Non-Governmental Organizations

I have a good experience and knowledge

HDS natural systems design science

Science & Technological Community, Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

Progress toward SDG 8 would need to change direction to fulfill the intent. The deep problem is that "growth" is now defined as if "economic decoupling" was being achieved, when in fact NO DECOUPLING HAS OCCURRED except in micro-economic ways. The recent historical world data now seems conclusive, and for basic scientific reasons, makes it very unlikely that general decoupling will ever occur.

The key evidence is the 1971-2016 constant growth rates of 1) World GDP (PPP), 2) Economic Energy use, and 3) CO2 emissions. It clearly shows a) there has been no displacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy, nor b) reduction in the growth rate of the economies main parts due to efficiency and sustainability. Graphic: https://bit.ly/2RDF6KQ & Short Article: https://bit.ly/2HkRSZW

To respond, new models and indicators are needed, to accurately reflect and respond to the increasingly disruptive whole-system cultural and environmental effects of growth. The new models would be for thriving "finite development", like nature makes, as opposed to the dangerous "infinite development" models we've made. The fundamental difference is that thriving finite growth relies on "niche-making" and while boundless models rely "invasion to failure" to define their limits. Niche-making, of course, still begins with its own period of invasive growth, only then seeks to perfect rather than forever multiplying its designs.

Part of the problem is SDG 8 now assumes "economic decoupling" and as that is not happening, mounting natural conflicts with growth are creating added resistance. One of the more severe of those effects on the SDGs is that the advanced economies are affected differently, using high tech to sweep up all the development space on earth, and effectively shutting out the slow, hesitant, and somewhat clumsy efforts of the target development communities.

A related problem is the expectation that growth should start on command, when real economic growth is an *organic process* having a *considerable gestation period* of usually disorganized struggle before it takes off. "Healthy growth" tends to occur naturally in "healthy cultures," and the LDCs lack that. The intended beneficiaries don't share a common culture with the developers. So cultural bridge-making is where to start.

The first need is for promoters to learn the culture they are working with *well enough* for those subject cultures to give their *informed consent* and drawn to learn from the developments to follow.

Why this was omitted from the SDGs is that it involves *systems thinking*, in particular *natural systems thinking*. What needs to happen is to bring anthropological sciences into consulting on the design of PPPs. Some further ideas of where to start are in :
1) Systems thinking for Systems making - https://rdcu.be/LdlR
2) Culture, FfD, tPPPs

How SDG 8 efforts can foster “the Nexus of the 17” is to find inspiration from fostering healthy cultural growth, spreading that pathway to healthy economic growth. That would help the nexus of the whole become the healthy global cultural development process originally envisioned in the spirit of Rio and in drafting the SDGs

The likely struggle will first be for people in a hurry, having to include a new kind of outreach and pathfinding, while also facing resistance to it. Cultures can be slow to open up and slow to learn, and have good reasons to be resistant to change, and good reasons to react with fierce opposition to being pushed in the wrong way. Still, the hard work and challenges of finding how to give people in need of help a voice, and allowed to help in steering development, will also come with great satisfactions, buy-in, and other rewards.

Strategies for "culture growth" really should have been included in the SDGs from the start, of course. The best one I've heard of is to establish "extension services" to support the work of "sustainability librarians," drawing on the communities of "boundary crossing individuals" that the global transformation movement has produced. They would be organized to help circulate the most useful information, visiting community and business meetings to share it, facilitating a culture of learning and exchanging successful “culture-fit” development stories.

No, I don't have examples to list, mostly because I'm a scientist I think. I do come across examples but don't get to follow their histories or learn their stories. It's important to look for the patterns and learn from them. Start-ups will mostly seem to flourish at first but then find it hard to take hold, for example, often failing. That's true for business startups of all sorts even in cultures very familiar with and eager to support them. Educating less developed communities on those organic features of natural economic growth, the effort it takes, the support needed, and the wonderful satisfaction of making and being a part of things that work, would help foster the inspired culture needed and reduce the frequency of startups that waste their seed.

Shifting tracks is a growth process too, inspiration at first and persistence till it catches on.

OSIENALA (Friends of Lake Victoria)

Non-Governmental Organizations

Education should focus on trade rather than pure academics. Most of our youths complete education or drop-out and find nothing to do. Even those who are educated to degree level, do not get jobs. So Youths should be trained properly to enable them to form business after school. The few who are gifted intellectually can pursue high academic qualification for jobs.

