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Notes to Financial Projections Model
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*** PLEASE READ - This model is a template and contains hypothetical data to illustrate how all formulas & integrations flow - You will need to change / insert your own data ***
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General Notes:
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Stmts Summ & Stmts Monthly tabs contain detailed & summary monthly & quarterly Income Statements, Balance Sheets and Cash Flows for 2 years; future years more summarized & uses general % change cells
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Stmts Monthly tab contains several calculations at bottom that provide support to certain items on Income Stmt & Balance Sheet
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Revenues & Deal Profiles tabs contain a pretty straightforward revenue model - a "named" forecast by customer & product; many situations are more complex and will require more build up calculations
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Use "Toggle Cell" in Revenues tab to run "What If" bookings attainment scenarios - What happens to results & cash if we hit revenues of 90%, 75%, etc.
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Emp Input tab contains detail of all current and To Be Hired (TBH) positions by month for 2 years; costs & headcount updated through rest of model
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Op Exp Summ auto rolls up all Operating Exps for all Depts by month for 2 years
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Individual Depts auto roll up into Eng Summ and Sales & Mktg Summ as appropriate, which then roll up into Op Exp Summ tab
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There are 4 hidden dept tabs that can be used for easy expansion - plus they're already built into summarizing formulas so simply unhide them to use
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Each Dept tab contains very detailed monthly exps for 2 years plus rows at bottom to list & calculate range of expense items
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Many individual expense line items are contained in Dept tabs so you think more about the changes you are making
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Keep Dept structure (rows) the same in all tabs - to maintain current summarizing formulas
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Cap Ex tab details all Cap Expenditures & related Depreciation by month for 2 years, auto-updates Income Stmt, Balance Sheet & Cash Flow
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Exp Assumps tab - contains examples of global data used in Depts expenses tabs; can expand use as wanted
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Variable input cells are blue text with green background, allows for sensitivity testing; many inputs for individual expense line items are contained in Dept tabs so you think more about & see the changes you are making
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Income Statement:
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Bookings & Revenue
See Deal Profiles & Revenue tabs; Revenues start to be recognized 1 Qtr after Booking
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SW Subscriptions
Revenues recognized over annual / 12 month periods
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Implementation Fees & Consulting Fees
Revenues recognized in 3rd month / 1 Qtr after Booking
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Customer Renewal / Churn Rate
Assumed to be minimal / immaterial
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Cost of SW & Services
Used average costs of providing software & services for each year in Deal Profiles tab
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Cost of Hosting
Used estimated % costs to provide hosting for customer
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Cost of Services
Used estimated % costs to provide services for customer
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Salaries
See Emp Input tab, contains sections for both Employees & Contractors
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Commissions
see Sales dept tab, assumed 10% in 2020 & 8% in 2021 on Bookings, pay sales reps 30 days after end of quarter in which comms are earned
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Employer Payroll Taxes
see Exp Assumps tab
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Benefits - Health Insurance & Retirement Plan
see Exp Assumps tab
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Sales Team
Team ramps us as reflected in Emp Input tab
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Travel
Ave trip @ $1,200; can insert # of projected trips in each dept tab to customize
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Contractors
Emp Input tab allows for entry of Contractor resources & costs
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Audit, Tax, Accounting
General allowance for accounting & tax prep by external service providers
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Legal
includes contract & corporate work and guidance
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Patent Fees
Assumed modest level for now
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Marketing (multiple activities)
Lots of cells at bottom of Mktg tab to list & calculate whole range of possible activities
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Non-Recurring Dev Fees (NRE) - External
Placeholder to engage external firm(s) for certain product development - None assumed
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Rent / Utilities
See calculations at bottom of G & A tab
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Telecomm / Internet / Email / Web Hosting
General monthly estimates
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Insurance - Liability / WC / E&O / D&O / Cyber
Assumed modest levels for now, will depend on customer contractual requirements
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Income Taxes
No income taxes reflected as the entity is an LLC and profits & losses pass through to members
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Funding / Cash Flow:
No funding yet inserted into model - to allow you to see the raw cash balance - to help determine amount of funding needed
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Customer Invoicing / Cash Collections
Assumed to send invoice at Go Live date (90 days after Booking), then collect 2 months after invoice / DSO = 60 days
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Convertible Notes (or SAFEs)
Common funding vehicle for early stage - punts valuation of company to later / first round of external funding
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Preferred Stock
External fundraise beyond angel round is typically sale of Preferred Stock (Series A/B/C Preferred)
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Debt Issuance Fees - Conv Notes
Legal fees for Convertible Note fundraise (a debt) should be amortized over (expected) term of notes
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Debt Issuance Fees - Pref Stock / Series A,B,etc
Legal fees for a Preferred Stock fundraise (an equity) should be netted against its proceeds & recorded as contra amount in Equity section
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Notes Conversion (or SAFEs)
Assume notes will eventually be converted into preferred stock fundraise at some conversion formula to be negotiated
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Interest Accrual - Series A
Accrue interest on any Convertible Notes and / or Preferred Stock offerings
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Alternative Funding
Pursue Venture Debt & economic development funding if viable
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Acc Rec Based Line of Credit
Pursue bank Line of Credit based on level of Accounts Receivable when viable - will likely be at least 2 years after start
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Sales Commissions
While comm expense is recognized in month of sale, payout to Sales Rep delayed to 30 days after end of Qtr in which Booking is achieved
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Cap Ex & Depreciation
Cap Ex tab includes detail capital purchases and related depreciation for first 2 years, flows into Income Stmt, Balance Sheet & Cash Flow
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