Pioneer Monuments - Google Drive


1	Artist	shortSculptureTitle	Sculpture Title	Material	Location	GPS Coordinates	Lat	Lon	City	Date	Display Date	Era	Design	Bible or Rifle?	Site	State	Mormon?	Centennial?	Blurb?	Description	Longer Analysis	theme	Image 1	Image 2	Photo Credit	See Also	Clio	Visited?

2	Unknown	Pioneer Monument	Pioneer Monument / Centennial Monument	granite	Diamond Park	41.638465, -80.150038	41.638465	-80.150038	Meadville, PA	1888	1888	Early Monuments	Man			Pennsylvania			done	Man dressed in coonskin cap and buckskin represents men and women who crossed the Allegheny Mountains to settle in northwest Pennsylvania. Statue stands on a rectangular granite base with a relief of a log cabin on the front. Erected in honor of the centennial of Meadville and Crawford County.							created entry 6/21/19	no
3	Karl Gerhardt	Pioneer Statuary Group	Pioneer Statuary Group	bronze	Iowa Capitol grounds	41.590865, -93.605441	41.590865,	-93.605441	Des Moines, IA	1892	1892	Early Monuments	Group		Capitol	Iowa			done	Karl Gerhardt’s Pioneer Statuary Group features a white pioneer man, his adolescent son, and an Indian man gazing out over the Iowa lands the white men intend to settle. This early pioneer monument's design called for "a group consisting of father and son guided by a friendly Indian in search of a home." Although all three men wear fringed buckskin, differences in their attire, tools and positioning indicate that the indigenous man has yielded his native lands to the white settlers. The bearded pioneer father and his son wear the long European-style coats and hairstyles that Anglo-Americans associated with Western civilization, while the fringed buckskin declares their ability to conquer untamed lands. In contrast, the Indian’s bare torso, shaved face and long braids indicate his savagery.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Des-Moines-Pioneer-1.jpg		David Culver			David Culver
4	Frank Happersberger	Lick Pioneer Monument	The Pioneer Monument / James Lick Monument	bronze and granite	San Francisco Public Library Main Library	37.779707, -122.415938	37.779707	-122.415938	San Francisco, CA	1894	1894	Early Monuments	Other		City Hall	California			updated 3/21	Bronze sculptural groupings and plaques surround a central pillar. Depicts a historical trajectory from early European exploration, through the Spanish missions, ranching during the Mexican era (1821-48), 1849 gold rush, and white American settlement. The 47-foot-tall, 800-ton monument survived the 1906 earthquake. Relocated 1993 to accommodate construction of a new San Francisco Main Library. Native activists challenged its portrayal of a Spanish missionary, and Mexican vaquero towering over an Indigenous man in the "Early Days" grouping at the base of the monument. In 1996 the city erected an interpretive plaque emphasizing Native American history. In September 2018 the city removed "Early Days," leaving an empty plinth behind.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/256px-James_Lick_Memorial_San_Francisco.jpg		https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sanfranman59.	https://pioneermonuments.net/highlighted-monuments/san-francisco/lick-pioneer/	improved entry; created entry for original site 6/18; updated 4/19	yes
5	Cyrus Edwin Dallin	Brigham Young Monument	Brigham Young Monument / Pioneer Monument	bronze	Temple Square	40.769554, -111.891114	40.769554	-111.891114	Salt Lake City, UT	1897	1897	Early Monuments	Other		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon		done	Utah-born artist Cyrus Dallin persuaded the Brigham Young Memorial Association to broaden the scope of their proposed monument to the 1847 Mormon "First Company" of Utah settlers to honor Mormon prophet, Church president, and Utah Territory governor Brigham Young. A bronze statue of Brigham Young stands on top of a stone pillar. Seated on either side of the central pillar are two additional bronze figures: a Native American scout dressed in a loincloth and moccasins, and a grizzled white trapper wearing fringed buckskin and a coonskin hat. Applied to the central pillar is a bronze relief plaque depicting a covered wagon family. On the reverse of the pillar a bronze plaque provides an honor role of the male-dominated “PIONEERS who arrived in this valley July 24, 1847.” It lists the names of all 143 men, three women, and two children in the company; a horizontal line separated the 145 names of White Mormon settlers from three others that the plaque termed “colored servants”--a designation that would later spark protest amid the Black Power movement of the 1970s. The Brigham Young statue was displayed at the Chicago World's Fair in 1893. The still-incomplete monument was dedicated in 1897 to mark the 50th anniversary of Mormons' arrival into Utah. The finally completed monument was unveiled a second time during Pioneer Day celebrations in 1900.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/B-Young-pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
6	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	zinc	near capitol	44.938745, -123.030406	44.938745	-123.030406	Salem, OR	1903	1903-1917	Early Monuments	Man			Oregon			done	Modeled after early white settler's hat, rifle and pouch provided by his Salem descendants, who commissioned the sculpture. Statue was toppled by a windstorm in 1917 and never replaced. A 1910 casting of the statue stands in Ashland, Oregon.							created entry 6/14/19	destroyed
7	Hermon MacNeil	Coming of the White Man	Coming of the White Man	bronze	Washington Park	45.522239, -122.701711	45.522239	-122.701711	Portland, OR	1904	1904	Early Monuments	Other		Fair?	Oregon			done	originally displayed as part of the Lewis and Clark Exposition, a 1905 fair marking the centennial of the Lewis and Clark expedition's journey from Missouri to the Pacific. Herman MacNeil’s statue features two native men facing eastward toward wagon trains arriving along the Oregon Trail. Like other leading artists of his generation, MacNeil thought of indigenous North Americans as noble savages. But he was one of the first American sculptors to reject depictions of Native Americans as childlike. MacNeil nonetheless viewed indigenous peoples as innocents who would necessarily yield way to white civilization. In this statue, Multnomah, chief of the local Multnomah Indian tribe, stands with his arms crossed, staring haughtily as the Lewis and Clark expedition’s canoes approach down the Columbia River. Beside him, a young Indian scout points excitedly toward those arriving from the East.After the fair, the statue was moved to Washington Park. It now stands near the Sacajawea statue (which was also displayed at the 1905 fair) and the 1908 Lewis and Clark Memorial Column.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Coming-of-the-White-Man-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 6/20/19	yes
8	Alice Cooper	Sacajawea	Sacajawea	bronze	Washington Park	45.521255, -122.702758	45.521255	-122.702758	Portland, OR	1905	1905	Early Monuments	Woman		Fair	Oregon			done	Pacific Northwest suffragists erected this monument to the famous Native American female guide of the Lewis and Clark Expedition and to the “pioneer mothers of old Oregon.” Erecting a sculpture of an American Indian to honor "pioneer mothers" became unthinkable soon after this statue was erected. By the 1920s, monuments to pioneer mothers became much more common, and increasingly utilized common iconography celebrating so-called civilized white womanhood.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Sacajawea-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 6/19	yes
9	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer Mike	Pioneer Mike / Carter Memorial Fountain / Iron Mike	zinc	Ashland Plaza	42.197230, -122.715338	42.19723	-122.715338	Ashland, OR	1910	1910-2014	Early Monuments	Man			Oregon			done	Beloved copy of Newman's 1903 Pioneer for Salem, Oregon. It was repeatedly damaged by vandals before finally being removed in 2014. It was replaced with a bronze recasting two years later.							created entry 6/14/19	destroyed
10	Frederick MacMonnies	Pioneer Monument	Pioneer Monument	bronze	Civic Center Park	39.740247, -104.987686	39.740247	-104.987686	Denver, CO	1911	1911	Early Monuments	Other			Colorado			done	Denver businessmen sponsored this public fountain. MacMonnies' original design featured a Plains Indian warrior atop the central spire. It was intended to depict a progression from Indian savagery to Euro-American civilization. However, the people of Denver read the monument in the traditional manner from bottom to top. They expected the embodiment of white civilization to appear at the pinnacle, as it did in San Francisco's Lick Pioneer Monument. MacMonnies compromised by substituting white explorer and Indian fighter Kit Carson on horseback at the top. In summer 2020, in the wake of the Black Lives Matter and decolonization movements, protesters challenged monuments in the Denver Civic Center for promoting colonialism. On July 3, 2020, the city of Denver removed the Kit Carson statue from the top of the Pioneer Monument as a precaution to prevent protesters from toppling that statue or damaging the monument.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Denver-Pioneers-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
11	Allen G. Newman	Minuteman	Minuteman	zinc	University of Northern Colorado campus	40.408332, -104.692795	40.408332	-104.692795	Greeley, CO	1911	1911-1938	Early Monuments	Man			Colorado			done	Copy of Newman's 1903 Pioneer for Salem, Oregon. The statue was removed and lost when an adjacent building was remodeled in 1938.								destroyed
12	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	zinc	Lake Avenue and Lakeshore Drive	42.636630, -95.201001	42.63663	-95.201001	Storm Lake, IA	1912	1912-1972	Early Monuments	Man			Iowa			done	Copy of Newman's 1903 Pioneer for Salem, Oregon, donated by the Tuesday Club in 1912. The statue suffered repeated vandalism, and was finally removed in 1972. It was replaced in 1974 with a bronze replica, paid for by funds raised for the town's centennial.								destroyed
13	Mahonri M. Young	Seagull Monument	Seagull Monument	bronze	Temple Square	40.769767, -111.892822	40.769767	-111.892822	Salt Lake City, UT	1913	1913	Early Monuments	Other		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon		done	Commemorates seagulls that ate Mormon crickets destroying early Mormon settlers' crops in 1848. Although not recorded in contemporaneous writings, many Latter-day Saints later came to see this event as a miracle. The sculpture of two California gulls tops a pillar featuring pioneer scenes on its base. Sculpted by Mahonri Young, a grandson of LDS prophet Brigham Young.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Seagull-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
14	Charles Grafly	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	Golden Gate Park	37.770898, -122.474299	37.770898	-122.474299	San Francisco, CA	1915	1915	Early Monuments	Woman		Fair	California			done	Competing visions of pioneer womanhood collided in the creation of this statue. The tribute to early Euro-American California settlers was created for San Francisco’s 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition. It was forgotten after the fair, but later restored and moved to its permanent location in Golden Gate Park in 1940.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Grafly-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry for statue & PPIE location 6/18	yes
15	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	plaster	Panama-Pacific International Exposition	37.803281, -122.444568	37.803281	-122.444568	San Francisco, CA	1915	1915?	Early Monuments	Other		Fair	California			done	Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Restored and installed at National Cowboy Hall of Fame and Western Heritage Center in Oklahoma City, where it was dedicated in 1971.						https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/learn-discover/online-unit-studies/end-of-the-trail-introduction/	created entry for PPIE site 6/18	no
16	Solon Borglum	American Pioneer	The American Pioneer / Pioneer	plaster	Panama-Pacific International Exposition	37.804052, -122.438962	37.804052	-122.438962	San Francisco, CA	1915	1915	Early Monuments	Man		Fair	California			done	Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Removed and destroyed 1980s.						See historic photograph at https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/learn-discover/online-unit-studies/end-of-the-trail-introduction/.	created entry for PPIE site 6/18	destroyed
17	Frederick Hibbard	Pioneer	Pioneer / Corn Planter	bronze	University of Kansas campus	38.956354, -95.243095	38.956354	-95.243095	Lawrence, KS	1904	1904; erected 1916	Early Monuments	Man	Shovel	Campus	Kansas			done	Depicts a white man working with a shovel. Physician and real estate speculator Simeon Bell purchased this sculpture, originally called "The Corn Planter," at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. He donated it to the University of Kansas in hopes that it would help future generations understand the challenges that early Kansas settlers faced. It remained in storage until 1916, when it became the first work of statuary installed on that campus. It has been moved several times as the campus has changed.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Corn-Planter-2mp-e1566835016152.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
18	Leo Lentelli	Sullivan Gates	Sullivan Gates	concrete	City Park	39.740828, -104.957166	39.740828	-104.957166	Denver, CO	1917	1917	Early Monuments	Group		Park	Colorado			done	Sculptural groups of early Colorado settlers representing Colorado's first two industries stand atop tall Doric columns at the entrance to the Esplanade. On one side, a man and boy representing Mining stand on one tall pedestal. On the other stand a woman in a sunbonnet and a girl with a basket of grain representing Agriculture. The gateway was installed as part of the City Beautiful movement. It was designed by Robert Willison of Denver. John Clark Mitchell donated funds to erect it in memory of banker Dennis Sullivan.							included in East High School entry	yes
19	A. Phimister Proctor	The Pioneer	The Pioneer	bronze	University of Oregon campus	44.045779, -123.075774	44.045779	-123.075774	Eugene, OR	1918	1918-2020	Early Monuments	Man		Campus	Oregon			updated June 2020	One of the few monuments to a generic pioneer man, this statue of an Anglo-American frontiersman dressed in buckskin was erected on the University of Oregon campus. A companion pioneer woman was erected a decade later next to the women's building. The "Pioneer Father" became a well-known campus landmark, and a point of both celebration and protest. On the centennial of this statue's erection in 2019, the University of Oregon Native American Student Union called for its removal. Activists pointed to a speech delivered by the president of the Oregon Historical Society at the statue's dedication claiming that the statue "extolled the virtues of the Anglo-Saxon race" as evidence that the statue celebrated white claiming of indigenous lands. In summer 2020, protesters decried statues of leaders they deemed racist from Confederate generals to explorer Christopher Columbus. In Eugene, protesters tore down the Pioneer Father and Pioneer Mother statues, dragging the Pioneer Father to the steps of the main administration building. Both statues were placed in storage as the university considers their future.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/uo-pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	A. Phimister Proctor, Pioneer Mother	created entry 6/20/19	yes
20	John MacQuarrie	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family / Donner Monument	bronze	Donner State Park	39.323820, -120.231057	39.323820	-120.231057	Truckee, CA	1918	1918	Early Monuments	Family		Museum	California			done	Dr. Chester Warren Chapman, a member of the Native Sons of the Golden West, asked San Francisco sculptor Douglas Tilden to design the Donner Party monument for California’s Truckee Pass. Yet the Native Sons could not accept Tilden’s conception of a “lone pioneer figure” on top of a pedestal, surrounded by “a dozen or so figures sitting, lying, creeping in different attitudes from cowering anxiety to resignation of death.” Instead, they insisted on a generic pioneer figure whose victory over adversity was never in question. The monument committee instead selected John McQuarrie’s depiction of a sturdy pioneer family. Only the 22.5-foot base (marking the depth of the snow pack during the Donner Party’s entrapment) and bronze plaques at its base commemorate the 1846 emigrants’ suffering.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Donner-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Donner-detail-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		improved entry	yes
21	Paul Fjelde	Mormon Trail Memorial	Mormon Trail Memorial	bronze	Bayliss Park	41.25975, -95.85175	41.25975	-95.85175	Council Bluffs, IA	1918	1918	Early Monuments	Family		Park	Iowa	Mormon		done	The Daughters of the American Revolution erected several bas relief plaques mounted on boulders to mark western migration routes in the early 20th century. This one marks the end of the Mormon Trail through Iowa. Paul Fjelde depicted a man and his son driving an ox team that draws a covered wagon. A pioneer woman rides in the wagon, holding an infant. This imagery was typical of DAR and other overland trail monuments in the 1910s and 1920s. The armed man on horseback echoes contemporaneous monuments to solo pioneer men conquering the wilderness, such as the 1919 Pioneer on the University of Oregon campus. The Iowa DAR also erected a bronze historical marker mounted on a boulder to mark the cite of the Handcart Brigade Camp in Coralville in 1936.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Council-Bluffs-DAR-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	A. Phimister Proctor, The Pioneer		yes
22	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	plaster replaced with bronze copy	Mooney Grove Park	36.278608, -119.312810	36.278608	-119.312810	Visalia, CA	1919	1919	Early Monuments	Other		Park	California			done	Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Restored and installed at National Cowboy Hall of Fame and Western Heritage Center in Oklahoma City, where it was dedicated in 1971. A bronze copy now stands in Visalia, CA.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/The_End_of_the_Trail_by_James_Earl_Fraser_-_BMA.jpg		Sean Pathasema/Birmingham Museum of Art [CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0) or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons	https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/learn-discover/online-unit-studies/end-of-the-trail-introduction/	created entry for Visalia 6/18	no
23	Solon Borglum	American Pioneer	The American Pioneer / Pioneer	plaster	Mooney Grove Park	36.280601, -119.309367	36.280601	-119.309367	Visalia, CA	1919	1919-1980	Early Monuments	Man		Park	California			done	Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Removed and destroyed 1980s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Borglum-Pioneer-Am-Archives-of-Art-smaller.jpg		Solon H. Borglum and Borglum family papers, 1864-2002. Archives of American Art. Image in U.S. Public Domain. https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/solon-h-borglum-and-borglum-family-papers-6772	Image available.	improved entry for Visalia site 6/18	destroyed
24	Merrell Gage	Daughters of Old Westport	Daughters of Old Westport Memorial	bronze	near Pioneer Park	39.054363, -94.591068	39.054363	-94.591068	Westport, MO	1920	1920	Early Monuments	Woman	Rifle		Missouri			done	To mark the 1912 centennial of the Santa Fe Trail, a group of Westport businessmen formed the Westport Improvement Association. The Improvement Association sought to install a monument to that trail in Westport, Missouri. The men worked with the Kansas City Historical Society, the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Daughters of the Confederacy, other genealogical organizations, and the National Old Trails Road Association to raise money for a Pioneer Monument Fund. Together these voluntary organizations hosted a Santa Fe Trail and Battle of Westport Reunion and Carnival. They envisioned a life-sized stone sculpture including five yoke of oxen and a “prairie schooner with wagon-master and bull-whackers and the faithful dog in the rear.”1 They planned to install it at the site of the City Hall of Westport, which stood on the Santa Fe Trail route. Plans for a stone sculpture depicting commercial traffic over the Santa Fe Trail soon faded. But while the other organizations involved in the centennial event soon turned toward other projects, the Daughters of Old Westport were determined to erect a pioneer monument in their community. The Daughters of Old Westport was a group of neighborhood women descended from the earliest settlers of the town. They ran a doll booth to raise money for a carnival at the Westport reunion. Their $181 in profit became the start of an eight-year fundraising campaign. Instead of a life-sized stone sculpture, the Daughters of Old Westport settled on a more modest design. It was similar to those erected by the Daughters of the American Revolution in this era. The Westport women installed two bronze bas relief plaques on a large boulder, which they placed in the heart of Westport’s historic business district. Instead of celebrating the men who hauled goods between Missouri and New Mexico, the Daughters of Old Westport commemorated the first women who settled in their town. Sculptor Merrell Gage’s central bas relief depicts a white mother with her two young children. She holds a rifle to defend her children against wild animals and the Native Americans these white settlers displaced. Text in the upper right corner dedicates it “To the Pioneer Mother.” On the back of the boulder, an accompanying dedication plaque features a male trapper and American Indian reminiscent of those that appeared in earlier pioneer monuments elsewhere in the American West. The Daughters of Old Westport Memorial was one of the first monuments to pioneer women erected in the United States. Dozens more would follow later in the 1920s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Gage-Westport-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Gage-Westport-PM-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	Avard T. Fairbanks, The Pioneer Mothers	created entry 7/23/19	yes
25	Myra Reynolds Richards	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	limestone	Fountain Square, Indianapolis	39.752165, -86.139814	39.752165	-86.139814	Indianapolis, IN	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Family	Bible		Indiana			done	A pioneer mother clutching a Bible to her heart leads her family in this sculpture that topped the eponymous fountain in Indianapolis' Fountain Square. The daughter carries a distaff and flax, a reference to 19th-century mythology that inaccurately remembered frontier women as having been active in making homespun cloth. Indianapolis socialite Phoebe Hill commissioned local female artist Myra Reynolds Richards to sculpt this pioneer family to top a fountain memorial to her husband, prominent lawyer and politician Ralph Hill. In the early 20th century, wealthy donors gave elaborate public fountains with large basins for watering horses like this one to cities across the country. Such fountains could simultaneously beautify the city and improve conditions for work animals. They soon became obsolete as automobiles replaced horses in the 1920s and 1930s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Indy-fountain-square-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
26	A. Phimister Proctor	The Circuit Rider	The Circuit Rider	bronze	Capitol Park	44.938226, -123.028855	44.938226	-123.028855	Salem, OR	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Man		Capitol	Oregon			done	This monument celebrates Christian ministers who served multiple congregations, traveling among them on horseback.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Circuit-Rider-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 6/19/19	yes
27	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Broadway Bridge	45.993095, -123.924249	45.993095	-123.924249	Seaside, OR	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Man and Woman			Oregon			done	Avard Tennyson Fairbanks sculpted the Old Oregon Trail medallion in 1924 while teaching art at the University of Oregon. It depicts the hardships that the artist's ancestors and nearly 500,000 others experienced while traveling westward on the overland trail by covered wagon in the mid-19th century. One 1852 migrant, Ezra Meeker, traveled back eastward along the trail in 1906 to seek the preservation of the Oregon Trail route. His efforts inspired Avard Fairbanks to sculpt this 36-inch bronze medallion. The medallion depicts a man driving the team of oxen that pull the covered wagon over rocky terrain. His wife rides inside the wagon, holding their infant child. Fairbanks' depiction of the trail experience was shaped as much by popular culture at the time of its sculpting as by historical reality. In fact, women and children typically walked along beside the wagons to spare their teams, particularly on rough terrain. Fairbanks' depiction of trail life appears to have been influenced by W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 illustration Madonna of the Prairie. Koerner’s illustration was used as the cover image for Emerson Hough’s popular novel The Covered Wagon. Koerner’s instantly popular illustration portrayed the beautiful young heroine seated on a wagon box with the opening of the wagon cover forming a halo around her face. Koerner’s illustrations inspired the costuming for a silent film adaptation of Hough’s novel, which became the first western “epic” film. In the year before The Covered Wagon movie was released, only fifty identifiable western films had been made; in the year following its release, 150 westerns were made – and the industry maintained that level of production until it was eclipsed by television in the 1950s. Adaptations of Koerner’s covered wagon imagery pervaded the massive advertising for the movie. This gave Madonna of the Prairie a significant role in shaping public perceptions of settler women. It also appears to have shaped Avard Fairbanks’ conception of pioneer women in this medallion and in other pioneer monuments that he sculpted over the next 50 years. Fairbanks’ Old Oregon Trail design was originally cast in bronze for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon. He reproduced the scene, renamed The Pioneer Mothers, for installation on the reverse of his 1928 Pioneer Mother statue for Vancouver, Washington. In more recent years, Old Oregon Trail has been recast for Oregon Trail jumping-off point Independence, Missouri, and two locations in Boise, Idaho.		blue				W.H.D. Koerner, Madonna of the Prairie	created entry 6/19/19	no
28	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Park next to Old Post Office	44.774350, -117.829350	44.77435	-117.82935	Baker City, OR	1925	1925	Early Monuments	Man and Woman			Oregon			done	Avard Tennyson Fairbanks sculpted the Old Oregon Trail medallion in 1924 while teaching art at the University of Oregon. It depicts the hardships that the artist's ancestors and nearly 500,000 others experienced while traveling westward on the overland trail by covered wagon in the mid-19th century. One 1852 migrant, Ezra Meeker, traveled back eastward along the trail in 1906 to seek the preservation of the Oregon Trail route. His efforts inspired Avard Fairbanks to sculpt this 36-inch bronze medallion. The medallion depicts a man driving the team of oxen that pull the covered wagon over rocky terrain. His wife rides inside the wagon, holding their infant child. Fairbanks' depiction of the trail experience was shaped as much by popular culture at the time of its sculpting as by historical reality. In fact, women and children typically walked along beside the wagons to spare their teams, particularly on rough terrain. Fairbanks' depiction of trail life appears to have been influenced by W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 illustration Madonna of the Prairie. Koerner’s illustration was used as the cover image for Emerson Hough’s popular novel The Covered Wagon. Koerner’s instantly popular illustration portrayed the beautiful young heroine seated on a wagon box with the opening of the wagon cover forming a halo around her face. Koerner’s illustrations inspired the costuming for a silent film adaptation of Hough’s novel, which became the first western “epic” film. In the year before The Covered Wagon movie was released, only fifty identifiable western films had been made; in the year following its release, 150 westerns were made – and the industry maintained that level of production until it was eclipsed by television in the 1950s. Adaptations of Koerner’s covered wagon imagery pervaded the massive advertising for the movie. This gave Madonna of the Prairie a significant role in shaping public perceptions of settler women. It also appears to have shaped Avard Fairbanks’ conception of pioneer women in this medallion and in other pioneer monuments that he sculpted over the next 50 years. Fairbanks’ Old Oregon Trail design was originally cast in bronze for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon. He reproduced the scene, renamed The Pioneer Mothers, for installation on the reverse of his 1928 Pioneer Mother statue for Vancouver, Washington. In more recent years, Old Oregon Trail has been recast for Oregon Trail jumping-off point Independence, Missouri, and two locations in Boise, Idaho.		blue				W.H.D. Koerner, Madonna of the Prairie	created entry 6/19/19	no
29	Robert Garrison	Covered Wagon Frieze	Covered Wagon Frieze	terra cotta with patina	Denver Botanic Gardens	39.732055, -104.963418	39.732055	-104.963418	Denver, CO	1925	1925	Early Monuments	Man and Woman		Bank	Colorado			done	Originally sculpted for Midlands Savings Bank in Denver in the 1920s. Garrison’s frieze emphasizes male settlers’ work settling and civilizing the frontier. It follows a Mississippi farmer as he journeys West with his family. They survive an Indian attack on their way to the Colorado gold fields where they “establish industry and commerce.” In contrast to standard depictions of pioneer women walking westward, Garrison included a few scenes of women cooking and homemaking. More surprisingly, he depicted women shooting at marauding American Indians.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/garrison-frieze-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Garrison-frieze-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
30	Avard T. Fairbanks	US Bank Doors	US Bank Doors	bronze	United States National Bank Building	45.521489,-122.678454	45.521489	-122.678454	Portland, OR	1926	1926	Early Monuments	Family		Bank	Oregon			done	The United States National Bank building opened for business in 1917, and roughly doubled in size in 1925. The company eventually merged with U.S. Bancorp, but continues to operate as the bank's main Portland branch. Fairbanks' design for the bronze lobby doors was inspired by the famous Renaissance-era "Gates of Paradise" doors to the Baptistry of Florence. Doors facing Broadway emphasize 19th century transportation and technology. Scenes include the Lewis & Clark Expedition, a covered wagon on the Oregon Trail, Captain Robert Gray exploring the Columbia River in his ship "Columbia," a steam ship, drawbridge, and automobile. Native Americans appear in several of these scenes as uncivilized observers of manifest destiny. The Sixth Avenue doors emphasize progress through science and enterprise. These scenes resonate with Fairbanks' monumental Pioneer Mother sculpture for neighboring Vancouver, Washington, and other pioneer monuments erected in Salem, Oregon, and throughout the American West.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/US-Bank-Doors-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 6/13/19	yes
31	Torleif S. Knaphus	Handcart Pioneer	Handcart Pioneer Monument	bronze	LDS Temple Square	40.769583, -111.892246	40.769583	-111.892246	Salt Lake City, UT	1926	1926	Early Monuments	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon		done	Handcarts became a poignant symbol of Mormon migration during the 20th century. When the LDS Church could not afford to supply new converts with wagons and oxen to cross the Great Plains, they utilized handcarts that emigrants pushed or pulled themselves. Most companies reached Utah safely, but others struggled, and more than 200 people died. Torleif S. Knaphus' 3-foot-tall model of a handcart family was unveiled by LDS President Heber J. Grant in the 1920s. Handcart pioneers Alfred Burningham of Bountiful and Michael Jensen of Gunnison were present at its dedication, and they “declared the monument to be a most accurate portrayal of the conditions under which they and the other handcart pioneers labored across the plains." This 3-foot-tall model of a handcart family was displayed at the Temple Square Bureau of Information.The sculpture was later enlarged to heroic size for outdoor display in Temple Square.	Handcarts became a poignant symbol of Mormon migration during the 20th century. When the LDS Church could not afford to supply new converts with wagons and oxen to cross the Great Plains, they utilized handcarts that emigrants pushed or pulled themselves. Most companies reached Utah safely, but others struggled, and more than 200 people died. Torleif S. Knaphus' 3-foot-tall model of a handcart family was displayed at the Temple Square Bureau of Information. The sculpture was later enlarged to heroic size to mark the 1947 centennial of Mormon settlement in Utah.					Photo of 1947 enlargement		no
32	A. Phimister Proctor	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	Penn Valley Park	39.077155, -94.589474	39.077155	-94.589474	Kansas City, MO	1927	1927	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Missouri			done	This massive bronze grouping depicts a tender mother on horseback accompanied by her brave husband and a grizzled mountain-man guide, a clear allusion to George Caleb Bingham’s 1852 oil painting, Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers Through the Cumberland Gap. The Bible passage from the Book of Ruth that Proctor placed on Pioneer Mother monument’s base – “Whither thou goest I will go” – further underlined the gentle mother’s heroic endurance. By the 1980s, it had been forgotten by Kansas City residents, but in recent years the KC parks and recreation department has improved the landscaping. Kansas City rebuffed two attempts by neighboring Westport, MO, to claim the monument.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KC-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KC-PM-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers through Cumberland Gap	created entry 7/22/19	yes
33	A. Phimister Proctor	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	University of Oregon campus	44.044159, -123.075784	44.044159	-123.075784	Eugene, OR	1928	1928-2020	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Book	Campus	Oregon			updated June 2020	This companion to the solo pioneer man located nearby on the University of Oregon campus was erected at the height of the Pioneer Mother Movement. Whereas most pioneer mothers sculpted in the late 1920s are depicted actively guiding their children westward, however, A. Phimister Proctor depicted an elderly woman resting from her labors, gazing contemplatively at the partially-open book in her lap. The "Pioneer Father" statue became a well-known campus landmark, but the "Pioneer Mother" remained fairly obscure throughout the 20th century. The 2019 centennial of the Pioneer Father's dedication came amid nationwide protests against statues deemed racist. Protests aimed at that well-known sculpture eventually encompassed the Pioneer Mother as well. In May 2020, protesters tore down both statues. The University of Oregon moved the statues into storage pending a decision about their future.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/uo-pm-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	A. Phimister Proctor, The Pioneer	created entry 6/24/19	yes
34	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	Esther Short Park	45.627077, -122.674923	45.627077	-122.674923	Vancouver, WA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Park	Washington			done	Like many other pioneer mother monuments erected in the late 1920s, this statue features a woman surrounded by her young children and armed with a rifle. However, this pioneer mother wears a scarf rather than a sunbonnet, and stands meekly, rather than stepping boldly westward. Fairbanks adapted his earlier "Old Oregon Trail" medallion for the reverse of the monument. In the postwar period, Esther Short Park became overgrown and dominated by drug users and the homeless. In the early 21st century, it was reinvented as part of a massive urban renewal project, and this monument was moved from its original grotto-like location to overlook a busy downtown street.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Pioneer-Mother-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	Plaque on reverse	created entry 6/20/19	yes
35	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneer Mothers	The Pioneer Mothers	bronze	Esther Short Park	45.627077, -122.674923	45.627077	-122.674923	Vancouver, WA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Washington			done	Fairbanks adapted his earlier "Old Oregon Trail" medallion to mount on the reverse of his "Pioneer Mother" statue for Vancouver, Washington.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/pioneer-mothers-plaque-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	Accompanies monument	created entry 6/20/19	yes
36	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Old Post Office	38.983932, -77.094186	38.983932	-77.094186	Bethesda, MD	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Maryland			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Bethesda-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry	yes
37	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Madonna of the Trail Park	40.060282, -80.012953	40.060282	-80.012953	Beallsville, PA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Pennsylvania			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Beallsville-PA-Madonna-1.jpg		David Culver		created entry 7/30/19	David Culver
38	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Wheeling Park, facing National Road	40.055737, -80.669207	40.055737	-80.669207	Wheeling, WV	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		West Virginia			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Wheeling-Madonna-1.jpg		David Culver		improved entry	David Culver
39	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	National Road Commons Park	39.924771, -83.811197	39.924771	-83.811197	Springfield, OH	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Ohio			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/OH-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry	yes
40	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Glen Miller Park	39.830476, -84.872207	39.830476	-84.872207	Richmond, IN	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Indiana			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Richmond-IN-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
41	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Old State House grounds	38.960808, -89.094444	38.960808	-89.094444	Vandalia, IL	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Historic site	Illinois			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Vandalia-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
42	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Downtown above Missouri River	39.186581, -93.886154	39.186581	-93.886154	Lexington, MO	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Missouri			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lexington-MO-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/29/19	yes
43	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Corner of Main St. (US 56) & N. Union St. (KS-177)	38.662048, -96.486885	38.662048	-96.486885	Council Grove, KS	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Historic site	Kansas			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KS-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/29/19	yes
44	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Colorado Welcome Center	38.089300, -102.619100	38.089300	-102.619100	Lamar, CO	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Colorado			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo. See image of the Ohio Madonna of the Trail: https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/OH-Madonna-1.jpg		yellow	https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Madonna-of-the-Trail-CO.jpg				created entry 7/30/19	no
45	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	corner of Marble Ave. and Fourth St.	35.092913, -106.649823	35.092913	-106.649823	Albuquerque, NM	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		New Mexico			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ABQ-Madonna-ACP.jpg		Anna Prescott		improved entry	Anna Prescott
46	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	318 E Main St., next to McDonald's	34.133259, -109.285118	34.133259	-109.285118	Springerville, AZ	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Arizona			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo. See image of the Ohio Madonna of the Trail: https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/OH-Madonna-1.jpg		yellow	https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/MadonnaOfArizona72.jpg				created entry	no
47	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Euclid Ave. at Foothill Blvd (Route 66)	34.107224, -117.651186	34.107224	-117.651186	Upland, CA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		California			done	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/CA-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
48	Nancy Coonsman Hahn	Memorial to Pioneer Women	Memorial to Pioneer Women / The Colonial Mother	bronze	Forest Park	38.645844, -90.285693	38.645844	-90.285693	St. Louis, MO	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Museum	Missouri			done	This monument's design was selected by the Daughters of the American Colonies. The statue was removed by vandals in 1969, but was later recovered. It is now held by the Missouri History Museum.	The Missouri chapter of the Daughters of the American Colonists (DAC) commissioned a statue of a “Colonial Mother” to top a drinking fountain in 1922. The St. Louis Globe-Democrat declared that it would be “dedicated to all colonial women of Missouri prior to statehood” a century earlier, and the statue’s plaque declared that it commemorated women living in colonial Upper Louisiana under French and Spanish rule, which could be interpreted as including French, Spanish, indigenous and Métis women, and Catholic as well as Protestant women. But the Saint Louis Globe-Dispatch interpreted the DAC’s call for a “colonial mother” through the lens of the Pioneer Mother Movement, identifying the statue as depicting a pioneer mother, and the DAC and St. Louis Art Commission selected a design by local artist Nancy Coonsman Hahn known as Memorial to Pioneer Women. The completed piece included a thirty-two inch bronze Anglo-American pioneer woman and children, mounted on top of a six-foot-tall granite fountain. The completed fountain was dedicated in October 1929 in St. Louis’ vast Forest Park, and a model of Hahn’s “Colonial Woman” was selected by the National Sculptors’ Society for inclusion in a Washington exhibit celebrating the 200th anniversary of George Washington’s birth. Like other pioneer mother monuments erected in the 1920s, Hahn’s Memorial to Pioneer Women depicted a young white woman accompanied by young children. Hahn depicted the pioneer woman as a young white woman clad in a simple ankle-length dress and cape, but without the broad sunbonnet that marked so many other pioneer mothers. Hahn intended the woman to be “fearless and independent, and fully capable of enduring all hardships,” but less “Juno-like” than the better-known Daughters of the American Revolution monuments discussed below. Compared to other statues of “pioneer women” produced in the 1920s, Hahn’s rendering of the pioneer mother’s relationship with her children is more tender and intimate, and reflects a greater understanding of maternal relationships. This was in keeping with her ambition to portray “the innocence of childhood, the joy of living.” Unlike Leimbach’s Madonna of the Trail, Hahn’s son does not cling to his mother’s skirts. Her hand rests on his shoulder, and his hand reaches up toward hers. Both mother and son step forward confidently with their left feet. The child in its mother’s arms, meanwhile, appears somewhat older than the typical babe-in-arms. The mother carries the toddler on her forearm, nestled against her chest, rather than straddling her hip as in, or lying prone like a small baby. The child sits upright, and has distinct facial features suggesting a specific child, rather than a generic infant. He or she faces forward in a manner that directly engages the viewer, but does not gaze into the distance like the mother and older child. The mother’s and older child’s posture and facial expressions suggest that they are bravely moving westward. But the younger child’s head inclines slightly to nestle against its mother’s chin, and its forward arm reaches back to rest on her shoulder. Hahn’s creation is thus more gentle and intimate – both in its depiction of the relationships within the figures in the statue, and in its engagement with the viewer – than those created by men such as F. Lynn Jenkins in that period. Moreover, the young child’s posture and gaze invites the viewer to engage emotionally with the price paid by women and children in settling the frontier. No mere prop to indicate maternity as was typical of other pioneer mother monuments of the 1920s, the younger child becomes the emotional heart of Hahn’s grouping.						created entry 7/30/19	yes
49	Lorado Taft	The Pioneers	The Pioneers	bronze	Central Park	40.778371, -89.965769	40.778371	-89.965769	Elmwood, IL	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Illinois			done	Sculpted by prominent Chicago artist Lorado Taft for his birthplace, where his parents had settled in 1855. Pioneer types had interested Taft since the 1890s, but his idealized pioneer woman for Elmwood, IL, is less idealized and more human than his earlier works. The man holding a flintlock rifle stands with his arm around his wife, who holds an infant wrapped loosely in a blanket. A collie-like dog stands at attention behind them. Taft donated his design; local fundraising paid for its casting and installation. Restored in 1993.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elmwood-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
50	Bryant Baker	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	bronze	Pioneer Woman Museum	36.710056, -97.066011	36.710056	-97.066011	Ponca City, OK	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Bible		Oklahoma			needs better	In 1926, oilman E. W. Marland commissioned twelve 3-foot models for a competition to select a pioneer woman monument. The models were shown in major cities across the country, where visitors cast their votes. Bryant Baker's winning entry, "Confident," was erected in Ponca City.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Ponca-City-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
51	Maurice Sterne	The Settlers of New England	The Settlers of New England / The Monument to Our Pioneers / Rogers - Kennedy Memorial	stone and bronze	Elm Park	42.269820, -71.817368	42.26982	-71.817368	Worcester, MA	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Massachusetts			done	Funded by a bequeath by Roger Kennedy, this 30-foot-tall stone and bronze monument commemorates early settlers of New England. A bronze man and woman atop the stone structure stand to either side of a plow, each holding onto a handle, symbolizing cooperation between men and women during the early settlement period. Around the stone monument features 24 6-foot-tall carved-stone panels portraying early settlers plowing, harvesting, building houses and boats, fishing, spinning, churning, and teaching children. Design was chosen from competition with 10 competitors. Sculptor Maurice Sterne immigrated to the US from Latvia at age 10. Located in Elm Park, created in 1854 and significantly renovated in 2013.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Worcester-MA-1.jpg		Timothy Culver			Tim Culver
52	Bruce Saville	Fallen Timbers	Battle of Fallen Timbers Monument		Fallen Timbers Battlefield Memorial Park	41.544408, -83.697246	41.544408	-83.697246	Monclova, OH	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group		Park	Ohio			done	Statue depicting General Anthony Wayne, a Native American warrior, and an Anglo-American frontiersman. Commemorates the 1794 Battle of Fallen Timbers, in which General Wayne's troops defeated warriors of the American Indian Confederation (which included members of the Miami, Shawnee, Delaware, and Ottawa nations). The US Army victory opened up the Northwest Territory to white settlement. Reliefs on the monument's base celebrate white settlement and commemorate Native warriors and white settlers killed by Natives.						Image available here		no
53	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	bronze	Shaler Park	43.637761, -88.730835	43.637761	-88.730835	Waupun, WI	1929	1915; erected 1929	Early Monuments	Other		Park	Wisconsin			done	Originally displayed in plaster at PPIE in 1915. Cast in bronze in 1929 as tribute to Native Americans who disappeared from Waupun, WI, area.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/waupun-end-of-trail-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Waupun-end-of-trail-plaque-resized.jpg	David Culver	Read about the original statue.		Ginny Culver
54	James Earle Fraser	The Pioneers	The Pioneers	limestone	Michigan Ave. Bridge (DuSable Bridge)	41.889174, -87.624215	41.889174	-87.624215	Chicago, IL	1930	1930	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman			Illinois			done	James Earle Fraser (best known for his End of the Trail depicting Indian subjugation) sculpted this pioneer-themed relief as one of four large sculptural adornments to the DuSable (Michigan Avenue) Bridge in downtown Chicago. Fraser focused on his subjects’ struggle and the ultimate triumph of white civilization. Fraser's Pioneer Mother struggles far more against the elements more than do most contemporaneous Pioneer Mothers.. Flying above the pioneer group, Fraser added a winged allegory of white Civilization borrowed from Francois Rude’s 1833-36 La Marselliaise on the famous Arc de Triomph in Paris.	Fraser depicted a mounted mother and infant accompanied by her rifle- and ax-wielding husband, several other buckskin clad figures, and livestock in a 1928 relief decorating Chicago’s heavily-traveled Michigan Avenue drawbridge. In many ways it resembled A. Phimister Proctor’s 1927 Pioneer Mother for St. Louis, Missouri. Instead of joining Proctor in replicating Bingham’s small party alone in the wilderness, though, Fraser focused on his subjects’ struggle and the ultimate triumph of white civilization. The Pioneer Mother in Fraser’s The Pioneers struggles far more against the elements than does Proctor’s placid Madonna. Flying above the pioneer group, Fraser added a winged allegory of white Civilization borrowed from Francois Rude’s 1833-36 La Marselliaise on the famous Arc de Triomph in Paris. Fraser’s depiction of pioneers journeying westward beneath a female allegory also echoed John Gast’s widely disseminated 1872 American Progress. In Gast’s still frequently reproduced image, Progress appears as a blonde-haired white woman, dressed in a flowing white toga, with the “Star of Empire” in her hair. She holds a book representing common school education as she floats above westward expansion. She stretches telegraph wires and enlightens the path for hunters, a covered wagon train, farmers, a stagecoach and the railroad, while a herd of bison and half-naked American Indians flee westward in darkness. Similarly, Fraser’s winged allegory floats above the pioneer party, guiding them westward while sheltering the infant in its mother’s lap. A plaque beneath Fraser’s The Pioneers relief commemorated fur trader John Kinzie, “one of a band of courageous pioneers, who . . . struggled through the wilderness breaking soil for the seeds of future civilization.”		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/DuSalle-Bridge-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
55	Unknown	Pioneer Pete	Pioneer Pete	painted wood	Arizona Pioneers Home	34.537695, -112.473806	34.537695	-112.473806	Prescott, AZ	1930	ca. 1930	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man		Retirement home	Arizona			done	Carved with a chainsaw from Ponderosa pine, this statue stands in front of state-funded retirement home in Prescott, Arizona. The statue was repainted by volunteers in 2013. Prescott was once the Arizona territorial capital, and continues to promote its frontier history. It is located in the nation's largest Ponderosa pine forest.