Focus should be at the "bottom of the pyramid" the poor community the school drop-outs to be assisted to help in production. There should be a convenient structure where the carder of community, who are of-course high percentage of the population, should fit economically.

Proper training and financial facilitation.

Women groups provided solar water pumps for their farming activities near the lake. The production was so high that they opened a bank account. You boys that were sponsored to technical school came back and were facilitated to commence their our businesses.

Women groups donated fishing gears and after five years they had constructed a rental house.

Amis des Étrangers au Togo: ADET

Non-Governmental Organizations

Le travail éloigne de nous 3 grands mots: l'ennui, le vice et le besoin. Mais des salaires médiocres et discriminatoires aux travailleurs dans les pays du monde font que des grèves se multiplient de jour au jour: cas récent de la France. Le travail n'éloigne plus l'ennui, le vice et le besoin. L'ODD8 demande de rendre le travail décent pour tous veut dire de bien d'énumérer les travailleurs en réduisant les inégalités salariales, réduire la pauvreté et ne laisser personne de côté. Écouter les revendications sociales des syndicats. Le travail décent est une motivation pour l'accroissement économique.

Les lacunes de l'ODD8 sont:
La dictature
La corruption
L'ignorance
L'exploitation de l'homme par l'homme
Le racisme, la xénophobie, l'exclusion et les discriminations

ODD 8 favorise l,accroissement économique et sa redistribution réduit la pauvreté, la faim, améliore la santé pour tous, l'énergie pour tous. Accès à l'eau potable, améliore la paix, la justice, réduit les inégalités.

Si on parle de travail décent c'est relatif aux salaires, aux assurances, aux conditions de travail, au niveau de vie des populations. Améliorer les conditions de travail, prendre des mesures incitatives dans les institutions publiques et privées. Collaboration État, Syndicats et organisations de la société civile pour l'amélioration de conditions de travail des populations.

Le bien- être et la prospérité de tous est la clé de la paix et du développement durable

HERMONWELL COMPANY LTD.

Women, Children & Youth, Indigenous Peoples, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Authorities, Workers & Trade Unions, Business & Industry, Science & Technological Community, Farmer, Volunteer Groups, Older Persons, Persons with Disabilities, Education & Academic Entities, Private Philanthropic Organizations, Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

one on one campaign directly move towards the non inclusive way,take the information beyond the elite,sdg is still going on within the government staff,people in power,the grants and donations are not reaching the right places,the UN employment is not reaching the local best hands..sdg 8 requires communication at an integrated method

lack of inclusion,the sdg 8 in africal is still not well spoken mostly in Nigeria,Let the campaign be Above the line and below the line targeted directly, towards the unpopular citizen of the world in the local economics growth.

GOOD LIVE' as i can summarize the whole meaning of SDG 8 leverages on 2030 agenda as a framework to be used in measuring standard operating procedure SOP at any point of Auditing the outcome or feedback in concluding any works on the forecast and backcast in the 2030 agenda. The goal 8 as a quality assurance for the rest is what we all look at as vitality meaning when we have good economy and good works we are healthy ,technology is good ,health is good etc.

1.conceptual models which can showcase how the main driver of the goals work ,represented by pictures as full system model, 2.Toy model can be used to show component of the goal this can be used to discuss inclusion strategy where ,who and how to direct the resources as stakeholders concerns.3.Single system model can be used to handle goal 8 of sdg by dealing with situation where there is need to discuss a single branch of the issues e.g minimum wages of the nations in single component to discuss good works condition this can be used for sectoral specific issues in addressing. 4.shuttle model comes out to be used as example from complex issues which has minimum occurrence that can represent properly ..this will later determ more complex solution in the processing.5.full system model covers the total information collected from the models in the concerns. this models are used in the projects like sdg goal as management strategy to take decisions

Nigeria goverment hides the information on SDG 8 from the public and poor working condition

HERMONWELL COMPANY LTD.

Women, Children & Youth, Indigenous Peoples, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Authorities, Workers & Trade Unions, Business & Industry, Science & Technological Community, Farmer, Volunteer Groups, Older Persons, Persons with Disabilities, Education & Academic Entities, Private Philanthropic Organizations, Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

one on one campaign directly move towards the non inclusive way,take the information beyond the elite,sdg is still going on within the government staff,people in power,the grants and donations are not reaching the right places,the UN employment is not reaching the local best hands..sdg 8 requires communication at an integrated method

lack of inclusion,the sdg 8 in africal is still not well spoken mostly in Nigeria,Let the campaign be Above the line and below the line targeted directly, towards the unpopular citizen of the world in the local economics growth.

