] | Power [W] | Supply Voltage [V] | Supply Current [A] | FoM [nW/kHz] | T Variation (pp) [ppm] | T Var. Range Min. [C] | T Var. Range Max. [C] | Residual TC [ppm/C] | # of Trim Points | # of Samples | Supply Variation (pp) [%] | Supply Var. Range Max. [V] | Supply Var. Range Min. [V] | Supply Coef. [%/V] | Period Jitter [ps] | Allan Deviation Floor [ppm] | Notes | |||
2 | 2004 | ISCAS | Vilas Boas, A. and Olmos, A. | A temperature compensated digitally trimmable on-chip IC oscillator with low voltage inhibit capability | 10.1109/ISCAS.2004.1328241 | RC | Relaxation | 500 | 0.190 | 1.16E+07 | 4.00E-04 | 3.3 | 1.21E-04 | 34.48 | 50000 | -40 | 125 | 303.03 | #N/A | 3 | 1.600 | 5.5 | 3 | 0.640 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
3 | 2006 | ISCAS | Paavola, M. and Laiho, M. and Saukoski, M. and Halonen, K. | A 3 μW 2 MHz CMOS Frequency Reference for Capacitive Sensor Applications | 10.1109/ISCAS.2006.1693602 | RC | Relaxation | 130 | 0.015 | 2.00E+06 | 3.00E-06 | #N/A | #N/A | 1.50 | 50000 | -35 | 85 | 416.67 | #N/A | 1 | 4.500 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 6.429 | 2000.00 | #N/A | ||||
4 | 2007 | JSSC | McCorquodale, Michael S. and O'Day, Justin D. and Pernia, Scott M. and Carichner, Gordon A. and Kubba, Sundus and Brown, Richard B. | A Monolithic and Self-Referenced RF LC Clock Generator Compliant With USB 2.0 | 10.1109/JSSC.2006.883337 | LC | Open-loop TC LCO | 350 | 0.220 | 1.20E+07 | 3.14E-02 | 3.3 | 9.52E-03 | 2616.67 | 798 | -10 | 85 | 8.40 | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 6.78 | #N/A | ||||
5 | 2008 | ISSCC | McCorquodale, Michael S. and Pernia, Scott M. and O'Day, Justin D. and Carichner, Gordy and Marsman, Eric and Nguyen, Nam and Kubba, Sundus and Nguyen, Si and Kuhn, Jon and Brown, Richard B. | A 0.5-to-480MHz Self-Referenced CMOS Clock Generator with 90ppm Total Frequency Error and Spread-Spectrum Capability | 10.1109/ISSCC.2008.4523201 | LC | Open-loop TC LCO | 250 | 2.250 | 2.40E+07 | 4.95E-02 | 2.5 | 1.98E-02 | 2062.50 | 120 | 0 | 70 | 1.71 | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 6.50 | #N/A | ||||
6 | 2008 | TCASI | McCorquodale, Michael S. and Carichner, Gordon A. and O'Day, Justin D. and Pernia, Scott M. and Kubba, Sundus and Marsman, Eric D. and Kuhn, Jonathan J. and Brown, Richard B. | A 25-MHz Self-Referenced Solid-State Frequency Source Suitable for XO-Replacement | 10.1109/TCSI.2009.2016133 | LC | Open-loop TC LCO | 250 | #N/A | 2.50E+07 | 5.94E-02 | 3.3 | 1.80E-02 | 2376.00 | 150 | -20 | 70 | 1.67 | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 2.75 | #N/A | ||||
7 | 2009 | ESSCIRC | Ueno, Ken and Asai, Tetsuya and Amemiya, Yoshihito | A 30-MHz, 90-ppm/°C fully-integrated clock reference generator with frequency-locked loop | 10.1109/ESSCIRC.2009.5325940 | RC | FLL | 350 | 0.080 | 3.00E+07 | 1.80E-04 | 1.8 | 1.00E-04 | 6.00 | 10800 | -20 | 100 | 90.00 | #N/A | 20 | 6.000 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 4.000 | #N/A | #N/A | Temperature coefficient only includes worst-case. temperature variation. Inaccuracy due to process has been cited as 2.7%. | |||