56	Cyrus Edwin Dallin	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother / End of the Trail	bronze	City Park	40.165170, -111.611113	40.165170	-111.611113	Springville, UT	1931	1931	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	neither	Park	Utah	Mormon		done	The Springville chapter of the Daughters of Utah Pioneers asked Springville-born, nationally-known sculptor Cyrus Dallin to sculpt a Pioneer Mother monument for their town. Dallin, who struggled financially, kept putting them off. They finally suggested that Dallin adapt a bust he had sculpted of his mother, who had crossed the Plains to Utah in 1851, and settled in Springville a decade later. Dallin replaced his mother's Edwardian costume with an 1850s prairie-style gown, added a sunbonnet, and adapted a covered wagon bas-relief for the base. It was dedicated on Pioneer Day, July 25, 1932.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Dallin-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
57	Unknown	Pioneers Who Founded Topeka	The Pioneers Who Founded Topeka	bronze or copper	Gage Park	39.054850, -95.732491	39.05485	-95.732491	Topeka, KS	1931	1931	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man		Park	Kansas			done	1931 relief of a frontier farm, with a log cabin, covered wagon, and a pioneer plowing by unknown artist. Copper or bronze plaque set on iron footings cast by Deggingers Foundry attached to boulder. Dedicated in 1931 by Shawnee County Old Settlers Society. Originally mounted on the archway entrance of the "Old Settlers Memorial Grounds" in Gage Park.			https://pioneermonuments.net/pioneers-who-founded-topeka-resized/		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
58		Pioneer Monument	Pioneer Monument	stone and concrete	roadside park	39.15895627639631, -108.2998193123309	39.15895628	-108.2998193	Cameo, CO	1931	1931	Pioneer Mother Movement	Other		Park	Colorado			done	Obelisk covered with stones set in concrete. Plaques originally placed on each of 4 sides; 3 of the 4 plaques are missing as of 2021. Plaque reads: "Dedicated to the pioneers of the mountains and the valleys of western Colorado by Grand Junction Lodge No. 757 RROE / June 14, 1931." Unveiled by Jessie Scrimgeour Anderson. Obelisk originally stood at entrance to Plataeu Canyon. DEPLATO traveler's stop--featuring a gas station, fruit stand, diner, and gift shop--was added at site on Colorado Highway 65 in 1954. Monument was moved onto Colorado Department of Transportation in early 1960s to accommodate construction of Interstate 70. As of 2021, Plateau Valley Historical Preservation Society was fundraising to restore monument and seeking historic landmark designation.								no
59	Ulric Ellerhusen	1st Permanent Settlement	George Rogers Clark Memorial / The First Permanent Settlement of the West / Settlers of the West	granite	Fort Harrod State Park	37.761334, -84.847338	37.761334	-84.847338	Harrodsburg, KY	1932	1932	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group		Historic Site / Museum	Kentucky			done	The United States Congress appropriated $100,000 at the height of the Great Depression for this memorial honoring surveyor and soldier George Rogers Clark and the early white settlers of Kentucky. Clark is known as the "Conqueror of the Old Northwest" for capturing territory in what became Kentucky. President Franklin D. Roosevelt spoke at the 1934 dedication of Ulric Ellerhusen and Francis Keally’s federal monument to Clark, and their nearby cenotaph to unknown Kentucky pioneers.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Harrodsburg-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
60	Julius Loester	Benediction	Pioneers Monument / Benediction	bronze	Kingsborough Cemetery	43.067629, -74.336132	43.067629	-74.336132	Gloversville, NY	1932	1932	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman			New York			done	Bronze female figure "Benediction" wearing classical drapery stands in front of a granite slab inscribed with names of early settlers on the reverse. Erected by the Daughters of the American Revolution.								no
61	Unknown	(Pioneer Woman)	(Pioneer Woman)	marble	Mount Hope Cemetery	38.934033, -99.550533	38.934033	-99.550533	Ellis, KS	1933	1933	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Books	Cemetery	Kansas			done	This white marble statue of a lone pioneer woman carrying two books was erected on a granite base in the Mount Hope Cemetery in Ellis, Kansas, at the height of the Great Depression in 1933. Her pose and the shawl covering her head and shoulders more closely resembles pioneer mothers by Mormon sculptor Avard Fairbanks than the sturdy women in sunbonnets that were typical of the Pioneer Mother Movement of the 1920s and 1930s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ellis-Cemetery-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
62	William Zorach	Pioneer Family Group	Pioneer Family Group (later cast as The Family)	model	Texas Centennial Commission	30.275600, -97.740549	30.275600	-97.740549	Austin, TX	1935	1935 model	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family			Texas			done.	Originally designed by William Zorach as a monument to a Texas pioneers to mark the centennial of the Texas Republic. Texas residents were outraged that the State Board of Control intended to place a nude family grouping on the campus of the state women's college. The state broke its contract with Zorach and replaced it with a more demure pioneer woman sculpted by Leo Friedlander. Zorach's design was later renamed "The Family" and cast in heroic size amid the avant-garde art movement of the 1960s for Columbia Savings bank. Castings were placed in a niche specially designed for it in the Mining Exchange Building in downtown Colorado Springs and another at the bank's Pueblo, Colorado, office. They were removed in the 1990s, and the Pueblo casting was restored and installed at the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center.					Cynthia Prescott	Leo Friedlander, Pioneer Woman	included in entry for Colo Spgs Fine Arts Ctr location	yes
63	Ellis Luis Burman	The Pioneer Woman	The Pioneer Woman	bronze	Antelope Park	40.795618, -96.675374	40.795618	-96.675374	Lincoln, NE	1935	commissioned 1925; erected 1935	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	neither	Park	Nebraska			done	In 1935, the Lincoln (Nebraska) Woman’s Club erected Ellis Luis Burman’s rendition of The Pioneer Woman clasping a pocketbook and handkerchief in a public park that had been commissioned a decade earlier at the height of the Pioneer Mother movement. Like Leo Friedlander’s conservative statue for Denton, Texas, (which replaced William Zorach's bronze nude family grouping), Burman's statue stripped his frontier woman of the accompanying children that were so typical of 1920s pioneer mother monuments. Rather than emphasizing maternalism, these pioneer women appeared virginal. Abandoning the darker hue of bronze, these monuments utilized white materials to further emphasize their subjects’ purity and their whiteness.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lincoln-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lincoln-PM-mustache-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	Leo Friedlander, Pioneer Woman		yes
64	Leo Friedlander	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	marble	Texas Woman's University	33.223417, -97.129540	33.223417	-97.129540	Denton, TX	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	neither	Campus	Texas			done	A panel of experts selected William Zorach's "Pioneer Family Grouping" to erect on the campus of Texas Woman's College in Denton as part of the 1936 centennial celebration commemorating Texas' brief independence. However, public outrage met Zorach's nude family grouping. In response, the Texas Centennial Commission cancelled its contract with Zorach, and instead hired Leo Friedlander to create this demure solo pioneer woman. Unaccompanied by children and sculpted from white marble, she appears almost virginal in comparison to the "pioneer mothers" of the late 1920s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Denton-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	William Zorach, The Family		yes
65	Avard T. Fairbanks	Tragedy at Winter Quarters	Tragedy at Winter Quarters	bronze	Pioneer Mormon Cemetery	41.334935, -95.966330	41.334935	-95.966330	Florence, NE	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman	neither	Historic Site / Museum	Nebraska	Mormon		done	Originally sculpted in wax along with "Youth and New Frontiers" (later "New Frontiers") for the Chicago World's Fair in 1934, this monument was soon cast in bronze and installed in the cemetery at the site of the temporary LDS settlement where several hundred settlers died during the winter of 1846-47.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Winter-Quarters-1.jpg		David Prescott			yes
66	Ulric Ellerhusen	Pioneer	Pioneer	gold gilded bronze	Oregon Capitol dome	44.938745, -123.030406	44.938745	-123.030406	Salem, OR	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man	neither	Capitol	Oregon			done	On April 25, 1935, the Oregon statehouse was destroyed by fire. Instead of building a statehouse topped by a gilded dome, like many other states had, the jury chose a relatively simple, model building adorned with sculptural decorations. Above the roof line stands a 24-foot-tall gold-plated sculpture of a pioneer man holding an axe. Responding to critics who thought his model appeared too modern, sculptor Ulric Ellerhusen made his pioneer man more masculine. The sculpture's proportions are intentionally adjusted to make the "golden man" appear natural--and masculine--when viewed from ground level.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Ellerhusen-Pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
67	John K. Daniels	Pioneers' Monument	Pioneers' Monument	granite	BF Nelson Park	44.991782, -93.263842	44.991782	-93.263842	Minneapolis, MN	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group	neither		Minnesota			done	Erected as part of a 1930s efforts to replace skid row with an elaborate City Center, this statue was placed in the newly formed Pioneers Park, near the new art deco Post Office. Relocated to Northeast Minneapolis in 1961 amid new urban renewal efforts. It remained on a small traffic island until 2008, when it was moved 100 yards to a newly formed BF Nelson Park. In 2020, amid a growing Black Lives Matter protest movement following the police killing of George Floyd nearby, someone splashed the monument with red paint and spray-painted anti-colonial slogans onto it.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mpls-Pioneers-reverse-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mpls-Pioneers-resized-e1551282708266.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
68	Unknown	Mormon Handcart Brigade	Mormon Handcart Brigade Camp Marker	bronze	S. T. Morrison Park	41.678589, -91.585389	41.678589	-91.585389	Coralville, IA	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group			Iowa	Mormon		done	The Iowa Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) placed this historical marker to mark the Mormon Handcart Brigade camp in Coralville in 1936. It includes text honoring European immigrants to constructed handcarts at the site before continuing their journey westward pushing and pulling those handcarts in 1856. and bas relief of a handcart company installed on a boulder, in Iowa City in 1936. This historical marker echoed a 1918 bas relief plaque mounted on a boulder in Council Bluffs as a tribute to those who migrated across the Plains from Council Bluffs by covered wagons pulled by oxen.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Coralville-DAR-boulder-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Coralville-DAR-detail-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
69	Frank A. Teich	Pioneer Memorial	Pioneer Memorial obelisk	granite	Hermann Park	29.718704, -95.390946	29.718704	-95.390946	Houston, TX	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Other	obelisk		Texas			needs better	Erected on the centennial of Texas independence.								no
70	A. D. Frets	Pioneer Monument	Pioneer Monument	granite	traffic circle	48.39231849911823, -122.48662954881824	48.3923185	-122.4866295	La Conner, WA	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Other	obelisk	Traffic Circle	Washington			done	12-foot-tall granite shaft with pioneer scenes and the word "PIONEERS" in relief on all four sides near the base. Stands on a traffic circle just outside the town limits of La Conner, Washington (originally Swinomish). Dedicated on Pioneer Picnic Day (an annual event held on the first Thursday in August). Dedicated August 6, 1936, before an estimated 500 people. Skagit County Pioneer Association began fundraising for the monument in 1925, but efforts stalled with the onset of the Great Depression. Monument designer A.D. Frets of Mount Vernon (originally from Waterloo, Indiana), gave a speech encouraging donations, offering to produce the monument for $2,750 and donating $150 to the cause.								no
71	Robert Neely	Pioneer Family	The Pioneer Family	cement	Grinnell Community Center	41.744022, -92.722820	41.744022	-92.72282	Grinnell, IA	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family	neither		Iowa	DAR		needs better	Donated by the Grinnell Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution. Statue is on display inside the Community Center.								no
72	Unknown	Massengill Memorial	Massengil Memorial Monument		Winged Deer Park	36.389873, -82.360348	36.389873	-82.360348	Johnson City, TN	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family	Book		Tennessee			done	Depicts local settler Henry Massengill, his wife and daughter. Henry holds a rifle. His wife holds a book and carries a satchel that resemble those held by Bryant Baker's famous Pioneer Woman in Ponca City, Oklahoma. Their daughter holds a large bouquet of flowers. At their feet are a plow and a dog. Originally located at a highway intersection in north Johnson City, the monument was relocated in 1990 to accommodate a highway improvement project.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/massengill-pioneer-family.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/massengill-pioneer-family-2.jpg	Mary Ruden			no
73	Leo Friedlander	The Covered Wagon	The Covered Wagon	marble	Oregon Capitol building	44.938745, -123.030406	44.938745	-123.030406	Salem, OR	1937	circa 1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family		Capitol	Oregon			done	In 1935, the Oregon statehouse burned to the ground. At the height of the Great Depression, Oregon relied in part on Works Progress Administration funding to build a grand new capitol building. Rather than recreate the copper-domed design typical of American state capitol buildings, Oregon erected a simple Modernistic design adorned with a pair of architectural sculptures depicting the Lewis and Clark Expedition and a family traveling on the Oregon Trail. In this covered wagon relief, the father steps boldly westward; his young son mimics his movement, but is held back by his kneeling mother.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Friedlander-covered-wagon-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		in state capitol. created entry 6/14/19	yes
74	Avard T. Fairbanks	New Frontiers	New Frontiers	bronze	LDS Conference Center, Temple Square	40.772152, -111.892969	40.772152	-111.892969	Salt Lake City, UT	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon		done	Originally sculpted in wax as a companion to "Tragedy at Winter Quarters" for the Chicago World's Fair in 1934, this monument was much later cast in bronze and placed inside the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' 21,000-seat Conference Center that was built adjacent to Temple Square in Salt Lake City in 2000.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/New-Frontiers-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
75	Merrell Gage	Pioneer Women of Kansas	Pioneer Women of Kansas	bronze	Kansas Capitol grounds	39.047390, -95.678890	39.047390	-95.678890	Topeka, KS	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Capitol	Kansas			done	Memorial commission originally selected Bryant Baker's design of a sunbonneted pioneer woman with a scythe that closely resembled his famous statue for Ponca City, Oklahoma. But Kansans pressured Baker to replace the scythe with a rifle. Ultimately Baker's model was displayed inside the state capitol. But it was former Kansan Merrell Gage's more stayed depiction of a seated pioneer mother with a rifle across her lap, her son reading beside her, and a guard dog at her feet that was cast in heroic size for the capitol lawn. Gage also sculpted the 1920 pioneer mother relief for Westport, Missouri.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Topeka-Gage-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	Merrell Gage 1920 relief	improved entry 8/15/19	yes
76	Hugo Villa	German Pioneers of Texas	German Pioneers of Texas	bronze	Landa Park	29.710975, -98.132590	29.710975	-98.132590	New Braunfels, TX	1938	1938	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family	Book	Park	Texas			done	On the eve of World War I, a reported $81,000 was raised in Germany to erect a monument to German settlers in Texas. But not until 1936, after the peak of the Pioneer Mother Movement and as Texas celebrated the centennial of its brief independence, did efforts to erect a German pioneer monument gain traction in New Braunfels, a predominately German Texas community. Hugo Villa’s German Pioneers of Texas depicted a seated woman with a book resting in her lap and her arm around her young son; her husband stands behind her, gesturing forward. The New Braunfels monument was supported by $2,000 from the state of Texas, but apparently did not receive any support from abroad, despite earlier fundraising efforts and a formal invitation for officials of New Braunfels-on-the-Lahn, Germany, to attend its unveiling.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/New-Braunfels-German-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
77	Samuel Cashwan	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	stone	Clare Middle School	43.822794, -84.765098	43.822794	-84.765098	Clare, MI	1938	1938	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	School	Michigan			done	In 1938, the students of Clare (Michigan) High School – perhaps inspired by Works Progress Administration (WPA) projects installing pioneer-themed murals in public buildings in their state and across the nation – used their senior class fund to commission the sculpture from Samuel Cashwan, an Ecole de Beaux-Arts-trained Detroit sculptor and supervisor of the WPA’s sculpture and ceramics program. Cashwan’s design featured a gentle-looking mother cradling a young child who more closely resembled the man-child in Renaissance paintings than Hahn’s accurate portrayal of infancy. Yet Cashwan’s Madonna imagery was counterbalanced by having a rifle at the ready. Perhaps the Clare students who selected the subject matter based on sketches submitted by the artist felt that the rifle made her appropriately aggressive for their school’s developing athletic identity. The students were encouraged in this project by Clare school superintendent Kennedy because he was “trying to develop the term ‘Pioneer’ as the name for our athletic teams” and he believed that the Cashwan sculpture “would help along that line and would carry plenty of local significance as this was certainly a pioneer lumbering settlement.” (“Restoring a Clare Treasure,” http://thelakercurrent.com/2012/08/27/restoring-a-clare-treasure.) As other schools were embracing more martial names for their sports teams, these Michigan students spent their scarce resources to erect a monument to a Prairie Madonna armed improbably with a rifle. Instead of a typical Pioneer Mother wearing a prairie-style dress, sunbonnet, and heavy boots, the Russian Jewish immigrant artist portrayed the Clare pioneer mother draped in a classical-style gown with bare feet. The rifle in her hand later was broken off, making it resemble a more peaceable staff.								yes
78	Gabriel Lavare	(Pioneer woman reading to child)	(Pioneer woman reading to child)	marble	Oregon State Library	44.939832, -123.030844	44.939832	-123.030844	Salem, OR	1939	circa 1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	book	Capitol	Oregon			done	This marble relief by Portland artist Gabriel Lavare lines a hallway in the Oregon state library. The portrayal of a pioneer mother teaching a small child from the book in her hand emphasizes both the value of education and the Pioneer Mother Movement's emphasis on frontier women carrying White "civilization" to the Wild West.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/reading-mother-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
79	Byron S. Johnson	Humanity	Humanity	bronze	Pioneer Center grounds	39.524214, -119.812032	39.524214	-119.812032	Reno, NV	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family		City Hall / Theater	Nevada			done	This monument was originally erected in front of the Old State Building. The statue was salvaged when the Old State Building was demolished in 1966 to make space for a new theater. Originally to be called the Apollo Center, the new building with a modernist gold geodesic dome roof instead became known as the Pioneer Center for the Performing Arts, taking its name from the 1939 Johnson pioneer monument. The new building is known locally as the "Golden Turtle."			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Humanity-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
80	Elbert Porter	Swiss Colony Historical Marker	Swiss Colony Daughters of Utah Pioneers Historical Marker	plaster; concrete	Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints	37.133313, -113.653968	37.133313	-113.653968	Santa Clara, UT	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family			Utah			done	Erected by the Daughters of Utah Pioneers in 1939, this pillar decorated with terra cotta reliefs of Mormon migrants traveling by covered wagon and handcart. Inscription reads: "November 28, 1861 about 93 pioneers under the leadership of Daniel Bonelli, were sent by President Brigham Young to settle southern Utah and raise cotton and grapes. They located at the fort built by Jacob Hamblin and others along Santa Clara Creek, one mile west of thepresent townsite. / The fort and many other buildings, dam and ditches were washed away by floods January 1, 1862. Lack of food, shelter and clothing tested their endurance for years."			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Santa-Clara-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Santa-Clara-2.jpg	Joy Richie			Joy Richie
81	Clarence Addison Shaler	Pioneers of Wisconsin	Pioneers of Wisconsin	bronze	Wilcox Park	43.627496, -88.725015	43.627496	-88.725015	Waupun, WI	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Wisconsin			done	Sculptor C. A. Shaler donated this sculpture to honor Wisconsin's pioneers, including his own parents. Its dedication plaque explains: "In the man's face we see the eager enthusiasm and courage to dare: in the woman's the calm strength to endure. Together they face their task of planting a civilization in the wilderness." This message about planting White civilization in the wilderness echoed many other monuments of the Pioneer Mother Movement. The monument was installed in Wilcox Park, which was dedicated "as a play space for small children" by the City of Waupun and its mayor to mark the city's "First Centennial" in 1939.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/waupun-pioneers-plaque-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/waupun-pioneers-resized.jpg	David Culver			Ginny Culver
82	Fred Torrey	Munn Memorial	Munn Memorial / Kansas Pioneers / Homage to the Native Sons and Daughters of Kansas / Lillie Gordon Munn Memorial Monument / Pageant of Kansas History	bronze, granite and limestone	Gage Park	39.051768, -95.727021	39.051768	-95.727021	Topeka, KS	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Kansas			done	Commissioned in 1936. A bronze sculpture of donor Lillie Gordon Munn and a young man stand on a granite pedestal in front of a 45-foot-long bas relief carved into limestone. The relief depicts a progression toward white civilization, including Native Americans, bison, Spanish explorers led by Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, scouts,priests, farmers, cattlemen, and pioneer families with covered wagons.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Munn-memorial-2mp.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Munn-PPM-2mp-e1566836400897.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		Clio entry exists	yes
83	Alfonso Iannelli	Fountain of the Pioneers	Fountain of the Pioneers	concrete	Bronson Park	42.290210, -85.585541	42.29021	-85.585541	Kalamazoo, MI	1940	1940-2018	Family Monuments	Other		Park	Michigan			done	Depicts a westward-facing white settler facing an American Indian wearing a feathered headdress. The artist explained that "the scheme of the fountain conveys the advance of the pioneers and the generations that follow, showing the movement westward, culminating in the tower-symbol of the pioneer while the Indian is shown in a posture of noble resistance, yet being absorbed as the white man advances; the pattern of the parapet rail indicates the rich vegetation and produce of the land." (https://www.kpl.gov/local-history/parks/fountain.aspx) Statue removed April 2018 following protests against its depiction of race relations.								removed
84	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneering	Pioneering	bronze	Temple Square	40.770064, -111.893688	40.770064	-111.893688	Salt Lake City, UT	1942	1942	Family Monuments	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon		done	In this 1942 bas relief created for Temple Square in Salt Lake City, the headquarters of the LDS church, artist Avard T. Fairbanks focused attention on the LDS patriarch’s dominant role. The artist explained in the pages of The Relief Society Magazine (29, no. 9: 1) that its “stalwart father, a tender mother, an infant child, a sturdy boy – typifies the Mormon family as it ventured forth into the unknown West.” The pioneer father in this bas relief did not only offer a supporting arm, as in other Fairbanks sculptures, but clearly held the young baby. Rather than being honored on a pedestal, this Pioneering mother seems almost an afterthought sandwiched between her husband and infant on one side and their young son on the other. While both father and son gaze forward toward their wagon and the future, Fairbanks’ mother looks backward toward the infant in her husband’s arm. The plaque’s slogan, “No toil nor labor fear,” seems intended for the forward-looking men-folk. The spinning wheel hanging from the back of the family’s wagon makes clear that the pioneer mother’s role would remain unchanged upon their settlement in Utah. Although Fairbanks placed this man behind his wife and children, the father’s animated pose and greater dimensionality again focused the viewer’s attention on his centrality in the ideal LDS family.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Pioneering-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
85	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family Group	bronze	North Dakota Capitol grounds	46.817782, -100.782831	46.817782	-100.782831	Bismarck, ND	1946	1946	Family Monuments	Family		Capitol	North Dakota			done	Casting of this pioneer family grouping was delayed due to metal shortages during World War II. It was one of the first pioneer monuments to depict a pioneer family. The father plays the central role in this family unit, which also includes an adolescent son and a baby in its mother's arms.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ND-PFam-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ND-PFam-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
86	Torleif S. Knaphus	Handcart Pioneer	Handcart Pioneer Monument	bronze	LDS Temple Square	40.769609, -111.892889	40.769609	-111.892889	Salt Lake City, UT	1947	1947	Family Monuments	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon		done	Handcarts became a poignant symbol of Mormon migration during the 20th century. When the LDS Church could not afford to supply new converts with wagons and oxen to cross the Great Plains, they utilized handcarts that emigrants pushed or pulled themselves. Most companies reached Utah safely, but others struggled, and more than 200 people died. Torleif S. Knaphus' 3-foot-tall model of a handcart family was unveiled by LDS President Heber J. Grant in the 1920s. Handcart pioneers Alfred Burningham of Bountiful and Michael Jensen of Gunnison were present at its dedication, and they “declared the monument to be a most accurate portrayal of the conditions under which they and the other handcart pioneers labored across the plains." That 3-foot-tall model of a handcart family was displayed at the Temple Square Bureau of Information.The sculpture was later enlarged to heroic size for outdoor display in Temple Square.Handcarts became a poignant symbol of Mormon migration during the 20th century. When the LDS Church could not afford to supply new converts with wagons and oxen to cross the Great Plains, they utilized handcarts that emigrants pushed or pulled themselves. Most companies reached Utah safely, but others struggled, and more than 200 people died. Torleif S. Knaphus' 3-foot-tall model of a handcart family was unveiled by LDS President Heber J. Grant in the 1920s. Handcart pioneers Alfred Burningham of Bountiful and Michael Jensen of Gunnison were present at its dedication, and they “declared the monument to be a most accurate portrayal of the conditions under which they and the other handcart pioneers labored across the plains." It was displayed for many years at the Temple Square Bureau of Information. That 3-foot-fall model enlarged to heroic size to mark the 1947 centennial of Mormon settlement in Utah. iThis heroic-sized copy is displayed outdoor in Temple Square.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Knaphus-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
87	Mahonri M. Young	This is the Place	This is the Place Monument	bronze	This is the Place Park	40.752013, -111.816173	40.752013	-111.816173	Salt Lake City, UT	1947	1947	Family Monuments	Group		Historic Site / Museum	Utah	Mormon		done	In 1937, a state commission selected a grandson of Brigham Young to design this monument celebrating Brigham Young guiding Mormon migrants to Utah. It was dedicated on the centennial of their arrival in Salt Lake Valley.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/TITP-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
88	Marshall M. Fredericks	Early Kentucky Settlers	Early Kentucky Settlers	bronze	Courier-Journal building	38.247193, -85.761098	38.247193	-85.761098	Louisville, KY	1948	1948	Family Monuments	Man and Woman			Kentucky			done	Given Hollywood’s emphasis on Westerns at the height of the Cold War, including Davy Crockett: King of the Wild Frontier, it is perhaps not surprising that even residents of Kentucky and Tennessee experienced renewed interest in their frontier heritage in the late 1940s and the 1950s. Louisville Courier-Journal editor Barry Bingham commissioned sculptor Marshall M. Fredericks to design reliefs depicting the “spirit of Kentucky” for the newspaper’s new building. Fredericks reportedly traveled around the state to learn the essence of that spirit, intending for “children to be able to understand and enjoy." The completed relief featured a “pioneer family” surrounded by animals of the region, thoroughbred horses, sheep, tobacco farmers, riverboats and a giant catfish. But unlike other pioneer family monuments of that era, Fredericks chose to depict only a frontier man armed with a rifle and a woman in a sunbonnet. Deer, bear, and raccoon families frolic at their feet, taking the place of human children in symbolizing the land’s promise for the future.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Louisville-relief-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
89	Alonzo Victor Lewis	Prospector	The Prospector	bronze	Pioneers Home grounds	57.049797, -135.338154	57.049797	-135.338154	Sitka, AK	1949	commissioned 1926; erected 1949	Family Monuments	Man			Alaska			done	Commissioned in 1926 by the Seattle Alaska Yukon Pioneers. Statue committee disbanded in 1942, and model placed in storage. Finally cast and erected in Sitka, Alaska, using funds from the state's Pioneer Monument Fund. Smaller model for this heroic-sized bronze erected in Seattle's Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park at Pioneer Square.			https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=SAAM-SAK000205_1					no
90	Unknown	Pioneer Memorial	Pioneer Memorial obelisk	quartzite	Hilltop overlooking Sioux Falls	43.5744007,-96.7117972	43.5744007	-96.7117972	Sioux Falls, SD	1949	1949	Family Monuments	Other			South Dakota			done	Originally conceived as a tribute to Judge Joseph Amidon and his son Willie, who died in the US-Dakota War of 1862, the project stalled during the Great Depression. Plans to depict the scales of justice and Native American legends and symbols gave way to a simple 25-foot-tall obelisk constructed from locally-mined quartzite. A stone at its base is engraved with this legend: "Honors the early settlers who faced the harsh and lonely prairie, the ferocity of the elements, and the uncertainty of their fate in this new land between 1856 when Sioux Falls city was platted and 1889 when South Dakota achieved statehood. They built homes, farms and businesses and planted their family roots in Minnehaha county. This Sioux Quartzite obelisk was erected in their memory in 1949."						https://www.sdpb.org/blogs/images-of-the-past/the-sioux-falls-pioneer-memorial-the-amidon-affair-marker/		no
91	Anna Belle Campbell	The Homesteaders	The Homesteaders / Prairie Family	composite of concrete and stone	Mission Road traffic circle	39.004455, -94.630372	39.004455	-94.630372	Prairie Village, KS	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Family		Shopping Center	Kansas			done	Prairie Village was a brand new suburb of the much larger Kansas City when it installed this monument in 1951. Real estate developer J. C. Nichols Company erected Anna Belle Campbell Cartright's concrete and stone depiction of a pioneer family (The Homesteaders) at the entrance to the parking lot of the shopping center that formed the heart of the new development. This was an early example of installing pioneer monuments in front of suburban shopping centers, a move that seeks to historicize modern shopping plazas. The city recently restored Cartright's statue. Yet, in a move typical of suburbs embracing pioneer monuments, Prairie Village seeks to showcase the statue while simultaneously alleviating the challenges of modern life: newly created Prairie Park is in fact a traffic circle designed to improve traffic flow at the heart of the downtown shopping district.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Cartwright-Homesteaders-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
92	(Thomas) Puryear Mims	Mountain Group	Mountain Group / Pioneer Family	bronze	Cordell Hull State Office Building	36.165043, -86.783066	36.165043	-86.783066	Nashville, TN	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Family		Capitol	Tennessee			done	Tennessee surrounded its massive new Cordell Hull state office building with four bronze sculptural groupings by local artist Thomas Puryear Mims. Mims' statues depicted different aspects of Tennessee history, from early white settlement through the Tennessee Valley Authority of the New Deal era. Utilizing artistic styles of that era, Mims forsook realism in favor of modernist “oversimplification, exag[g]eration and intensification of vertical lines” to elicit emotion in the viewer. Puryear Mims’ stylized Mountain Group (also known as Pioneer Family) features a buckskin- and moccasin-clad hunter and his adolescent son, who wears a coonskin hat and grasps a Bowie knife tucked into his belt. Behind them stands a barefoot woman wearing a knee-length dress who carries a young girl on her hip. Although she appears in modern attire rather than the prairie-style gown, heavy boots and sunbonnet typically associated with pioneer mothers, her placement within this pioneer-themed grouping marks Mims’ woman as a modernist twist on a 1920s pioneer mother.								visited site
93	Unknown	Pioneer Mothers' Memorial	Pioneer Mothers' Memorial	stone	Pioneer Mothers Memorial Forest	38.541247, -86.453023	38.541247	-86.453023	Paoli, IN	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Other		Park	Indiana			done	The Pioneer Mother Memorial Association of Indiana was established to erect a Pioneer Mother monument for the state's 1916 centennial. But those efforts floundered during World War I and after founder Charity Dye's death in 1921. In 1940, the club’s remaining membership voted to donate the group’s entire treasury – some $5,900 – to help purchase a ninety-acre tract of “virgin” timber near Paoli that was in danger of being logged, with the understanding that the resulting public forest “would be used as a memorial to pioneer mothers.” The Forest Service assumed title of the land and renamed it the Indiana Pioneer Mothers Memorial Forest. In 1951, the Pioneer Mother Memorial Association paid to build a memorial wall from old foundation stones reclaimed from the Hoosier National Forest, which read “Pioneer Mothers Memorial Woods.” The pioneer mothers memorial wall was dedicated in 1955. At the dedication ceremony, the Forest Service chief declared that the forest itself was a “monument to ‘help us remember the courage, personal integrity, and faith of the pioneer women.’” Today, visitors can access the memorial wall by hiking trail; an interpretive sign explains its history in the nearest Forest Service parking lot.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Paoli-wall-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
94	Jo Davidson	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	bronze	Pioneer Pipe Line Company	40.862100, -111.905710	40.8621	-111.90571	Woods Cross, UT	1953	1953	Family Monuments	Woman			Utah	Mormon		needs blurb									no
95	George Bauwens	Glendale Pioneers	Glendale Pioneers	bronze	Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints	37.315997, -112.595465	37.315997	-112.595465	Glendale, UT	1955	1955	Family Monuments	Other			Utah	Mormon		needs blurb									???
