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Prisoners in the U.S., 1850-1890Repository:
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http://acrosswalls.org/datasets/
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Version: 1.0
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Year
Census reported
comparablebestmalesfemalessex ratioincreasesource and notes
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18506,73712,790
Census reported: figure from C50SS (used in Census of 1870 comparable tables, Table XIX, p. 570))
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186019,08619,32323,66485%Census reported: Census of 1870 comparable tables, Table XIX, p. 569
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187032,90132,90140,29270%
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188059,25847,69558,40953369504010.645%see below
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189082,32980,63474,2996,33511.738%see below
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The Census of 1880 and 1890 explicitly exclude reformatories holding juvenile delinquents.
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For online Census reports, see
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http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/decennial/
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Adjustments to US Census, 1850, prisoner total
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C50POP total5,646includes only state prisons
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more inclusive figures
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stateC50POPC50POPD
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Massachusetts4311,646see sheet "1850 comps & sums"
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Missouri166436
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Maryland235356
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Virginia199322
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Indiana146193
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Mississippi86111
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North Carolina1448
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C50POPbest est.
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New York1,6313,886
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Pennsylvania4311,078
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California0100
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other states2,3074,614prisoners in institutions other than prisons assumed to be about as many as in prisons
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C50POPbest est.
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total564612,790
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Census of 1880, details
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totalmalesfemales
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insane hospitals35032228Census of 1880, v. 21, Table CXXVII, p. 520
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military prisons4994990Id. p. 485, Table CXVII; p. 520, Table CXXVII has 486 for military prisons
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total by sex59258541905068Census of 1880, Table XI, p. 929
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Census of 1890, details
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total by sex82329759246405Census of 1890, Crime, Pauperism, and Benevolence, p. 12
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prisoners in insane hospitals90183170Census of 1890, vol. 3, pt. 2, Prisoners, Table 39, p. 128.
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in military and naval prisons7947940Id. p. 130