| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | U.S. House Special Elections, 1957-Present | ||||||||||||||||
2 | Compiled by Greg Giroux (Twitter @greggiroux) | ||||||||||||||||
3 | RED-shaded row means district flipped from Democratic to Republican control; BLUE-shaded row means district flipped from Republican to Democratic. All contests D-vs-R unless otherwise noted. | ||||||||||||||||
4 | The "DATE" column refers to when the winning candidate clinched a berth in Congress. The "RESULT" column lists the vote percentages for the top two candidates. In some cases the winner and runner-up were of the same political party. Some special elections drew higher participation because they coincided with regularly scheduled elections. | ||||||||||||||||
5 | DATE | State | CD | Winner | Winner's Party | Result (%s) | Runner-Up | Vacated By | Party | Date Vacated | Days from Vacancy to Election | Reason for Vacancy | Votes Cast | White House's Party | Winner's Swearing-In Date | Days from Special Election to Swearing-In | Notes |
6 | 12/2/25 | Tennessee | 7 | Mark Green | R | 7/20/25 | 135 | resigned/private sector job | R | ||||||||
7 | 11/4/2025 | Texas | 18 | Sylvester Turner | D | 3/5/2025 | death | R | Nov. 4 all-party, all-candidate election requires majority vote to win outright; otherwise runoff | ||||||||
8 | 9/23/2025 | Arizona | 7 | Adelita Grijalva | D | 69-30 (unofficial) | Daniel Butierez | Raúl Grijalva | D | 3/13/25 | 194 | death | R | ||||
9 | 9/9/2025 | Virginia | 11 | James Walkinshaw | D | 75-25 | Stewart Whitson | Gerry Connolly | D | 5/21/2025 | 111 | death | R | 9/10/2025 | 1 | ||
10 | 4/1/2025 | Florida | 6 | Randy Fine | R | 57-43 | Josh Weil | Mike Waltz | R | 1/20/2025 | 71 | resigned/Trump national security adviser | 195,800 | R | 4/2/2025 | 1 | |
11 | 4/1/2025 | Florida | 1 | Jimmy Patronis | R | 57-42 | Gay Valimont | Matt Gaetz | R | 11/13/2024 | 139 | resigned | 171,248 | R | 4/2/2025 | 1 | https://dos.fl.gov/communications/press-releases/2024/press-release-florida-department-of-state-announces-special-election-dates-for-vacated-florida-congressional-district/ |
12 | 11/5/2024 | Texas | 18 | Erica Lee Carter | D | 68-22 | Maria Dunn | Sheila Jackson Lee | D | 7/19/2024 | 109 | death | 215,505 | D | 11/12/2024 | 7 | |
13 | 11/5/2024 | Wisconsin | 8 | Tony Wied | R | 57-43 | Kristin Lyerly | Mike Gallagher | R | 4/24/2024 | 195 | resigned | 423,431 | D | 11/12/2024 | 7 | |
14 | 9/18/2024 | New Jersey | 10 | LaMonica McIver | D | 81-16 | Carmen Bucco | Donald Payne Jr. | D | 4/24/2024 | 147 | death | 33,666 | D | 9/23/2024 | 5 | |
15 | 6/25/2024 | Colorado | 4 | Greg Lopez | R | 58-34 | Trisha Calvarese | Ken Buck | R | 3/22/2024 | 95 | resigned | 171,402 | D | 7/8/2024 | 13 | |
16 | 6/11/2024 | Ohio | 6 | Michael Rulli | R | 55-45 | Michael Kripchak | Bill Johnson | R | 1/21/2024 | 142 | resigned/university president | 59,932 | D | 6/25/2024 | 14 | |