96	Francis Minturn Sedgwick; Vladimir Oslou	Laurel Hill Pioneer	Laurel Hill Pioneer Monument	bronze, marble and concrete	Cypress Lawn Memorial Park	37.671686, -122.457574	37.671686	-122.457574	Colma, CA	1955	1955	Family Monuments	Family		Cemetery	California			done	Remains of 35,000 California settlers were moved from San Francisco's Laurel Hill Cemetery to Colma's Cypress Lawn Memorial Park in 1946 so that the historic cemetery could be sold to real estate developers. Most original grave markers were used to construct a breakwater in the Marina. The Laurel Hill Cemetery Association commissioned this monument to honor the settlers whose remains had been reinterred. It features a pioneer family and a relief of a covered wagon at the base of a concrete obelisk.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Laurel-Hill-obelisk-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Laurel-Hill-Pioneer-resized.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
97	Frederic Littman	Joy (Pioneer Woman)	Joy (Pioneer Woman) / Laberee Memorial Fountain	bronze	Council Crest Park	45.498358, -122.708010	45.498358	-122.70801	Portland, OR	1956	1956	Family Monuments	Woman		Park	Oregon			done	The artist sculpted this mother and child playing in a park to represent "joy." But like Susan Pogzeba's Homage to the Pioneer in Denver, Colorado, Portlanders interpreted this image as a pioneer mother. The plaque at the base of the statue calls it "Joy (Pioneer Woman)." Another plaque nearby indicates that it depicts the sister and nephew of local resident George B. Staehli (1922-1997). The water fountains accompanying the bronze sculpture are updated versions of the so-called "Benson Bubblers" that Simon Benson donated to the city of Portland in 1912 to discourage workers from consuming alcohol on their lunch break.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/joy-pioneer-woman-2mp-e1566837032699.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 6/19/19	yes
98	Avard T. Fairbanks	Guidance of Youth	Guidance of Youth	bronze	Bush's Pasture Park	44.930173, -123.039663	44.930173	-123.039663	Salem, OR	1958	1958	Family Monuments	Family		Park	Oregon			done	Carroll Moore left his life savings to pay for a pioneer monument for Salem, Oregon. Plans to purchase a nude Pierre-Auguste Renoir Venus Victorious statue sparked controversy. The committee instead selected Avard Fairbanks' depiction of a pioneer family; the strapping young son leads the way into the future. Fairbanks adapted earlier Oregon Trail imagery for an Oregon Centennial medallion on the rear of the monument.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Guidance-of-Youth-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Guidance-of-Youth-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 6/19/19	yes
99	Avard T. Fairbanks	Oregon Centennial Medallion	Oregon Centennial Medallion	bronze	Bush's Pasture Park	44.930173, -123.039663	44.930173	-123.039663	Salem, OR	1958	1958	Family Monuments	Family		Park	Oregon			done	Fairbanks adapted earlier Oregon Trail imagery for this Oregon Centennial medallion. The pioneer man rides a horse, while his wife rides in the covered wagon holding an infant. In the foreground, their son drives the ox team.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Oregon-Centennial-medallion-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		in Guidance of Youth	yes
100	Gordon Shumaker	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	fiberglass	in front of Pioneer Portrait Hall, Minnesota State Fairgrounds	44.979056, -93.170776	44.979056	-93.170776	St. Paul, MN	1958	1958	Family Monuments	Woman		Fair	Minnesota			done	This Pioneer Woman was created for the centennial of Minnesota statehood. Although sculpted from modern fiberglass, it closely resembles bronze pioneer mother monuments from the 1920s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mpls-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
101	Leonard McMurry	Pioneers of 1889	Pioneers of 1889	bronze	Kerr Couch Park	35.469512, -97.515126	35.469512	-97.515126	Oklahoma City, OK	1959	1959	Family Monuments	Other			Oklahoma			done	Sculpted by Oklahoma City artist Lenoard McMurry and donated by B. D. and Pauline Eddie. According to its dedicatory plaque, this statue of a man using a hatchet to drive a stake into the ground while his young son sits atop their horse commemorated the "strong men and women" who settled in the 1889 Land Run. An estimated 50,000 people rushed into the previously designated "Indian Territory" in hopes of claiming 160 acres of land under the 1862 Homestead Act. The monument was dedicated on "89ers Day" in 1960.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/pioneers-1889-crop-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/pioneers-1889-plaque-crop-resized.jpg	David Prescott			David Prescott
102	Unknown	(Pioneer Woman and Child)	(Pioneer Woman and Child)	painted concrete	Western Savings Bank Building	33.415740, -111.874692	33.415740	-111.874692	Mesa, AZ	1960	circa 1960	Family Monuments	Woman			Arizona	Mormon?		done	This painted concrete statue of a pioneer woman and child decorated the exterior of a bank building that later became a pawn shop.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mesa-PM-edited.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes	Check name of bank. Western Savings was major contributor to Mesa Pioneer Monument
103	Wheeler Williams	Pioneer Mother of Kansas	Pioneer Mother of Kansas	bronze	Public Library lawn, Cooper Park	37.043526, -100.922119	37.043526	-100.922119	Liberal, KS	1961	designed 1927; erected 1961	Family Monuments	Woman		Library	Kansas			done	The design for this statue was originally sculpted by Wheeler Williams in the 1920s. He submitted "Fearless" to a 1920s competition to place a pioneer woman monument in Ponca City, Oklahoma, but did not win. Thirty years later, donor D. K. Baty hired a local art student to design a monument for the town of Liberal. But Baty soon substituted Williams' older design.						Image available here	created entry 7/31/19	no
104	William Zorach	The Family	The Family	bronze	Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center	38.845337, -104.826071	38.845337	-104.826071	Colorado Springs, CO	1964	1964	Family Monuments	Family		Bank	Colorado			done	Selected by a panel of experts to be erected as part of the Texas Centennial celebration in 1936, this "Pioneer Family Group" monument design was rejected by the people of Texas as being an inappropriate way to commemorate pioneer women, and inappropriate for erection on the Texas Woman's College campus at Denton. In 1964 it was cast in bronze and erected in downtown Colorado Springs under the title "The Family." In the 1990s, the Colorado Springs casting was sold at auction, but another casting of the same work was donated to the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center. (Photo shown is of the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center's statue, which once stood in front of a Pueblo, Colorado, bank.)			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Zorach-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			private collection
105	William Zorach	The Family	The Family	bronze	Columbia Savings Bank (later moved to Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center)	38.267993, -104.608453	38.267993	-104.608453	Pueblo, CO	1964	1964; relocated 1994	Family Monuments	Family		Bank	Colorado			done	Selected by a panel of experts to be erected as part of the Texas Centennial celebration in 1936, this "Pioneer Family Group" monument design was rejected by the people of Texas as being an inappropriate way to commemorate pioneer women, and inappropriate for erection on the Texas Woman's College campus at Denton. In 1964 it was cast in bronze and erected in downtown Pueblo, Colorado, under the title "The Family." In 1994 it was donated to the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Zorach-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 9/4/19	yes
106	Susan M. Pogzeba	Homage to the Pioneer	Homage to the Pioneer	bronze	Zeckendorf Park	39.72714,-104.9865714	39.72714	-104.9865714	Denver, CO	1968	1968	Family Monuments	Family		Park	Colorado			done	Real estate developer William Zeckendorf’s foundation offered a $5,000 prize for a sculpture for the park dedicated to Colorado pioneers and produced by a Colorado artist. The selection committee was not impressed by traditional designs for this new monument. Instead, they chose a design by a young local artist, Susan Pogzeba, who “refuse[d] to ascribe any particular meaning to” her abstract design. But she explained that “other people have tried to pin such meanings as ‘family’ on it.” The artist said that she “was just working with forms and this was the result.” (“How Prize Is Picked,” Colorado Springs Gazette, April 6, 1968)			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Pogzeba-Denver-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
107	Charles B. Martin	Arizona's Pioneer Women	Arizona's Pioneer Women	copper	Wesley Bolin Plaza	33.448130, -112.094290	33.44813	-112.09429	Phoenix, AZ	1968	1968	Family Monuments	Woman		Capitol	Arizona			done	In the early 1960s, Daughters of Utah Pioneers (DUP) headquarters in Utah asked the local Squaw Peak Camp to erect a marker on a historical spot in the Phoenix area. They considered marking the site of Phoenix’s first school building, its first flour mill, or its earliest daily newspaper. But they ultimately chose instead to put of a statue honoring Arizona female settlers at the state capitol. Charles B. Martin, an illustrator in the City Planning Department and amateur sculptor, created the sculpture. The DUP headquarters and the National Markers Association, wanted the interpretive plaque to include specific names, but the local chapter was afraid of leaving someone out. They erected a fairly typical depiction of a pioneer woman in a sunbonnet. Instead of bronze, it is sculpted from Arizona copper. Today, it is one of 30 memorials located in Wesley Bolin Plaza.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Arizona-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 2/19	yes
108	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	plaster	National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum	35.536006, -97.483153	35.536006	-97.483153	Oklahoma City, OK	1968	1968	Family Monuments	Other		Art Museum	Oklahoma			done	Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Restored and installed at National Cowboy Hall of Fame and Western Heritage Center in Oklahoma City, where it was dedicated in 1971.						Learn more	Created entry 7/18	no
109	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	bronze	Mooney Grove Park	36.280601, -119.309367	36.280601	-119.309367	Visalia, CA	1971	1971	Family Monuments	Other		Park	California			done	The End of the Trail was sculpted by James Earle Fraser for display at the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition. It was one of the most photographed sites of the fair, and has since become one of the most recognizable images in the country. After the fair closed, the plaster statue was claimed by residents of Tulare County, California, and relocated to Mooney Grove Park in Visalia. The National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, acquired the original plaster in 1968. A bronze cast of the statue now appears in Mooney Grove Park.							Created entry 7/18	no
110	Pete Felten, Jr.	Pioneer Family Statue	Pioneer Family Statue	limestone	North Penn Avenue	39.8243193,-100.528994	39.8243193	-100.528994	Oberlin, KS	1971	1971	Family Monuments	Family			Kansas			done	This 1971 sculpture was the first of several pioneer monuments by local sculptor Pete Felten, Jr. Most pioneer family monuments feature a father and mother standing together, with their young son in front of them. In contrast, the Oberlin family stands in a circle with their backs toward one another and their arms linked, a defensive posture suggesting the pioneers’ reliance on the family unit for survival.The Oberlin pioneer family circle suggests a greater degree of equality among the characters than the pyramidal shape typical in earlier decades. Indeed, the father in the Oberlin family bends his knees to embrace his children, decreasing the extent that he towers over the rest of the family. In keeping with earlier pioneer family monuments, the mother leans gently backward into the family circle, maintaining its core. But in a gesture toward feminism’s growing influence, their teenage daughter leans slightly outward to embrace the future. Their young son bends his knees, mimicking his father’s posture, and appears ready to leap outward at the first opportunity. Public reactions to Felten’s initial proposal were mixed, but what initially felt to many rural Kansans like too much of a departure from established pioneer family imagery soon grew more comfortable.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Oberlin-PFam-dad-son-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Oberlin-PFam-mom-girl-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/31/19	yes
111	Granville W. Carter	West Texas Pioneer Family	West Texas Pioneer Family	bronze	Avenue Q at 13th St.	33.583333, -101.854722	33.583333	-101.854722	Lubbock, TX	1971	1971	Family Monuments	Family			Texas			done	Depicts a pioneer man holding a hoe, a woman holding a Bible and a daisy, and a boy holding a lariat.								no
112	Gus Shafer	Wagon Master	The Wagon Master	bronze	Intercontinental Hotel	39.039408, -94.593106	39.039408	-94.593106	Kansas City, MO	1973	1973	Family Monuments	Man			Missouri			done	This statue sculpted by L. E. “Gus” Shafer is a larger-than-life depiction of a wagon train leader. It is one of several monuments in the Kansas City area that commemorate the region's connections to the Santa Fe, Oregon and California trails during the mid-19th century. The artist used his own face as a model for this sculpture. The bronze statue stands on a large limestone rock. It was a gift from Catherine and Miller Nichols, their four daughters, and the artist. It was dedicated on September 8, 1973.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KC-Wagon-Master-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
113	Pete Felten, Jr.	Boot Hill Man	Boot Hill Man / The Homesteader	limestone	Boot Hill Cemetery	38.878528, -99.327725	38.878528	-99.327725	Hays, KS	1973	1973	Family Monuments	Man		Cemetery	Kansas			done	This 1971 seven-foot-tall limestone statue by local sculptor Pete Felten, Jr., was created to stand at the Ellis County Historical society's new headquarters at Hays Boot Hill. The historical society sought a dignified sculpture of a plainsman. But Felten wanted the statue to commemorate those who died "with their boots on" as a result of frontier violence. Also known as "The Homesteader," it stands in the town's first cemetery.							created entry 8/1/19	no
114	Gordan Dingman	Life Sketches	Life Sketches	brick	16 N Minnesota St.	44.313850, -94.459376	44.313850	-94.459376	New Ulm, MN	1974	1974	Family Monuments	Group							Gordon Dingman sought to depict Indians and white settlers coexisting peacefully in the area prior to the 1862 US-Dakota War. His mural depicts four scenes of local settlement that incorporate both whites and Indians. In the first, Anglo and Native women do domestic work on either side of a mounted Sioux warrior, suggesting parallels if not meaningful cultural connections. But Dingman did not treat Indian and white male figures equally. In a second scene, three white laborers, a draft horse, and drag symbolize westward expansion. Dingman intended his use of “direct frontal views and uncompromising postures [to] suggest national attitudes of that period leading to broken treaties, exploitation and ultimately war.” A third scene depicts an Indian man dressed in Anglo-style clothing using the wrong end of a saw, suggesting that he was waiting for “another man/cultural group to help him transition into a changed world.” Thus, while Dingman sought to stress peaceful coexistence, his mural instead shows the persistence of a recognizably settler colonial mindset of white superiority and sacrifice coupled with Native backwardness.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/New-Ulm-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/New-Ulm-2.jpg	Michael Lansing			Michael Lansing
115	Edward J. Fraughton	Mormon Pioneer Memorial	Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument / "All is Well"	bronze	Brigham Young Family Memorial Cemetery	40.770287, -111.885657	40.770287	-111.885657	Salt Lake City, UT	1974	1974	Family Monuments	Family			Utah	Mormon		needs better	Commissioned by the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/All-is-Well-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/all-is-well-plaque-resized.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes?
116	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	bronze	Lake Avenue and Lakeshore Drive	42.636676, -95.200955	42.636676	-95.200955	Storm Lake, IA	1974	1974	Early Monuments	Man			Iowa			done	Bronze recasting of Newman's 1910 zinc sculpture that had been badly damaged. Paid for with funds raised for the Storm Lake Centennial in 1973.								no
117	Pete Felten, Jr.	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family / Volga German Immigrant Family	limestone	Corner of 19th & Cathedral	38.856357, -99.151051	38.856357	-99.151051	Victoria, KS	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Family		Historic Site	Kansas			done	As other Midwestern towns celebrated ethnic inclusivity during the nation’s Bicentennial in 1976, Felten’s sturdy Volga German immigrant family for Victoria, Kansas, emphasized the Russian Germans’ otherness. The Volga German monument’s dedicatory plaque explains that “the first religious activities of these settlers centered around the village cross.” But Felten depicted the pioneer family as split along gender lines by that village cross: a mustached limestone father, two sons, and a pet dog peer almost angrily at a woman in a headscarf and her two daughters (the younger dragging a rag doll on the ground) from opposite sides of a large wooden cross. Although the monument was a tribute to the families that established the adjacent village of Herzog, Felten’s depiction seemed to suggest that, despite their religiosity and efforts constructing the 1100-seat Cathedral of the Plains, these Catholic Russian Germans could not be easily assimilated into American culture.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Victoria-Ger-Rus-1.jpg		Juti Winchester		created entry 8/1/19	Juti Winchester
118	Ann Opgenorth and Donna Marihar	Five Figures	Five Figures for Five Flags / Pioneers Sculpture	bronze	Cathedral Square	42.495283, -90.666546	42.495283	-90.666546	Dubuque, IA	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Group		Park	Iowa				This sculptural group features stylized depictions of the generic types (many of them German and Irish immigrants) credited with founding Dubuque's Mississippi River community: a miner, a priest, a steamboat captain, and a farmer embracing his pioneer wife. The title emphasized its intended ethnic inclusivity: Five Figures for Five Flags. Yet the work soon became known as a Pioneers sculpture, abandoning its intended ethnic diversity in favor of pioneer monuments’ assumed whiteness. The objects with which Opgenorth and Marihar identify the male characters reference earlier pioneer monuments with more ethnically inclusive twists. Several frontiersmen carried axes in early-twentieth-century pioneer monuments, but here that tool is wielded by a presumably immigrant lead miner. French Jesuit priests, such as the one indicated with a cross in this Dubuque statue, were more respected by Anglo-Americans as contributors to white settlement in the upper Midwest than were their Spanish Franciscan counterparts in the Southwest, but still were rarely depicted in pioneer monuments. The steamboat captain’s steering wheel is less typical of earlier pioneer monuments, but the large wheel stands behind him, doubling as a wagon wheel evoking westward migration by covered wagon. While Five Figures for Five Flags seeks to represent the ethnic diversity of Dubuque’s early settlers, it pointedly excludes local Indigenous peoples, suggesting that inclusion in Dubuque’s melting pot was limited to those of European origin. Discarding Beaux-Arts realism, artists Ann Opgenorth and Donna Marihar created more avant-garde thin, angular figures with exaggerated facial features for Dubuque’s bicentennial sculpture. Their choice to depict the pioneer woman holding a pet cat rather than a swaddled infant represented a modernist twist on traditional pioneer mother iconography. That the woman snuggles her pet cat, rather than being protected by the more common large dog – and that her cat is a dependent pet to be coddled, instead of an independent barn cat charged with keeping the farm mouse-free – suggests that she is a modern housewife rather than a nineteenth-century bearer of white civilization.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Dubuque-5-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Dubuque-5-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
119	Richard Bergen	Heritage Woman	Heritage Woman	bronze	Heritage Park	37.684694, -97.337523	37.684694	-97.337523	Wichita, KS	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Woman		Museum	Kansas			done	This styled nude statue was intended to honor early white Kansas settler women when it was placed in Wichita amid the nation’s bicentennial celebration in 1976. The citizens of Wichita apparently viewed Bergen’s Heritage Woman within a long-established fine arts tradition of nude female forms. In contrast to the outrage expressed in Denton, Texas, in the 1930s and Salem, Oregon, in the 1950s, newspaper coverage of Wichita’s Heritage Woman did not reveal any protests to her nudity. Instead, local residents appeared to embrace the work’s merging of classical and contemporary aesthetic for their new Victorian-inspired urban park, and overlooked the artist’s conception of a nude pioneer woman revealing herself in downtown Wichita. Yet Wichitans’ acceptance of the nude pioneer woman appear to have declined over time. In April 2005, vandals damaged the sculpture’s hands, requiring $5,000 worth of repairs. Shortly after the city returned the statue to its plinth in Heritage Park in fall 2006, it was assaulted a second time, knocking it off its base, breaking it in half at the waist and cracking the bronze skin, causing another $20,000 in damages. Vandals attacked it a third time in early 2013, again removing it from its base and breaking it in half. This time repairs kept the statue out of the public eye for four years. City leaders hope that the installation of a tall iron fence around Heritage Park will protect the statue from further damage. Historical society staff suspect that the statue’s nudity inspired these repeated attacks on Heritage Woman.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/HeritageSquare.jpg		Courtesy of City of Wichita Park and Recreation Department		created entry 8/1/19	visited site
120	W. Walter Campbell	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	limestone	Blair County Courthouse	40.430180, -78.392137	40.430007	-78.392479	Hollidaysburg, PA	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Family			Pennsylvania			needs blurb							https://learninglab.si.edu/resources/view/122447#		no
121	Rich Muno	Pioneer Man	Pioneer Man	bronze	Clinton City Hall	40.430383, -78.392333	35.515646	-98.965352	Clinton, OK	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Man			Oklahoma			done	Man wearing wide-brimmed hat, collared work shirt and pants held up by suspenders. Holds an ax in his proper right hand. A Winchester rifle stands propped up to his left. Dedicated July 4, 1976, amid U.S. Bicentennial celebrations.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Pioneer-Man-cropped.jpg		David Prescott			David Prescott
122	Frederick A. Olds	Statehood	Statehood	bronze	Oklahoma Territorial Museum front entrance	35.878201, -97.421013	35.878201	-97.421013	Guthrie, OK	1977	1977	Family Monuments	Man and Woman		Museum	Oklahoma			done	Depicts a wedding ceremony between a white cowboy and Miss Indian Territory.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Guthrie-Statehood-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
123	George Bassett	Delavan Pioneers	Delavan Pioneers / Land is Our Heritage	bronze	2nd Street park	43.767564, -94.019145	43.767564	-94.019145	Delavan, MN	1977	1977	Family Monuments	Man and Woman			Minnesota			needs better blurb	Dedicated during the town's centennial in 1977.						http://collections.mnhs.org/cms/web5/media.php?irn=10181867&width=640&height=640		no
124	Avard T. Fairbanks	American Family	The American Family	bronze	Utah County courthouse lawn	40.232651, -111.658378	40.232651	-111.658378	Provo, UT	1978	1978	Family Monuments	Family		Courthouse	Utah	Mormon		done	Avard Fairbanks first proposed this monument depicting his religious vision of a child kneeling at his father's knee in prayer to the First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the 1940s. It was not cast in bronze until the 1970s, when it was erected on the courthouse lawn in Provo, Utah. Working titles that reflected Fairbanks' LDS faith -- "God Bless this Home" and "The Eternal Family" -- were later replaced by the more inclusive "The American Family."		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Am-Family-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
125	Avard T. Fairbanks	American Motherhood	American Motherhood	marble	Utah County courthouse	40.232807, -111.658012	40.232807	-111.658012	Provo, UT	1979	1979	Family Monuments	Woman		Courthouse	Utah	Mormon		done	The woman in this sculpture closely resembles the pioneer women in earlier Avard Fairbanks bronzes, including the nearby The American Family and Fairbanks’ 1946 North Dakota Pioneer Family Group. Models of this statue are presented to local, state, and national Mother of the Year recipients by the inter-faith American Mothers, Inc.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Am-Motherhood-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
126	Pershing Geiger	The Homesteader	The Homesteader	bronze	Homesteader Plaza	42.849947, -106.322029	42.849947	-106.322029	Casper, WY	1979	1979	Family Monuments	Man			Wyoming			needs blurb									no
127	John Ehn	Old Trapper's Lodge	Old Trapper's Lodge	concrete embellished with found materials	Pierce College	34.1850166666667,-118.583275	34.18501667	-118.583275	Los Angeles, CA	1981	created 1951-81; relocated 1981	Family Monuments	Other		Campus	California				Self-taught artist's rendering of the Old West. Ehn used family members as models to create figures of cowboys, frontier women, and a "Boot Hill" (mock gunslinger burial ground with comedic ephitaphs) at "Old Trapper's Lodge" on Ehn's private property. These figures include a pioneer mother holding a rifle and a baby; a young son and daughter stand beside her. The figures also included stereotypical representations of American Indian man attacking "Pegleg Smith" (presumably a Mormon man with a tomahawk, and a dark-skinned man kidnapping a scantily-clad white woman. After Ehn's death in 1981, family members sold that property, and the sculptural assemblace was relocated to the campus of campus of Pierce College, on El Rancho Dr., just east of the stables, in a stand of trees. It was declared a Twentieth Century Folk Art Environment California Historical Landmark (Landmark 939.5) in 1985. Following the murder of George Floyd in 2020, protests across the United States challenged monuments to Civil War soldiers and colonialism. Pierce College sought to relocate the Old Trapper's Lodge collection								no
128	Christian Petersen	Madonna of the Prairie	Madonna of the Prairie / Prairie Woman	limestone	Iowa State University College of Education	42.029720, -93.645397	42.029720	-93.645397	Ames, IA	1982	circa 1940; erected 1982	Culture Wars	Woman		Campus	Iowa			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Christian-Petersen-Madonna-1.jpg		Pamela Riney-Kehrberg			yes
129	George W. Lundeen	Promise of the Prairie	Promise of the Prairie	bronze	North Pond Lake	40.450533, -99.377700	40.450533	-99.3777	Holdredge, NE	1983	1983	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Nebraska		town centennial		Erected for the town's centennial. Like other pioneer family monuments, it presents a nuclear family as a vision and hope for the future. And like other pioneer family sculptures, it features a father dressed in overalls, a mother wearing a prairie-style gown and apron, and their young son. But this work strays from other pioneer family monuments in important ways. It emphasizes the married couple rather than the child, and gives the father a greater nurturing role. Most pioneer monuments place a school-aged son in front of his parents, preparing to lead them into the future. Mothers often gaze lovingly at a baby in their arms. In this work, in contrast, the father holds a preschool-aged boy. This emphasizes the father's nurturing role alongside his leadership. Both father and mother gaze into the distance, imagining their future. Rather than gripping books to prepare for the future, the young boy plays with his father's wide-brimmed hat. The boy is barefoot, which was typical for frontier children but is rarely seen in pioneer monuments. On this young boy, it further emphasizes his innocence.							created 9/4/19	no
130	Steve Shields	Pioneer	Pioneer	copper	Pioneer Cemetery	36.864302, -87.492711	36.864302	-87.492711	Hopkinsville, KY	1984	1984	Culture Wars	Man			Kentucky			needs blurb									no
131	Jack Cartlidge	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family / Pioneer Family Hears a Sound is it Bears or Billy Bowlegs?	copper	City Hall	27.337667, -82.539967	27.337667	-82.539967	Sarasota, FL	1984	1984	Culture Wars	Family			Florida			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Sarasota-1-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Sarasota-2-resized.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
132	Charlie Norton	Spirit of the Prairie	Spirit of the Prairie	bronze	Thomas County Courthouse	39.396089, -101.043197	39.396089	-101.043197	Colby, KS	1985	1985	Culture Wars	Woman		Courthouse	Kansas			done	Sculpted by Charlie Norton of nearby Leoti, Kansas, this 9-foot-tall bronze pioneer woman statue's dedication was the highlight of Thomas County's centennial celebration on October 8, 1985. The statue was placed in front of the 1906 county courthouse, a Romanesque Revival building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The pioneer woman holds a baby on her hip and waves a hankerchief over her head to signal to someone--likely her husband--far across the Kansas prairie.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Spirit-of-the-Prairie-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/spirit-of-the-prairie-reverse-resized.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 8/15/19	yes
133	Mike Capser	Pioneer's Vision	Pioneer's Vision	bronze with patina	First Interstate Bank Building	45.783654, -108.512395	45.783654	-108.512395	Billings, MT	1985	1985	Culture Wars	Family		Bank	Montana			done	First Interstate Bank sought to emphasize its Montanan identity by installing this sculpture by Montana artist Mike Capser. Three pioneer figures stand on a rock overlooking the street. The mustachioed father gestures out over the land he plans to settle. His son gazes up at him with rapt attention, his hands in his overall pockets. The mother rests her hands on the boy's shoulders, looking resigned. Behind them in a separate installation, a carefree little girl romps over boulders with her dog. While the girl appears joyful, her separation from the rest of her family promises that the privileges and responsibilities of settlement remain with her parents and brother.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Pioneers-Vision-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Pioneers-Vision-2.jpg	Pamela Pierce			Pamela Pierce
134	Bill Nebeker	Early Settlers	Early Settlers	bronze	Memorial Island Park	34.544507, -112.454130	34.544507	-112.45413	Prescott, AZ	1985	1985	Culture Wars	Group			Arizona			done	Four figures back-to-back in a circle: pioneer woman wearing a sunbonnet and holding a Bible, rancher holding a rope, wagon master with a whip, and miner with a gold pan. The sculptor originally planned to include a Fort Whipple soldier as the fourth figure, but his wife and father persuaded him instead to honor the women who settled the Southwest.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Early-Settlers-front-cropped-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Early-Settlers-rear-resized.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	https://walkingprescott.blogspot.com/2008/11/prescotts-heroic-bronzes.html	created entry. 2/19	yes
135	Thomas L. Beard	Pioneer Square	Pioneer Square Monument	bronze	Pioneer Square	39.053690, -94.590608	39.053690	-94.590608	Westport, MO	1986	1986	Heritage Tourism	Group			Missouri			done	Westport business leaders wanted commemorate the town's connections to the Santa Fe Trail, the Oregon Trail, and its claim to being the birthplace of Kansas City. After several failed attempts to claim A. Phimister Proctor's Pioneer Mother from Kansas City's Penn Valley Park, and erecting smaller markers, they finally put up this statue in 1986. The tribute to John C. McCoy, Alexander Majors, and Jim Bridger is the culmination of 75 years of pioneer commemoration efforts by Westport business leaders and residents.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Westport-Pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
136	Greg Todd	They Came to Stay	They Came to Stay	bronze	Sherman County Courthouse grounds	39.350941, -101.710171	39.350941	-101.710171	Goodland, KS	1987	1987	Culture Wars	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Kansas			done	Erected on the grounds of the Sherman County courthouse to mark the county's 1987 centennial. A pioneer man wearing a wide-brimmed hat squats down in his field, holding the rich soil in his proper right hand. Beside him stands his young wife. The wind sweeping the High Plains blows her long skirt and apron. Her right hand rests gently on her husband's shoulder, indicating her reliance on his strength. Her left hand holds tightly to one handle of their prominently featured walking plow. The man's hard work and ingenuity, combined with his wife's nurturance, enable them to survive and thrive on the soil that inspired the town's name of Goodland, Kansas.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/They-came-to-stay-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 8/15/19	yes