GOOD LIVE' as i can summarize the whole meaning of SDG 8 leverages on 2030 agenda as a framework to be used in measuring standard operating procedure SOP at any point of Auditing the outcome or feedback in concluding any works on the forecast and backcast in the 2030 agenda. The goal 8 as a quality assurance for the rest is what we all look at as vitality meaning when we have good economy and good works we are healthy ,technology is good ,health is good etc.

1.conceptual models which can showcase how the main driver of the goals work ,represented by pictures as full system model, 2.Toy model can be used to show component of the goal this can be used to discuss inclusion strategy where ,who and how to direct the resources as stakeholders concerns.3.Single system model can be used to handle goal 8 of sdg by dealing with situation where there is need to discuss a single branch of the issues e.g minimum wages of the nations in single component to discuss good works condition this can be used for sectoral specific issues in addressing. 4.shuttle model comes out to be used as example from complex issues which has minimum occurrence that can represent properly ..this will later determ more complex solution in the processing.5.full system model covers the total information collected from the models in the concerns. this models are used in the projects like sdg goal as management strategy to take decisions

Nigeria goverment hides the information on SDG 8 from the public and poor working condition

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

Create more enterprise to promote decent work in various domains

Infrastructural development and high rate of unemplyment

Encourage individuals to create and encourage others to think of innovating to accelerate economic growth in the nation

Creation of enterprises or companies that will provide decent jobs

Faith Based Organizations

1. Increase Technical and Vocational skills training; including using Apprenticeship models.
2. Promoting rural enterprises and industrialization.
3. Support for Agriculture

1. Employment opportunities for Young people; especially graduates
2. Lack of start-up capital for young entrepreneurs

1. Ensuring inter-sectoral coordination.
2. Using inclusive approaches for the follow-up and reviews at all levels

Caritas Ghana has assessed Government's flagship Planting for Food and Jobs on the criteria of how it fulfils the "SDG Principle of Ensure No One is Left Behind". In doing this, we looked beyond the implementation Ministry to include other Ministries. Results of study was used for a multi-stakeholders' dialogue meeting. It was obvious to stakeholders that the realization of SDG 8 cannot be left to only the Ministry of Food and Agriculture.

There is serious concern about those employed in the informal sector doing menial jobs.

Chairman of Elmoustkbal organization for Media Studies

Non-Governmental Organizations, Media

Organizing effective media campaigns and educating citizens about the importance of investment and its role in the development of society, in addition to using the media media to better present employment and investment opportunities and encourage young initiatives.

The digital Gap between Africa and Europe is among the lowest and most expensive countries.

To provide and achieve human rights and water conservation and conservation of energy and thus will increase stability in countries and improve investment opportunities and be more popular capital from all over the world.

United Nations efforts for economic development in the least developed countries.

Link for My CV:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/cg1294bvrireph5/Amro%20Selim%20CV.doc?dl=0

FH - Danish Trade Union Confederation

Promotion of social dialogue and collective bargaining is essential to achieve decent working conditions.

Lack of structures for social dialogue and collective bargaining and week organisation density both amongst workers and employers.

A stronger attention towards the promotion of social dialogue and collective bargaining will have a strong impact on goal no. 10 reduce inequality

In Denmark we have a strong tradition for high trade union density as well as high density of organized employers. A great part of the regulation of the labour market happens trough collective agreements.

HETAVED SKILLS ACADEMY AND NETWORKS

Children & Youth, Indigenous Peoples, Non-Governmental Organizations, Business & Industry, Science & Technological Community, Volunteer Groups, Education & Academic Entities

To accelerate progress and achieve SDG 8, the world need to take another look at Gender friendly innovations in sustainable green economic projects in such critical areas as Agro-biz schemes, Social and Digital Entrepreneurship skills training and implementation. Please, see some of our best practices at https://www.amazon.com/author/amosobi or https://www.youtube.com/c/AMOSOBI

The lack of infrastructure and enabling environment couple with corruption represent the biggest shortfalls and gaps towards achieving the expected results in achieving SDG 8.

Economic development and growth represent a key area in eradicating poverty, hunger, injustices and social challenges. Thus, fixing economic problems represent a task to actualizing the 2030 Agenda.