8 | 2009 | VLSI | Lee, Junghyup and Cho, SeongHwan | A 10MHz 80μW 67 ppm/°C CMOS reference clock oscillator with a temperature compensated feedback loop in 0.18μm CMOS | IEEEXplore | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.220 | 1.00E+07 | 8.00E-05 | 1.2 | 6.67E-11 | 8.00 | 8000 | -20 | 120 | 57.14 | #N/A | 1 | 0.100 | 3 | 1.2 | 0.056 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
9 | 2009 | ISSCC | Choe, Kunil and Bernal, Olivier D. and Nuttman, David and Je, Minkyu | A precision relaxation oscillator with a self-clocked offset-cancellation scheme for implantable biomedical SoCs | 10.1109/ISSCC.2009.4977478 | RC | Relaxation | 130 | 0.030 | 1.25E+07 | 7.00E-05 | 1.2 | 5.83E-05 | 5.60 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
10 | 2009 | JSSC | Sebastiano, Fabio and Breems, Lucien J. and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. and Drago, Salvatore and Leenaerts, Domine M. W. and Nauta, Bram | A Low-Voltage Mobility-Based Frequency Reference for Crystal-Less ULP Radios | 10.1109/JSSC.2009.2020247 | RC | Relaxation | 65 | 0.107 | 1.00E+05 | 4.12E-05 | 1.2 | 3.43E-05 | 411.60 | 21589 | -20 | 85 | 205.61 | 1 | 11 | 0.100 | 1.12 | 1.39 | 0.370 | 52000.00 | #N/A | MOS-C based reference | |||
11 | 2009 | ESSCIRC | De Smedt, Valentijn and Dehaene, Wim and Gielen, Georges | A 0.4-1.4V 24MHz fully integrated 33µW, 104ppm/V supply-independent oscillator for RFIDs | 10.1109/ESSCIRC.2009.5325966 | RC | Wien Bridge | 130 | 0.030 | 2.40E+07 | 3.30E-05 | #N/A | #N/A | 1.38 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 12 | 0.010 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0.010 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
12 | 2009 | JSSC | De Smedt, Valentijn and De Wit, Pieter and Vereecken, Wim and Steyaert, Michiel S. J. | A 66 μW 86 ppm/∘C Fully-Integrated 6 MHz Wienbridge Oscillator With a 172 dB Phase Noise FOM | 10.1109/JSSC.2009.2021914 | RC | Wien Bridge | 65 | 0.030 | 6.00E+06 | 6.60E-05 | #N/A | #N/A | 11.00 | 8610 | 0 | 100 | 86.10 | #N/A | 5 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
13 | 2010 | JSSC | Tokunaga, Yusuke and Sakiyama, Shiro and Matsumoto, Akinori and Dosho, Shiro | An On-Chip CMOS Relaxation Oscillator With Voltage Averaging Feedback | 10.1109/JSSC.2010.2048732 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.040 | 1.40E+07 | 4.50E-05 | 1.8 | 2.50E-05 | 3.21 | 3800 | -40 | 125 | 23.03 | #N/A | 1 | 0.320 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.600 | 30.00 | #N/A | ||||
14 | 2010 | TCASI | Denier, Urs | Analysis and Design of an Ultralow-Power CMOS Relaxation Oscillator | 10.1109/TCSI.2010.2041504 | RC | Relaxation | 350 | 0.100 | 3.30E+03 | 1.10E-08 | 1 | 1.10E-08 | 3.33 | 35000 | 0 | 70 | 500.00 | #N/A | 16 | 5.250 | 2.5 | 1 | 3.500 | #N/A | #N/A | MOS-C based reference | |||
15 | 2010 | JSSC | Kashmiri, S. Mahdi and Pertijs, Michiel A. P. and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. | A Thermal-Diffusivity-Based Frequency Reference in Standard CMOS With an Absolute Inaccuracy of ±0.1% From −55 ∘C to 125 ∘C | 10.1109/JSSC.2010.2076343 | TD | FLL | 700 | 6.750 | 1.60E+06 | 7.80E-03 | 5 | 1.56E-03 | 4875.00 | 2000 | -55 | 125 | 11.11 | 1 | 16 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 312.00 | #N/A | ||||