137	Harold T. Holden	Boomer	Boomer	bronze	Cherokee Strip Conference Center	36.395333, -97.879050	36.395333	-97.87905	Enid, OK	1987	1987	Culture Wars	Man			Oklahoma				Erected shortly before the centennial of the 1889 land run that opened Oklahoma to homesteading, Holden's Boomer depicts the Cherokee Strip land run as an explicitly masculine event. In contrast to Leonard McMurry’s 1959 Oklahoma City monument, which at a time of nationwide pioneer family commemoration presented land runs as an intergenerational project of laying down roots in the Oklahoma soil, Holden’s 1987 Boomer depicted a solo man on horseback racing to stake his claim. Holden’s dramatic scene emphasized the land runs as exciting adventures.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Enid-Boomer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	https://pioneermonuments.net/search-monuments/?Artist=Leonard%20McMurry		David Prescott
138	Claude Pomeroy	Mesa Pioneer Monument	Mesa Pioneer Monument / Pioneer Park Statue	bronze	Pioneer Park	33.415310, -111.819606	33.415310	-111.819606	Mesa, AZ	1988	1988	Culture Wars	Group		Park	Arizona	Mormon		done	Honors early white Mormon settlers in Mesa, Arizona. It was sculpted by Claude Pomeroy to ensure the park continued to commemorate early pioneers. The artist’s grandfather is one of the First Mesa Company leaders he depicted in the bronze grouping. They hold the tools they used to establish the town: a shovel, a level, a townsite map, and a gun. Behind them, an anonymous mother tends to her young son. The basket sitting beside her evokes the female settlers’ efforts feeding and tending to their children and to the male settlers.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mesa-Pioneers-famous-men-edited.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mesa-Pioneers-PM-edited.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry. 2/19	yes
139	Orville Quick	Pioneer Woman and Child	Pioneer Woman and Child	concrete	McCone County Museum	47.413693, -105.590447	47.413693	-105.590447	Circle, MT	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Woman		Museum	Montana			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Orville-Quick-PM-1.jpg		Pamela Pierce			Pamela Pierce
140	Lyndon Fayne Pomeroy	Pioneer Canal Digger	Pioneer Canal Digger	steel	Pioneer Park	44.017125, -107.956251	44.017125	-107.956251	Worland, WY	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Man		Park	Wyoming			needs blurb									Angie Urlacher
141	Michael Westergard	With Courage They Came	With Courage They Came	bronze	Sheridan County Civic Center	48.770327, -104.539134	48.770327	-104.539134	Plentywood, MT	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Family		Civic Center	Montana			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/With-Courage-They-Came-1.jpg		Pamela Pierce			Pamela Pierce
142	George O. Cornish	Pioneer Gratitude	Pioneer Gratitude	bronze	Hurricane Valley Heritage Park	37.176575, -113.288822	37.176575	-113.288822	Hurricane, UT	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Utah	Mormon		needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Hurricane-1.jpg		Joy Richie			Joy Richie
143	Dee Jay Bawden	Sons of Utah Pioneers	Sons of Utah Pioneers Pioneer Monument	bronze	Founders Park	40.920319, -111.878706	40.920319	-111.878706	Centerville City, UT	1990	1990	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Utah	Mormon		needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bawden-Centerville-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
144	Juan Lombardo-Rivera	Pioneer Woman	The Pioneer Woman	bronze	National Frontier Trails Museum	39.086795, -94.419227	39.086795	-94.419227	Independence, MO	1990	1990; stolen and destroyed 2013	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Museum	Missouri			done	Installed in the courtyard of the National Frontier Trails Museum when it opened in 1990. The tribute to frontier motherhood helped to historicize the new museum. At the time, some feared that the blue patina that the Mexican artist applied to the statue was too vivid, but Independence residents soon warmed to the work. Then the statue was stolen in 2013l the theives attempted to sell it as scrap metal. The city of Independence replaced it with a new "Pioneer Woman" sculpture by local artist Charles Goslin.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Rivera-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19 with 2016 replacement	yes
145	Pat Mathiesen	Spirit of the Frontier	Spirit of the Frontier	bronze	Frontier Village shopping center, Yavapai-Prescott Reservation	34.549235, -112.437700	34.549235	-112.437700	Prescott, AZ	1990	1990-2014	Culture Wars	Woman		Shopping Center	Arizona			done	Erected at the height of the "New Western History" on Yavapai reservation lands, this monument appears to depict indigenous and Anglo-American mothers as equals. But Mathiesen balanced inclusivity with more traditional pro-settler imagery. She paired a traditional pioneer mother and son with a Yavapai woman holding a baby. Yet the artist did not treat the two women equally. The white pioneer gazes confidently into the future, her hands resting proudly on the shoulders of her school-aged son. Like pioneer family monuments from the 1950s, the books clasped in his arm and proud expression on his face assure the viewer that the boy is preparing to lead the nation. In contrast, the indigenous mother gazes downward at her infant strapped tightly to a cradle board, suggesting the backwardness of cultural persistence. The wagon wheel standing between the Anglo and Indian figures visually ties them together, but also promises progress toward a more white and civilized future. The statue was removed a few years after the Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe acquired the shopping center in 2012.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Spirit-of-the-Frontier-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/spirit-of-frontier-missing-resized.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created and updated entry. 2/19-3/19	yes
146	Burke Rutherford	(Pioneer Woman)	(Pioneer Woman)	bronze with patina	Pioneer Park	44.016957, -107.956691	44.016957	-107.956691	Worland, WY	1992	1992	Culture Wars	Woman		Park	Wyoming			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Worland-PM-1.jpg		Angela Harrison-Urlacher	Another casting of this statue		Angie Urlacher
147	David Manuel	The Promised Land	The Promised Land	painted bronze	Chapman Square	45.515339, -122.677615	45.515339	-122.677615	Portland, OR	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Oregon			done	The Oregon Trail Coordinating Council commissioned this statue to mark the 150th anniversary of the overland trail in 1992. Outspoken Portlanders objected to the statue, arguing that it glorified white settlers’ seizure of native lands. But many smaller Pacific Northwest towns declared their desire to prominently display the controversial piece within their communities.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Promised-Land-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 6/20/19	yes
148	George Wayne Lundeen	Promise of the Prairie	Promise of the Prairie	bronze	Lincoln Park	40.424413, -104.693510	40.424413	-104.69351	Greeley, CO	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Colorado			done	Like other pioneer family monuments, this work presents a nuclear family as a vision and hope for the future. And like other pioneer family sculptures, it features a father dressed in overalls, a mother wearing a prairie-style gown and apron, and their young son. But this work strays from other pioneer family monuments in important ways. It emphasizes the married couple rather than the child, and gives the father a greater nurturing role. Most pioneer monuments place a school-aged son in front of his parents, preparing to lead them into the future. Mothers often gaze lovingly at a baby in their arms. In this work, in contrast, the father holds a preschool-aged boy. This emphasizes the father's nurturing role alongside his leadership. Both father and mother gaze into the distance, imagining their future. Rather than gripping books to prepare for the future, the young boy plays with his father's wide-brimmed hat. The boy is barefoot, which was typical for frontier children but is rarely seen in pioneer monuments. On this young boy, it further emphasizes his innocence.							created entry 9/4/19	no
149	George Wayne Lundeen	Promise of the Prairie	Promise of the Prairie	bronze	City Hall	39.862317, -105.048500	39.862317	-105.0485	Westminster, CO	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Family			Colorado			done	First piece of public art purchased for Westminster, Colorado, which is now home to more than 100 pieces of public sculpture. It features a father dressed in overalls, a mother wearing a prairie-style gown and apron, and their young son. Most pioneer family monuments place a school-aged son in front of his parents, preparing to lead them into the future. Mothers often gaze lovingly at a baby in their arms. In this work, in contrast, the father holds a preschool-aged boy. Both father and mother gaze into the distance, imagining their future. Rather than gripping books to prepare for the future, the young boy plays with his father's wide-brimmed hat. The boy is barefoot, which was typical for frontier children but is rarely seen in pioneer monuments. On this young boy, it further emphasizes his innocence.							created entry 9/4/19	yes
150	Bill Bennett	Hopes and Dreams	Hopes and Dreams	bronze	Noble County Courthouse grounds	36.286652, -97.286272	36.286652	-97.286272	Perry, OK	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Oklahoma			needs better	Depicts a settler couple atop a wagon or buggy racing to claim land as part an Oklahoma land rush.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Perry-side-cropped.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Perry-front-resized.jpg	David Prescott			David Prescott
151	Harold T. Holden	Holding the Claim	Holding the Claim	bronze	Government Springs Park	36.392773, -97.870809	36.39277	-97.870809	Enid, OK	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Man		Historic site	Oklahoma			needs better	Depicts a settler camped out with his horse to stake his land claim.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Enid-Holding-the-Claim-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
152	Jo Saylors	This Land is Mine	This Land is Mine / Centennial Statue	bronze	City Hall	36.703368, -97.078039	36.703368	-97.078039	Ponca City, OK	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Man			Oklahoma			done	Commemorates centennial of the Cherokee Strip Land Run. The original title of the work, "This Land is Mine," was stripped from the work in response to protest from the local Indian community.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/land-is-mine.jpg		David Prescott		included in museum site. needs improvement -- or build one on my website & point to it?	David Prescott
153	Dorothy L. Koelling	Hardship and Dreams	Hardship and Dreams	bronze	A. Price Woodard Park	37.683634, -97.342477	37.683634	-97.342477	Wichita, KS	1994	1989 design; installed 1994	Culture Wars	Woman			Kansas			done	This sunbonneted pioneer mother carrying a Bible and satchel and leading her young son by the hand echoes Bryant Baker's famous "Pioneer Woman" for Ponca City, Oklahoma. According to the dedication plaque, it "symbolizes the hardhip and dreams of early Wichita pioneers." It was given in memory of Eva M. and Will G. Price to recognize "their devotion and inspiration to the cultural and business life of Wichita." The statue stands in front of the civic center on the city's redeveloped riverfront, near statues of a Native American man holding a peace pipe, Lebanese immigrant Farris George Jabara, and a group of children at play representing America's future.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Hardship-and-Dreams-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 8/15/19	yes
154	Bernadette Hess Carman	Land of Hope	Land of Hope	bronze	County Courthouse grounds	36.881096, -97.053948	36.881096	-97.053948	Newkirk, OK	1994	1994	Culture Wars	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Oklahoma			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/land-of-hope-detail-cropped.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/land-of-hope-resized.jpg	David Prescott			David Prescott
155	Scott Stearman	Harvest Prayer	Harvest Prayer	bronze	MidAmerica Nazarene College campus	38.874243, -94.781752	38.874243	-94.781752	Olathe, KS	1994	1994	Culture Wars	Family		Campus	Kansas			done	Statue of pioneer family marks the junction of the Santa Fe and Oregon Trails. It depicts a man in frontier clothing kneeling in prayer. He holds a Bible in one hand, and his other hand rests on a walking plow. His wife stands beside him with her head bowed in prayer. She cradles their young son in one arm and rests the other hand on her husband's shoulder. This statue became a centerpoint of MidAmerica Nazarene University when erected in the campus Prayer Circle in 1994.			https://pioneermonuments.net/harvest-prayer-2mp/	https://pioneermonuments.net/harvest-prayer-plaque-2mp/	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19	yes
156	Burke Rutherford	(Pioneer Woman)	(Pioneer Woman)	bronze with patina	New Mexico Highlands University	35.595649, -105.219289	35.595649	-105.219289	Las Vegas, NM	1995	1995	Culture Wars	Woman		Campus	New Mexico			needs blurb							Another casting of this statue		no
157	Clifford J. Carlson	Promise of America	The Promise of America (Norwegian-American Immigrant Family Monument)	bronze	N. 3rd Ave. E. near Hwy 971	43.422450, -93.515367	43.422450	-93.515367	Lake Mills, IA	1995	1995	Heritage Tourism	Family			Iowa			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lake-Mills-Norwegian-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
158	Mike Cunningham	Walking to Texas	Walking to Texas	limestone	Liberty Plaza Park	32.939360, -97.078103	32.93936	-97.078105	Grapevine, TX	1996	1996	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman			Texas			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Grapevine-cropped.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Grapevine-closeup-resized.jpg	Anna Prescott			Anna Prescott
159	Franz and Nathan Johansen	Handcart Pioneer	(Handcart Pioneer Monument)	bronze	Mormon Trail Center at Winter Quarters	41.335337, -95.965064	41.335337	-95.965064	Florence, NE	1997	1997	Heritage Tourism	Family		Museum	Nebraska	Mormon		needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/WQ-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
160	Veryl Goodnight	No Turning Back	No Turning Back	bronze	Cheyenne Frontier Days Old West Museum	41.157503, -104.833810	41.157503	-104.833812	Cheyenne, WY	1997	1997	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Museum	Wyoming			done	Depicts a woman in calico dress standing in front of wagon wheel. Emphasizes frontier women's persistence. According to the artist, "[t]he only certainty on the trail west was once you began, there was 'no turning back'" (Veryl Goodnight, No Turning Back: The Art of Veryl Goodnight, 2011, 102).						Another casting of this statue in St. Joseph, Missouri		no	Other castings in Lincoln, NE, and courtyard of the Hirshfield-Moore House, corner West 9th and Lavaca sts, Austin.
161	Linda Sioux Henley	Texas Pioneer Woman	Texas Pioneer Woman	bronze	Capitol lawn	30.275600, -97.740549	30.275600	-97.740549	Austin, TX	1998	1998	Culture Wars	Woman		Capitol	Texas			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/TX-statehouse-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
162	Jay O'Meilia	Frontier Woman	Frontier Woman	bronze	Gilcrease Museum	36.173942, -96.020629	36.173942	-96.020629	Tulsa, OK	1998	1998	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Art museum	Oklahoma			needs blurb									no
163	Tom Otterness	Gold Rush	Gold Rush	bronze	Robert T. Matsui U.S. Courthouse	38.583355, -121.499305	38.583355	-121.499305	Sacramento, CA	1999	1999	Heritage Tourism	Family		Courthouse	California			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Gold-Rush-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Gold-Rush-wagon-1.jpg	Aimee Duchsherer			Aimee Duchsherer
164	Stanley J. Watts	Journey's End	Journey's End / Mormon Trail Monument / Handcart Monument	bronze	This is the Place Park	40.752574, -111.816556	40.752574	-111.816556	Salt Lake City, UT	1999	1999	Heritage Tourism	Family		Historic site / museum	Utah	Mormon		needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Journeys-End-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
165	D'Leanne Trueblood	Pioneer Classroom	Pioneer Classroom	bronze	Legacy Trail Park	35.220471, -97.443104	35.220471	-97.443104	Norman, OK	1999	1999	Culture Wars	Woman			Oklahoma			needs blurb									no
166	Veryl Goodnight	No Turning Back	No Turning Back	bronze	City Hall	39.768945, -94.846628	39.768945	-94.846628	St. Joseph, MO	1999	1999	Heritage Tourism	Woman		City hall	Missouri			done	Depicts a woman in calico dress standing in front of wagon wheel. Emphasizes frontier women's persistence. Accompanied by the text of a poem by the same title written by the sculptor. The final lines of the poem about young women on the trails westard declare, "There was absolutely/No Turning Back." A 1940 Pony Express Monument stands on the other side of City Hall.			https://pioneermonuments.net/no-turning-back-resized/	https://pioneermonuments.net/no-turning-back-fountain-resized/	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes	Other castings in Lincoln, NE, and courtyard of the Hirshfield-Moore House, corner West 9th and Lavaca sts, Austin.
167	Jim Thomas	The Crossing	The Crossing	bronze	Chisholm Trail Crossing Park	30.511995, -97.689545	30.511995	-97.689545	Round Rock, TX	2000	2000	Heritage Tourism	Group		Historic site	Texas			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Round-Rock-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Round-Rock-cow-swedish-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
168	Stanley J. Watts	Handcart Pioneers	Handcart Pioneers	bronze	Coralville Marriott	41.681759, -91.559271	41.681759	-91.559271	Coralville, IA	2000	circa 2000	Heritage Tourism	Family			Iowa	Mormon		needs better	Copy after Torleif Knaphus Handcart Pioneer Monument			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/marriott-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
169	Kwan Wu	Children of the Trails	Children of the Trails	bronze	Johnson County Courthouse grounds	38.882030, -94.820076	38.88203	-94.820076	Olathe, KS	2000	2000	Heritage Tourism	Other		Courthouse	Kansas			done	This bronze sculpture is dedicated to all of the children whose lives were lost due to the harsh conditions on the overland journeys westward. It was sculpted by Kansas City artist Kwan Wu. A pioneer boy, a girl and their dog run through an arch. A rainbow floats above them and doves fly overhead. Rocks in the fountain beneath them represent the streams that children crossed on the overland trail. Sculptor Kwan Wu was born and trained in China, but since immigrating to the United States and settling in the Kansas City area he has sculpted two major works depicting the western trails for Olathe, Kansas. The other is "Going West on the Old Santa Fe Trail."			https://pioneermonuments.net/olathe-kids-front-view-2mp/	https://pioneermonuments.net/olathe-kids-plaque-2mp/	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19	yes
170	Trygve A. Rovelstad	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family Memorial	bronze	Kimball St. Bridge	42.041485, -88.288739	42.041485	-88.288739	Elgin, IL	2001	designed 1935; erected 2001	Heritage Tourism	Family			Illinois			done	Commissioned in 1935 to celebrate Elgin, Illinois' centennial, but fundraising efforts stalled during the Great Depression. The city later decided to erect a log cabin replica instead. The artist struggled throughout his lifetime to raise funds for a heroic-sized bronze casting. He completed the design with the assistance of his daughter, Annie Rovelstad-Lucky, in 1985. It was cast and erected after the artist's death as part of Elgin's riverfront redevelopment in 2001.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elgin-setting-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
171	Jerry Anderson	Pioneer Mother Monument	Pioneer Mother Monument	bronze	Historic Relief Society Hall	37.130033, -113.513413	37.130033	-113.513413	Washington, UT	2001	2001	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Historic site	Utah	Mormon		needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Washington-City-1.jpg		Joy Richie			Joy Richie
172	Mischell Riley	Stella at the Spring	Stella at the Spring	bronze	Roger T. Sermon Community Center	39.092670, -94.411288	39.09267	-94.411288	Independence, MO	2001	2001	Heritage Tourism	Woman			Missouri			done	A young pioneer woman carrying a bucket gazes off in the distance toward a companion piece, Mischell Riley's A Young Native American.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Stella-2mp-e1566836154457.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Young-Native-American.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19	yes
173	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Oregon Trail Historic Reserve Park	43.542328, -116.109525	43.542328	-116.109525	Boise, ID	2002	1924; erected 2002	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman		Historic site	Idaho			done	Avard Tennyson Fairbanks sculpted the Old Oregon Trail medallion in 1924 while teaching art at the University of Oregon. It depicts the hardships that the artist's ancestors and nearly 500,000 others experienced while traveling westward on the overland trail by covered wagon in the mid-19th century. One 1852 migrant, Ezra Meeker, traveled back eastward along the trail in 1906 to seek the preservation of the Oregon Trail route. His efforts inspired Avard Fairbanks to sculpt this 36-inch bronze medallion. The medallion depicts a man driving the team of oxen that pull the covered wagon over rocky terrain. His wife rides inside the wagon, holding their infant child. Fairbanks' depiction of the trail experience was shaped as much by popular culture at the time of its sculpting as by historical reality. In fact, women and children typically walked along beside the wagons to spare their teams, particularly on rough terrain. Fairbanks' depiction of trail life appears to have been influenced by W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 illustration Madonna of the Prairie. Koerner’s illustration was used as the cover image for Emerson Hough’s popular novel The Covered Wagon. Koerner’s instantly popular illustration portrayed the beautiful young heroine seated on a wagon box with the opening of the wagon cover forming a halo around her face. Koerner’s illustrations inspired the costuming for a silent film adaptation of Hough’s novel, which became the first western “epic” film. In the year before The Covered Wagon movie was released, only fifty identifiable western films had been made; in the year following its release, 150 westerns were made – and the industry maintained that level of production until it was eclipsed by television in the 1950s. Adaptations of Koerner’s covered wagon imagery pervaded the massive advertising for the movie. This gave Madonna of the Prairie a significant role in shaping public perceptions of settler women. It also appears to have shaped Avard Fairbanks’ conception of pioneer women in this medallion and in other pioneer monuments that he sculpted over the next 50 years. Fairbanks’ Old Oregon Trail design was originally cast in bronze for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon. He reproduced the scene, renamed The Pioneer Mothers, for installation on the reverse of his 1928 Pioneer Mother statue for Vancouver, Washington. In more recent years, Old Oregon Trail has been recast for Oregon Trail jumping-off point Independence, Missouri, and to mark trail ruts at this location in Boise, Idaho. This casting of Old Oregon Trail was donated by the artist’s grandson, Jeff Fairbanks, and his wife Diane, both residents of the Boise area. It was dedicated April 24, 2002. The artist's descendants also helped erect another casting of the medallion in West Boise in 2008.		blue				W.H.D. Koerner, Madonna of the Prairie	created entry 6/20/19	no
174	David Alan Clark	Spirit of the Prairie	Spirit of the Prairie	bronze	Town Square	42.025775, -88.082205	42.025775	-88.082205	Schaumburg, IL	2002	2002	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman		Shopping center	Illinois			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Schaumburg-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
175	David Nunneley	Pioneer Family	(Pioneer Family)	bronze?	Centennial Park	36.052259, -95.791194	36.052259	-95.791194	Broken Arrow, OK	2002	2002	Heritage Tourism	Family			Oklahoma			done	Like other postwar pioneer family monuments, this statue features a young boy standing in front of his parents, prepared to lead them into the future. The Centennial Commemorative Statue Committee selected the piece because it “combined all the things that have made Broken Arrow a booming community—family, tradition, farming, heritage and hard work,” and even included a nod to the area’s Native American heritage. But wedding a meek Indian maiden to a strong white farmer gives an illusion of equality, while actually depicting the white takeover of Native lands and cultures. The large book that the Native woman carries suggests her embrace of the twin blessings of Euro-American education and Christianity carried West by white pioneer women. Yet her knee-length fringed buckskin dress and moccasins and the two braids hanging down below her shoulders mark the limits of her assimilation. In contrast, her husband’s cowboy boots and hat demonstrate his hardy white masculinity. Rather than embracing one another in marital unity, they stand apart, their arms crossing behind the boy as each separately guides their young son forward. The ripe peaches in the father’s bucket and the robust rooster in the boy’s arms symbolize local white agricultural industries.								no
176	Reynaldo Rivera with Richard Botkovetz	Journey's End	Journey's End / End of the Santa Fe Trail	bronze	entrance to Museum Hill	35.668253, -105.925234	35.668253	-105.925234	Santa Fe, NM	2002	2002	Heritage Tourism	Other			New Mexico			done	56-foot-long bronze monument depicts an outrider, mule skinner and lead wagon in Santa Fe Trail caravan. Men, women, children--including a Pueblo woman and Hispanic boy--and their pets greet the caravan. Funded by Scenic Byway grant to preserve Santa Fe Trail, City of Santa Fe 1% for the Public Art fund and Capital Improvements program; the Museum of New Mexico provided land near trail ruts.								no
177	Blair Buswell and Edward Fraughton	Pioneer Courage	Pioneer Courage	bronze	Pioneer Courage Park	41.260879, -95.935205	41.260879	-95.935205	Omaha, NE	2003	2003	Heritage Tourism	Group			Nebraska			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/pioneer-courage-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/pioneer-courage-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
178	Tom Otterness	Large Covered Wagon	Large Covered Wagon	bronze	Joslyn Art Museum	41.260399, -95.944953	41.260399	-95.944953	Omaha, NE	2004	2004	Heritage Tourism	Family		Art museum	Nebraska			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Otterness-wagon-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Otterness-wagon-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
179	Patrick Oliphant	Angelina Eberly	Angelina Eberly	bronze	downtown	30.268068,-97.742813	30.268068	-97.742813	Austin, TX	2004	2004	Heritage Tourism	Woman			Texas			done	Innkeeper Angelina Eberly is credited with saving the Texas capital at Austin. In 1842 alerted citizen vigilantes about a group of Texas Rangers' efforts to move the state archives, which many feared would lead to relocating the republic's capital. Her warning cannon shot blew a hole in the wall of the General Land Office. This monument celebrates her contribution, but its comedic style also mocks the damage she wreaked during the so-called Archive War.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Eberly-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
180	Veryl Goodnight	No Turning Back	No Turning Back	bronze	downtown 12th street arts corridor	40.815806, -96.704229	40.815806	-96.704229	Lincoln, NE	2004	sculpted 1993; installed 2004	Heritage Tourism	Woman			Nebraska			done	Sculpture of woman in calico dress standing in front of wagon wheel. Title and image emphasize frontier women's persistence. Installed in downtown Lincoln's 12th Street Arts Corridor with other works depicting US westward migration. Donated by Bill and Sandra Condon of Sterling, Colorado.						Another casting of this statue in St. Joseph, Missouri
181	Chris L. Waddell	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	bronze	Herriman City Cemetery	40.524193, -112.034230	40.52419	-112.034232	Herriman, UT	2005	2005	Heritage Tourism	Family		Cemetery	Utah			needs blurb							Another casting of this statue in Springville, Utah		no
182	Harriet Lee	Follow the Setting Sun	Follow the Setting Sun	stainless steel	Pioneer Museum grounds	38.830390, -104.822543	38.830390	-104.822543	Colorado Springs, CO	2005	2005	Heritage Tourism	Other		Museum	Colorado			done	In 1997, local civic groups persuaded the El Paso County Pioneers Association to abandon their plans to commission "a rather traditional piece, featuring a family portrayed next to a prairie schooner" cast from concrete. Local residents compromised on a local artist's design featuring a sixteen-foot-tall stainless steel pyramid imprinted with a series of images telling the history of the Pike's Peak region. Artist Harriet Lee explained, "I wanted to capture the pioneer spirit, but I wanted a more contemporary piece as opposed to a Conestoga wagon." Engravings on the pyramid include images of indigenous peoples, the Air Force Academy, and cell phones, but the primary focus is on white frontier stories, in keeping with the Pioneers Museum's focus.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Follow-the-Setting-Sun-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		added to CSPM entry 9.4.19	yes
183	David Frech	Pioneer Woman and Child	Pioneer Woman and Child	bronze	Lovett Memorial Library	35.5376406,-100.9586196	35.5376406	-100.9586196	Pampa, TX	2005	2005	Culture Wars	Woman		Library	Texas			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Pampa-PM-1.jpg		Anna Prescott			Anna Prescott
184	Chris L. Waddell	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	bronze	City Park	40.166495, -111.610879	40.166495	-111.610879	Springville, UT	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Family		Park	Utah	Mormon		needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Springville-PFam-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
185	Tom Otterness	Large Covered Wagon	Large Covered Wagon	bronze	Pioneer Park	46.066264, -118.316816	46.066264	-118.316816	Walla Walla, WA	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Family		Park	Washington			needs blurb									no
186	Charles Goslin	Dick Williams, Wagon Master	Dick Williams, Wagon Master	concrete and bronze	Pioneer Crossing Park	39.014411, -94.706410	39.014411	-94.70641	Shawnee, KS	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Man			Kansas			done	A limestone and bronze portrait of wagon master Richard “Dick” Williams. Williams first came to Johnson County in the 1850s as a government surveyor. He then worked as a “wagonmaster” escorting wagon trains from Kansas City to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and other destinations in the western United States. This sculpture accompanies a life-sized depiction of a wagon train by the same artist.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-master-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		included in Pioneer Crossing Park entry	yes
187	Charles Goslin	Pioneer Crossing	(Pioneer Crossing)	brick and bronze with patina	Pioneer Crossing Park	39.014411, -94.706410	39.014411	-94.70641	Shawnee, KS	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Group			Kansas			done	This park was created as a sesquicentennial project for the town of Shawnee in 2006. It commemorates Shawnee’s place on the mid-19th-century Santa Fe, Oregon, and California wagon trails and Fort Leavenworth Military Road. It features two sculptures by local artist Charles Goslin depicting that history. Goslin’s original wagon train sculpture was reproduced in life size for this park. Most of the work is a stone relief of covered wagons driven by men and boys. At the front is a freestanding bronze oxen team. A bronze pioneer mother accompanies the relief. Near the wagon train installation stands a limestone and bronze portrait of wagon master Richard “Dick” Williams, who worked on the Santa Fe Trail. Some Shawnee residents questioned spending close to $1 million on the 2.2 acre park and stone and bronze sculptures. The park is a narrow wedge of land in a commercial district that was once a used car lot.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-train-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-train-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19 as Pioneer Crossing Park	yes
188	Harold T. Holden	The Homesteaders	The Homesteaders	bronze	Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center	36.391076, -97.873226	36.391076	-97.873226	Enid, OK	2007	2007	Heritage Tourism	Family		Museum	Oklahoma			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Enid-Homesteaders-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
189	Jim Dodson?	Oklahoma Centennial	Oklahoma Centennial		Pioneer Park	36.709416, -97.078080	36.709416	-97.07808	Ponca City, OK	2007	2007	New Directions	Other		Park	Oklahoma			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Oklahoma-Centennial.jpg		David Prescott			David Prescott
190	Jim Dodson?	Oklahoma Centennial	Oklahoma Centennial		Eastman National Bank	36.88223333, -97.05341667	36.88223333	-97.05341667	Newkirk, OK	2007	2007	New Directions	Other		Bank	Oklahoma			needs blurb							Another installation of this sculpture in Ponca City, Oklahoma		David Prescott
191	Paul Moore	Brand New State	Brand New State / Centennial Land Run Monument	bronze	Bricktown Canal	35.461063, -97.505173	35.461063	-97.505173	Oklahoma City, OK	2007	2007	Heritage Tourism	Group			Oklahoma			needs blurb				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Brand-New-State-front-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Brand-New-State-rear-resized.jpg	Anna Prescott			David Prescott
192	Calvin L. Graybill	Pioneer Man and Woman	(Pioneer Man and Woman)	granite	Courthouse Square Park	36.803953, -98.664732	36.803953	-98.664732	Alva, OK	2007	2007	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Oklahoma			needs blurb									David Prescott???