Some good examples of effective multi-stakeholders engagement for the implementation of SDG 8 could be seen in the Public -Private partnership between HETAVED SKILLS NETWORKS with some Universities, local government and public agencies in executing such projects as: THE HETAVED ORGANIC GARDENS, HETAVED SDGs Campaigns; and HETAVED E-SKILLS FOR DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP training and development at Ozoro, Isoko North Local Government area, Delta state. Also, the HETAVED SKILLS NETWORKS in public -private partnership with the National Open University of Nigeria in training, mentoring and empowering young entrepreneurship in Nigeria and Afica are some good examples of multi-stakeholders engagements for the SDG and SDG 8. Again refer to: https://youtube.com/c/AMOSAOBI

To achieving SDG 8, we have initiated project available at https://www.youtube.com/c/AMOSAOBI

MESA COLOMBIANA DE INCIDENCIA POR LAS ENFERMEDADES CRONICAS

Women, Indigenous Peoples, Non-Governmental Organizations, Workers & Trade Unions, Farmer, Volunteer Groups, Education & Academic Entities, CONSUMERS, PATIENTS OF NCD´S

PROMOTE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNAL MARKETS

IN A DEVELOPMENT MODEL WHERE ECONOMIC RIGHTS FAVOR ONLY THE MOST POWERFUL AND ARE PUT ABOVE THE COLLECTIVE RIGHT TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Starting from understanding and putting into practice that all human rights are interrelated and interdependent. If one of them is not met, the other SDGs can not be reached

MANY INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES AND PEASANTS ARE TESTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STYLES, WHICH FAVOR EMPLOYMENT / EMPLOYMENT OF THEIR COMMUNITIES FOR COLLECTIVE BENEFIT

Nepal Development Initiative (NEDI)

Non-Governmental Organizations

Local level involve to youth on technical and vocational education, make compulsion to rich people to use money in their land, improve governance and tax system, improve social security

The traditional way of economic practices and theory using labor market, need to understand and apply the current globalize IT based economy even under development country like Nepal

The poverty is major challenges for 2030 agenda therefore with out addressing to goal 8 there is not possible to fulfill 2030 agenda

Private sector involvement and PPP policy need implement in real scene

No possible to achieve in Nepal until and unless massive changes in traditional education system

establish economic policies adapted to the national context, promote the development of private entrepreneurship and support small and medium-sized enterprises through incentives such as: reducing taxation, creating a favorable business environment for the local private sector and promoting creation decent jobs; fight against corruption and tax evasion

the main gaps are the non-adaptation of the public policies most often imposed by international donors, the weakness of the local private sector and the informal sector vis-à-vis the multinationals, the high unemployment rate which favors immigration, a primary sector especially the agriculture not enough developed or supported and that does not create many decent jobs, the delay in the use of digital

sustained economic growth and full and productive employment is an essential lever for achieving development, and this growth can not be achieved without appropriate economic policies that take into account other objectives such as sustainable industrialization, infrastructure development, education, management and development of cities among others

no sustainable growth without creating decent jobs to achieve this requires social dialogue

establish economic policies adapted to the national context, promote the development of private entrepreneurship and support small and medium-sized enterprises through incentives such as: reducing taxation, creating a favorable business environment for the local private sector and promoting creation decent jobs; fight against corruption and tax evasion

the main gaps are the non-adaptation of the public policies most often imposed by international donors, the weakness of the local private sector and the informal sector vis-à-vis the multinationals, the high unemployment rate which favors immigration, a primary sector especially the agriculture not enough developed or supported and that does not create many decent jobs, the delay in the use of digital

sustained economic growth and full and productive employment is an essential lever for achieving development, and this growth can not be achieved without appropriate economic policies that take into account other objectives such as sustainable industrialization, infrastructure development, education, management and development of cities among others

no sustainable growth without creating decent jobs to achieve this requires social dialogue

ONG WIÑOY LEPAY KIMÜN

Women, Children & Youth, Indigenous Peoples, Older Persons, desarrollo indígena; educacional, económico, cultural, otros.

promoviendo la creación de emprendedores pero formales con documentación legal

falta de oportunidades para la creación de nuevas pequeñas empresas. falta apoyo en lo legal.

al crear pequeñas empresas se crearían puestos de trabajo, con la legalidad de las PIME se podrían generar mas y mejores empleos.