17 | 5/21/2024 | California | 20 | Vince Fong | R | 61-39 | Mike Boudreaux (R) | Kevin McCarthy | R | 12/31/2023 | 142 | resigned | 83,595 | D | 6/3/2024 | 13 | |
18 | 4/30/2024 | New York | 26 | Tim Kennedy | D | 69-31 | Gary Dickson | Brian Higgins | D | 2/2/2024 | 88 | resigned/private sector job | 70,032 | D | 5/6/2024 | 6 | |
19 | 2/13/2024 | New York | 3 | Tom Suozzi | D | 54-46 | Mazi Pilip | George Santos | R | 12/1/2023 | 74 | Santos expelled | 172,473 | D | 2/28/2024 | 15 | |
20 | 11/21/2023 | Utah | 2 | Celeste Maloy | R | 57-33 | Kathleen Riebe | Chris Stewart | R | 9/15/2023 | 67 | resigned/wife's health | 158,124 | D | 11/28/2023 | 7 | |
21 | 11/7/2023 | Rhode Island | 1 | Gabe Amo | D | 65-35 | Gerry Leonard | David Cicilline | D | 6/1/2023 | 159 | resigned/Rhode Island Foundation president & CEO | 66,876 | D | 11/13/2023 | 6 | |
22 | 2/21/2023 | Virginia | 4 | Jennifer McClellan | D | 74-25 | Leon Benjamin | Donald McEachin | D | 11/28/2022 | 85 | death | 110,252 | D | 3/7/2023 | 14 | |
23 | 11/8/2022 | Indiana | 2 | Rudy Yakym | R | 63-33 | Paul Steury | Jackie Walorski | R | 8/3/2022 | 97 | death | 188,033 | D | 11/14/2022 | 6 | to fill remainder of unexpired term |
24 | 8/23/2022 | New York | 19 | Pat Ryan | D | 51-49 | Marc Molinaro | Antonio Delgado | D | 5/25/2022 | 90 | resigned/became NY Lt Gov | 132,155 | D | 9/13/2022 | 21 | |
25 | 8/23/2022 | New York | 23 | Joe Sempolinski | R | 53-47 | Max Della Pia | Tom Reed | R | 5/10/2022 | 105 | resigned/Prime Policy Group job | 74,203 | D | 9/13/2022 | 21 | |
26 | 8/16/2022 | Alaska | AL | Mary Peltola | D | 51.5-48.5 | Sarah Palin | Don Young | R | 3/18/2022 | 151 | death | 177,292 | D | 9/13/2022 | 28 | Ranked-choice "Round 2" totals released Aug. 31; Young longest-serving Republican in history of Congress |
27 | 8/9/2022 | Minnesota | 1 | Brad Finstad | R | 51-47 | Jeff Ettinger | Jim Hagedorn | R | 2/17/2022 | 173 | death | 118,565 | D | 8/12/2022 | 3 | |
28 | 6/28/2022 | Nebraska | 1 | Mike Flood | R | 53-47 | Patty Pansing Brooks | Jeff Fortenberry | R | 3/31/2022 | 89 | resigned/conviction | 115,800 | D | 7/12/2022 | 14 | |
29 | 6/14/2022 | Texas | 34 | Mayra Flores | R | 51-43 | Dan Sanchez | Filemon Vela | D | 3/31/2022 | 75 | resigned/Akin Gump job | 29,069 | D | 6/21/2022 | 7 | Flores first Mexican-born woman elected to Congress |
30 | 6/7/2022 | California | 22 | Connie Conway | R | 62-38 | Lourin Hubbard | Devin Nunes | R | 1/1/2022 | 157 | resigned/Trump Media CEO | 115,421 | D | 6/14/2022 | 7 | |
31 | 1/11/2022 | Florida | 20 | Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick | D | 79-19 | Jason Mariner | Alcee Hastings | D | 4/6/2021 | 280 | death | 56,617 | D | 1/18/2022 | 7 | |
32 | 11/2/2021 | Ohio | 11 | Shontel Brown | D | 79-21 | Laverne Gore | Marcia Fudge | D | 3/10/2021 | 237 | resigned/HUD Secretary | 105,111 | D | 11/4/2021 | 2 | |