193	Robert Summers	Barnards of the Brazos	Barnards of the Brazos -- First Family of Glen Rose	bronze	Historic Courthouse Square	32.234934, -97.755582	32.234934	-97.755582	Glen Rose, TX	2007	2007	New Directions	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Texas			done	An interpretive plaque for this 2007 monument to Glen Rose's founding couple by local artist Robert Summers explains that Charles Barnard, a white New Englander came to the Republic of Texas in 1843 to establish American Indian trading posts. Barnard ransomed and then fell in love with Juana Cavasos, the daughter of a wealthy family, rescuing her from the Comanches who held her captive. That “spirited, intelligent young captive … proved to be … an outstanding mother, horsewoman, herbal doctor, and neighborhood midife.” The monument attempts to tell inclusive local history and celebrate strong women. Yet the story of Glen Rose’s “first family” actually serves to reinforce traditional racial and gender narratives: A white settler came to profit off local Indians. In the absence of Anglo-American women, he “bartered successfully” for and married the Mexican-born daughter of a large “Spanish” landholder, simultaneously saving her from barbarous Indian captivity--and gained access to a large Mexican land grant on which his African-American slaves labored.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Glen-Rose-resized.jpg		Anna Prescott			Anna Prescott
194	Mary Lou Gresham	Leaping into History	Leaping into History	bronze	Festival Market Place Plaza	35.654069, -97.482691	35.654069	-97.482691	Edmond, OK	2007	2007	New Directions	Woman			Oklahoma			needs blurb									no
195	Richard Becker	Pioneers	The Pioneers	bronze	Old Poway Park	32.970100, -117.036883	32.970100	-117.036883	Poway, CA	2007	2007	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Museum	California			needs blurb									no
196	Kwan Wu	Old Santa Fe Trail	Going West on the Old Santa Fe Trail / Two Trails	bronze	Mahaffie Stagecoach Stop and Farm	38.892670, -94.797945	38.89267	-94.797945	Olathe, KS	2008	2008	New Directions	Group		Museum	Kansas			done	To mark its 150th anniversary, the town of Olathe constructed a 10,000-square-foot Heritage Center to accompany the Mahaffie Stagecoach Stop and Farm historic site. It also erected this 60-foot-long bronze stagecoach relief by local artist Kwan Wu.It features full scale bronze relief of stagecoach and passengers against a concrete backdrop. Stand-alone figures of horses, a woman and young boy emerge from the relief. Sculptor Kwan Wu was born and trained in China, but immigrated to the United States in 1988. Wu’s stagecoach scene is far more diverse than most pioneer monuments. It reflects the ethnic diversity of the 19th-century American West. Wu relied on historic photographs and photos of reproduction clothing and a stagecoach as he sculpted the scene. Fifteen characters represent men, women, and children of different ethnicities traveling on the stagecoach. A Latino man and African-American couple sit on the roof of the crowded stagecoach. A Native American woman and her dog wave farewell to the travelers while birds fly overhead. The sculpture was funded by private donations to mark Olathe’s 150th anniversary. It was dedicated August 14, 2008.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Olathe-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Olathe-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
197	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	commercial district near Staples	43.662800, -116.354950	43.662800	-116.354950	Boise, ID	2008	1924; erected 2008	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman		Historic site	Idaho			done	Avard Tennyson Fairbanks sculpted the Old Oregon Trail medallion in 1924 while teaching art at the University of Oregon. It depicts the hardships that the artist's ancestors and nearly 500,000 others experienced while traveling westward on the overland trail by covered wagon in the mid-19th century. One 1852 migrant, Ezra Meeker, traveled back eastward along the trail in 1906 to seek the preservation of the Oregon Trail route. His efforts inspired Avard Fairbanks to sculpt this 36-inch bronze medallion. The medallion depicts a man driving the team of oxen that pull the covered wagon over rocky terrain. His wife rides inside the wagon, holding their infant child. Fairbanks' depiction of the trail experience was shaped as much by popular culture at the time of its sculpting as by historical reality. In fact, women and children typically walked along beside the wagons to spare their teams, particularly on rough terrain. Fairbanks' depiction of trail life appears to have been influenced by W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 illustration Madonna of the Prairie. Koerner’s illustration was used as the cover image for Emerson Hough’s popular novel The Covered Wagon. Koerner’s instantly popular illustration portrayed the beautiful young heroine seated on a wagon box with the opening of the wagon cover forming a halo around her face. Koerner’s illustrations inspired the costuming for a silent film adaptation of Hough’s novel, which became the first western “epic” film. In the year before The Covered Wagon movie was released, only fifty identifiable western films had been made; in the year following its release, 150 westerns were made – and the industry maintained that level of production until it was eclipsed by television in the 1950s. Adaptations of Koerner’s covered wagon imagery pervaded the massive advertising for the movie. This gave Madonna of the Prairie a significant role in shaping public perceptions of settler women. It also appears to have shaped Avard Fairbanks’ conception of pioneer women in this medallion and in other pioneer monuments that he sculpted over the next 50 years. Fairbanks’ Old Oregon Trail design was originally cast in bronze for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon. He reproduced the scene, renamed The Pioneer Mothers, for installation on the reverse of his 1928 Pioneer Mother statue for Vancouver, Washington. In more recent years, Old Oregon Trail has been recast for Oregon Trail jumping-off point Independence, Missouri, and two locations in Boise, Idaho. This casting of Old Oregon Trail was erected by the artist’s descendants in cooperation with Staples, the Idaho and Northwest chapters of the Oregon-California Trails Association, and E Clampus Vitus, Snake River Outpost No. 1811 of Lucinda J. Saunders Chapter No. 1881. It was dedicated August 5, 2008.		blue				W.H.D. Koerner, Madonna of the Prairie	created entry 6/20/19	no
198	Jim Hauser	Germans from Russia	Germans from Russia	bronze	Esplanade Arts & Heritage Centre	50.040067, -110.680450	50.040067	-110.680450	Medicine Hat, AB	2011	2011	New Directions	Man and Woman		Museum	Alberta			needs blurb									no
199	Ron Adamson	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	bronze	Everit L. Sliter Memorial Park	48.064056, -114.078289	48.064056	-114.078289	Bigfork, MT	2011	2011	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Park	Montana			needs blurb									Thor Skjelver
200	Veryl Goodnight	A New Beginning	A New Beginning	bronze	Cheyene Depot Museum	41.131829, -104.814684	41.131829	-104.814684	Cheyenne, WY	2011	2011	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Museum	Wyoming			done	Wyoming Territory granted women the right to vote in 1869, and confirmed that right on statehood in 1890. "A New Beginning" celebrates western womens empowerment in the 1890s. Cheyenne, Wyoming, purchased the first monumental sized casting of this sculpture to celebrate the state's 1890 entrance into the Union as the first woman suffrage state.						https://www.loc.gov/item/2015632904/		no
201	Veryl Goodnight	A New Beginning	A New Beginning	bronze	History Colorado Center	39.735354, -104.986828	39.735354	-104.986828	Denver, CO	2012	2012	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Museum	Colorado			done	Colorado became the first state in the Union to give women the right to vote in a popular election in 1893. "A New Beginning" represents western women's empowerment women in the 1890s.						https://www.loc.gov/item/2015632904/		yes
202	Debbie Gessner	Not-So-Gentle Tamer	Not-So-Gentle Tamer	bronze	Prescott Valley Civic Center plaza	34.594732, -112.333754	34.594732	-112.333754	Prescott Valley, AZ	2013	2013	New Directions	Woman		Civic center	Arizona			done	Based on the painting by Bob Boze Bell, this monument was created to celebrate Arizona's centennial. According to Bell, pioneer women tamed the West and the men of Arizona. Those working to erect this monument in 2013 ignored the more culturally inclusive monument at a nearby shopping center.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/not-so-gentle-tamer-closeup-resized.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	Pat Mathiesen, Spirit of the Frontier		yes
203	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Historic Truman Courthouse	39.092400, -94.416393	39.092400	-94.416393	Independence, MO	2016	1924; erected 2016	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Missouri			done	Avard Tennyson Fairbanks sculpted the Old Oregon Trail medallion in 1924 while teaching art at the University of Oregon. It depicts the hardships that the artist's ancestors and nearly 500,000 others experienced while traveling westward on the overland trail by covered wagon in the mid-19th century. One 1852 migrant, Ezra Meeker, traveled back eastward along the trail in 1906 to seek the preservation of the Oregon Trail route. His efforts inspired Avard Fairbanks to sculpt this 36-inch bronze medallion. The medallion depicts a man driving the team of oxen that pull the covered wagon over rocky terrain. His wife rides inside the wagon, holding their infant child. Fairbanks' depiction of the trail experience was shaped as much by popular culture at the time of its sculpting as by historical reality. In fact, women and children typically walked along beside the wagons to spare their teams, particularly on rough terrain. Fairbanks' depiction of trail life appears to have been influenced by W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 illustration Madonna of the Prairie. Koerner’s illustration was used as the cover image for Emerson Hough’s popular novel The Covered Wagon. Koerner’s instantly popular illustration portrayed the beautiful young heroine seated on a wagon box with the opening of the wagon cover forming a halo around her face. Koerner’s illustrations inspired the costuming for a silent film adaptation of Hough’s novel, which became the first western “epic” film. In the year before The Covered Wagon movie was released, only fifty identifiable western films had been made; in the year following its release, 150 westerns were made – and the industry maintained that level of production until it was eclipsed by television in the 1950s. Adaptations of Koerner’s covered wagon imagery pervaded the massive advertising for the movie. This gave Madonna of the Prairie a significant role in shaping public perceptions of settler women. It also appears to have shaped Avard Fairbanks’ conception of pioneer women in this medallion and in other pioneer monuments that he sculpted over the next 50 years. Fairbanks’ Old Oregon Trail design was originally cast in bronze for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon. He reproduced the scene, renamed The Pioneer Mothers, for installation on the reverse of his 1928 Pioneer Mother statue for Vancouver, Washington. In more recent years, Old Oregon Trail has been recast for Oregon Trail jumping-off point Independence, Missouri, and two locations in Boise, Idaho. The artist’s son, David Fairbanks, donated this casting of the medallion to the Independence-based Oregon-California Trails Association (OCTA). Two decades later, the OCTA and Jackson County, Missouri, installed the medallion onto an existing 1948 Oregon Trail marker on the lawn of the Historic Truman Courthouse on June 7, 2016. The dedication ceremony also honored the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Old-Oregon-Trail-Independence-2mp.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/1948-marker-ATF-Old-Ore-Trail-added-2mp-e1566834898465.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	W.H.D. Koerner, Madonna of the Prairie	created entry 6/20/19	yes
204	Charles Goslin	Pioneer Woman	(Pioneer Woman)	bronze	National Frontier Trails Museum	39.087203, -94.419486	39.087203	-94.419486	Independence, MO	2016	2016	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Museum	Missouri			done	Chosen to replace Juan Lombardo-Rivera's "Pioneer Woman" bronze, which was stolen and destroyed in 2013. This version lacks the blue patina that appeared on Lombardo-Rivera's "Pioneer Woman" and that Goslin used for a similar pioneer woman sculpture in nearby Shawnee, Kansas.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/New-PM-Natl-Frontier-Trails-Museum-2mp-e1566835275389.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19 with original 1990 statue	David Prescott
205	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer Mike	Pioneer Mike / Carter Memorial Fountain / Iron Mike	bronze	Ashland Plaza	42.197268, -122.715363	42.197268	-122.715363	Ashland, OR	2016	2016	Heritage Tourism	Man			Oregon			needs better blurb	Bronze recasting of the 1910 zinc monument damaged by vandalism.							included in earlier Pioneer Mike entry	no
206	George W. Lundeen	Harvest Dreams	Harvest Dreams	bronze	Nebraska Prairie Museum	40.462263, -99.379275	40.462263	-99.379275	Holdredge, NE	2016	2016	Heritage Tourism	Family		Museum	Nebraska			needs better blurb	Erected by Citizens for Bronze Art.								no?
207	Kwan Wu	Chouteau & Native American Heritage	Francois Chouteau & Native American Heritage Fountain	bronze	Chouteau Greenway	39.165186, -94.532759	39.165186	-94.532759	Kansas City, MO	2021	2021	New Directions	Group						done	Erected to mark the Missouri Bicentennial. Depicts French fur trader Francois Chouteau and the Native peoples with whom he established a trading post at what would become Kansas City. Chouteau, dressed in a top hat, long coat, and trousers, raises a cane in his proper left hand. He faces an Osage man dressed in robes and a bear claw necklace. Both men raise their rear hands, suggesting that they are negotiating trade terms. They stand on a large boulder. A Kansa hunter stands over his prey at ground level nearby. And Osage woman stood behind the male Osage trader in summer 2021. That sculpture was stolen, disassembled, and sold for scrap soon after its installation. It was restored and reinstalled with coloration applied to the woman's face and hands in 2022.								no


1	Artist	shortSculptureTitle	Sculpture Title	Material	Location	GPS Coordinates	Lat	Lon	City	Date	Display Date	Era	Design	Infant?	Bible or Rifle?	Site	State	Mormon?	Centennial?	Native Americans included?	Description	Longer Analysis	theme	Image 1	Image 2	Photo Credit	See Also	Clio	Visited?
2									New Ulm, MN	1891	1891	Early Monuments					Minnesota
3	Karl Gerhardt	Pioneer Statuary Group	Pioneer Statuary Group	bronze	Iowa Capitol grounds	41.590865, -93.605441	41.590865,	-93.605441	Des Moines, IA	1892	1892	Early Monuments	Group (men)	N/A		Capitol	Iowa			man	This early pioneer monument's design called for "a group consisting of father and son guided by a friendly Indian in search of a home."			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Des-Moines-Pioneer-1.jpg		David Culver			David Culver
4	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	zinc	Lake Avenue and Lakeshore Drive	42.636630, -95.201001	42.63663	-95.201001	Storm Lake, IA	1912	1912-1972	Early Monuments	Man	N/A			Iowa			no	Copy of Newman's 1903 Pioneer for Salem, Oregon, donated by the Tuesday Club in 1912. The statue suffered repeated vandalism, and was finally removed in 1972. It was replaced in 1974 with a bronze replica, paid for by funds raised for the town's centennial.								destroyed
5	Frederick Hibbard	Pioneer	Pioneer / Corn Planter	bronze	University of Kansas campus	38.956354, -95.243095	38.956354	-95.243095	Lawrence, KS	1904	1904; erected 1916	Early Monuments	Man	N/A	Shovel	Campus	Kansas			no	Depicts a white man working with a shovel. Physician and real estate speculator Simeon Bell purchased this sculpture, originally called "The Corn Planter," at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. He donated it to the University of Kansas in hopes that it would help future generations understand the challenges that early Kansas settlers faced. It remained in storage until 1916, when it became the first work of statuary installed on that campus. It has been moved several times as the campus has changed.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Corn-Planter-2mp-e1566835016152.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
6	Paul Fjelde	Mormon Trail Memorial	Mormon Trail Memorial	bronze	Bayliss Park	41.25975, -95.85175	41.25975	-95.85175	Council Bluffs, IA	1918	1918	Early Monuments	Family	infant		Park	Iowa	Mormon		no	The Daughters of the American Revolution erected several bas relief plaques mounted on boulders to mark western migration routes in the early 20th century. This one marks the end of the Mormon Trail through Iowa. Paul Fjelde depicted a man and his son driving an ox team that draws a covered wagon. A pioneer woman rides in the wagon, holding an infant. This imagery was typical of DAR and other overland trail monuments in the 1910s and 1920s. The armed man on horseback echoes contemporaneous monuments to solo pioneer men conquering the wilderness, such as the 1919 Pioneer on the University of Oregon campus.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Council-Bluffs-DAR-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	A. Phimister Proctor, The Pioneer		yes
7	Merrell Gage	Daughters of Old Westport	Daughters of Old Westport Memorial	bronze	near Pioneer Park	39.054363, -94.591068	39.054363	-94.591068	Westport, MO	1920	1920	Early Monuments	Woman	infant	Rifle		Missouri			man on dedication plaque	To mark the 1912 centennial of the Santa Fe Trail, a group of Westport businessmen formed the Westport Improvement Association. The Improvement Association sought to install a monument to that trail in Westport, Missouri. The men worked with the Kansas City Historical Society, the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Daughters of the Confederacy, other genealogical organizations, and the National Old Trails Road Association to raise money for a Pioneer Monument Fund. Together these voluntary organizations hosted a Santa Fe Trail and Battle of Westport Reunion and Carnival. They envisioned a life-sized stone sculpture including five yoke of oxen and a “prairie schooner with wagon-master and bull-whackers and the faithful dog in the rear.”1 They planned to install it at the site of the City Hall of Westport, which stood on the Santa Fe Trail route. Plans for a stone sculpture depicting commercial traffic over the Santa Fe Trail soon faded. But while the other organizations involved in the centennial event soon turned toward other projects, the Daughters of Old Westport were determined to erect a pioneer monument in their community. The Daughters of Old Westport was a group of neighborhood women descended from the earliest settlers of the town. They ran a doll booth to raise money for a carnival at the Westport reunion. Their $181 in profit became the start of an eight-year fundraising campaign. Instead of a life-sized stone sculpture, the Daughters of Old Westport settled on a more modest design. It was similar to those erected by the Daughters of the American Revolution in this era. The Westport women installed two bronze bas relief plaques on a large boulder, which they placed in the heart of Westport’s historic business district. Instead of celebrating the men who hauled goods between Missouri and New Mexico, the Daughters of Old Westport commemorated the first women who settled in their town. Sculptor Merrell Gage’s central bas relief depicts a white mother with her two young children. She holds a rifle to defend her children against wild animals and the Native Americans these white settlers displaced. Text in the upper right corner dedicates it “To the Pioneer Mother.” On the back of the boulder, an accompanying dedication plaque features a male trapper and American Indian reminiscent of those that appeared in earlier pioneer monuments elsewhere in the American West. The Daughters of Old Westport Memorial was one of the first monuments to pioneer women erected in the United States. Dozens more would follow later in the 1920s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Gage-Westport-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Gage-Westport-PM-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	Avard T. Fairbanks, The Pioneer Mothers	created entry 7/23/19	yes
8	Myra Reynolds Richards	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	limestone	Fountain Square, Indianapolis	39.752165, -86.139814	39.752165	-86.139814	Indianapolis, IN	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Family	Bible	Bible		Indiana			no	A pioneer mother clutching a Bible to her heart leads her family in this sculpture that topped the eponymous fountain in Indianapolis' Fountain Square. The duaghter carries a distaff and flax, a reference to 19th-century mythology that inaccurately remembered frontier women as having been active in making homespun cloth. Indianapolis socialite Phoebe Hill commissioned local female artist Myra Reynolds Richards to sculpt this pioneer family to top a fountain memorial to her husband, prominent lawyer and politician Ralph Hill. In the early 20th century, wealthy donors gave elaborate public fountains with large basins for watering horses like this one to cities across the country. Such fountains could simultaneously beautify the city and improve conditions for work animals. They soon became obsolete as automobiles replaced horses in the 1920s and 1930s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Indy-fountain-square-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
9	Hermon Atkins McNeil	Marquette Monument	Marquette Monument	bronze	Emerald Necklace	41.84793409194334, -87.69889761192259	41.84793409	-87.69889761	Chicago, IL	1926	1926	Pioneer Mother Movement	Men	N/A		Park	Illinois			yes	Statue of Jesuit Catholic priest and missionary Jacques Marquette, accompanied by an Algonquin man and a French soldier, Marquette's traveling companion Louis Jolliet. The anonymous Algonquin man was intended to represent the many Native peoples that Marquette claimed to have befriended. Over 15,000 schoolchildren signed a petition requesting a monument to the missionary and explorer. Ill with dysentery, Marquette spent the winter of 1674 at a portage site between the Mississippi River system and the Great Lakes--the future site of Chicago. Some claim this makes him the first European resident of Chicago.								no
10	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	National Road Commons Park	39.924771, -83.811197	39.924771	-83.811197	Springfield, OH	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Rifle		Ohio			no	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/OH-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry	yes
11	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Glen Miller Park	39.830476, -84.872207	39.830476	-84.872207	Richmond, IN	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Rifle		Indiana			no	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Richmond-IN-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
12	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Old State House grounds	38.960808, -89.094444	38.960808	-89.094444	Vandalia, IL	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Rifle	Historic site	Illinois			no	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Vandalia-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
13	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Downtown above Missouri River	39.186581, -93.886154	39.186581	-93.886154	Lexington, MO	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Rifle		Missouri			no	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lexington-MO-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/29/19	yes
14	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Corner of Main St. (US 56) & N. Union St. (KS-177)	38.662048, -96.486885	38.662048	-96.486885	Council Grove, KS	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Rifle	Historic site	Kansas			no	In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.		yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KS-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/29/19	yes
15	Nancy Coonsman Hahn	Memorial to Pioneer Women	Memorial to Pioneer Women / The Colonial Mother	bronze	Forest Park	38.645844, -90.285693	38.645844	-90.285693	St. Louis, MO	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	infant	Museum	Missouri			no	This monument's design was selected by the Daughters of the American Colonies. The statue was removed by vandals in 1969, but was later recovered. It is now held by the Missouri History Museum.	The Missouri chapter of the Daughters of the American Colonists (DAC) commissioned a statue of a “Colonial Mother” to top a drinking fountain in 1922. The St. Louis Globe-Democrat declared that it would be “dedicated to all colonial women of Missouri prior to statehood” a century earlier, and the statue’s plaque declared that it commemorated women living in colonial Upper Louisiana under French and Spanish rule, which could be interpreted as including French, Spanish, indigenous and Métis women, and Catholic as well as Protestant women. But the Saint Louis Globe-Dispatch interpreted the DAC’s call for a “colonial mother” through the lens of the Pioneer Mother Movement, identifying the statue as depicting a pioneer mother, and the DAC and St. Louis Art Commission selected a design by local artist Nancy Coonsman Hahn known as Memorial to Pioneer Women. The completed piece included a thirty-two inch bronze Anglo-American pioneer woman and children, mounted on top of a six-foot-tall granite fountain. The completed fountain was dedicated in October 1929 in St. Louis’ vast Forest Park, and a model of Hahn’s “Colonial Woman” was selected by the National Sculptors’ Society for inclusion in a Washington exhibit celebrating the 200th anniversary of George Washington’s birth. Like other pioneer mother monuments erected in the 1920s, Hahn’s Memorial to Pioneer Women depicted a young white woman accompanied by young children. Hahn depicted the pioneer woman as a young white woman clad in a simple ankle-length dress and cape, but without the broad sunbonnet that marked so many other pioneer mothers. Hahn intended the woman to be “fearless and independent, and fully capable of enduring all hardships,” but less “Juno-like” than the better-known Daughters of the American Revolution monuments discussed below. Compared to other statues of “pioneer women” produced in the 1920s, Hahn’s rendering of the pioneer mother’s relationship with her children is more tender and intimate, and reflects a greater understanding of maternal relationships. This was in keeping with her ambition to portray “the innocence of childhood, the joy of living.” Unlike Leimbach’s Madonna of the Trail, Hahn’s son does not cling to his mother’s skirts. Her hand rests on his shoulder, and his hand reaches up toward hers. Both mother and son step forward confidently with their left feet. The child in its mother’s arms, meanwhile, appears somewhat older than the typical babe-in-arms. The mother carries the toddler on her forearm, nestled against her chest, rather than straddling her hip as in, or lying prone like a small baby. The child sits upright, and has distinct facial features suggesting a specific child, rather than a generic infant. He or she faces forward in a manner that directly engages the viewer, but does not gaze into the distance like the mother and older child. The mother’s and older child’s posture and facial expressions suggest that they are bravely moving westward. But the younger child’s head inclines slightly to nestle against its mother’s chin, and its forward arm reaches back to rest on her shoulder. Hahn’s creation is thus more gentle and intimate – both in its depiction of the relationships within the figures in the statue, and in its engagement with the viewer – than those created by men such as F. Lynn Jenkins in that period. Moreover, the young child’s posture and gaze invites the viewer to engage emotionally with the price paid by women and children in settling the frontier. No mere prop to indicate maternity as was typical of other pioneer mother monuments of the 1920s, the younger child becomes the emotional heart of Hahn’s grouping.						created entry 7/30/19	yes
16	Lorado Taft	The Pioneers	The Pioneers	bronze	Central Park	40.778371, -89.965769	40.778371	-89.965769	Elmwood, IL	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman	infant		Park	Illinois			no	Sculpted by prominent Chicago artist Lorado Taft for his birthplace, where his parents had settled in 1855. Pioneer types had interested Taft since the 1890s, but his idealized pioneer woman for Elmwood, IL, is less idealized and more human than his earlier works. The man holding a flintlock rifle stands with his arm around his wife, who holds an infant wrapped loosely in a blanket. A collie-like dog stands at attention behind them. Taft donated his design; local fundraising paid for its casting and installation. Restored in 1993.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elmwood-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
17	Bruce Saville	Fallen Timbers	Battle of Fallen Timbers Monument		Fallen Timbers Battlefield Memorial Park		41.544408	-83.697246	Monclova, OH	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group	N/A		Park	Ohio			man	Statue depicting General Anthony Wayne, a Native American warrior, and an Anglo-American frontiersman. Commemorates the 1794 Battle of Fallen Timbers, in which General Wayne's troops defeated warriors of the American Indian Confederation (which included members of the Miami, Shawnee, Delaware, and Ottawa nations). The US Army victory opened up the Northwest Territory to white settlement. Reliefs on the monument's base celebrate white settlement and commemorate Native warriors and white settlers killed by Natives.						Image available here
18	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	bronze	Shaler Park	43.637761, -88.730835	43.637761	-88.730835	Waupun, WI	1929	1915; erected 1929	Early Monuments	Other	N/A		Park	Wisconsin			man	Originally displayed in plaster at PPIE in 1915. Cast in bronze in 1929 as tribute to Native Americans who disappeared from Waupun, WI, area.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/waupun-end-of-trail-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Waupun-end-of-trail-plaque-resized.jpg	David Culver	Read about the original statue.		Ginny Culver
19	James Earle Fraser	The Pioneers	The Pioneers	limestone	Michigan Ave. Bridge (DuSable Bridge)	41.889174, -87.624215	41.889174	-87.624215	Chicago, IL	1930	1930	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman	infant			Illinois			no	James Earle Fraser (best known for his End of the Trail depicting Indian subjugation) sculpted this pioneer-themed relief as one of four large sculptural adornments to the DuSable (Michigan Avenue) Bridge in downtown Chicago. Fraser focused on his subjects’ struggle and the ultimate triumph of white civilization. Fraser's Pioneer Mother struggles far more against the elements more than do most contemporaneous Pioneer Mothers.. Flying above the pioneer group, Fraser added a winged allegory of white Civilization borrowed from Francois Rude’s 1833-36 La Marselliaise on the famous Arc de Triomph in Paris.	Fraser depicted a mounted mother and infant accompanied by her rifle- and ax-wielding husband, several other buckskin clad figures, and livestock in a 1928 relief decorating Chicago’s heavily-traveled Michigan Avenue drawbridge. In many ways it resembled A. Phimister Proctor’s 1927 Pioneer Mother for St. Louis, Missouri. Instead of joining Proctor in replicating Bingham’s small party alone in the wilderness, though, Fraser focused on his subjects’ struggle and the ultimate triumph of white civilization. The Pioneer Mother in Fraser’s The Pioneers struggles far more against the elements than does Proctor’s placid Madonna. Flying above the pioneer group, Fraser added a winged allegory of white Civilization borrowed from Francois Rude’s 1833-36 La Marselliaise on the famous Arc de Triomph in Paris. Fraser’s depiction of pioneers journeying westward beneath a female allegory also echoed John Gast’s widely disseminated 1872 American Progress. In Gast’s still frequently reproduced image, Progress appears as a blonde-haired white woman, dressed in a flowing white toga, with the “Star of Empire” in her hair. She holds a book representing common school education as she floats above westward expansion. She stretches telegraph wires and enlightens the path for hunters, a covered wagon train, farmers, a stagecoach and the railroad, while a herd of bison and half-naked American Indians flee westward in darkness. Similarly, Fraser’s winged allegory floats above the pioneer party, guiding them westward while sheltering the infant in its mother’s lap. A plaque beneath Fraser’s The Pioneers relief commemorated fur trader John Kinzie, “one of a band of courageous pioneers, who . . . struggled through the wilderness breaking soil for the seeds of future civilization.”		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/DuSalle-Bridge-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
20	Unknown	Pioneers Who Founded Topeka	The Pioneers Who Founded Topeka	bronze or copper	Gage Park	39.054850, -95.732491	39.05485	-95.732491	Topeka, KS	1931	1931	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man	N/A		Park	Kansas			no	1931 relief of a frontier farm, with a log cabin, covered wagon, and a pioneer plowing by unknown artist. Copper or bronze plaque set on iron footings cast by Deggingers Foundry attached to boulder. Dedicated in 1931 by Shawnee County Old Settlers Society. Originally mounted on the archway entrance of the "Old Settlers Memorial Grounds" in Gage Park.			https://pioneermonuments.net/pioneers-who-founded-topeka-resized/		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
21	Unknown	(Pioneer Woman)	(Pioneer Woman)	marble	Mount Hope Cemetery	38.934033, -99.550533	38.934033	-99.550533	Ellis, KS	1933	1933	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	books	Books	Cemetery	Kansas			no	This white marble statue of a lone pioneer woman carrying two books was erected on a granite base in the Mount Hope Cemetery in Ellis, Kansas, at the height of the Great Depression in 1933. Her pose and the shawl covering her head and shoulders more closely resembles pioneer mothers by Mormon sculptor Avard Fairbanks than the sturdy women in sunbonnets that were typical of the Pioneer Mother Movement of the 1920s and 1930s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ellis-Cemetery-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	yes
22	Ellis Luis Burman	The Pioneer Woman	The Pioneer Woman	bronze	Antelope Park	40.795618, -96.675374	40.795618	-96.675374	In 1935, the Lincoln (Nebraska) Woman’s Club erected Ellis Luis Burman’s rendition of The Pioneer Woman clasping a pocketbook and handkerchief in a public park that had been commissioned a decade earlier at the height of the Pioneer Mother movement. Like Leo Friedlander’s conservative statue for Denton, Texas, (which replaced William Zorach's bronze nude family grouping), Burman's statue stripped his frontier woman of the accompanying children that were so typical of 1920s pioneer mother monuments. Rather than emphasizing maternalism, these pioneer women appeared virginal. Abandoning the darker hue of bronze, these monuments utilized white materials to further emphasize their subjects’ purity and their whiteness. The Lincoln, NE, Woman's Club erected a statue that portrayed Midwestern women as refined, in opposition to the hyper-masculine Wild West.	1935	commissioned 1925; erected 1935	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	purse	neither	Park	Nebraska			no	In 1935, the Lincoln (Nebraska) Woman’s Club erected Ellis Luis Burman’s rendition of The Pioneer Woman clasping a pocketbook and handkerchief in a public park that had been commissioned a decade earlier at the height of the Pioneer Mother movement. Like Leo Friedlander’s conservative statue for Denton, Texas, (which replaced William Zorach's bronze nude family grouping), Burman's statue stripped his frontier woman of the accompanying children that were so typical of 1920s pioneer mother monuments. Rather than emphasizing maternalism, these pioneer women appeared virginal. Abandoning the darker hue of bronze, these monuments utilized white materials to further emphasize their subjects’ purity and their whiteness. Burman's statue for Lincoln, NE, portrayed Midwestern clubwomen			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lincoln-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lincoln-PM-mustache-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	Leo Friedlander, Pioneer Woman		yes
23	Avard T. Fairbanks	Tragedy at Winter Quarters	Tragedy at Winter Quarters	bronze	Pioneer Mormon Cemetery	41.334935, -95.966330	41.334935	-95.966330	Florence, NE	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman	dead infant	neither	Historic Site / Museum	Nebraska	Mormon		no	Originally sculpted in wax along with "Youth and New Frontiers" (later "New Frontiers") for the Chicago World's Fair in 1934, this monument was soon cast in bronze and installed in the cemetery at the site of the temporary LDS settlement where several hundred settlers died during the winter of 1846-47.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Winter-Quarters-1.jpg		David Prescott			yes