Tenemos la convicción que para desarrollar los pueblos debemos partir por la educación.

Member of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Governments must be fully aware of their obligation to train people with disabilities for work. In the countries of my region it is thought that it is a voluntary action, of altruism and not of human rights

The welfare approach and not of human rights that is given to people with disabilities

Focus international cooperation towards training in the subject of social management to the most affected groups such as women, people with disabilities, older adults

"Building Bridges" Program capys@prodigy.net.mx

Focus efforts on training the most vulnerable groups for work

Sukaar Welfare Organization

Women, Children & Youth, Farmer, Education & Academic Entities, Private Philanthropic Organizations

International Presentation Association

Women, Non-Governmental Organizations

Promote qualitiatve,equitable compulosry education for all with opportunities for job orinented skill training and entreprenureship at the high school level.
Promote community colleges that provide life skills and matches job training with community needs.
Local governments work with community based and Faith based organisations to provide skill training in communites through self help groups ectc.
Make credit and bank loans avaialble to community based enterprises.
Facilate micro finnacing and micro enterprises within local communities.
Ensure land rights of women, indigenous and other marginalsied communities and promote people's cooperatives.Provide agricultural subsidies to small and marginalsied farmers and encourgage community farming.
Ensure minimum wages and social protection for all.

Land grabbs of indigenous and tribal communites by mining companies and mega dam projects.
Increasing job redundency due to advanced technology.
Unemployment,under employment and over employment.
Forced migration from displacement due to climate change,land grabbs,conflict etc
Government policies that favour the rich and powerful.
Lack of and insufficent policies that protect unorganised sector of labour

Life long education and skill training can provide job opportunities and help reduce inequalities.Effective policies and monitoring of effective implementation

Presentation sisters in India through a number of community based projects collaborate with local governments,Local communities,education Institutions,Parent Teacher Associaitons to identify and provide life skills and job training to local youth and women .Some of the activites include formation of self help groups,training in micro finnace management,notebook prinitng, training in mechanics,computer literacy, tailoring,beauty parlours etc and hundreds of women and youth are helped to find self employment or jobs.Institutions support community based enterprises by giving orders for school note books,school uniforms as well as help sell the goods produced by the women's groups through the suppport of PTA.Local governments suppport certain number of skill training programs by providing grants.

Effective implementation of Universal Social protection and other people friendly labour policies.

Union of Education Norway

To use the position we and other unions enjoy as social partners whereby we have a defined role in negotiations, discussions and decision-making fora. (We also believe that it is essential to involve and consult organisations representing the differente professiones in public sector)

In Norway it is a big shortfall that a national plan on how to reach the SDG is not elaborated. The work done to acheive the SDGs are in many instances ʺoutsideʺ the ordinary cooperation and organized work life.

As a union for teachers we see the other goals in light of education, and how we can contribute as a union. We believe it is important for an organisation to identify or see the goal of particular interest in light of the other goals

Cooperation through social dialogue is discussed, but not implemented

Women, Children & Youth, Mothers

Unpaid care work is vital but invisible and underrecognized.
We need to give unpaid carers status and rights , including social protection. We must also take into account the time spent delivering unpaid care, such as maternity leave, in the calculation of pensions.

Women in many countries, because of the unpaid care work they provide to their families ( caring for children, for the elderly, for family members with needs), cannot access full employment.

We need to recognize care as an essential basis for human développement and human dignity.

Non-Governmental Organizations, Science & Technological Community, Farmer, Volunteer Groups, Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

acceptance of raw and obsolete technologies from participating countries

countries pretending to be poor and poor countries pretending to be rich

the pen is mightier than the sword

World Indigenous Teaching and Learning Centre Circle (WITLCC)

Women, Indigenous Peoples, Non-Governmental Organizations, Persons with Disabilities, Education & Academic Entities, Metis, Mestizaje; Environmental and Human Health

* Giving Principle/Gift Economy
* Acknowledge official qualitative and socioeconomic value and validity for the key role of the unpaid work of mothers, wives, homemakers, grandmothers as equal` "sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work" and equally of fathers, husbands, and grandparents of the diverse types required to achieve family health and well-being, and other alternative forms of "work" which are essential to our society whether or not a dollar value is assigned.
*Mandate standard exceptions to policy and reasonable accommodations to create timely accessible for persons with different functional abilities to apply and receive a fair interview; acknowledge that the notion of Industry standard "one-size-fits-all" solutions is infeasible and a falsehood that "makes work" for those who ostensibly pass as advocates without actually offering or achieving fairness.
*Ensure that the cost of employment accommodations receives a significant tax write off and that industry aims for adaptive uses to create a more equal footing.