16 | 2011 | ASSCC | De Smedt, Valentijn and Gielen, Georges and Dehaene, Wim | A 0.6V to 1.6V, 46μW voltage and temperature independent 48 MHz pulsed LC oscillator for RFID tags | 10.1109/ASSCC.2011.6123616 | LC | Open-loop TC LCO | 130 | 2.625 | 4.73E+07 | 4.60E-05 | 1.1 | 4.18E-05 | 0.97 | 12880 | -40 | 100 | 92.00 | #N/A | #N/A | 0.046 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.046 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
17 | 2012 | IFCS | Sinoussi, N. and Hamed, A. and Essam, M. and El-Kholy, A. and Hassanein, A. and Saeed, M. and Helmy, A. and Ahmed, A. | A single LC tank self-compensated CMOS oscillator with frequency stability of ±100ppm from −40°C to 85°C | 10.1109/FCS.2012.6243676 | LC | Open-loop TC LCO | 180 | #N/A | 2.50E+07 | 2.31E-02 | 3.3 | 7.00E-03 | 924.00 | 200 | -40 | 85 | 1.60 | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 2.80 | #N/A | ||||
18 | 2012 | CICC | Shrivastava, Aatmesh and Calhoun, Benton H. | A 150nW, 5ppm/°C, 100kHz On-Chip clock source for ultra low power SoCs | 10.1109/CICC.2012.6330699 | RC | FLL | 130 | 0.250 | 1.00E+05 | 1.00E-06 | 1.1 | 9.09E-07 | 10.00 | 700 | 20 | 70 | 14.00 | 10 | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
19 | 2012 | VLSI | Tokairin, Takashi and Nose, Koichi and Takeda, Koichi and Noguchi, Koichiro and Maeda, Tadashi and Kawai, Kazuyoshi and Mizuno, Masayuki | A 280nW, 100kHz, 1-cycle start-up time, on-chip CMOS relaxation oscillator employing a feedforward period control scheme | 10.1109/VLSIC.2012.6243767 | RC | Relaxation | 90 | 0.120 | 1.00E+05 | 2.80E-07 | 0.8 | 3.50E-07 | 2.80 | 13601 | -40 | 90 | 104.62 | #N/A | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
20 | 2012 | VLSI | Hsiao, Keng-Jan | A 32.4 ppm/°C 3.2-1.6V self-chopped relaxation oscillator with adaptive supply generation | 10.1109/VLSIC.2012.6243766 | RC | Relaxation | 60 | 0.048 | 3.28E+04 | 4.48E-06 | 1.6 | 2.80E-06 | 136.72 | 2000 | -20 | 100 | 16.67 | #N/A | #N/A | 0.200 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 0.125 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
21 | 2012 | JSSC | Kashmiri, S. Mahdi and Souri, Kamran and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. | A Scaled Thermal-Diffusivity-Based 16 MHz Frequency Reference in 0.16 µm CMOS | 10.1109/JSSC.2012.2191043 | TD | FLL | 160 | 0.500 | 1.60E+07 | 2.10E-03 | 1.8 | 1.17E-03 | 131.25 | 2000 | -55 | 125 | 11.11 | 1 | 24 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 45.00 | #N/A | ||||
22 | 2013 | JSSC | Ates, Erdogan Ozgur and Ergul, Atilim and Aksin, Devrim Yilmaz | Fully Integrated Frequency Reference With 1.7 ppm Temperature Accuracy Within 0–80°C | 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2280052 | LC | Open-loop TC LCO | 350 | 5.040 | 5.20E+07 | 1.43E-02 | 2.5 | 5.70E-03 | 274.04 | 2 | 0 | 80 | 0.02 | 16 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 3.20 | #N/A | Power figure only includes the oscillator. Additional power is: prescaler @ 51mW and 50Ohm driver @ 114mW | |||
23 | 2013 | TCASII | Shih, Yi-Chun and Otis, Brian | An On-Chip Tunable Frequency Generator for Crystal-Less Low-Power WBAN Radio | 10.1109/TCSII.2013.2251938 | RC | FLL | 130 | 0.310 | 4.00E+08 | 3.25E-04 | 1.2 | 2.71E-04 | 0.81 | 1340 | 25 | 45 | 67.00 | #N/A | 1 | 0.046 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.230 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