33 | 11/2/2021 | Ohio | 15 | Mike Carey | R | 58-42 | Allison Russo | Steve Stivers | R | 5/16/2021 | 170 | resigned/Ohio Chamber of Commerce | 162,089 | D | 11/4/2021 | 2 | |
34 | 7/27/2021 | Texas | 6 | Jake Ellzey | R | 53-47 | Susan Wright (R) | Ron Wright | R | 2/7/2021 | 170 | death | 39,166 | D | 7/30/2021 | 3 | R vs R race |
35 | 6/1/2021 | New Mexico | 1 | Melanie Stansbury | D | 60-36 | Mark Moores | Deb Haaland | D | 3/16/2021 | 77 | resigned/Interior Secretary | 132,263 | D | 6/14/2021 | 13 | |
36 | 4/24/2021 | Louisiana | 2 | Troy Carter | D | 55-45 | Karen Carter Peterson (D) | Cedric Richmond | D | 1/15/2021 | 99 | resigned/became senior adviser in Biden White House | 87,810 | D | 5/11/2021 | 17 | D vs D race |
37 | 3/20/2021 | Louisiana | 5 | Julia Letlow | R | 65-27 | Candy Christophe | Luke Letlow (Rep.-elect) | R | 12/29/2020 | 81 | death | 103,616 | D | 4/14/2021 | 25 | |
38 | 12/1/2020 | Georgia | 5 | Kwanza Hall | D | 54-46 | Robert Franklin (D) | John Lewis | D | 7/17/2020 | 137 | death | 24,782 | R | 12/3/2020 | 2 | |
39 | 6/23/2020 | New York | 27 | Chris Jacobs | R | 51-46 | Nate McMurray | Chris Collins | R | 9/30/2019 | 267 | resigned/guilty plea insider trading | 158,719 | R | 7/21/2020 | 28 | |
40 | 5/12/2020 | California | 25 | Mike Garcia | R | 55-45 | Christy Smith | Katie Hill | D | 11/3/19 | 191 | resigned/personal | 174,388 | R | 5/19/2020 | 7 | |
41 | 5/12/2020 | Wisconsin | 7 | Tom Tiffany | R | 57-43 | Tricia Zunker | Sean Duffy | R | 9/23/2019 | 232 | resigned/personal | 191,720 | R | 5/19/2020 | 7 | |
42 | 4/28/2020 | Maryland | 7 | Kweisi Mfume | D | 74-25 | Kimberly Klacik | Elijah Cummings | D | 10/17/2019 | 194 | death | 151,718 | R | 5/5/2020 | 7 | |
43 | 9/10/2019 | North Carolina | 9 | Dan Bishop | R | 51-49 | Dan McCready | n/a (new election ordered) | n/a | 1/3/2019 | 250 | Nov. 2018 election never certified and new election ordered | 190,506 | R | 9/17/2019 | 7 | |
44 | 9/10/2019 | North Carolina | 3 | Greg Murphy | R | 62-37 | Allen Thomas | Walter Jones | R | 2/10/2019 | 212 | death | 114,046 | R | 9/17/2019 | 7 | |
45 | 5/21/2019 | Pennsylvania | 12 | Fred Keller | R | 68-32 | Marc Friedenberg | Tom Marino | R | 1/23/2019 | 118 | resigned/personal | 132,195 | R | 6/3/2019 | 13 | |
46 | 11/6/2018 | Michigan | 13 | Brenda Jones | D | 87-9 | Marc Sosnowski (US Taxpayers) | John Conyers | D | 12/5/2017 | 336 | resigned/personal | 194,993 | R | 11/29/2018 | 23 | |
47 | 11/6/2018 | Pennsylvania | 15 | Susan Wild | D | 48.5-48.3 | Marty Nothstein | Charlie Dent | R | 5/12/2018 | 178 | resigned/personal | 268,526 | R | 11/27/2018 | 21 | |
48 | 11/6/2018 | Pennsylvania | 7 | Mary Gay Scanlon | D | 52-46 | Pearl Kim | Pat Meehan | R | 4/27/2018 | 193 | resigned/personal | 312,985 | R | 11/13/2018 | 7 | |
49 | 11/6/2018 | New York | 25 | Joe Morelle | D | 59-41 | Jim Maxwell | Louise Slaughter | D | 3/16/2018 | 235 | death | 255,558 | R | 11/13/2018 | 7 | |