24	John K. Daniels	Pioneers' Monument	Pioneers' Monument	granite	BF Nelson Park	44.991782, -93.263842	44.991782	-93.263842	Minneapolis, MN	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group	infant	neither		Minnesota			man on reverse				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mpls-Pioneers-reverse-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Mpls-Pioneers-resized-e1551282708266.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
25	Unknown	Mormon Handcart Brigade	Mormon Handcart Brigade Camp Marker	bronze	S. T. Morrison Park	41.678589, -91.585389	41.678589	-91.585389	Coralville, IA	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group	none			Iowa	Mormon		no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Coralville-DAR-boulder-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Coralville-DAR-detail-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
26	Robert Neely	Pioneer Family	The Pioneer Family	cement	Grinnell Community Center	41.744022, -92.722820	41.744022	-92.72282	Grinnell, IA	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family	none	neither		Iowa	DAR		no	Donated by the Grinnell Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution. Statue is on display inside the Community Center.								no
27	Merrell Gage	Pioneer Women of Kansas	Pioneer Women of Kansas	bronze	Kansas Capitol grounds	39.047390, -95.678890	39.047390	-95.678890	Topeka, KS	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Rifle	Capitol	Kansas			no	Memorial commission originally selected Bryant Baker's design of a sunbonneted pioneer woman with a scythe that closely resembled his famous statue for Ponca City, Oklahoma. But Kansans pressured Baker to replace the scythe with a rifle. Ultimately Baker's model was displayed inside the state capitol. But it was former Kansan Merrell Gage's more stayed depiction of a seated pioneer mother with a rifle across her lap, her son reading beside her, and a guard dog at her feet that was cast in heroic size for the capitol lawn. Gage also sculpted the 1920 pioneer mother relief for Westport, Missouri.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Topeka-Gage-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	Merrell Gage 1920 relief	improved entry 8/15/19	yes
28	Samuel Cashwan	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	stone	Clare Middle School	43.822794, -84.765098	43.822794	-84.765098	Clare, MI	1938	1938	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	staff?	School	Michigan			no	Clare High School students raised funds to erect this monument.								yes
29	Clarence Addison Shaler	Pioneers of Wisconsin	Pioneers of Wisconsin	bronze	Wilcox Park	43.627496, -88.725015	43.627496	-88.725015	Waupun, WI	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman	infant		Park	Wisconsin			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/waupun-pioneers-plaque-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/waupun-pioneers-resized.jpg	David Culver			Ginny Culver
30	Fred Torrey	Munn Memorial	Munn Memorial / Kansas Pioneers / Homage to the Native Sons and Daughters of Kansas / Lillie Gordon Munn Memorial Monument / Pageant of Kansas History	bronze, granite and limestone	Gage Park	39.051768, -95.727021	39.051768	-95.727021	Topeka, KS	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman	none		Park	Kansas			men & woman	Commissioned in 1936. A bronze sculpture of donor Lillie Gordon Munn and a young man stand on a granite pedestal in front of a 45-foot-long bas relief carved into limestone. The relief depicts a progression toward white civilization, including Native Americans, bison, Spanish explorers led by Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, scouts,priests, farmers, cattlemen, and pioneer families with covered wagons.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Munn-memorial-2mp.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Munn-PPM-2mp-e1566836400897.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		Clio entry exists	yes
31	Alfonso Iannelli	Fountain of the Pioneers	Fountain of the Pioneers	concrete	Bronson Park	42.290210, -85.585541	42.29021	-85.585541	Kalamazoo, MI	1940	1940-2018	Family Monuments	Other	N/A		Park	Michigan			man	Depicts a westward-facing white settler facing an American Indian wearing a feathered headdress. The artist explained that "the scheme of the fountain conveys the advance of the pioneers and the generations that follow, showing the movement westward, culminating in the tower-symbol of the pioneer while the Indian is shown in a posture of noble resistance, yet being absorbed as the white man advances; the pattern of the parapet rail indicates the rich vegetation and produce of the land." (https://www.kpl.gov/local-history/parks/fountain.aspx) Statue removed April 2018 following protests against its depiction of race relations.								removed
32	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family Group	bronze	North Dakota Capitol grounds	46.817782, -100.782831	46.817782	-100.782831	Bismarck, ND	1946	1946	Family Monuments	Family	infant		Capitol	North Dakota			no	Casting of this pioneer family grouping was delayed due to metal shortages during World War II. It was one of the first pioneer monuments to depict a pioneer family. The father plays the central role in this family unit, which also includes an adolescent son and a baby in its mother's arms.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ND-PFam-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ND-PFam-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
33	Unknown	Pioneer Memorial	Pioneer Memorial obelisk	quartzite	Hilltop overlooking Sioux Falls	43.5744007,-96.7117972	43.5744007	-96.7117972	Sioux Falls, SD	1949	1949	Family Monuments	Other	N/A			South Dakota			no	Erected by the Minnehaha County Historical Society. The Society added a memorial block at the base of the obelisk in 2007.								no
34	Anna Belle Campbell	The Homesteaders	The Homesteaders / Prairie Family	composite of concrete and stone	Mission Road traffic circle	39.004455, -94.630372	39.004455	-94.630372	Prairie Village, KS	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Man and Woman	infant		Shopping Center	Kansas			no	This statue was originally purchased by J. C. Nichols Company to place at the entrance to the Prairie Village Shopping Center in an attempt to historicize this postwar Kansas City suburb. It was moved to a fountain at the entrance to the town in 2002.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Cartwright-Homesteaders-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
35	Unknown	Pioneer Mothers' Memorial	Pioneer Mothers' Memorial	stone	Pioneer Mothers Memorial Forest	38.541247, -86.453023	38.541247	-86.453023	Paoli, IN	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Other	N/A		Park	Indiana			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Paoli-wall-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
36	Gordon Shumaker	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	fiberglass	in front of Pioneer Portrait Hall, Minnesota State Fairgrounds	44.979056, -93.170776	44.979056	-93.170776	St. Paul, MN	1958	1958	Family Monuments	Woman	Bible		Fair	Minnesota			no	This Pioneer Woman was created for the centennial of Minnesota statehood. Although sculpted from modern fiberglass, it closely resembles bronze pioneer mother monuments from the 1920s.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mpls-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
37	Wheeler Williams	Pioneer Mother of Kansas	Pioneer Mother of Kansas	bronze	Public Library lawn, Cooper Park	37.043526, -100.922119	37.043526	-100.922119	Liberal, KS	1961	designed 1927; erected 1961	Family Monuments	Woman	infant		Library	Kansas			no	The design for this statue was originally sculpted by Wheeler Williams in the 1920s. He submitted "Fearless" to a 1920s competition to place a pioneer woman monument in Ponca City, Oklahoma, but did not win. Thirty years later, donor D. K. Baty hired a local art student to design a monument for the town of Liberal. But Baty soon substituted Williams' older design.						Image available here	created entry 7/31/19	no
38	Pete Felten, Jr.	Pioneer Family Statue	Pioneer Family Statue	limestone	North Penn Avenue	39.8243193,-100.528994	39.8243193	-100.528994	Oberlin, KS	1971	1971	Family Monuments	Family	kids			Kansas			no	This 1971 sculpture was the first of several pioneer monuments by local sculptor Pete Felten, Jr. Most pioneer family monuments feature a father and mother standing together, with their young son in front of them. In contrast, the Oberlin family stands in a circle with their backs toward one another and their arms linked, a defensive posture suggesting the pioneers’ reliance on the family unit for survival.The Oberlin pioneer family circle suggests a greater degree of equality among the characters than the pyramidal shape typical in earlier decades. Indeed, the father in the Oberlin family bends his knees to embrace his children, decreasing the extent that he towers over the rest of the family. In keeping with earlier pioneer family monuments, the mother leans gently backward into the family circle, maintaining its core. But in a gesture toward feminism’s growing influence, their teenage daughter leans slightly outward to embrace the future. Their young son bends his knees, mimicking his father’s posture, and appears ready to leap outward at the first opportunity. Public reactions to Felten’s initial proposal were mixed, but what initially felt to many rural Kansans like too much of a departure from established pioneer family imagery soon grew more comfortable.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Oberlin-PFam-dad-son-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Oberlin-PFam-mom-girl-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/31/19	yes
39	Gus Shafer	Wagon Master	The Wagon Master	bronze	Intercontinental Hotel	39.039408, -94.593106	39.039408	-94.593106	Kansas City, MO	1973	1973	Family Monuments	Man	N/A			Missouri			no	This statue sculpted by L. E. “Gus” Shafer is a larger-than-life depiction of a wagon train leader. It is one of several monuments in the Kansas City area that commemorate the region's connections to the Santa Fe, Oregon and California trails during the mid-19th century. The artist used his own face as a model for this sculpture. The bronze statue stands on a large limestone rock. It was a gift from Catherine and Miller Nichols, their four daughters, and the artist. It was dedicated on September 8, 1973.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KC-Wagon-Master-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
40	Pete Felten, Jr.	Boot Hill Man	Boot Hill Man / The Homesteader	limestone	Boot Hill Cemetery	38.878528, -99.327725	38.878528	-99.327725	Hays, KS	1973	1973	Family Monuments	Man	N/A		Cemetery	Kansas			no	This 1971 seven-foot-tall limestone statue by local sculptor Pete Felten, Jr., was created to stand at the Ellis County Historical society's new headquarters at Hays Boot Hill. The historical society sought a dignified sculpture of a plainsman. But Felten wanted the statue to commemorate those who died "with their boots on" as a result of frontier violence. Also known as "The Homesteader," it stands in the town's first cemetery.							created entry 8/1/19	no
41	Gordan Dingman	Life Sketches	Life Sketches	brick	16 N Minnesota St.	44.313850, -94.459376	44.313850	-94.459376	New Ulm, MN	1974	1974	Family Monuments	Group	none			Minnesota			men and women				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/New-Ulm-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/New-Ulm-2.jpg	Michael Lansing			Michael Lansing
42	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	bronze	Lake Avenue and Lakeshore Drive	42.636676, -95.200955	42.636676	-95.200955	Storm Lake, IA	1974	1974	Early Monuments	Man	N/A			Iowa			no	Bronze recasting of Newman's 1910 zinc sculpture that had been badly damaged. Paid for with funds raised for the Storm Lake Centennial in 1973.								no
43	Pete Felten, Jr.	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family / Volga German Immigrant Family	limestone	Corner of 19th & Cathedral	38.856357, -99.151051	38.856357	-99.151051	Victoria, KS	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Family	kids		Historic Site	Kansas			no	As other Midwestern towns celebrated ethnic inclusivity during the nation’s Bicentennial in 1976, Felten’s sturdy Volga German immigrant family for Victoria, Kansas, emphasized the Russian Germans’ otherness. The Volga German monument’s dedicatory plaque explains that “the first religious activities of these settlers centered around the village cross.” But Felten depicted the pioneer family as split along gender lines by that village cross: a mustached limestone father, two sons, and a pet dog peer almost angrily at a woman in a headscarf and her two daughters (the younger dragging a rag doll on the ground) from opposite sides of a large wooden cross. Although the monument was a tribute to the families that established the adjacent village of Herzog, Felten’s depiction seemed to suggest that, despite their religiosity and efforts constructing the 1100-seat Cathedral of the Plains, these Catholic Russian Germans could not be easily assimilated into American culture.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Victoria-Ger-Rus-1.jpg		Juti Winchester		created entry 8/1/19	Juti Winchester
44	Ann Opgenorth and Donna Marihar	Five Figures	Five Figures for Five Flags / Pioneers Sculpture	bronze	Cathedral Square	42.495283, -90.666546	42.495283	-90.666546	Dubuque, IA	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Group	none		Park	Iowa			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Dubuque-5-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Dubuque-5-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
45	Richard Bergen	Heritage Woman	Heritage Woman	bronze	Heritage Park	37.684694, -97.337523	37.684694	-97.337523	Wichita, KS	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Woman	none		Museum	Kansas			no	This styled nude statue was intended to honor early white Kansas settler women when it was placed in Wichita amid the nation’s bicentennial celebration in 1976. The citizens of Wichita apparently viewed Bergen’s Heritage Woman within a long-established fine arts tradition of nude female forms. In contrast to the outrage expressed in Denton, Texas, in the 1930s and Salem, Oregon, in the 1950s, newspaper coverage of Wichita’s Heritage Woman did not reveal any protests to her nudity. Instead, local residents appeared to embrace the work’s merging of classical and contemporary aesthetic for their new Victorian-inspired urban park, and overlooked the artist’s conception of a nude pioneer woman revealing herself in downtown Wichita. Yet Wichitans’ acceptance of the nude pioneer woman appear to have declined over time. In April 2005, vandals damaged the sculpture’s hands, requiring $5,000 worth of repairs. Shortly after the city returned the statue to its plinth in Heritage Park in fall 2006, it was assaulted a second time, knocking it off its base, breaking it in half at the waist and cracking the bronze skin, causing another $20,000 in damages. Vandals attacked it a third time in early 2013, again removing it from its base and breaking it in half. This time repairs kept the statue out of the public eye for four years. City leaders hope that the installation of a tall iron fence around Heritage Park will protect the statue from further damage. Historical society staff suspect that the statue’s nudity inspired these repeated attacks on Heritage Woman.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/HeritageSquare.jpg		Courtesy of City of Wichita Park and Recreation Department		created entry 8/1/19	visited site
46	George Bassett	Delavan Pioneers	Delavan Pioneers / Land is Our Heritage	bronze	2nd Street park	43.767564, -94.019145	43.767564	-94.019145	Delavan, MN	1977	1977	Family Monuments	Man and Woman	none			Minnesota			no	Dedicated during the town's centennial in 1977.						http://collections.mnhs.org/cms/web5/media.php?irn=10181867&width=640&height=640		no
47	Christian Petersen	Madonna of the Prairie	Madonna of the Prairie / Prairie Woman	limestone	Iowa State University College of Education	42.029720, -93.645397	42.029720	-93.645397	Ames, IA	1982	circa 1940; erected 1982	Culture Wars	Woman	infant		Campus	Iowa			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Christian-Petersen-Madonna-1.jpg		Pamela Riney-Kehrberg			yes
48	George W. Lundeen	Promise of the Prairie	Promise of the Prairie	bronze	North Pond Lake	40.450533, -99.377700	40.450533	-99.3777	Holdredge, NE	1983	1983	Culture Wars	Family	father holds toddler son		Park	Nebraska		town centennial	no	Erected for the town's centennial. Like other pioneer family monuments, it presents a nuclear family as a vision and hope for the future. And like other pioneer family sculptures, it features a father dressed in overalls, a mother wearing a prairie-style gown and apron, and their young son. But this work strays from other pioneer family monuments in important ways. It emphasizes the married couple rather than the child, and gives the father a greater nurturing role. Most pioneer monuments place a school-aged son in front of his parents, preparing to lead them into the future. Mothers often gaze lovingly at a baby in their arms. In this work, in contrast, the father holds a preschool-aged boy. This emphasizes the father's nurturing role alongside his leadership. Both father and mother gaze into the distance, imagining their future. Rather than gripping books to prepare for the future, the young boy plays with his father's wide-brimmed hat. The boy is barefoot, which was typical for frontier children but is rarely seen in pioneer monuments. On this young boy, it further emphasizes his innocence.							created 9/4/19	no
49	Charlie Norton	Spirit of the Prairie	Spirit of the Prairie	bronze	Thomas County Courthouse	39.396089, -101.043197	39.396089	-101.043197	Colby, KS	1985	1985	Culture Wars	Woman	infant		Courthouse	Kansas			no	Sculpted by Charlie Norton of nearby Leoti, Kansas, this 9-foot-tall bronze pioneer woman statue's dedication was the highlight of Thomas County's centennial celebration on October 8, 1985. The statue was placed in front of the 1906 county courthouse, a Romanesque Revival building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The pioneer woman holds a baby on her hip and waves a hankerchief over her head to signal to someone--likely her husband--far across the Kansas prairie.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Spirit-of-the-Prairie-resized.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/spirit-of-the-prairie-reverse-resized.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 8/15/19	yes
50	Thomas L. Beard	Pioneer Square	Pioneer Square Monument	bronze	Pioneer Square	39.053690, -94.590608	39.053690	-94.590608	Westport, MO	1986	1986	Heritage Tourism	Group	n/a			Missouri			no	Westport business leaders wanted commemorate the town's connections to the Santa Fe Trail, the Oregon Trail, and its claim to being the birthplace of Kansas City. After several failed attempts to claim A. Phimister Proctor's Pioneer Mother from Kansas City's Penn Valley Park, and erecting smaller markers, they finally put up this statue in 1986. The tribute to John C. McCoy, Alexander Majors, and Jim Bridger is the culmination of 75 years of pioneer commemoration efforts by Westport business leaders and residents.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Westport-Pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
51	Greg Todd	They Came to Stay	They Came to Stay	bronze	Sherman County Courthouse grounds	39.350941, -101.710171	39.350941	-101.710171	Goodland, KS	1987	1987	Culture Wars	Man and Woman	none		Courthouse	Kansas			no	Erected on the grounds of the Sherman County courthouse to mark the county's 1987 centennial. A pioneer man wearing a wide-brimmed hat squats down in his field, holding the rich soil in his proper right hand. Beside him stands his young wife. The wind sweeping the High Plains blows her long skirt and apron. Her right hand rests gently on her husband's shoulder, indicating her reliance on his strength. Her left hand holds tightly to one handle of their prominently featured walking plow. The man's hard work and ingenuity, combined with his wife's nurturance, enable them to survive and thrive on the soil that inspired the town's name of Goodland, Kansas.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/They-came-to-stay-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 8/15/19	yes
52	Juan Lombardo-Rivera	Pioneer Woman	The Pioneer Woman	bronze	National Frontier Trails Museum	39.086795, -94.419227	39.086795	-94.419227	Independence, MO	1990	1990; stolen and destroyed 2013	Heritage Tourism	Woman	infant		Museum	Missouri			no	Installed in the courtyard of the National Frontier Trails Museum when it opened in 1990. The tribute to frontier motherhood helped to historicize the new museum. At the time, some feared that the blue patina that the Mexican artist applied to the statue was too vivid, but Independence residents soon warmed to the work. Then the statue was stolen in 2013l the theives attempted to sell it as scrap metal. The city of Independence replaced it with a new "Pioneer Woman" sculpture by local artist Charles Goslin.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Rivera-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19 with 2016 replacement	yes
53	Dorothy L. Koelling	Hardship and Dreams	Hardship and Dreams	bronze	A. Price Woodard Park	37.683634, -97.342477	37.683634	-97.342477	Wichita, KS	1994	1989 design; installed 1994	Culture Wars	Woman	Bible			Kansas			no	This sunbonneted pioneer mother carrying a Bible and satchel and leading her young son by the hand echoes Bryant Baker's famous "Pioneer Woman" for Ponca City, Oklahoma. According to the dedication plaque, it "symbolizes the hardhip and dreams of early Wichita pioneers." It was given in memory of Eva M. and Will G. Price to recognize "their devotion and inspiration to the cultural and business life of Wichita." The statue stands in front of the civic center on the city's redeveloped riverfront, near statues of a Native American man holding a peace pipe, Lebanese immigrant Farris George Jabara, and a group of children at play representing America's future.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Hardship-and-Dreams-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 8/15/19	yes
54	Scott Stearman	Harvest Prayer	Harvest Prayer	bronze	MidAmerica Nazarene College campus	38.874243, -94.781752	38.874243	-94.781752	Olathe, KS	1994	1994	Culture Wars	Family	infant		Campus	Kansas			no	Statue of pioneer family marks the junction of the Santa Fe and Oregon Trails. It depicts a man in frontier clothing kneeling in prayer. He holds a Bible in one hand, and his other hand rests on a walking plow. His wife stands beside him with her head bowed in prayer. She cradles their young son in one arm and rests the other hand on her husband's shoulder. This statue became a centerpoint of MidAmerica Nazarene University when erected in the campus Prayer Circle in 1994.			https://pioneermonuments.net/harvest-prayer-2mp/	https://pioneermonuments.net/harvest-prayer-plaque-2mp/	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19	yes
55	Clifford J. Carlson	Promise of America	The Promise of America (Norwegian-American Immigrant Family Monument)	bronze	N. 3rd Ave. E. near Hwy 971	43.422450, -93.515367	43.422450	-93.515367	Lake Mills, IA	1995	1995	Heritage Tourism	Family	kids			Iowa			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lake-Mills-Norwegian-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
56	Franz and Nathan Johansen	Handcart Pioneer	(Handcart Pioneer Monument)	bronze	Mormon Trail Center at Winter Quarters	41.335337, -95.965064	41.335337	-95.965064	Florence, NE	1997	1997	Heritage Tourism	Family	in cart		Museum	Nebraska	Mormon		no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/WQ-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
57	Veryl Goodnight	No Turning Back	No Turning Back	bronze	City Hall	39.768945, -94.846628	39.768945	-94.846628	St. Joseph, MO	1999	1999	Heritage Tourism	Woman	none		City hall	Missouri			no	Depicts a woman in calico dress standing in front of wagon wheel. Emphasizes frontier women's persistence. Accompanied by the text of a poem by the same title written by the sculptor. The final lines of the poem about young women on the trails westard declare, "There was absolutely/No Turning Back." A 1940 Pony Express Monument stands on the other side of City Hall.			https://pioneermonuments.net/no-turning-back-resized/	https://pioneermonuments.net/no-turning-back-fountain-resized/	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/30/19	no	Other castings in Lincoln, NE, and courtyard of the Hirshfield-Moore House, corner West 9th and Lavaca sts, Austin.
58	Stanley J. Watts	Handcart Pioneers	Handcart Pioneers	bronze	Coralville Marriott	41.681759, -91.559271	41.681759	-91.559271	Coralville, IA	2000	circa 2000	Heritage Tourism	Family	in cart			Iowa	Mormon		no	Copy after Torleif Knaphus Handcart Pioneer Monument			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/marriott-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
59	Kwan Wu	Children of the Trails	Children of the Trails	bronze	Johnson County Courthouse grounds	38.882030, -94.820076	38.88203	-94.820076	Olathe, KS	2000	2000	Heritage Tourism	Other	n/a		Courthouse	Kansas			no	This bronze sculpture is dedicated to all of the children whose lives were lost due to the harsh conditions on the overland journeys westward. It was sculpted by Kansas City artist Kwan Wu. A pioneer boy, a girl and their dog run through an arch. A rainbow floats above them and doves fly overhead. Rocks in the fountain beneath them represent the streams that children crossed on the overland trail. Sculptor Kwan Wu was born and trained in China, but since immigrating to the United States and settling in the Kansas City area he has sculpted two major works depicting the western trails for Olathe, Kansas. The other is "Going West on the Old Santa Fe Trail."			https://pioneermonuments.net/olathe-kids-front-view-2mp/	https://pioneermonuments.net/olathe-kids-plaque-2mp/	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19	yes
60	Trygve A. Rovelstad	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family Memorial	bronze	Kimball St. Bridge	42.041485, -88.288739	42.041485	-88.288739	Elgin, IL	2001	designed 1935; erected 2001	Heritage Tourism	Family	infant			Illinois			no	Commissioned in 1935 to celebrate Elgin, Illinois' centennial, but fundraising efforts stalled during the Great Depression. The city later decided to erect a log cabin replica instead. The artist struggled throughout his lifetime to raise funds for a heroic-sized bronze casting. He completed the design with the assistance of his daughter, Annie Rovelstad-Lucky, in 1985. It was cast and erected after the artist's death as part of Elgin's riverfront redevelopment in 2001.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elgin-setting-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
61	Mischell Riley	Stella at the Spring	Stella at the Spring	bronze	Roger T. Sermon Community Center	39.092670, -94.411288	39.09267	-94.411288	Independence, MO	2001	2001	Heritage Tourism	Woman	bucket			Missouri			man	A young pioneer woman carrying a bucket gazes off in the distance toward a companion piece, Mischell Riley's A Young Native American.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Stella-2mp-e1566836154457.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Young-Native-American.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19	yes
62	David Alan Clark	Spirit of the Prairie	Spirit of the Prairie	bronze	Town Square	42.025775, -88.082205	42.025775	-88.082205	Schaumburg, IL	2002	2002	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman	none		Shopping center	Illinois			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Schaumburg-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott			yes
63	Blair Buswell and Edward Fraughton	Pioneer Courage	Pioneer Courage	bronze	Pioneer Courage Park	41.260879, -95.935205	41.260879	-95.935205	Omaha, NE	2003	2003	Heritage Tourism	Group	infant (group)			Nebraska			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/pioneer-courage-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/pioneer-courage-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
64	Tom Otterness	Large Covered Wagon	Large Covered Wagon	bronze	Joslyn Art Museum	41.260399, -95.944953	41.260399	-95.944953	Omaha, NE	2004	2004	Heritage Tourism	Family	kids		Art museum	Nebraska			no				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Otterness-wagon-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Otterness-wagon-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott			yes
65	Veryl Goodnight	No Turning Back	No Turning Back	bronze	downtown 12th street arts corridor	40.815806, -96.704229	40.815806	-96.704229	Lincoln, NE	2004	sculpted 1993; installed 2004	Heritage Tourism	Woman	none			Nebraska			no	Sculpture of woman in calico dress standing in front of wagon wheel. Title and image emphasize frontier women's persistence. Installed in downtown Lincoln's 12th Street Arts Corridor with other works depicting US westward migration. Donated by Bill and Sandra Condon of Sterling, Colorado.						Another casting of this statue in St. Joseph, Missouri		no
66	Charles Goslin	Dick Williams, Wagon Master	Dick Williams, Wagon Master	concrete and bronze	Pioneer Crossing Park	39.014411, -94.706410	39.014411	-94.70641	Shawnee, KS	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Man	n/a			Kansas			no	A limestone and bronze portrait of wagon master Richard “Dick” Williams. Williams first came to Johnson County in the 1850s as a government surveyor. He then worked as a “wagonmaster” escorting wagon trains from Kansas City to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and other destinations in the western United States. This sculpture accompanies a life-sized depiction of a wagon train by the same artist.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-master-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		included in Pioneer Crossing Park entry	yes
67	Charles Goslin	Pioneer Crossing	(Pioneer Crossing)	brick and bronze with patina	Pioneer Crossing Park	39.014411, -94.706410	39.014411	-94.70641	Shawnee, KS	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Group	infant			Kansas			no	This park was created as a sesquicentennial project for the town of Shawnee in 2006. It commemorates Shawnee’s place on the mid-19th-century Santa Fe, Oregon, and California wagon trails and Fort Leavenworth Military Road. It features two sculptures by local artist Charles Goslin depicting that history. Goslin’s original wagon train sculpture was reproduced in life size for this park. Most of the work is a stone relief of covered wagons driven by men and boys. At the front is a freestanding bronze oxen team. A bronze pioneer mother accompanies the relief. Near the wagon train installation stands a limestone and bronze portrait of wagon master Richard “Dick” Williams, who worked on the Santa Fe Trail. Some Shawnee residents questioned spending close to $1 million on the 2.2 acre park and stone and bronze sculptures. The park is a narrow wedge of land in a commercial district that was once a used car lot.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-train-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-train-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19 as Pioneer Crossing Park	yes
68	Kwan Wu	Old Santa Fe Trail	Going West on the Old Santa Fe Trail / Two Trails	bronze	Mahaffie Stagecoach Stop and Farm	38.892670, -94.797945	38.89267	-94.797945	Olathe, KS	2008	2008	New Directions	Group	kid		Museum	Kansas			woman	To mark its 150th anniversary, the town of Olathe constructed a 10,000-square-foot Heritage Center to accompany the Mahaffie Stagecoach Stop and Farm historic site. It also erected this 60-foot-long bronze stagecoach relief by local artist Kwan Wu.It features full scale bronze relief of stagecoach and passengers against a concrete backdrop. Stand-alone figures of horses, a woman and young boy emerge from the relief. Sculptor Kwan Wu was born and trained in China, but immigrated to the United States in 1988. Wu’s stagecoach scene is far more diverse than most pioneer monuments. It reflects the ethnic diversity of the 19th-century American West. Wu relied on historic photographs and photos of reproduction clothing and a stagecoach as he sculpted the scene. Fifteen characters represent men, women, and children of different ethnicities traveling on the stagecoach. A Latino man and African-American couple sit on the roof of the crowded stagecoach. A Native American woman and her dog wave farewell to the travelers while birds fly overhead. The sculpture was funded by private donations to mark Olathe’s 150th anniversary. It was dedicated August 14, 2008.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Olathe-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Olathe-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/23/19	yes
69	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Historic Truman Courthouse	39.092400, -94.416393	39.092400	-94.416393	Independence, MO	2016	1924; erected 2016	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman	infant		Courthouse	Missouri			no	Avard Tennyson Fairbanks sculpted the Old Oregon Trail medallion in 1924 while teaching art at the University of Oregon. It depicts the hardships that the artist's ancestors and nearly 500,000 others experienced while traveling westward on the overland trail by covered wagon in the mid-19th century. One 1852 migrant, Ezra Meeker, traveled back eastward along the trail in 1906 to seek the preservation of the Oregon Trail route. His efforts inspired Avard Fairbanks to sculpt this 36-inch bronze medallion. The medallion depicts a man driving the team of oxen that pull the covered wagon over rocky terrain. His wife rides inside the wagon, holding their infant child. Fairbanks' depiction of the trail experience was shaped as much by popular culture at the time of its sculpting as by historical reality. In fact, women and children typically walked along beside the wagons to spare their teams, particularly on rough terrain. Fairbanks' depiction of trail life appears to have been influenced by W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 illustration Madonna of the Prairie. Koerner’s illustration was used as the cover image for Emerson Hough’s popular novel The Covered Wagon. Koerner’s instantly popular illustration portrayed the beautiful young heroine seated on a wagon box with the opening of the wagon cover forming a halo around her face. Koerner’s illustrations inspired the costuming for a silent film adaptation of Hough’s novel, which became the first western “epic” film. In the year before The Covered Wagon movie was released, only fifty identifiable western films had been made; in the year following its release, 150 westerns were made – and the industry maintained that level of production until it was eclipsed by television in the 1950s. Adaptations of Koerner’s covered wagon imagery pervaded the massive advertising for the movie. This gave Madonna of the Prairie a significant role in shaping public perceptions of settler women. It also appears to have shaped Avard Fairbanks’ conception of pioneer women in this medallion and in other pioneer monuments that he sculpted over the next 50 years. Fairbanks’ Old Oregon Trail design was originally cast in bronze for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon. He reproduced the scene, renamed The Pioneer Mothers, for installation on the reverse of his 1928 Pioneer Mother statue for Vancouver, Washington. In more recent years, Old Oregon Trail has been recast for Oregon Trail jumping-off point Independence, Missouri, and two locations in Boise, Idaho. The artist’s son, David Fairbanks, donated this casting of the medallion to the Independence-based Oregon-California Trails Association (OCTA). Two decades later, the OCTA and Jackson County, Missouri, installed the medallion onto an existing 1948 Oregon Trail marker on the lawn of the Historic Truman Courthouse on June 7, 2016. The dedication ceremony also honored the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service.		blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Old-Oregon-Trail-Independence-2mp.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/1948-marker-ATF-Old-Ore-Trail-added-2mp-e1566834898465.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	W.H.D. Koerner, Madonna of the Prairie	created entry 6/20/19	yes
70	Charles Goslin	Pioneer Woman	(Pioneer Woman)	bronze	National Frontier Trails Museum	39.087203, -94.419486	39.087203	-94.419486	Independence, MO	2016	2016	Heritage Tourism	Woman	infant		Museum	Missouri			no	Chosen to replace Juan Lombardo-Rivera's "Pioneer Woman" bronze, which was stolen and destroyed in 2013. This version lacks the blue patina that appeared on Lombardo-Rivera's "Pioneer Woman" and that Goslin used for a similar pioneer woman sculpture in nearby Shawnee, Kansas.			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/New-PM-Natl-Frontier-Trails-Museum-2mp-e1566835275389.jpg		Cynthia Prescott		created entry 7/24/19 with original 1990 statue	David Prescott
71	George W. Lundeen	Harvest Dreams	Harvest Dreams	bronze	Nebraska Prairie Museum	40.462263, -99.379275	40.462263	-99.379275	Holdredge, NE	2016	2016	Heritage Tourism	Family	kids		Museum	Nebraska			no	Erected by Citizens for Bronze Art.								no?