24 | 2013 | ASSCC | Zhang, Xuan and Brooks, David and Wei, Gu-Yeon | A 20μW 10MHz relaxation oscillator with adaptive bias and fast self-calibration in 40nm CMOS for micro-aerial robotics application | 10.1109/ASSCC.2013.6691075 | RC | Relaxation | 40 | 0.017 | 1.00E+07 | 2.00E-05 | 3.7 | 5.41E-06 | 2.00 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 1.200 | 4.1 | 3 | 1.091 | 8.70 | #N/A | ||||
25 | 2013 | ESSCIRC | Tsubaki, Keishi and Hirose, Tetsuya and Kuroki, Nobutaka and Numa, Masahiro | A 32.55-kHz, 472-nW, 120ppm/°C, fully on-chip, variation tolerant CMOS relaxation oscillator for a real-time clock application | 10.1109/ESSCIRC.2013.6649136 | RC | Relaxation | 180 | 0.120 | 3.26E+04 | 4.72E-07 | 1 | 4.72E-07 | 14.50 | 16800 | -40 | 100 | 120.00 | #N/A | 20 | 0.880 | 1.8 | 1 | 1.100 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
26 | 2013 | ISSCC | Paidimarri, Arun and Griffith, Danielle and Wang, Alice and Chandrakasan, Anantha P. and Burra, Gangadhar | A 120nW 18.5kHz RC oscillator with comparator offset cancellation for ±0.25% temperature stability | 10.1109/ISSCC.2013.6487692 | RC | Relaxation | 65 | 0.032 | 1.85E+04 | 1.20E-07 | 1 | 1.20E-07 | 6.49 | 5000 | -40 | 90 | 38.46 | #N/A | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 1.000 | #N/A | 8 | ||||
27 | 2013 | ISSCC | Cao, Ying and Leroux, Paul and De Cock, Wouter and Steyaert, Michiel | A 63,000 Q-factor relaxation oscillator with switched-capacitor integrated error feedback | 10.1109/ISSCC.2013.6487693 | RC | Relaxation | 65 | 0.010 | 1.26E+07 | 9.84E-05 | 1.2 | 8.20E-05 | 7.81 | 16400 | 0 | 80 | 205.00 | #N/A | #N/A | 0.140 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 0.350 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
28 | 2013 | TCASII | Chiang, Yu-Hsuan and Liu, Shen-Iuan | A Submicrowatt 1.1-MHz CMOS Relaxation Oscillator With Temperature Compensation | 10.1109/TCSII.2013.2281920 | RC | Relaxation | 180 | 0.075 | 1.10E+06 | 8.59E-07 | 1.8 | 4.77E-07 | 0.78 | 6430 | -20 | 80 | 64.30 | #N/A | 4 | 3.600 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 3.000 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
29 | 2014 | ASSCC | Lam, Yat-Hei and Kim, Seong-Jin | A 16.6μW 32.8MHz monolithic CMOS relaxation oscillator | 10.1109/ASSCC.2014.7008885 | RC | Relaxation | 180 | 0.013 | 3.28E+07 | 1.67E-05 | 1.5 | 1.11E-05 | 0.51 | 16750 | -40 | 85 | 134.00 | #N/A | 1 | 0.546 | 3.6 | 1.5 | 0.260 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
30 | 2014 | ISSCC | Griffith, Danielle and Røine, Per Torstein and Murdock, James and Smith, Ryan | A 190nW 33kHz RC oscillator with ±0.21% temperature stability and 4ppm long-term stability | 10.1109/ISSCC.2014.6757443 | RC | Relaxation | 65 | 0.015 | 3.28E+04 | 1.90E-07 | #N/A | #N/A | 5.80 | 4200 | -20 | 90 | 38.18 | #N/A | 5 | 0.027 | 1.45 | 1.15 | 0.090 | #N/A | 4 | ||||
31 | 2015 | ISSCC | Lee, Junghyup and Park, Pyoungwon and Cho, SeongHwan and Je, Minkyu | A 4.7MHz 53μW fully differential CMOS reference clock oscillator with −22dB worst-case PSNR for miniaturized SoCs | 10.1109/ISSCC.2015.7062948 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.086 | 4.70E+06 | 5.30E-05 | 1.4 | 3.79E-05 | 11.28 | 6999 | -40 | 125 | 42.42 | #N/A | 5 | 0.400 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 0.211 | 89.00 | #N/A | ||||