50 | 8/7/2018 | Ohio | 12 | Troy Balderson | R | 50.1-49.3 | Danny O'Connor | Pat Tiberi | R | 1/15/2018 | 204 | resigned/leading Ohio Business Roundtable | 208,141 | R | 9/5/2018 | 29 | |
51 | 6/30/2018 | Texas | 27 | Michael Cloud | R | 55-32 | Eric Holguin | Blake Farenthold | R | 4/6/2018 | 85 | resigned/personal | 36,291 | R | 7/10/2018 | 10 | |
52 | 4/24/2018 | Arizona | 8 | Debbie Lesko | R | 52.2-47.5 | Hiral Tipirneni | Trent Franks | R | 12/8/2017 | 137 | resigned/personal | 183,979 | R | 5/7/2018 | 13 | |
53 | 3/13/2018 | Pennsylvania | 18 | Conor Lamb | D | 49.9-49.5 | Rick Saccone | Tim Murphy | R | 10/21/2017 | 143 | resigned/personal | 228,830 | R | 4/12/2018 | 30 | |
54 | 11/7/2017 | Utah | 3 | John Curtis | R | 58-26 | Kathie Allen | Jason Chaffetz | R | 6/30/2017 | 130 | resigned/personal/Fox News | 147,796 | R | 11/13/2017 | 6 | |
55 | 6/20/2017 | Georgia | 6 | Karen Handel | R | 52-48 | Jon Ossoff | Tom Price | R | 2/10/2017 | 130 | resigned/became HHS Secretary | 260,316 | R | 6/26/2017 | 6 | |
56 | 6/20/2017 | South Carolina | 5 | Ralph Norman | R | 51-48 | Archie Parnell | Mick Mulvaney | R | 2/16/2017 | 124 | resigned/became OMB Director | 88,316 | R | 6/26/2017 | 6 | |
57 | 6/6/2017 | California | 34 | Jimmy Gomez | D | 59-41 | Robert Lee Ahn (D) | Xavier Becerra | D | 1/24/2017 | 133 | resigned/became CA Atty Gen | 43,179 | R | 7/11/2017 | 35 | |
58 | 5/25/2017 | Montana | AL | Greg Gianforte | R | 50-44 | Rob Quist | Ryan Zinke | R | 3/1/2017 | 85 | resigned/became Interior secretary | 381,416 | R | 6/21/2017 | 27 | |
59 | 4/11/2017 | Kansas | 4 | Ron Estes | R | 52.2-46.0 | James Thompson | Mike Pompeo | R | 1/23/2017 | 78 | resigned/became CIA director | 122,694 | R | 4/25/2017 | 14 | |
60 | 11/8/2016 | Kentucky | 1 | James Comer | R | 72-28 | Samuel Gaskins | Ed Whitfield | R | 9/6/2016 | 63 | resigned/personal | 290,620 | D | 11/14/2016 | 6 | |
61 | 11/8/2016 | Hawaii | 1 | Colleen Hanabusa | D | 65-22 | Shirlene Ostrov | Mark Takai | D | 7/20/2016 | 111 | death | 198,391 | D | 11/14/2016 | 6 | |
62 | 11/8/2016 | Pennsylvania | 2 | Dwight Evans | D | 90-10 | James Jones | Chaka Fattah | D | 6/23/2016 | 138 | resigned/corruption conviction | 311,430 | D | 11/14/2016 | 6 | |
63 | 6/7/2016 | Ohio | 8 | Warren Davidson | R | 77-21 | Corey Foister | John Boehner | R | 10/31/2015 | 220 | resigned/party disunity | 28,162 | D | 6/9/2016 | 2 | |
64 | 9/10/2015 | Illinois | 18 | Darin LaHood | R | 69-31 | Robert Mellon | Aaron Schock | R | 3/31/2015 | 163 | resigned/office and campaign spending scrutiny | 51,319 | D | 9/17/2015 | 7 | |
65 | 6/2/2015 | Mississippi | 1 | Trent Kelly | R | 70-30 | Walter Zinn | Alan Nunnelee | R | 2/6/2015 | 116 | death | 99,347 | D | 6/9/2015 | 7 | |
66 | 5/5/2015 | New York | 11 | Daniel Donovan | R | 58-40 | Vincent Gentile | Michael Grimm | R | 1/5/2015 | 120 | resigned/pleaded guilty to tax charge | 42,509 | D | 5/12/2015 | 7 | |