72		Chouteau	Francois Chouteau and Native American Heritage Fountain						North Kansas City, KS											woman


1	Design
2	Man
3	Group
4	Other
5	Other
6	Man
7	Other
8	Woman
9	Man
10	Other
11	Man
12	Man
13	Other
14	Woman
15	Other
16	Man
17	Man
18	Group
19	Man
20	Family
21	Family
22	Other
23	Man
24	Woman
25	Family
26	Man
27	Man and Woman
28	Man and Woman
29	Man and Woman
30	Family
31	Family
32	Man and Woman
33	Woman
34	Woman
35	Man and Woman
36	Woman
37	Woman
38	Woman
39	Woman
40	Woman
41	Woman
42	Woman
43	Woman
44	Woman
45	Woman
46	Woman
47	Woman
48	Woman
49	Man and Woman
50	Woman
51	Man and Woman
52	Group
53	Other
54	Man and Woman
55	Man
56	Woman
57	Man
58	Group
59	Woman
60	Woman
61	Family
62	Woman
63	Woman
64	Man and Woman
65	Man
66	Group
67	Group
68	Other
69	Family
70	Family
71	Family
72	Family
73	Woman
74	Family
75	Woman
76	Woman
77	Family
78	Family
79	Man and Woman
80	Man and Woman
81	Other
82	Family
83	Family
84	Family
85	Group
86	Man and Woman
87	Man
88	Other
89	Family
90	Family
91	Other
92	Woman
93	Other
94	Family
95	Woman
96	Family
97	Family
98	Woman
99	Other
100	Woman
101	Woman
102	Family
103	Family
104	Family
105	Woman
106	Other
107	Other
108	Family
109	Family
110	Man
111	Man
112	Group
113	Family
114	Man
115	Family
116	Group
117	Woman
118	Family
119	Man
120	Man and Woman
121	Man and Woman
122	Family
123	Woman
124	Man
125	Woman
126	Family
127	Man
128	Family
129	Woman
130	Family
131	Group
132	Group
133	Man and Woman
134	Man
135	Group
136	Woman
137	Man
138	Family
139	Family
140	Family
141	Woman
142	Woman
143	Woman
144	Family
145	Family
146	Family
147	Man and Woman
148	Man
149	Man
150	Woman
151	Man and Woman
152	Family
153	Woman
154	Family
155	Man and Woman
156	Family
157	Woman
158	Woman
159	Woman
160	Family
161	Family
162	Woman
163	Woman
164	Group
165	Family
166	Other
167	Family
168	Woman
169	Woman
170	Man and Woman
171	Man and Woman
172	Family
173	Other
174	Group
175	Family
176	Woman
177	Woman
178	Family
179	Other
180	Woman
181	Family
182	Family
183	Man
184	Group
185	Family
186	Other
187	Other
188	Group
189	Man and Woman
190	Man and Woman
191	Woman
192	Woman
193	Group
194	Man and Woman
195	Man and Woman
196	Woman
197	Woman
198	Woman
199	Woman
200	Man and Woman
201	Woman
202	Man
203	Family


1	Artist	shortSculptureTitle	Sculpture Title	Material	Location	GPS Coordinates	Lat	Lon	City	Date	Display Date	Era	Design	Bible or Rifle?	Site	State	Mormon?	Description	theme	Image 1	Image 2	Photo Credit	See Also

2	Unknown	Pioneer Monument	Pioneer Monument / Centennial Monument	granite	Diamond Park	41.638465, -80.150038	41.638465	-80.150038	Meadville, PA	1888	1888	Early Monuments	Man			Pennsylvania		Man dressed in coonskin cap and buckskin represents men and women who crossed the Allegheny Mountains to settle in northwest Pennsylvania. Statue stands on a rectangular granite base with a relief of a log cabin on the front. Erected in honor of the centennial of Meadville and Crawford County.
3	Karl Gerhardt	Pioneer Statuary Group	Pioneer Statuary Group	bronze	Iowa Capitol grounds	41.590865, -93.605441	41.590865,	-93.605441	Des Moines, IA	1892	1892	Early Monuments	Group		Capitol	Iowa		This early pioneer monument's design called for "a group consisting of father and son guided by a friendly Indian in search of a home."		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Des-Moines-Pioneer-1.jpg		David Culver
4	Frank Happersberger	Lick Pioneers Monument	The Pioneers Monument / James Lick Monument	bronze and granite	San Francisco Public Library Main Library	37.779707, -122.415938	37.779707	-122.415938	San Francisco, CA	1894	1894	Early Monuments	Other		City Hall	California		Relocated 1993 amid controversy about its depiction of Native Americans.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/256px-James_Lick_Memorial_San_Francisco.jpg		https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sanfranman59.
5	Cyrus Edwin Dallin	Brigham Young Monument	Brigham Young Monument / Pioneer Monument	bronze	Temple Square	40.769554, -111.891114	40.769554	-111.891114	Salt Lake City, UT	1897	1897	Early Monuments	Other		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon	Dedicated 1897; completed 1900.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/B-Young-pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
6	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	zinc	near capitol	44.938745, -123.030406	44.938745	-123.030406	Salem, OR	1903	1903-1917	Early Monuments	Man			Oregon		Modeled after early white settler's hat, rifle and pouch provided by his Salem descendants, who commissioned the sculpture. Statue was toppled by a windstorm in 1917 and never replaced.
7	Herman MacNeil	Coming of the White Man	Coming of the White Man	bronze	Washington Park	45.522239, -122.701711	45.522239	-122.701711	Portland, OR	1904	1904	Early Monuments	Other		Fair?	Oregon				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Coming-of-the-White-Man-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
8	Alice Cooper	Sacajawea	Sacajawea	bronze	Washington Park	45.521255, -122.702758	45.521255	-122.702758	Portland, OR	1905	1905	Early Monuments	Woman		Fair	Oregon		Pacific Northwest suffragists erected this monument to the famous Native American female guide of the Lewis and Clark Expedition and to the “pioneer mothers of old Oregon.” Erecting a sculpture of an American Indian to honor "pioneer mothers" became unthinkable soon after this statue was erected. By the 1920s, monuments to pioneer mothers became much more common, and increasingly utilized common iconography celebrating so-called civilized white womanhood.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Sacajawea-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
9	Frederick MacMonnies	Pioneer Monument	Pioneer Monument	bronze	Civic Center Park	39.740247, -104.987686	39.740247	-104.987686	Denver, CO	1911	1911	Early Monuments	Other			Colorado				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Denver-Pioneers-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
10	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer Mike	Pioneer Mike / Carter Memorial Fountain / Iron Mike	zinc	Ashland Plaza	42.197230, -122.715338	42.19723	-122.715338	Ashland, OR	1910	1910-2014	Early Monuments	Man			Oregon		Beloved copy of Newman's 1903 Pioneer for Salem, Oregon. It was repeatedly damaged by vandals before finally being removed in 2014. It was replaced with a bronze recasting two years later.
11	Allen G. Newman	Minuteman	Minuteman	zinc	University of Northern Colorado campus	40.408332, -104.692795	40.408332	-104.692795	Greeley, CO	1911	1911-1938	Early Monuments	Man			Colorado		Copy of Newman's 1903 Pioneer for Salem, Oregon. The statue was removed and lost when an adjacent building was remodeled in 1938.
12	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	zinc	Lake Avenue and Lakeshore Drive	42.636630, -95.201001	42.63663	-95.201001	Storm Lake, IA	1912	1912-1972	Early Monuments	Man			Iowa		Copy of Newman's 1903 Pioneer for Salem, Oregon, donated by the Tuesday Club in 1912. The statue suffered repeated vandalism, and was finally removed in 1972. It was replaced in 1974 with a bronze replica, paid for by funds raised for the town's centennial.
13	Mahonri M. Young	Seagull Monument	Seagull Monument	bronze	Temple Square	40.769767, -111.892822	40.769767	-111.892822	Salt Lake City, UT	1913	1913	Early Monuments	Other		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Seagull-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
14	Charles Grafly	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	Golden Gate Park	37.770892, -122.474298	37.770892	-122.474298	San Francisco, CA	1915	1915	Early Monuments	Woman		Fair	California		Ella Sterling Mighels envisioned a statue of a seated pioneer mother providing religious instruction to her children. The Panama-Pacific International Exposition’s Woman’s Board eventually took over promotion of Mighel's project. Prominent sculptor Charles Grafly substituted a white woman clad in fringed buckskin and moccasins, surrounded by nude children. Pressure from the Native Daughters of the Golden West persuaded Grafly to replace the buckskin and moccasins with Anglo-style clothing, but the children’s classical-style nudity remained.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Grafly-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
15	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	plaster	Panama-Pacific International Exposition	37.802327, -122.438855	37.802327	-122.438855	San Francisco, CA	1915	1915?	Early Monuments	Other		Fair	California		Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Restored and installed at National Cowboy Hall of Fame and Western Heritage Center in Oklahoma City, where it was dedicated in 1971.					https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/learn-discover/online-unit-studies/end-of-the-trail-introduction/
16	Solon Borglum	American Pioneer	The American Pioneer / Pioneer	plaster	Panama-Pacific International Exposition	37.802971, -122.439027	37.802971	-122.439027	San Francisco, CA	1915	1915	Early Monuments	Man		Fair	California		Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Removed and destroyed 1980s.					See historic photograph at https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/learn-discover/online-unit-studies/end-of-the-trail-introduction/.
17	Frederick Hibbard	Pioneer	Pioneer / Corn Planter	bronze	University of Kansas campus	38.956354, -95.243095	38.956354	-95.243095	Lawrence, KS	1904	1904; erected 1916	Early Monuments	Man			Kansas		Physician and real estate speculator Simeon Bell purchased this sculpture, titled "The Corn Planter," at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. He donated it to the University of Kansas in hopes that it would help future generations “understand the difficulties and handicaps early Kansans encountered.” It remained in storage until 1916, when it became the first work of statuary installed on that campus. It has been moved several times as the campus has changed.
18	A. Phimister Proctor	The Pioneer	The Pioneer	bronze	University of Oregon campus	44.044905, -123.075775	44.044905	-123.075775	Eugene, OR	1918	1918	Early Monuments	Man		Campus	Oregon		One of the few monuments to a generic pioneer man, this statue of an Anglo-American frontiersman dressed in buckskin was erected on the University of Oregon campus. A companion pioneer woman was erected a decade later next to the women's building.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/uo-pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	A. Phimister Proctor, Pioneer Mother
19	John MacQuarrie	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family / Donner Monument	bronze	Donner State Park	39.323820, -120.231057	39.323820	-120.231057	Truckee, CA	1918	1918	Early Monuments	Family		Museum	California		Dr. Chester Warren Chapman, a member of the Native Sons of the Golden West, asked San Francisco sculptor Douglas Tilden to design the Donner Party monument for California’s Truckee Pass. Yet the Native Sons could not accept Tilden’s conception of a “lone pioneer figure” on top of a pedestal, surrounded by “a dozen or so figures sitting, lying, creeping in different attitudes from cowering anxiety to resignation of death.” Instead, they insisted on a generic pioneer figure whose victory over adversity was never in question. The monument committee instead selected John McQuarrie’s depiction of a sturdy pioneer family. Only the 22.5-foot base (marking the depth of the snow pack during the Donner Party’s entrapment) and bronze plaques at its base commemorate the 1846 emigrants’ suffering.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Donner-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Donner-detail-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
20	Paul Fjelde	Mormon Trail Memorial	Mormon Trail Memorial	bronze	Bayliss Park	41.25975, -95.85175	41.25975	-95.85175	Council Bluffs, IA	1918	1918	Early Monuments	Family		Park	Iowa	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Council-Bluffs-DAR-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
21	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	plaster replaced with bronze copy	Mooney Grove Park	36.278608, -119.312810	36.278608	-119.312810	Visalia, CA	1919	1919	Early Monuments	Other		Park	California		Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Restored and installed at National Cowboy Hall of Fame and Western Heritage Center in Oklahoma City, where it was dedicated in 1971. A bronze copy now stands in Visalia, CA.					https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/learn-discover/online-unit-studies/end-of-the-trail-introduction/
22	Solon Borglum	American Pioneer	The American Pioneer / Pioneer	plaster	Mooney Grove Park	36.278608, -119.312810	36.278608	-119.312810	Visalia, CA	1919	1919-1980s	Early Monuments	Man		Park	California		Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Removed and destroyed 1980s.					Image available.
23	Merrell Gage	Daughters of Old Westport	Daughters of Old Westport Memorial	bronze	near Pioneer Park	39.054363, -94.591068	39.054363	-94.591068	Westport, MO	1920	1920	Early Monuments	Woman	Rifle		Missouri				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Gage-Westport-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Gage-Westport-PM-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	https://pioneermonuments.net/search-monuments/?search=false&artist=Avard%20T.%20Fairbanks&sculpture=The%20Pioneer%20Mothers&date=1928&city=Vancouver%2C%20WA
24	A. Phimister Proctor	The Circuit Rider	The Circuit Rider	bronze	Capitol Park	44.938226, -123.028855	44.938226	-123.028855	Salem, OR	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Man		Capitol	Oregon		This monument celebrates Christian ministers who served multiple congregations, traveling among them on horseback.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Circuit-Rider-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
25	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Broadway Bridge	45.993095, -123.924249	45.993095	-123.924249	Seaside, OR	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Man and Woman			Oregon		Borrows from W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 oil painting Madonna of the Prairie, in which the wagon cover forms a kind of halo over the pioneer woman's head. First cast in 1924 for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon, this plaque was recast and repurposed many times.=HYPERLINK("https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Old-Oregon-Trail-1.jpg","See image of another casting of this same work: ")	blue				W.H.D. Koerner, Madonna of the Prairie
26	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Oregon Trail Interpretive Center	44.813931, -117.729056	44.813931	-117.729056	Baker City, OR	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Man and Woman			Oregon		Borrows from W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 oil painting Madonna of the Prairie, in which the wagon cover forms a kind of halo over the pioneer woman's head. First cast in 1924 for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon, this plaque was recast and repurposed many times.=HYPERLINK("https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Old-Oregon-Trail-1.jpg","See image of another casting of this same work: ")	blue
27	Myra Reynolds Richards	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	limestone	Fountain Square, Indianapolis	39.752165, -86.139814	39.752165	-86.139814	Indianapolis, IN	1924	1924	Early Monuments	Family	Bible		Indiana				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Indy-fountain-square-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
28	Robert Garrison	Covered Wagon Frieze	Covered Wagon Frieze	terra cotta with patina	Denver Botanical Gardens	39.732132,-104.960029	39.732132	-104.960029	Denver, CO	1925	1925	Early Monuments	Man and Woman		Bank	Colorado		Originally located on the Midland Savings Building in Denver.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/garrison-frieze-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Garrison-frieze-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
29	Avard T. Fairbanks	US Bank Doors	US Bank Doors	bronze	U.S. Bank Building	45.521489,-122.678454	45.521489	-122.678454	Portland, OR	1926	1926-1931	Early Monuments	Family		Bank	Oregon			blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/US-Bank-Doors-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
30	Torleif S. Knaphus	Handcart Pioneer	Handcart Pioneer Monument	bronze	LDS Temple Square	40.769583, -111.892246	40.769583	-111.892246	Salt Lake City, UT	1926	1926	Early Monuments	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon	Enlarged to heroic size in 1947.					Photo of 1947 enlargement
31	A. Phimister Proctor	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	Penn Valley Park	39.077155, -94.589474	39.077155	-94.589474	Kansas City, MO	1927	1927	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Missouri		This massive bronze grouping depicts a tender mother on horseback accompanied by her brave husband and a grizzled mountain-man guide, a clear allusion to George Caleb Bingham’s 1852 oil painting, Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers Through the Cumberland Gap. The Bible passage from the Book of Ruth that Proctor placed on Pioneer Mother monument’s base – “Whither thou goest I will go” – further underlined the gentle mother’s heroic endurance. By the 1980s, it had been forgotten by Kansas City residents, but in recent years the KC parks and recreation department has improved the landscaping. Kansas City rebuffed two attempts by neighboring Westport, MO, to claim the monument.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KC-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KC-PM-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott	Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers through Cumberland Gap
32	A. Phimister Proctor	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	University of Oregon campus	44.044159, -123.075784	44.044159	-123.075784	Eugene, OR	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Book	Campus	Oregon		This companion to the solo pioneer man located nearby on the University of Oregon campus was erected at the height of the Pioneer Mother Movement. Whereas most pioneer mothers sculpted in the late 1920s are depicted actively guiding their children westward, however, A. Phimister Proctor depicted an elderly woman resting from her labors, gazing contemplatively at the partially-open book in her lap.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/uo-pm-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	A. Phimister Proctor, The Pioneer
33	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	bronze	Esther Short Park	45.627077, -122.674923	45.627077	-122.674923	Vancouver, WA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Park	Washington		Like many other pioneer mother monuments erected in the late 1920s, this statue features a woman surrounded by her young children and armed with a rifle. However, this pioneer mother wears a scarf rather than a sunbonnet, and stands meekly, rather than stepping boldly westward. Fairbanks adapted his earlier "Old Oregon Trail" medallion for the reverse of the monument. In the postwar period, Esther Short Park became overgrown and dominated by drug users and the homeless. In the early 21st century, it was reinvented as part of a massive urban renewal project, and this monument was moved from its original grotto-like location to overlook a busy downtown street.	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Pioneer-Mother-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	Plaque on reverse
34	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneer Mothers	The Pioneer Mothers	bronze	Esther Short Park	45.627077, -122.674923	45.627077	-122.674923	Vancouver, WA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Washington		Fairbanks adapted his earlier "Old Oregon Trail" medallion to mount on the reverse of his "Pioneer Mother" statue for Vancouver, Washington.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/pioneer-mothers-plaque-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott	Accompanies monument
35	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Old Post Office	38.983932, -77.094186	38.983932	-77.094186	Bethesda, MD	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Maryland		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Bethesda-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
36	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Madonna of the Trail Park	40.060282, -80.012953	40.060282	-80.012953	Beallsville, PA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Pennsylvania		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Beallsville-PA-Madonna-1.jpg		David Culver
37	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Wheeling Park, facing National Road	40.055737, -80.669207	40.055737	-80.669207	Wheeling, WV	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		West Virginia		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Wheeling-Madonna-1.jpg		David Culver
38	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	National Road Commons Park	39.924771, -83.811197	39.924771	-83.811197	Springfield, OH	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Ohio		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/OH-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
39	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Glen Miller Park	39.830476, -84.872207	39.830476	-84.872207	Richmond, IN	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Indiana		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Richmond-IN-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
40	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Old State House grounds	38.960808, -89.094444	38.960808	-89.094444	Vandalia, IL	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Historic site	Illinois		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Vandalia-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
41	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Downtown above Missouri River	39.186581, -93.886154	39.186581	-93.886154	Lexington, MO	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Missouri		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lexington-MO-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
42	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Corner of Main St. (US 56) & N. Union St. (KS-177)	38.662048, -96.486885	38.662048	-96.486885	Council Grove, KS	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Historic site	Kansas		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KS-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
43	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Colorado Welcome Center	38.089300, -102.619100	38.089300	-102.619100	Lamar, CO	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Colorado		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo. See image of the Ohio Madonna of the Trail: https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/OH-Madonna-1.jpg	yellow
44	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	corner of Marble Ave. and Fourth St.	35.092913, -106.649823	35.092913	-106.649823	Albuquerque, NM	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		New Mexico		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ABQ-Madonna-ACP.jpg		Anna Prescott
45	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	318 E Main St., next to McDonald's	34.133259, -109.285118	34.133259	-109.285118	Springerville, AZ	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		Arizona		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo. See image of the Ohio Madonna of the Trail: https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/OH-Madonna-1.jpg	yellow
46	August Leimbach	Madonna of the Trail	Madonna of the Trail	poured algonite stone	Euclid Ave. at Foothill Blvd (Route 66)	34.107224, -117.651186	34.107224	-117.651186	Upland, CA	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle		California		In 1911 the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution set out to mark the "Old Trails Road" stretching from Maryland to California. Initial plans for painted mileage markers were later abandoned in favor of commissioning twelve identical "Madonna of the Trail" statues to be placed in the 12 states through which the "Old Trails Road" passed. August Leimbach's larger-than-life pioneer woman steps forward boldly, armed with a rifle, and appears almost masculine. The artist envisioned a scene in which she is looking for her husband whom she believes to be in danger. Yet the title "Madonna of the Trail" evoked W. H. D. Koerner's famous image of a much gentler woman crowned by a covered-wagon halo.	yellow	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/CA-Madonna-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
47	Nancy Coonsman Hahn	Memorial to Pioneer Women	Memorial to Pioneer Women / The Colonial Mother	bronze	Forest Park	38.645844, -90.285693	38.645844	-90.285693	St. Louis, MO	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	infant	Museum	Missouri		This monument's design was selected by the Daughters of the American Colonies. The statue was removed by vandals in 1969, but was later recovered. It is now held by the Missouri History Museum.					Image available here
48	Lorado Taft	The Pioneers	The Pioneers	bronze	Central Park	40.778371, -89.965769	40.778371	-89.965769	Elmwood, IL	1928	1928	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Illinois				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elmwood-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
49	Bryant Baker	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	bronze	Pioneer Woman Museum	36.710056, -97.066011	36.710056	-97.066011	Ponca City, OK	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Bible		Oklahoma		In 1926, oilman E. W. Marland commissioned twelve 3-foot models for a competition to select a pioneer woman monument. The models were shown in major cities across the country, where visitors cast their votes. Bryant Baker's winning entry, "Confident," was erected in Ponca City.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Ponca-City-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
50	Maurice Sterne	The Settlers of New England	The Settlers of New England / The Monument to Our Pioneers / Rogers - Kennedy Memorial	stone and bronze	Elm Park	42.269820, -71.817368	42.26982	-71.817368	Worcester, MA	1929	1929	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Massachusetts				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Worcester-MA-1.jpg		Timothy Culver
51	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	End of the Trail	bronze	Shaler Park	43.637761, -88.730835	43.637761	-88.730835	Waupun, WI	1929	1915; erected 1929	Early Monuments	Other		Park	Wisconsin		Originally displayed in plaster at PPIE in 1915. Cast in bronze in 1929 as tribute to Native Americans who disappeared from Waupun, WI, area.					Read about the original statue.
52	James Earle Fraser	The Pioneers	The Pioneers	limestone	Michigan Ave. Bridge (DuSable Bridge)	41.889174, -87.624215	41.889174	-87.624215	Chicago, IL	1930	1930	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman			Illinois				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/DuSalle-Bridge-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
53	Cyrus Edwin Dallin	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother / End of the Trail	bronze	City Park	40.165170, -111.611113	40.165170	-111.611113	Springville, UT	1931	1931	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	neither	Park	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Dallin-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
54	Unknown	Pioneers Who Founded Topeka	The Pioneers Who Founded Topeka	bronze or copper	Gage Park	39.054725, -95.728606	39.054725	-95.728606	Topeka, KS	1931	1931	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man			Kansas		Relief of a frontier farm, with a log cabin, covered wagon, and a pioneer plowing.
55	Ulric Ellerhusen	1st Permanent Settlement	George Rogers Clark Memorial / The First Permanent Settlement of the West / Settlers of the West	granite	Fort Harrod State Park	37.761334, -84.847338	37.761334	-84.847338	Harrodsburg, KY	1932	1932	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group		Historic Site / Museum	Kentucky				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Harrodsburg-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
56	Julius Loester	Benediction	Pioneers Monument / Benediction	bronze	Kingsborough Cemetery	43.067629, -74.336132	43.067629	-74.336132	Gloversville, NY	1932	1932	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman			New York		Bronze female figure "Benediction" wearing classical drapery stands in front of a granite slab inscribed with names of early settlers on the reverse. Erected by the Daughters of the American Revolution.
57	Unknown	(Pioneer Woman)	(Pioneer Woman)	marble	Mount Hope Cemetery	38.934033, -99.550533	38.934033	-99.550533	Ellis, KS	1933	1933	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Books	Cemetery	Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ellis-Cemetery-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
58	William Zorach	Pioneer Family Group	Pioneer Family Group (later cast as The Family)	model	Texas Centennial Commission	30.275600, -97.740549	30.275600	-97.740549	Austin, TX	1935	1935 model	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family			Texas		Selected by a panel of experts to be erected as part of the Texas Centennial celebration in 1936, this "Pioneer Family Group" monument design was rejected by the people of Texas as being an inappropriate way to commemorate pioneer women, and inappropriate for erection on the Texas Woman's College campus at Denton. In 1964 it was cast in bronze and erected in downtown Colorado Springs under the title "The Family."		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Zorach-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
59	Ellis Luis Burman	The Pioneer Woman	The Pioneer Woman	bronze	Antelope Park	40.795618, -96.675374	40.795618	-96.675374	Lincoln, NE	1935	commissioned 1925; erected 1935	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	neither	Park	Nebraska				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lincoln-PM-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lincoln-PM-mustache-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
60	Leo Friedlander	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	marble	Texas Woman's University	33.223417, -97.129540	33.223417	-97.129540	Denton, TX	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	neither	Campus	Texas		A panel of experts selected William Zorach's "Pioneer Family Grouping" to erect on the campus of Texas Woman's College in Denton as part of the 1936 centennial celebration commemorating Texas' brief independence. However, public outrage met Zorach's nude family grouping. In response, the Texas Centennial Commission cancelled its contract with Zorach, and instead hired Leo Friedlander to create this demure solo pioneer woman. Unaccompanied by children and sculpted from white marble, she appears almost virginal in comparison to the "pioneer mothers" of the late 1920s. See also: https://arts-sciences.und.edu/math/faculty/timothy-prescott/monuments/monument.htmlsearch=false&artist=Leo%20Friedlander&sculpture=Pioneer%20Woman&city=Denton%2C%20TX; https://arts-sciences.und.edu/math/faculty/timothy-prescott/monuments/monument.html?search=false&artist=William%20Zorach&sculpture=The%20Family&city=Colorado%20Springs%2C%20CO		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Denton-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
61	Avard T. Fairbanks	Tragedy at Winter Quarters	Tragedy at Winter Quarters	bronze	Pioneer Mormon Cemetery	41.334935, -95.966330	41.334935	-95.966330	Florence, NE	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Historic Site / Museum	Nebraska	Mormon	Originally sculpted in wax along with "Youth and New Frontiers" (later "New Frontiers") for the Chicago World's Fair in 1934, this monument was soon cast in bronze and installed in the cemetery at the site of the temporary LDS settlement where several hundred settlers died during the winter of 1846-47.	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Winter-Quarters-1.jpg		David Prescott
62	Ulric Ellerhusen	Pioneer	Pioneer	gold gilded bronze	Oregon Capitol dome	44.938745, -123.030406	44.938745	-123.030406	Salem, OR	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man		Capitol	Oregon				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Ellerhusen-Pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
63	John K. Daniels	Pioneers' Monument	Pioneers' Monument	granite	BF Nelson Park	44.991782, -93.263842	44.991782	-93.263842	Minneapolis, MN	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group			Minnesota						Cynthia Prescott
64	Unknown	Mormon Handcart Brigade	Mormon Handcart Brigade Camp Marker	bronze	S. T. Morrison Park	41.678589, -91.585389	41.678589	-91.585389	Coralville, IA	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Group			Iowa	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Coralville-DAR-boulder-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Coralville-DAR-detail-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
65	Frank A. Teich	Pioneer Memorial	Pioneer Memorial obelisk	granite	Hermann Park	29.718704, -95.390946	29.718704	-95.390946	Houston, TX	1936	1936	Pioneer Mother Movement	Other			Texas		Erected on the centennial of Texas independence.
66	Robert Neely	Pioneer Family	The Pioneer Family	cement	Grinnell Community Center	41.744022, -92.722820	41.744022	-92.72282	Grinnell, IA	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family			Iowa		Donated by the Grinnell Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution. Statue is on display inside the Community Center.					Image available here
67	Unknown	Massengill Memorial	Massengil Memorial Monument		Winged Deer Park	36.389873, -82.360348	36.389873	-82.360348	Johnson City, TN	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family			Tennessee		Depicts local settler Henry Massengill, his wife and daughter. Henry holds a rifle. His wife holds a book and carries a satchel that resemble those held by Bryant Baker's famous Pioneer Woman in Ponca City, Oklahoma. Their daughter holds a large bouquet of flowers. At their feet are a plow and a dog. Originally located at a highway intersection in north Johnson City, the monument was relocated in 1990 to accommodate a highway improvement project.					Image available here
68	Leo Friedlander	The Covered Wagon	The Covered Wagon	marble	Oregon Capitol building	44.938745, -123.030406	44.938745	-123.030406	Salem, OR	1937	circa 1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family		Capitol	Oregon		In 1935, the Oregon statehouse burned to the ground. At the height of the Great Depression, Oregon relied in part on Works Progress Administration funding to build a grand new capitol building. Rather than recreate the copper-domed design typical of American state capitol buildings, Oregon erected a simple Modernistic design adorned with a pair of architectural sculptures depicting the Lewis and Clark Expedition and a family traveling on the Oregon Trail. In this covered wagon relief, the father steps boldly westward; his young son mimics his movement, but is held back by his kneeling mother.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Friedlander-covered-wagon-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
69	Avard T. Fairbanks	New Frontiers	New Frontiers	bronze	LDS Conference Center, Temple Square	40.772152, -111.892969	40.772152	-111.892969	Salt Lake City, UT	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon	Originally sculpted in wax as a companion to "Tragedy at Winter Quarters" for the Chicago World's Fair in 1934, this monument was much later cast in bronze and placed inside the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' 21,000-seat Conference Center that was built adjacent to Temple Square in Salt Lake City in 2000.	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/New-Frontiers-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
70	Merrell Gage	Pioneer Women of Kansas	Pioneer Women of Kansas	bronze	Kansas Capitol grounds	39.047390, -95.678890	39.047390	-95.678890	Topeka, KS	1937	1937	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	Rifle	Capitol	Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Topeka-Gage-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
71	Hugo Villa	German Pioneers of Texas	German Pioneers of Texas	bronze	Landa Park	29.710975, -98.132590	29.710975	-98.132590	New Braunfels, TX	1938	1938	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family		Park	Texas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/New-Braunfels-German-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
72	Samuel Cashwan	Pioneer Mother	Pioneer Mother	stone	Clare Middle School	43.822794, -84.765098	43.822794	-84.765098	Clare, MI	1938	1938	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	staff?	School	Michigan		Clare High School students raised funds to erect this monument.
73	Gabriel Lavare	(Pioneer woman reading to child)	(Pioneer woman reading to child)	marble	Oregon State Library	44.939832, -123.030844	44.939832	-123.030844	Salem, OR	1939	circa 1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Woman	book	Capitol	Oregon				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/reading-mother-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
74	Byron S. Johnson	Humanity	Humanity	bronze	Pioneer Center grounds	39.524214, -119.812032	39.524214	-119.812032	Reno, NV	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family		City Hall / Theater	Nevada		This monument was originally erected in front of the Old State Building. The statue was salvaged when the Old State Building was demolished in 1966 to make space for a new theater. Originally to be called the Apollo Center, the new building with a modernist gold geodesic dome roof instead became known as the Pioneer Center for the Performing Arts, taking its name from the 1939 Johnson pioneer monument. The new building is known locally as the "Golden Turtle."		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Humanity-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
75	Elbert Porter	Swiss Colony Historical Marker	Swiss Colony Daughters of Utah Pioneers Historical Marker	plaster; concrete	Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints	37.133313, -113.653968	37.133313	-113.653968	Santa Clara, UT	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Family			Utah				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Santa-Clara-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Santa-Clara-2.jpg	Joy Richie
76	Clarence Addison Shaler	Pioneers of Wisconsin	Pioneers of Wisconsin	bronze	Wilcox Park	43.627496, -88.725015	43.627496	-88.725015	Waupun, WI	1939	1939	Pioneer Mother Movement	Man and Woman		Park	Wisconsin
77	Alfonso Iannelli	Fountain of the Pioneers	Fountain of the Pioneers	concrete	Bronson Park	42.290210, -85.585541	42.29021	-85.585541	Kalamazoo, MI	1940	Dedicated 1940	Family Monuments	Other		Park	Michigan		Depicts a westward-facing white settler facing an American Indian wearing a feathered headdress. The artist explained that "the scheme of the fountain conveys the advance of the pioneers and the generations that follow, showing the movement westward, culminating in the tower-symbol of the pioneer while the Indian is shown in a posture of noble resistance, yet being absorbed as the white man advances; the pattern of the parapet rail indicates the rich vegetation and produce of the land." (https://www.kpl.gov/local-history/parks/fountain.aspx)
78	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneering	Pioneering	bronze	Temple Square	40.770064, -111.893688	40.770064	-111.893688	Salt Lake City, UT	1942	1942	Family Monuments	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon	Relief Society Magazine (29, no. 9: 1) explained that this family group – consisting of “a stalwart father, a tender mother, an infant child, a sturdy boy – typifies the Mormon family as it ventured forth into the unknown West.”	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Pioneering-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
79	Avard T. Fairbanks	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family Group	bronze	North Dakota Capitol grounds	46.817782, -100.782831	46.817782	-100.782831	Bismarck, ND	1946	1946	Family Monuments	Family		Capitol	North Dakota		Casting of this pioneer family grouping was delayed due to metal shortages during World War II. It was one of the first pioneer monuments to depict a pioneer family. The father plays the central role in this family unit, which also includes an adolescent son and a baby in its mother's arms.	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ND-PFam-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/ND-PFam-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
80	Torleif S. Knaphus	Handcart Pioneer	Handcart Pioneer Monument	bronze	LDS Temple Square	40.769609, -111.892889	40.769609	-111.892889	Salt Lake City, UT	1947	1947	Family Monuments	Family		Temple Square	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Knaphus-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
81	Mahonri M. Young	This is the Place	This is the Place Monument	bronze	This is the Place Park	40.752013, -111.816173	40.752013	-111.816173	Salt Lake City, UT	1947	1947	Family Monuments	Group		Historic Site / Museum	Utah	Mormon	In 1937, a state commission selected a grandson of Brigham Young to design this monument celebrating Brigham Young guiding Mormon migrants to Utah. It was dedicated on the centennial of their arrival in Salt Lake Valley.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/TITP-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
82	Marshall M. Fredericks	Early Kentucky Settlers	Early Kentucky Settlers	bronze	Courier-Journal building	38.247193, -85.761098	38.247193	-85.761098	Louisville, KY	1948	1948	Family Monuments	Man and Woman			Kentucky				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Louisville-relief-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
83	Alonzo Victor Lewis	Prospector	The Prospector	bronze	Pioneers Home grounds	57.049797, -135.338154	57.049797	-135.338154	Sitka, AK	1949	commissioned 1926; erected 1949	Family Monuments	Man			Alaska		Commissioned in 1926 by the Seattle Alaska Yukon Pioneers. Statue committee disbanded in 1942, and model placed in storage. Finally cast and erected in Sitka, Alaska, using funds from the state's Pioneer Monument Fund. Smaller model for this heroic-sized bronze erected in Seattle's Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park at Pioneer Square.		https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=SAAM-SAK000205_1
84	Unknown	Pioneer Memorial	Pioneer Memorial obelisk	quartzite	Hilltop overlooking Sioux Falls	43.5744007,-96.7117972	43.5744007	-96.7117972	Sioux Falls, SD	1949	1949		Other			South Dakota		Erected by the Minnehaha County Historical Society. The Society added a memorial block at the base of the obelisk in 2007.