32 | 2015 | VLSI | Choi, Myungjoon and Bang, Suyoung and Jang, Tae-Kwang and Blaauw, David and Sylvester, Dennis | A 99nW 70.4kHz resistive frequency locking on-chip oscillator with 27.4ppm/ºC temperature stability | 10.1109/VLSIC.2015.7231271 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.260 | 7.04E+04 | 9.94E-08 | #N/A | #N/A | 1.41 | 3288 | -40 | 80 | 27.40 | #N/A | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 0.500 | #N/A | 7 | 1 sample reported for temperature variation, 5 samples for voltage variation | |||
33 | 2015 | JSSC | Jeong, Seokhyeon and Lee, Inhee and Blaauw, David and Sylvester, Dennis | A 5.8 nW CMOS Wake-Up Timer for Ultra-Low-Power Wireless Applications | 10.1109/JSSC.2015.2413133 | RC | Relaxation | 180 | 0.240 | 11 | 5.80E-09 | 1.2 | 4.83E-09 | 527.27 | 4500 | -10 | 90 | 45.00 | #N/A | 5 | 1.000 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.000 | #N/A | 70 | ||||
34 | 2016 | ISSCC | Jang, Taekwang and Choi, Myungjoon and Jeong, Seokhyeon and Bang, Suyoung and Sylvester, Dennis and Blaauw, David | A 4.7nW 13.8ppm/°C self-biased wakeup timer using a switched-resistor scheme | 10.1109/ISSCC.2016.7417927 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.500 | 3.00E+03 | 4.70E-09 | #N/A | #N/A | 1.57 | 1449 | -20 | 85 | 13.80 | #N/A | 1 | 0.264 | 1.4 | 0.85 | 0.480 | #N/A | 60 | ||||
35 | 2016 | ESSCIRC | Asano, H. and Hirose, T. and Tsubaki, K. and Miyoshi, T. and Ozaki, T. and Kuroki, N. and Numa, M | A 1.66-nW/kHz, 32.7-kHz, 99.5ppm/°C fully integrated current-mode RC oscillator for real-time clock applications with PVT stability | 10.1109/ESSCIRC.2016.7598264 | RC | Relaxation | 180 | 0.190 | 3.27E+04 | 5.42E-08 | #N/A | #N/A | 1.66 | 11940 | -40 | 80 | 99.50 | #N/A | #N/A | 0.890 | 1.85 | 0.85 | 0.890 | 168500.00 | #N/A | ||||
36 | 2016 | ISSCC | Lee, Junghyup and George, Arup and Je, Minkyu | A 1.4V 10.5MHz swing-boosted differential relaxation oscillator with 162.1dBc/Hz FOM and 9.86psrms period jitter in 0.18µm CMOS | 10.1109/ISSCC.2016.7417929 | RC | Relaxation | 180 | 0.015 | 1.05E+07 | 2.20E-04 | 1.4 | 1.57E-04 | 20.95 | 21920 | -40 | 120 | 137.00 | #N/A | 15 | 3.520 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 4.400 | #N/A | #N/A | ||||
37 | 2017 | JSSC | Zhang, Guoqiang and Yayama, Kosuke and Katsushima, Akio and Miki, Takahiro | A 3.2 ppm/°C Second-Order Temperature Compensated CMOS On-Chip Oscillator Using Voltage Ratio Adjusting Technique | 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2772808 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.170 | 2.40E+07 | 3.59E-04 | 1.8 | 1.99E-04 | 14.94 | 1757 | -40 | 125 | 10.65 | 3 | 200 | 0.015 | 5 | 1.8 | 0.005 | #N/A | #N/A | Power conusmption number derived from the minimum supply voltage (1.8) and the current efficiency number presented in the related VLSI publication. Temperature coefficient derived from mu + 3*sigma, presented as the wafer level measurements. Measurement results for wafer level measurements not presented in the paper. | |||
38 | 2018 | JSSC | Gürleyük, Çağrı and Pedalà, Lorenzo and Pan, Sining and Sebastiano, Fabio and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. | A CMOS Dual-RC Frequency Reference With ±200-ppm Inaccuracy From −45 °C to 85 °C | 10.1109/JSSC.2018.2869083 | RC | FLL | 180 | 1.590 | 7.00E+06 | 7.75E-04 | 1.8 | 4.31E-04 | 110.71 | 325 | -45 | 85 | 2.50 | 2 | 8 | 0.054 | 2 | 1.7 | 0.180 | 22.00 | 0.33 | ||||