67 | 11/4/2014 | New Jersey | 1 | Donald Norcross | D | 58-40 | Garry W. Cobb | Rob Andrews | D | 2/18/2014 | 259 | resigned/Dilworth Paxson law firm | 161,275 | D | 11/12/2014 | 8 | |
68 | 11/4/2014 | Virginia | 7 | Dave Brat | R | 62-38 | Jack Trammell | Eric Cantor | R | 8/18/2014 | 78 | resigned/lost primary | 241,313 | D | 11/12/2014 | 8 | |
69 | 11/4/2014 | North Carolina | 12 | Alma Adams | D | 75-25 | Vince Coakley | Mel Watt | D | 1/6/2014 | 302 | resigned/FHFA head | 169,246 | D | 11/12/2014 | 8 | |
70 | 6/24/2014 | Florida | 19 | Curt Clawson | R | 67-29 | April Freeman | Trey Radel | R | 1/27/2014 | 148 | resigned/drug charge conviction | 99,989 | D | 6/25/2014 | 1 | |
71 | 3/11/2014 | Florida | 13 | David Jolly | R | 48.5-46.6% | Alex Sink | Bill Young | R | 10/18/2013 | 144 | death | 183,772 | D | 3/13/2014 | 2 | |
72 | 12/17/2013 | Alabama | 1 | Bradley Byrne | R | 70-29% | Burton LeFlore | Jo Bonner | R | 8/2/2013 | 137 | resigned/university job | 51,406 | D | 1/8/2014 | 22 | |
73 | 12/10/2013 | Massachusetts | 5 | Katherine Clark | D | 66-32% | Frank Addivinola | Ed Markey | D | 7/15/2013 | 148 | resigned/elected to Senate | 61,296 | D | 12/12/2013 | 2 | |
74 | 11/16/2013 | Louisiana | 5 | Vance McAllister | R | 60-40 | Neil Riser (R) | Rodney Alexander | R | 9/27/2013 | 50 | resigned/job in Gov Jindal admin | 91,290 | D | 11/21/2013 | 5 | |
75 | 6/4/2013 | Missouri | 8 | Jason Smith | R | 67-27 | Steve Hodges | Jo Ann Emerson | R | 1/22/2013 | 133 | resigned/NRECA CEO | 62,766 | D | 6/5/2013 | 1 | |
76 | 5/7/2013 | South Carolina | 1 | Mark Sanford | R | 54-45 | Elizabeth Colbert Busch | Tim Scott | R | 1/2/2013 | 125 | resigned/appointed to Senate | 143,635 | D | 5/15/2013 | 8 | |
77 | 4/9/2013 | Illinois | 2 | Robin Kelly | D | 71-22 | Paul McKinley | Jesse Jackson Jr. | D | 11/21/2012 | 139 | resigned/personal | 83,193 | D | 4/11/2013 | 2 | |
78 | 11/6/2012 | Michigan | 11 | David Curson | D | 48-46 | Kerry Bentivolio* | Thaddeus McCotter | R | 7/6/2012 | 123 | resigned/personal | 329,137 | D | 11/13/2012 | 7 | |
79 | 11/6/2012 | Kentucky | 4 | Thomas Massie | R | 60-37 | William Adkins | Geoff Davis | R | 7/31/2012 | 98 | resigned/personal | 290,677 | D | 11/13/2012 | 7 | |
80 | 11/6/2012 | New Jersey | 10 | Donald M. Payne Jr. | D | 97-3 | Joanne Miller (I) | Donald M. Payne | D | 3/6/2012 | 245 | death | 170,913 | D | 11/13/2012 | 7 | |
81 | 11/6/2012 | Washington | 1 | Suzan DelBene | D | 60-40 | John Koster | Jay Inslee | D | 3/20/2012 | 231 | resigned/ran for governor | 357,735 | D | 11/13/2012 | 7 | |
82 | 6/12/2012 | Arizona | 8 | Ron Barber | D | 52-45 | Jesse Kelly | Gabrielle Giffords | D | 1/25/2012 | 139 | resigned/health | 212,538 | D | 6/19/2012 | 7 | |
83 | 1/31/2012 | Oregon | 1 | Suzanne Bonamici | D | 54-40 | Rob Cornilles | David Wu | D | 8/3/2011 | 181 | resigned/personal | 210,763 | D | 2/7/2012 | 7 | |