85	Anna Belle Campbell	Prairie Family	Prairie Family / The Homesteaders	composite of concrete and stone	Mission Road traffic circle	39.004455, -94.630372	39.004455	-94.630372	Prairie Village, KS	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Family		Shopping Center	Kansas		This statue was originally purchased by J. C. Nichols Company to place at the entrance to the Prairie Village Shopping Center in an attempt to historicize this postwar Kansas City suburb. It was moved to a fountain at the entrance to the town in 2002.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Cartwright-Homesteaders-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
86	(Thomas) Puryear Mims	Mountain Group	Mountain Group / Pioneer Family	bronze	Cordell Hull State Office Building	36.165043, -86.783066	36.165043	-86.783066	Nashville, TN	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Family		Capitol	Tennessee
87	Unknown	Pioneer Mothers' Memorial	Pioneer Mothers' Memorial	stone	Pioneer Mothers Memorial Forest	38.541247, -86.453023	38.541247	-86.453023	Paoli, IN	1951	1951	Family Monuments	Other		Park	Indiana				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Paoli-wall-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
88	Jo Davidson	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	bronze	Pioneer Pipe Line Company	40.862100, -111.905710	40.8621	-111.90571	Woods Cross, UT	1953	1953	Family Monuments	Woman			Utah	Mormon
89	George Bauwens	Glendale Pioneers	Glendale Pioneers	bronze	Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints	37.315997, -112.595465	37.315997	-112.595465	Glendale, UT	1955	1955	Family Monuments	Other			Utah	Mormon
90	Francis Minturn Sedgwick; Vladimir Oslou	Laurel Hill Pioneer	Laurel Hill Pioneer Monument	bronze, marble and concrete	Cypress Lawn Memorial Park	37.671686, -122.457574	37.671686	-122.457574	Colma, CA	1955	1955	Family Monuments	Family		Cemetery	California		Remains of 35,000 California settlers were moved from San Francisco's Laurel Hill Cemetery to Colma's Cypress Lawn Memorial Park in 1946 so that the historic cemetery could be sold to real estate developers. Most original grave markers were used to construct a breakwater in the Marina. The Laurel Hill Cemetery Association commissioned tis monument to honor the settlers whose remains had been reinterred. It features a pioneer family and a relief of a covered wagon at the base of a concrete obelisk.
91	Frederic Littman	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman / Joy / Young Pioneer Woman / Laberee Memorial Fountain / Mother/Child	bronze	Council Crest Park	45.498358, -122.708010	45.498358	-122.70801	Portland, OR	1956	1956	Family Monuments	Woman		Park	Oregon		Images available at https://racc.org/public-art/search/?recid=812.182.
92	Avard T. Fairbanks	Guidance of Youth	Guidance of Youth	bronze	Bush's Pasture Park	44.930173, -123.039663	44.930173	-123.039663	Salem, OR	1958	1958	Family Monuments	Family		Park	Oregon		Carroll Moore left his life savings to pay for a pioneer monument for Salem, Oregon. Plans to purchase a nude Pierre-Auguste Renoir Venus Victorious statue sparked controversy. The committee instead selected Avard Fairbanks' depiction of a pioneer family; the strapping young son leads the way into the future. Fairbanks adapted earlier Oregon Trail imagery for an Oregon Centennial medallion on the rear of the monument.	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Guidance-of-Youth-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Guidance-of-Youth-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
93	Avard T. Fairbanks	Oregon Centennial Medallion	Oregon Centennial Medallion	bronze	Bush's Pasture Park	44.930173, -123.039663	44.930173	-123.039663	Salem, OR	1958	1958	Family Monuments	Family		Park	Oregon		Fairbanks adapted earlier Oregon Trail imagery for this Oregon Centennial medallion. The pioneer man rides a horse, while his wife rides in the covered wagon holding an infant. In the foreground, their son drives the ox team.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Oregon-Centennial-medallion-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
94	Gordon Shumaker	Pioneer Woman	Pioneer Woman	fiberglass	in front of Pioneer Portrait Hall, Minnesota State Fairgrounds	44.979056, -93.170776	44.979056	-93.170776	St. Paul, MN	1958	1958	Family Monuments	Woman		Fair	Minnesota				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mpls-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
95	Leonard McMurry	Pioneers of 1889	Pioneers of 1889	bronze	Kerr Couch Park	35.469512, -97.515126	35.469512	-97.515126	Oklahoma City, OK	1959	1959	Family Monuments	Other			Oklahoma
96	Unknown	(Pioneer Woman and Child)	(Pioneer Woman and Child)	painted concrete	Western Savings Bank Building	33.415740, -111.874692	33.415740	-111.874692	Mesa, AZ	1960	circa 1960	Family Monuments	Woman			Arizona				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mesa-PM-edited.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
97	Wheeler Williams	Pioneer Mother of Kansas	Pioneer Mother of Kansas	bronze	Public Library lawn, Cooper Park	37.043526, -100.922119	37.043526	-100.922119	Liberal, KS	1961	designed 1927; erected 1961	Family Monuments	Woman		Library	Kansas		Originally submitted to the Ponca City, Oklahoma, Pioneer Woman competition, this piece was later cast in bronze for Liberal, Kansas.					Image available here
98	William Zorach	The Family	The Family	bronze	Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center	38.845337, -104.826071	38.845337	-104.826071	Colorado Springs, CO	1964	1964	Family Monuments	Family		Bank	Colorado		Selected by a panel of experts to be erected as part of the Texas Centennial celebration in 1936, this "Pioneer Family Group" monument design was rejected by the people of Texas as being an inappropriate way to commemorate pioneer women, and inappropriate for erection on the Texas Woman's College campus at Denton. In 1964 it was cast in bronze and erected in downtown Colorado Springs under the title "The Family." In the 1990s, the Colorado Springs casting was sold at auction, but another casting of the same work was donated to the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center. (Photo shown is of the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center's statue, which once stood in front of a Pueblo, Colorado, bank.)		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Zorach-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
99	William Zorach	The Family	The Family	bronze	Columbia Savings Bank (later moved to Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center)	38.267993, -104.608453	38.267993	-104.608453	Pueblo, CO	1964	1964; relocated 1994	Family Monuments	Family		Bank	Colorado		Selected by a panel of experts to be erected as part of the Texas Centennial celebration in 1936, this "Pioneer Family Group" monument design was rejected by the people of Texas as being an inappropriate way to commemorate pioneer women, and inappropriate for erection on the Texas Woman's College campus at Denton. In 1964 it was cast in bronze and erected in downtown Pueblo, Colorado, under the title "The Family." In 1994 it was donated to the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Zorach-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
100	Susan M. Pogzeba	Homage to the Pioneer	Homage to the Pioneer	bronze	Zeckendorf Park	39.72714,-104.9865714	39.72714	-104.9865714	Denver, CO	1968	1968	Family Monuments	Family		Park	Colorado				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Pogzeba-Denver-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
101	Charles B. Martin	Arizona's Pioneer Women	Arizona's Pioneer Women	copper	Wesley Bolin Plaza	33.448130, -112.094290	33.44813	-112.09429	Phoenix, AZ	1968	1968	Family Monuments	Woman		Capitol	Arizona				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Arizona-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
102	Pete Felten, Jr.	Pioneer Family Statue	Pioneer Family Statue	limestone	North Penn Avenue	39.8243193,-100.528994	39.8243193	-100.528994	Oberlin, KS	1971	1971	Family Monuments	Family			Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Oberlin-PFam-dad-son-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Oberlin-PFam-mom-girl-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
103	James Earle Fraser	End of the Trail	The End of the Trail	plaster	National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum	35.536006, -97.483153	35.536006	-97.483153	Oklahoma City, OK	1971	1971	Family Monuments	Other		Art Museum	Oklahoma		Removed after end of PPIE fair in December 1915. Relocated to Mooney Grove Park, Visalia, California, in 1919. Restored and installed at National Cowboy Hall of Fame and Western Heritage Center in Oklahoma City, where it was dedicated in 1971.					Learn more
104	Granville W. Carter	West Texas Pioneer Family	West Texas Pioneer Family	bronze	Avenue Q at 13th St.	33.583333, -101.854722	33.583333	-101.854722	Lubbock, TX	1971	1971	Family Monuments	Family			Texas		Depicts a pioneer man holding a hoe, a woman holding a Bible and a daisy, and a boy holding a lariat.
105	Gus Shafer	Wagon Master	The Wagon Master	bronze	Intercontinental Hotel	39.039408, -94.593106	39.039408	-94.593106	Kansas City, MO	1973	1973	Family Monuments	Man			Missouri				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KC-Wagon-Master-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
106	Pete Felten, Jr.	Boot Hill Man	Boot Hill Cowboy / The Homesteader	limestone	Boot Hill Cemetery	38.878528, -99.327725	38.878528	-99.327725	Hays, KS	1973	1973	Family Monuments	Man		Cemetery	Kansas
107	Gordan Dingman	Life Sketches	Life Sketches	brick	16 N Minnesota St.	44.313850, -94.459376	44.313850	-94.459376	New Ulm, MN	1974	1974	Family Monuments	Group			Minnesota				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/New-Ulm-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/New-Ulm-2.jpg	Michael Lansing
108	Edward J. Fraughton	Mormon Pioneer Memorial	Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument / "All is Well"	bronze	Brigham Young Family Memorial Cemetery	40.770287, -111.885657	40.770287	-111.885657	Salt Lake City, UT	1974	1974	Family Monuments	Family			Utah	Mormon	Commissioned by the National Society of the Sons of Utah Pioneers
109	Allen G. Newman	Pioneer	Pioneer	bronze	Lake Avenue and Lakeshore Drive	42.636676, -95.200955	42.636676	-95.200955	Storm Lake, IA	1974	1974	Early Monuments	Man			Iowa		Bronze recasting of Newman's 1910 zinc sculpture that had been badly damaged. Paid for with funds raised for the Storm Lake Centennial in 1973.
110	Pete Felten, Jr.	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family / Volga German Immigrant Family	limestone	Corner of 19th & Cathedral	38.856357, -99.151051	38.856357	-99.151051	Victoria, KS	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Family		Historic Site	Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Victoria-Ger-Rus-1.jpg		Juti Winchester
111	Ann Opgenorth and Donna Marihar	Five Figures	Five Figures for Five Flags (Pioneers Sculpture)	bronze	Cathedral Square	42.495283, -90.666546	42.495283	-90.666546	Dubuque, IA	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Group		Park	Iowa				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Dubuque-5-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Dubuque-5-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
112	Richard Bergen	Heritage Woman	Heritage Woman	bronze	Heritage Park	37.684694, -97.337523	37.684694	-97.337523	Wichita, KS	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Woman		Museum	Kansas		This nude pioneer woman was warmly received amid U.S. Bicentennial celebrations. In recent years it has been vandalized repeatedly. Offsite for repairs as of Fall 2016.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/HeritageSquare.jpg		Courtesy of City of Wichita Park and Recreation Department
113	W. Walter Campbell	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	limestone	Blair County Courthouse	40.430007, -78.392477	40.430007	-78.392479	Hollidaysburg, PA	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Family			Pennsylvania		Erected to commemorate the nation's Bicentennial.					https://learninglab.si.edu/resources/view/122447#
114	Rich Muno	Pioneer Man	Pioneer Man	bronze	Clinton City Hall	35.515646, -98.965352	35.515646	-98.965352	Clinton, OK	1976	1976	Family Monuments	Man			Oklahoma		Man wearing wide-brimmed hat, collared work shirt and pants held up by suspenders. Holds an ax in his proper right hand. A Winchester rifle stands propped up to his left. Dedicated July 4, 1976, amid U.S. Bicentennial celebrations.
115	Frederick A. Olds	Statehood	Statehood (Oklahoma)	bronze	Oklahoma Territorial Museum front entrance	35.878201, -97.421013	35.878201	-97.421013	Guthrie, OK	1977	1977	Family Monuments	Man and Woman		Museum	Oklahoma		Depicts a wedding ceremony between a white cowboy and Miss Indian Territory.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Guthrie-Statehood-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
116	George Bassett	Delavan Pioneers	Delavan Pioneers / Land is Our Heritage	bronze	2nd Street park	43.767564, -94.019145	43.767564	-94.019145	Delavan, MN	1977	1977	Family Monuments	Man and Woman			Minnesota		Dedicated during the town's centennial in 1977.
117	Avard T. Fairbanks	American Family	The American Family	bronze	Utah County courthouse lawn	40.232651, -111.658378	40.232651	-111.658378	Provo, UT	1978	1978	Family Monuments	Family		Courthouse	Utah	Mormon	Avard Fairbanks first proposed this monument depicting his religious vision of a child kneeling at his father's knee in prayer to the First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the 1940s. It was not cast in bronze until the 1970s, when it was erected on the courthouse lawn in Provo, Utah. Working titles that reflected Fairbanks' LDS faith -- "God Bless this Home" and "The Eternal Family" -- were later replaced by the more inclusive "The American Family."	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Am-Family-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
118	Avard T. Fairbanks	American Motherhood	American Motherhood	marble	Utah County courthouse	40.232807, -111.658012	40.232807	-111.658012	Provo, UT	1979	1979	Family Monuments	Woman		Courthouse	Utah	Mormon	The woman in this sculpture closely resembles the pioneer women in earlier Avard Fairbanks bronzes, including the nearby The American Family and Fairbanks’ 1946 North Dakota Pioneer Family Group. Models of this statue are presented to local, state, and national Mother of the Year recipients by the inter-faith American Mothers, Inc.	blue	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Am-Motherhood-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
119	Pershing Geiger	The Homesteader	The Homesteader	bronze	Homesteader Plaza	42.849947, -106.322029	42.849947	-106.322029	Casper, WY	1979	1979	Family Monuments	Man			Wyoming
120	Christian Petersen	Madonna of the Prairie	Madonna of the Prairie / Prairie Woman	limestone	Iowa State University College of Education	42.029720, -93.645397	42.029720	-93.645397	Ames, IA	1982	circa 1940; erected 1982	Culture Wars	Woman		Campus	Iowa				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Christian-Petersen-Madonna-1.jpg		Pamela Riney-Kehrberg
121	Steve Shields	Pioneer	Pioneer	copper	Pioneer Cemetery	36.864302, -87.492711	36.864302	-87.492711	Hopkinsville, KY	1984	1984	Culture Wars	Man			Kentucky
122	Jack Cartlidge	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family / Pioneer Family Hears a Sound is it Bears or Billy Bowlegs?	copper	City Hall	27.337667, -82.539967	27.337667	-82.539967	Sarasota, FL	1984	1984	Culture Wars	Family			Florida
123	Charlie Norton	Spirit of the Prairie	Spirit of the Prairie	bronze	Thomas County Courthouse	39.396089, -101.043197	39.396089	-101.043197	Colby, KS	1985	1985	Culture Wars	Woman		Courthouse	Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Colby-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
124	Mike Capser	Pioneer's Vision	Pioneer's Vision	bronze with patina	First Interstate Bank Building	45.783654, -108.512395	45.783654	-108.512395	Billings, MT	1985	1985	Culture Wars	Family		Bank	Montana				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Pioneers-Vision-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Pioneers-Vision-2.jpg	Pamela Pierce
125	Bill Nebeker	Early Settlers	Early Settlers	bronze	Memorial Island Park	34.544507, -112.454130	34.544507	-112.45413	Prescott, AZ	1985	1985	Culture Wars	Group			Arizona		Four figures back-to-back in a circle: pioneer woman wearing a sunbonnet and holding a Bible, rancher holding a rope, wagon master with a whip, and miner with a gold pan.					https://walkingprescott.blogspot.com/2008/11/prescotts-heroic-bronzes.html
126	Thomas L. Beard	Pioneer Square	Pioneer Square Monument	bronze	Pioneer Square	39.053690, -94.590608	39.053690	-94.590608	Westport, MO	1986	1986	Heritage Tourism	Group			Missouri				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Westport-Pioneer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
127	Greg Todd	They Came to Stay	They Came to Stay	bronze	Sherman County Courthouse grounds	39.350941, -101.710171	39.350941	-101.710171	Goodland, KS	1987	1987	Culture Wars	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/They-came-to-stay-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
128	Harold T. Holden	Boomer	Boomer	bronze	Cherokee Strip Conference Center	36.395333, -97.879050	36.395333	-97.87905	Enid, OK	1987	1987	Culture Wars	Man			Oklahoma				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Enid-Boomer-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
129	Claude H. Pomeroy	Mesa Pioneer Monument	Mesa Pioneer Monument / Pioneer Park Statue	bronze	Pioneer Park	33.415310, -111.819606	33.415310	-111.819606	Mesa, AZ	1988	1988	Culture Wars	Group		Park	Arizona				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mesa-Pioneers-famous-men-edited.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Mesa-Pioneers-PM-edited.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
130	Orville Quick	Pioneer Woman and Child	Pioneer Woman and Child	concrete	McCone County Museum	47.413693, -105.590447	47.413693	-105.590447	Circle, MT	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Woman		Museum	Montana				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Orville-Quick-PM-1.jpg		Pamela Pierce
131	Lyndon Fayne Pomeroy	Pioneer Canal Digger	Pioneer Canal Digger	steel	Pioneer Park	44.017125, -107.956251	44.017125	-107.956251	Worland, WY	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Man		Park	Wyoming
132	Michael Westergard	With Courage They Came	With Courage They Came	bronze	Sheridan County Civic Center	48.770327, -104.539134	48.770327	-104.539134	Plentywood, MT	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Family		Civic Center	Montana				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/With-Courage-They-Came-1.jpg		Pamela Pierce
133	George O. Cornish	Pioneer Gratitude	Pioneer Gratitude	bronze	Hurricane Valley Heritage Park	37.176575, -113.288822	37.176575	-113.288822	Hurricane, UT	1989	1989	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Hurricane-1.jpg		Joy Richie
134	Dee Jay Bawden	Sons of Utah Pioneers	Sons of Utah Pioneers Pioneer Monument	bronze	Founders Park	40.920319, -111.878706	40.920319	-111.878706	Centerville City, UT	1990	1990	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Bawden-Centerville-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
135	Juan Lombardo-Rivera	Pioneer Woman	The Pioneer Woman	bronze	National Frontier Trails Museum	39.086795, -94.419227	39.086795	-94.419227	Independence, MO	1990	1990; stolen and destroyed 2013	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Museum	Missouri		Stolen in 2013 and sold for scrap metal. The city of Independence has vowed to replace it with a similar statue.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Rivera-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
136	Pat Mathiesen	Spirit of the Frontier	Spirit of the Frontier	bronze	Frontier Village shopping center, Yavapai-Prescott Reservation	34.549235, -112.437700	34.549235	-112.437700	Prescott, AZ	1990	1990	Culture Wars	Woman		Shopping Center	Arizona		Erected at the height of the "New Western History" on Yavapai reservation lands, this monument appears to depict indigenous and Anglo-American mothers as equals. But Mathiesen balanced inclusivity with more traditional Turnerian frontier imagery. Mathiesen paired a traditional pioneer mother and son with a Yavapai woman holding a baby. Yet the artist did not treat the two women equally. The white pioneer gazes confidently into the future, her hands resting proudly on the shoulders of her school-aged son. Like pioneer family monuments from the 1950s, the books clasped in his arm and proud expression on his face assure the viewer that the boy is preparing to lead the nation. In contrast, the indigenous mother gazes downward at her infant strapped tightly to a cradle board, suggesting the backwardness of such cultural persistence. The wagon wheel standing between the Anglo and Indian figures visually ties them together, but also promises progress toward a more white and civilized future.This inclusive imagery seems at odd with the Turnerian title celebrating the frontier.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Spirit-of-the-Frontier-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
137	Burke Rutherford	(Pioneer Woman)	(Pioneer Woman)	bronze with patina	Pioneer Park	44.016957, -107.956691	44.016957	-107.956691	Worland, WY	1992	1992	Culture Wars	Woman		Park	Wyoming				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Worland-PM-1.jpg		Angela Harrison-Urlacher	Another casting of this statue
138	David Manuel	The Promised Land	The Promised Land	painted bronze	Chapman Square	45.515339, -122.677615	45.515339	-122.677615	Portland, OR	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Family		Park	Oregon				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Promised-Land-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
139	George Wayne Lundeen	Promise of the Prairie	Promise of the Prairie	bronze	Lincoln Park	40.424413, -104.693510	40.424413	-104.69351	Greeley, CO	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Family			Colorado
140	George Wayne Lundeen	Promise of the Prairie	Promise of the Prairie	bronze	City Hall	39.862317, -105.048500	39.862317	-105.0485	Westminster, CO	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Family			Colorado
141	Bill Bennett	Hopes and Dreams	Hopes and Dreams	bronze	Noble County Courthouse grounds	36.286652, -97.286272	36.286652	-97.286272	Perry, OK	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Oklahoma
142	Harold T. Holden	Holding the Claim	Holding the Claim	bronze	Government Springs Park	36.392773, -97.870809	36.39277	-97.870809	Enid, OK	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Man		Historic site	Oklahoma				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Enid-Holding-the-Claim-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
143	Jo Saylors	This Land is Mine	This Land is Mine / Centennial Statue	bronze	City Hall	36.703368, -97.078039	36.703368	-97.078039	Ponca City, OK	1993	1993	Culture Wars	Man			Oklahoma		Commemorates centennial of the Cherokee Strip Land Run. The original title of the work, "This Land is Mine," was stripped from the work in response to protest from the local Indian community.
144	Dorothy L. Koelling	Hardship and Dreams	Hardship and Dreams	bronze	A. Price Woodard Park	37.683634, -97.342477	37.683634	-97.342477	Wichita, KS	1994	1994	Culture Wars	Woman			Kansas		1989 design; installed 1994		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Hardship-and-Dreams-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
145	Bernadette Hess Carman	Land of Hope	Land of Hope	bronze	County Courthouse grounds	36.881096, -97.053948	36.881096	-97.053948	Newkirk, OK	1994	1994	Culture Wars	Man and Woman		Courthouse	Oklahoma
146	Scott Stearman	Harvest Prayer	Harvest Prayer	bronze	MidAmerica Nazarene College campus	38.874243, -94.781752	38.874243	-94.781752	Olathe, KS	1994	1994	Culture Wars	Man and Woman		Campus	Kansas		Marks the junction of the Santa Fe and Oregon Trails in Olathe, Kansas.
147	Burke Rutherford	(Pioneer Woman)	(Pioneer Woman)	bronze with patina	New Mexico Highlands University	35.595649, -105.219289	35.595649	-105.219289	Las Vegas, NM	1995	1995	Culture Wars	Woman		Campus	New Mexico							Another casting of this statue
148	Clifford J. Carlson	Promise of America	The Promise of America (Norwegian-American Immigrant Family Monument)	bronze	N. 3rd Ave. E. near Hwy 971	43.422450, -93.515367	43.422450	-93.515367	Lake Mills, IA	1995	1995	Heritage Tourism	Family			Iowa				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Lake-Mills-Norwegian-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
149	Mike Cunningham	Walking to Texas	Walking to Texas	limestone	Liberty Plaza Park	32.939360, -97.078103	32.93936	-97.078105	Grapevine, TX	1996	1996	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman			Texas
150	Franz and Nathan Johansen	Handcart Pioneer	(Handcart Pioneer Monument)	bronze	Mormon Trail Center at Winter Quarters	41.335337, -95.965064	41.335337	-95.965064	Florence, NE	1997	1997	Heritage Tourism	Family		Museum	Nebraska	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/WQ-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
151	Linda Sioux Henley	Texas Pioneer Woman	Texas Pioneer Woman	bronze	Capitol lawn	30.275600, -97.740549	30.275600	-97.740549	Austin, TX	1998	1998	Culture Wars	Woman		Capitol	Texas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/TX-statehouse-PM-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
152	Jay O'Meilia	Frontier Woman	Frontier Woman	bronze	Gilcrease Museum	36.173942, -96.020629	36.173942	-96.020629	Tulsa, OK	1998	1998	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Art museum	Oklahoma
153	Tom Otterness	Gold Rush	Gold Rush	bronze	Robert T. Matsui U.S. Courthouse	38.583355, -121.499305	38.583355	-121.499305	Sacramento, CA	1999	1999	Heritage Tourism	Family		Courthouse	California				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Gold-Rush-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Gold-Rush-wagon-1.jpg	Aimee Duchsherer
154	Stanley J. Watts	Journey's End	Journey's End / Mormon Trail Monument / Handcart Monument	bronze	This is the Place Park	40.752574, -111.816556	40.752574	-111.816556	Salt Lake City, UT	1999	1999	Heritage Tourism	Family		Historic site / museum	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Journeys-End-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
155	D'Leanne Trueblood	Pioneer Classroom	Pioneer Classroom	bronze	Legacy Trail Park	35.220471, -97.443104	35.220471	-97.443104	Norman, OK	1999	1999	Culture Wars	Woman			Oklahoma
156	Jim Thomas	The Crossing	The Crossing	bronze	Chisholm Trail Crossing Park	30.511995, -97.689545	30.511995	-97.689545	Round Rock, TX	2000	2000	Heritage Tourism	Group		Historic site	Texas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Round-Rock-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Round-Rock-cow-swedish-1.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
157	Stanley J. Watts	Handcart Pioneers	Handcart Pioneers	bronze	Coralville Marriott	41.681759, -91.559271	41.681759	-91.559271	Coralville, IA	2000	circa 2000	Heritage Tourism	Family			Iowa	Mormon	Copy after Torleif Knaphus Handcart Pioneer Monument		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/marriott-handcart-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
158	Kwan Wu	Children of the Trails	Children of the Trails	bronze	Johnson County Courthouse grounds	38.882030, -94.820076	38.88203	-94.820076	Olathe, KS	2000	2000	Heritage Tourism	Other		Courthouse	Kansas
159	Trygve A. Rovelstad	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family Memorial	bronze	Kimball St. Bridge	42.041485, -88.288739	42.041485	-88.288739	Elgin, IL	2001	designed 1935; erected 2001	Heritage Tourism	Family			Illinois		Commissioned in 1935 to celebrate Elgin, Illinois' centennial, but fundraising efforts stalled during the Great Depression. The city later decided to erect a log cabin replica instead. The artist struggled throughout his lifetime to raise funds for a heroic-sized bronze casting. He completed the design with the assistance of his daughter, Annie Rovelstad-Lucky, in 1985. It was cast and erected after the artist's death as part of Elgin's riverfront redevelopment in 2001.		https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Elgin-setting-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
160	Jerry Anderson	Pioneer Mother Monument	Pioneer Mother Monument	bronze	Historic Relief Society Hall	37.130033, -113.513413	37.130033	-113.513413	Washington, UT	2001	2001	Heritage Tourism	Woman		Historic site	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Washington-City-1.jpg		Joy Richie
161	Mischell Riley	Stella at the Spring	Stella at the Spring	bronze	Roger T. Sermon Community Center	39.092670, -94.411288	39.09267	-94.411288	Independence, MO	2001	2001	Heritage Tourism	Woman			Missouri		A young pioneer woman carrying a bucket gazes off in the distance toward a companion piece, Mischell Riley's A Young Native American.
162	Avard T. Fairbanks	Old Oregon Trail	Old Oregon Trail	bronze	Oregon Trail Historic Reserves Park	43.542328, -116.109525	43.542328	-116.109525	Boise, ID	2002	1924; erected 2002	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman		Historic site	Idaho		Borrows from W.H.D. Koerner's famous 1921 oil painting Madonna of the Prairie, in which the wagon cover forms a kind of halo over the pioneer woman's head. First cast in 1924 for Seaside and Baker City, Oregon, this plaque was recast and repurposed many times.=HYPERLINK("https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Fairbanks-Old-Oregon-Trail-1.jpg","See image of another casting of this same work: ")	blue
163	David Alan Clark	Spirit of the Prairie	Spirit of the Prairie	bronze	Town Square	42.025775, -88.082205	42.025775	-88.082205	Schaumburg, IL	2002	2002	Heritage Tourism	Man and Woman		Shopping center	Illinois				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Schaumburg-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
164	Blair Buswell and Edward Fraughton	Pioneer Courage	Pioneer Courage	bronze	Pioneer Courage Park	41.260879, -95.935205	41.260879	-95.935205	Omaha, NE	2003	2003	Heritage Tourism	Group			Nebraska				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/pioneer-courage-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/pioneer-courage-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
165	Tom Otterness	Large Covered Wagon	Large Covered Wagon	bronze	Joslyn Art Museum	41.260399, -95.944953	41.260399	-95.944953	Omaha, NE	2004	2004	Heritage Tourism	Family		Art museum	Nebraska				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Otterness-wagon-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Otterness-wagon-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
166	Patrick Oliphant	Angelina Eberly	Angelina Eberly	bronze	downtown	30.268068,-97.742813	30.268068	-97.742813	Austin, TX	2004	2004	Heritage Tourism	Woman			Texas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Eberly-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
167	Chris L. Waddell	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	bronze	Herriman City Cemetery	40.524193, -112.034230	40.52419	-112.034232	Herriman, UT	2005	2005	Heritage Tourism	Family		Cemetery	Utah
168	Harriet Lee	Follow the Setting Sun	Follow the Setting Sun	stainless steel	Pioneer Museum grounds	38.830390, -104.822543	38.830390	-104.822543	Colorado Springs, CO	2005	2005	Heritage Tourism	Other		Museum	Colorado				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Follow-the-Setting-Sun-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
169	David Frech	Pioneer Woman and Child	Pioneer Woman and Child	bronze	Lovett Memorial Library	35.5376406,-100.9586196	35.5376406	-100.9586196	Pampa, TX	2005	2005	Culture Wars	Woman		Library	Texas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Pampa-PM-1.jpg		Anna Prescott
170	Chris L. Waddell	Pioneer Family	Pioneer Family	bronze	City Park	40.166495, -111.610879	40.166495	-111.610879	Springville, UT	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Family		Park	Utah	Mormon			https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Springville-PFam-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
171	Tom Otterness	Large Covered Wagon	Large Covered Wagon	bronze	Pioneer Park	46.066264, -118.316816	46.066264	-118.316816	Walla Walla, WA	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Family		Park	Washington
172	Charles Goslin	Dick Williams, Wagon Master	Dick Williams, Wagon Master	concrete and bronze	Pioneer Crossing Park	39.014411, -94.706410	39.014411	-94.70641	Shawnee, KS	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Man			Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-master-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
173	Charles Goslin	Pioneer Crossing	(Pioneer Crossing)	brick and bronze with patina	Pioneer Crossing Park	39.014411, -94.706410	39.014411	-94.70641	Shawnee, KS	2006	2006	Heritage Tourism	Group			Kansas				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-train-1.jpg	https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Shawnee-train-2.jpg	Cynthia Prescott
174	Harold T. Holden	The Homesteaders	The Homesteaders	bronze	Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center	36.391076, -97.873226	36.391076	-97.873226	Enid, OK	2007	2007	Heritage Tourism	Family		Museum	Oklahoma				https://pioneermonuments.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Enid-Homesteaders-1.jpg		Cynthia Prescott
175	Jim Dodson?	Oklahoma Centennial	Oklahoma Centennial		Pioneer Park	36.709416, -97.078080	36.709416	-97.07808	Ponca City, OK	2007	2007	New Directions	Other		Park	Oklahoma
176	Jim Dodson?	Oklahoma Centennial	Oklahoma Centennial		Eastman National Bank	36.88223333, -97.05341667	36.88223333	-97.05341667	Newkirk, OK	2007	2007	New Directions	Other		Bank	Oklahoma
177	Paul Moore	Brand New State	Brand New State / Centennial Land Run Monument	bronze	Bricktown Canal	35.461063, -97.505173	35.461063	-97.505173	Oklahoma City, OK	2007	2007	Heritage Tourism	Group			Oklahoma
178	Calvin L. Graybill	Pioneer Man and Woman	(Pioneer Man and Woman)	granite	Courthouse Square Park	36.803953, -98.664732	36.803953	-98.664732	Alva, OK	2007	20