The assumption that standardization is feasible.

Acknowledge and include Giving Principle and Gift Economy practices, policies and processes.

Giving Principle and Gift Economy

Design, implement ways to overcome stigma, stereotype, exclusion.

International Dalit Solidarity Network (IDSN)

Women, Children & Youth, Non-Governmental Organizations, Workers & Trade Unions, Business & Industry, Dalit communities

States must draw on the skills of Dalit civil society to raise awareness of the SDGs and set local indicators with civil society using accurate and disaggregated data. Monitoring and evaluation of these indicators should include participation of the Dalit community to ensure accurate results. States must disaggregate data by age, sex, disability, race caste, ethnicity, origin, occupation, religion or other economic status.

More specifically, set aside a portion of the budget for job creation; institute affirmative action and ensure these roles are filled; regulate the informal sector to prevent exploitation and violence of Dalit workers; investigate the Dalit children engaged in child labour; and ensure legal contracts for Dalits working in municipalities. States should also institute a comprehensive policy on ensuring equal pay for equal work at a living wage and mechanisms to ensure effective implementation of the policy; institute policies to eliminate indecent jobs like manual scavenging and bonded labour and set up mechanisms to ensure effective implementation; ensure policies towards rehabilitation and compensation of those forced into the aforementioned roles; and ensure free and secure grazing for Dalit farmers and fishing rights for common water bodies. IDSN is calling for the continued protection of employment opportunities of Dalits in the all sectors, including the private sector, through affirmative action (reservation) for social justice and equal opportunity.

Despite legislation to protect Dalit populations they are often subject to systematic discrimination both in the public and private sector. The unemployment rate for Dalits is consistently higher than that of the upper castes and it is continuing to rise. This is in addition to the loss of opportunities in the various state government areas. Although there is a quota system in many caste affected countries in the public, government and educational institutions, the positions are kept vacant. National development programmes have failed to reach the most vulnerable populations. A small fraction of Dalits have been able to escape from their ‘traditional role’ of manual scavenging, but often those with Dalit-sounding names are not even called for interviews.

With an agenda of ‘Leave No-one Behind’, the exclusion of Dalits and caste discrimination as a key factor of decent work means that this goal will never be achieved. Dalits are at the bottom of most supply chains in caste-affected countries and are forced to do the most menial, dirty and hazardous work. Addressing their labour rights in a business and human rights agenda is paramount. Furthermore, Dalits make up the majority of forced and bonded labourers in South Asia and still undertake the heinous task of collecting and removing human faeces from dry latrines, which still exist throughout India. This must end.

A state nexus with civil society, business, academia and citizens is paramount for any successful implementation of these goals. Therefore, civil society and government agencies should review domestic policy frameworks and processes to identify how they can facilitate effective implementation with the SDG.
Disaggregated data is crucial for each of the SDGs - data must be reflective of all major stakeholders within the State and collected at regular intervals. Monitoring of the implementation of the SDGs should be done by expert government officials with Dalit representation.

It is crucial that caste-based indicators are developed for each SDG as Dalits are affected by their caste in every aspect of their lives. The planning and implementation of the SDGs should focus on the intersectionalities of communities who face multiple discriminatory practices in order to reach those furthest behind. It is vital to address the importance of the intersectionalitites within the SDG model.

IDSN raises awareness of the SDGs and how they can be used to push for the improvement of Dalit’s situation throughout South Asia. IDSN helps local, grassroots members to engage with the SDGs by facilitating training on the SDGs, travel, joint submissions to the HLPF and joint sub-meetings in New York.

Excluding Dalits and caste discrimination from the SDGs means that these goals cannot be achieved.