84 | 9/13/2011 | New York | 9 | Bob Turner | R | 52-47 | David Weprin | Anthony Weiner | D | 6/21/2011 | 84 | resigned/personal | 71,226 | D | 9/15/2011 | 2 | |
85 | 9/13/2011 | Nevada | 2 | Mark Amodei | R | 58-36 | Kate Marshall | Dean Heller | R | 5/9/2011 | 127 | resigned/appointed to Senate | 129,791 | D | 9/15/2011 | 2 | |
86 | 7/12/2011 | California | 36 | Janice Hahn | D | 55-45 | Craig Huey | Jane Harman | D | 2/28/2011 | 134 | resigned/Wilson Center prez | 85,624 | D | 7/19/2011 | 7 | |
87 | 5/24/2011 | New York | 26 | Kathy Hochul | D | 47-42 | Jane Corwin | Christopher Lee | R | 2/9/2011 | 104 | resigned/personal | 111,338 | D | 6/1/2011 | 8 | |
88 | 11/2/2010 | Indiana | 3 | Marlin Stutzman | R | 63-33 | Tom Hayhurst | Mark Souder | R | 5/21/2010 | 165 | resigned/personal | 184,209 | D | 11/16/2010 | 14 | |
89 | 11/2/2010 | New York | 29 | Tom Reed | R | 57-43 | Matthew Zeller | Eric Massa | D | 3/8/2010 | 239 | resigned/personal | 186,897 | D | 11/18/2010 | 16 | |
90 | 6/8/2010 | Georgia | 9 | Tom Graves | R | 56-44 | Lee Hawkins (R) | Nathan Deal | R | 3/21/2010 | 79 | resigned/run for governor | 40,203 | D | 6/14/2010 | 6 | |
91 | 5/22/2010 | Hawaii | 1 | Charles Djou | R | 40-31 | Colleen Hanabusa | Neil Abercrombie | D | 2/28/2010 | 83 | resigned/run for governor | 170,393 | D | 5/25/2010 | 3 | |
92 | 5/18/2010 | Pennsylvania | 12 | Mark Critz | D | 53-45 | Tim Burns | John Murtha | D | 2/8/2010 | 99 | death | 137,189 | D | 5/20/2010 | 2 | |
93 | 4/13/2010 | Florida | 19 | Ted Deutch | D | 62-35 | Edward J. Lynch | Robert Wexler | D | 1/4/2010 | 99 | resigned/non-profit center prez | 69,723 | D | 4/15/2010 | 2 | |
94 | 11/3/2009 | New York | 23 | Bill Owens | D | 48-46 | Doug Hoffman (Con.) | John McHugh | R | 9/21/2009 | 43 | resigned/Army Secretary | 151,366 | D | 11/6/2009 | 3 | |
95 | 11/3/2009 | California | 10 | John Garamendi | D | 53-43 | David Harmer | Ellen O. Tauscher | D | 6/26/2009 | 130 | resigned/State Dept. post | 137,786 | D | 11/5/2009 | 2 | |
96 | 7/14/2009 | California | 32 | Judy Chu | D | 62-33 | Betty Chu | Hilda L. Solis | D | 2/24/2009 | 140 | resigned/Labor Secretary | 26,182 | D | 7/16/2009 | 2 | |
97 | 4/7/2009 | Illinois | 5 | Mike Quigley | D | 69-24 | Rosanna Pulido | Rahm Emanuel | D | 1/2/2009 | 95 | resigned/WH chief of staff | 44,138 | D | 4/21/2009 | 14 | |
98 | 3/31/2009 | New York | 20 | Scott Murphy | D | 50.2-49.8 | Jim Tedisco | Kirsten E. Gillibrand | D | 1/26/2009 | 64 | resigned/appointed to Senate | 161,369 | D | 4/29/2009 | 29 | |
99 | 11/18/2008 | Ohio | 11 | Marcia L. Fudge | D | unopposed | Stephanie Tubbs Jones | D | 8/20/2008 | 90 | death | R | 11/19/2008 | 1 | |||
100 | 6/17/2008 | Maryland | 4 | Donna Edwards | D | 81-18 | Peter James | Albert R. Wynn | D | 5/31/2008 | 17 | resigned/lobbyist | 20,462 | R | 6/19/2008 | 2 | |