39 | 2018 | CICC | Lu, Shao-Yung and Liao, Yu-Te | A 46μW, 8.2MHz self-threshold-tracking differential relaxation oscillator with 7.66psrms period jitter and 1.56ppm allan deviation floor | 10.1109/CICC.2018.8357092 | RC | Relaxation | 180 | 0.028 | 8.20E+06 | 2.75E-05 | 0.75 | 3.67E-05 | 3.35 | 14760 | -20 | 100 | 123.00 | #N/A | 20 | 1.820 | 0.95 | 0.75 | 9.100 | 7.66 | 1.56 | ||||
40 | 2019 | SSCL | Meng, Xiaodong and Li, Xing and Cheng, Lin and Tsui, Chi-Ying and Ki, Wing-Hung | A Low-Power Relaxation Oscillator With Switched-Capacitor Frequency-Locked Loop for Wireless Sensor Node Applications | 10.1109/LSSC.2019.2952901 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.053 | 6.00E+05 | 2.20E-06 | #N/A | #N/A | 3.67 | 8277 | -45 | 125 | 48.69 | #N/A | 3 | 0.101 | 3.3 | 1.1 | 0.046 | 1560.00 | #N/A | ||||
41 | 2019 | JSSC | Liu, Ningxi and Agarwala, Rishika and Dissanayake, Anjana and Truesdell, Daniel S. and Kamineni, Sumanth and Calhoun, Benton H. | A 2.5 ppm/°C 1.05-MHz Relaxation Oscillator With Dynamic Frequency-Error Compensation and Fast Start-Up Time | 10.1109/JSSC.2019.2911208 | RC | Relaxation | 65 | 0.051 | 1.05E+06 | 6.90E-05 | #N/A | #N/A | 65.71 | 301 | -15 | 55 | 4.30 | #N/A | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 160.00 | #N/A | ||||
42 | 2020 | ISCAS | Chang, Sheng-Kai and Tsai, Zhi-Ting and Cheng, Kuang-Wei | A 250 kHz Resistive Frequency-Locked On-Chip Oscillator with 24.7 ppm/°C Temperature Stability and 2.73 ppm Long-Term Stability | 10.1109/ISCAS45731.2020.9181058 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.304 | 2.50E+05 | 2.93E-07 | #N/A | #N/A | 1.17 | 3211 | -40 | 90 | 24.70 | #N/A | 5 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 0.640 | #N/A | 2.73 | ||||
43 | 2021 | JSSC | Delke, Alexander S. and Annema, Anne-Johan and Alink, Mark S. Oude and Jin, Yanyu and Verlinden, Jos and Nauta, Bram | A Single-Trim Frequency Reference Achieving ±120 ppm Accuracy From −50 °C to 170 °C | 10.1109/JSSC.2021.3090682 | LC | LC + RO | 130 | 0.260 | 1.38E+09 | 4.25E-03 | 2.5 | 1.70E-03 | 3.08 | 220 | -50 | 170 | 1.00 | 1 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 0.022 | 0.50 | #N/A | ||||
44 | 2021 | CICC | Park, Kyu-Sang and Khashaba, Amr and Abdelrahman, Ahmed and Li, Yongxin and Wang, Tianyu and Xia, Ruhao and Pal, Nilanjan and Hanumolu, Pavan Kumar | A second-order temperature compensated 1μW/MHz 100MHz RC oscillator with ±140ppm inaccuracy from -40°C to 95°C | 10.1109/CICC51472.2021.9431420 | RC | FLL | 65 | 0.190 | 1.00E+08 | 1.01E-04 | 1.2 | 8.42E-05 | 1.01 | 280 | -40 | 95 | 2.07 | 3 | 20 | 0.000 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 0.000 | 13.30 | 1.6 | Power supply sensitivity enhanced w. an LDO. | |||
45 | 2021 | ISSCC | Jiang, Hui and Pan, Sining and Gürleyük, Çağrı and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. | A 0.14mm2 16MHz CMOS RC Frequency Reference with a 1-Point Trimmed Inaccuracy of ±400ppm from -45°C to 85°C | 10.1109/ISSCC42613.2021.9365795 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.140 | 1.60E+07 | 1.58E-04 | 1.8 | 8.80E-05 | 9.90 | 800 | -45 | 85 | 6.15 | 1 | 18 | 0.080 | 2 | 1.6 | 0.200 | 10.20 | 0.35 | ||||