• trade union rights; particularly the freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining: SDG8 will not be achieved without full recognition of trade unions’ right to bargain collectively
• sustainable industrial policies: policies for the development of productive industries that fully take on board the social and environmental effects of their policies
• expectations of infinite growth on a finite planet are destroying the environment and will eventually destroy us unless growth can be de-coupled from resource depletion and pollution (including GHGs).
• social dialogue, particularly collective bargaining
• local, regional, national and global social dialogue

• the failure of governments to fully recognize trade union rights
• the generation and accumulation of wealth by the few no longer guarantees a reasonable rate of creation of decent work
• lack of full integration of social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability
• corruption - not just financial but also intellectual
• lack of a compelling global socioeconomic narrative or alternative to consider, other than "casino capitalism"

• business schools must teach that trade union rights are human rights; and promote sustainable industrial policy and not financialization, as a growth strategy
• growth for growth's sake is not sustainable; economic growth must also improve the lives of all and reduce inequality - primarily by providing decent work

• sustainable industrial policy must be developed and implemented in an inclusive, multistakeholder fashion
• implementation of trade union rights, of necessity, results in better social dialogue

Tebtebba (Indigenous Peoples' International Centre for Policy Research and Education

1. Legislate recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in domestic law, with measures to grant legal documents to ancestral domains
2. Recognise, promote, mainstream and resource traditional livelihoods and the indigenous political structures (IPS) that regulate these
3. For States, in consultation with indigenous communities, craft policies and programs, with accompanying budget support, for the development of indigenous individuals as managers of their own economic resources to promote productive employment and decent work within the ancestral domains.

1. Non-recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples to their lands, territories and resources
2. Criminalisation of traditional livelihoods, like rotational agriculture, resource extraction, etc.
3. Lack of educational programs sensitive to indigenous peoples culture, aspirations and worldviews
4. Discrimination against indigenous peoples as peoples

IP-sensitive education programs geared towards the development of lifeskills of indigenous children and youth to meet the challenges of current development paradigms at the same time entrenching their indigenous knowledge systems and practices and identity, crafted by indigenous peoples with meaningful support from States, can lead to acquisition of knowledge and skills that will allow them to have productive employment and decent work, thus address their poverty and hunger situation, at the same time build strong indigenous peoples institutions, and protect life on land and under water.

The public-private partnership with effective and meaningful participation of indigenous peoples in the development of their ancestral domains

Recognition of IPS as State administrative institutions in ancestral domains

Women, Indigenous Peoples

1. Devolution of county government in Kenya has improved the rate of economic growth in most areas
2. Increase national budget allocation to the devolved ( County) government has increased the number of persons and quality of employment to locals.
3. Public private partnerships ( PPPs) have introduced modern working conditions as well as new sources of employment and work to the localities.

1. Inconsistent work remuneration and grading creates a way of discrimination to the locals in formal employment
2. employment categorization and promotion is purely based on formal education that then discriminates most indigenous people in employment.
3. Lack of and low access to financial services and investment capital is unfavorable to Indigenous Peoples to initiate economic activities.

1. Economic empowerment is key to sustainable livelihoods.
2. Access to employment and quality work complements access to Capital as a driver of innovation.

1. Private Public Partnerships in energy, infrastructure and health services have increased economic growth and created quality employment opportunities.

There is unfavorable economic growth and conditions in ASAL areas.

Non-Governmental Organizations

Transportation and Quality Education are most essential for local development

Good governance and integrity is gap

Community development affects all development indicators

Lawyers' Association for human Rights of Nepalese Indigenous Peoples (LAHURNIP)

Women, Children & Youth, Indigenous Peoples, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Authorities, Workers & Trade Unions, Business & Industry, Volunteer Groups, Older Persons, Persons with Disabilities, Education & Academic Entities, Private Philanthropic Organizations

To promote entrepreneurship indigenous knowledge and practice, that helps to increase income status of indigenous peoples. In addition, it creates employment environment for indigenous peoples and stops migrant for work.

In the name of development there are massive development project developed in indigenous territory such as hydro power project, transmission line, cement factory, road expansion etc., which directly affect indigenous peoples. Yes, Nepal rectified ILO convention 169 and party to the UNDRIP but there is not any policies and law related to FPIC. The development projects rare consults with Indigenous peoples and less number of project distributes remedial.

In Nepal some Indigenous peoples are running their cottage industry such as hand made cotton cloths, handicrafts, wines, animal husbandry etc., which helps revive indigenous knowledge, create employment opportunity and helps sustainable entrepreneurship. In addition, indigenous women are running cooperatives, which helps to empower women.
Also, Upper Trishuli Hydro power project applies FPIC process

East Africa Trade Union Confederation

Having policies that would drive labour intensive development, most of the East African countries have been experiencing impressive economic growth but this growth has been accompanied by joblessness growth.
Having investment, agricultural and trade policies speak to each other in ensuring creation of not just any jobs but decent jobs.

creation of decent job. The narrative that any job is a good job in africa should stop if we have to make any meaningful progress

Personally I think in Africa you can not talk about the other SDGs if you have not fully achieved SDG8. How do i provide for quality education when i can not afford because I am a working poor or unemployed, how do you talk about health when i can not even afford to give my family a decent meal, definitely climate change will not be on my mind if year in and year out i have to rely on my peasant farming harvest, I will still sink into poverty as the cost of living sky rockets and I can not afford basic needs.

