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Turbine Rotational Speed
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S.NO
Wind Speed mph
Tip Speed Ratio
Diameter m
Turbine Rotational Speed (rpm)
Remarks A.=πr^2
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A turbines rotational speed is defined as: rpm = wind speed x tip-speed-ratio x 60 / (diameter x π).
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Turbine rotors with fewer blades reach their maximum efficiency at higher tip-speed ratios and generally, three bladed wind turbine designs for electrical generation have a tip speed ratio of between 6 and 8, but will run more smoothly because they have three blades. On the other hand, turbines used for water pumping applications have a lower tip speed ratio of between 1.5 and 2 as they are specially designed for high torque generation at low speeds.The rotor blades rotate around a central bearing forming a perfect circle of 360o as it rotates and as we know from school, the area of a circle is given as: π.r2. So as the swept area of the rotor increases, the area it covers also increases with the square of the radius. Thus, doubling the length of a turbines blades results in an increase of four times its area which allows it to receive four times as much wind energy. However, this greatly increases the size, weight and ultimately the cost of the wind turbine design.
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