46 | 2022 | CICC | Li, Yongxin and Pal, Nilanjan and Wang, Tianyu and Ahmed, Mostafa Gamal and Abdelrahman, Ahmed and Younis, Mohamed Badr and Xia, Ruhao and Park, Kyu-Sang and Kumar Hanumolu, Pavan | A 20µs turn-on time, 24kHz resolution, 1.5-100MHz digitally programmable temperature-compensated clock generator with 7.5ppm/°C inaccuracy | 10.1109/CICC53496.2022.9772819 | RC | FLL | 65 | 0.072 | 1.33E+08 | 5.60E-04 | 1.2 | #N/A | 1.40 | 600 | 0 | 80 | 7.50 | 2 | 6 | #N/A | #N/A | #N/A | 0.001 | 3.50 | 4.2 | Power efficiency number reported for 400MHz output. Period jitter number reported for 133MHz. | |||
47 | 2022 | JSSC | Gürleyük, Çağrı and Pan, Sining and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. | A 16 MHz CMOS RC Frequency Reference With ±90 ppm Inaccuracy From −45 °C to 85 °C | 10.1109/JSSC.2022.3142662 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.300 | 1.60E+07 | 2.20E-04 | 1.8 | 1.22E-04 | 13.75 | 180 | -45 | 85 | 1.38 | 2 | 20 | 0.048 | 2 | 1.6 | 0.120 | 39.90 | 0.32 | ||||
48 | 2022 | JSSC | Khashaba, Amr and Zhu, Junheng and Pal, Nilanjan and Ahmed, Mostafa Gamal and Hanumolu, Pavan Kumar | A 32-MHz, 34-μW Temperature-Compensated RC Oscillator Using Pulse Density Modulated Resistors | 10.1109/JSSC.2021.3121014 | RC | FLL | 65 | 0.180 | 3.20E+07 | 3.40E-05 | 1.2 | 2.83E-05 | 1.06 | 1050 | -40 | 85 | 8.40 | 2 | 6 | 0.000 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 0.000 | 22.30 | 2.5 | Power supply sensitivity enhanced w. an LDO, 900ppm/V reported without the LDO. | |||
49 | 2022 | JSSC | Choi, Woojun and Angevare, Jan and Park, Injun and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. and Chae, Youngcheol | A 0.9-V 28-MHz Highly Digital CMOS Dual-RC Frequency Reference With ±200 ppm Inaccuracy From −40 °C to 85 °C | 10.1109/JSSC.2021.3135939 | RC | FLL | 65 | 0.060 | 2.80E+07 | 1.42E-04 | 0.9 | 1.58E-04 | 5.07 | 320 | -40 | 85 | 2.56 | 2 | 16 | 0.001 | 0.85 | 1.05 | 0.290 | 7.00 | 2 | ||||
50 | 2023 | JSSC | Delke, Alexander S. and Hoen, Thomas J. and Annema, Anne-Johan and Jin, Yanyu and Verlinden, Jos and Nauta, Bram | A Single-Trim Frequency Reference System With 0.7 ppm/°C From −63 °C to 165 °C Consuming 210 μW at 70 MHz | 10.1109/JSSC.2023.3261600 | LC | LC + RO | 130 | 0.690 | 7.00E+07 | 2.10E-04 | 3.3 | 6.36E-05 | 3.00 | 163 | -63 | 170 | 0.70 | 1 | 18 | 0.006 | 3.6 | 3 | 0.009 | 14.50 | 25 | ||||
51 | 2023 | JSSC | Pan, Sining and An, Xiaomeng and Yu, Zheru and Jiang, Hui and Makinwa, Kofi A. A. | A Compact 10-MHz RC Frequency Reference With a Versatile Temperature Compensation Scheme | 10.1109/JSSC.2023.3322307 | RC | FLL | 180 | 0.010 | 1.00E+07 | 8.50E-05 | 1.8 | 4.72E-05 | 8.50 | 5600 | -45 | 125 | 32.94 | 1 | 112 | 0.105 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 0.350 | 41.40 | 2.3 | ||||
52 | 2023 | JSSC | Park, Kyu-Sang and Pal, Nilanjan and Li, Yongxin and Xia, Ruhao and Wang, Tianyu and Abdelrahman, Ahmed and Hanumolu, Pavan Kumar | A Temperature- and Aging-Compensated RC Oscillator With ±1030-ppm Inaccuracy From40 °C to 85 °C After Accelerated Aging for 500 h at 125 °C | 10.1109/JSSC.2023.3320709 | RC | FLL | 65 | 0.220 | 1.00E+08 | 1.42E-04 | 1.2 | 1.18E-04 | 1.42 | 1540 | -40 | 85 | 12.32 | 2 | 14 | 0.028 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.140 | 5.10 | 8.1 | ||||
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