The tripartite model of engaging, Employers, Trade Unions and government has work in ensuring workers right to decent employment

In order to make progress towards SDG 8, it is crucial that international labor standards, including freedom of association, access to collective bargaining and social dialogue, are respected. They lay the foundations for decent working conditions, employment creation and a fair and inclusive growth, and are driving forces for a sustainable development and social progress, thus making them the most effective tools for progress towards SDG 8.

The failure to recognize and implement international labor standards, such as freedom of association and access to social dialogue will make it impossible to progress towards SDG 8. Humans and labor rights are foundations for decent work and preconditions for a sustainable economic growth. Regarding decent work, one must also acknowledge the vast gender inequalities at the labor market, and that specific actions are needed to fight discrimination, harassment’s and gender based violence.

The fulfilment of this goal is a precondition for achieving several other SDGs, especially SDG 1 to end poverty, and SDG 10 to end inequality. This since decent work and decent wages are crucial in order to lift people out of precarious conditions and poverty. There are also evidence which shows that the respect for, and use, of social dialogue can raise socio-economic progress and be an instrument for sustainable development in several areas, for example within actions towards climate changes and gender based violence, which make the fulfillment of SDG 8 crucial for the implementation of all the SDGs.

The most effective model of multi-stakeholder engagement when it comes to progress towards sustainable economic growth and decent work is collective bargaining. This since collective bargaining bring employers and their organizations and trade unions into an inclusive dialogue on sound labor relations, wages and working conditions, which is a necessity in order to obtain SDG 8. In, for example, the sector of building and woodworkers, have collective bargaining and collective agreements contributed enormously to the improvement of working conditions and wages for workers all over the globe.
Another important model well worth mentioning is international development cooperation between trade unions. This models brings together several stakeholders from different countries, and together are these actors working for decent work through the everyday work of unions in low- and middle income countries.
The collaboration between trade unions in the ‘north’ and ‘south’ that connect to Agenda 2030 goal number 17 is also crucial in order to strengthen unions and to enable them to participate in complex dialogue questions with the more powerful actors from both governments and multinationals and other companies.

Tools for social dialogue, such as the Global Deal initiative, would be effective for this SDG.

Women, Non-Governmental Organizations, Farmer, Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

Ant work, microcredits in the hands of women

Neoliberal economic model, inequality in the distribution of wealth and lack of education, exploitation and debit of employee protection systems

Promoting quality education, education focused on technology (microenterprises, small industries) and commercialization of proudcts.

The results of the Community Resilience Fund of the Huairou Commission in Honduras and Guatemala.

Organized women and local governments jointly promoting the local economy

Ensuring that a multi-sectoral approach is applied to development, with approaches to economic growth aligned closely with other development priorities such as health, social protection and gender equality.

In addition, achieving progress towards SDG 8 requires a multi-stakeholder approach, including civil society, government, UN and intergovernmental agencies, and academia.

When women are educated and healthy, they are more productive, thereby contributing to greater national productivity and higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Delaying marriage, keeping girls in school, and involving women in the formal labour market not only increases their individual income and economic empowerment, but can have ripple effects at the household, community, and national levels. When girls are able to go to school, learn the skills they need to secure a job, and have access to the same economic opportunities as boys, they will be better able to support themselves and their families and help to break the cycle of intergenerational poverty.

When women have economic decision-making power, they are also more likely than men to spend more money on food, housing, education for their children and income-generating activities, all of which reduce poverty levels and promote sustainable development. Child marriage also has an economic cost. A study by UNICEF in Nepal found that the economic cost just from a labour market perspective due to child marriage was 3.87% of GDP.

The continued practice of child marriage around the world continues to impede global progress towards ending forced labour, modern slavery and human trafficking.

A lack of attention to child marriage undermined the achievement of six of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). We have since learned that child marriage is a core development and human rights issue, which hinders the achievement of many other development goals: half of the SDGs will not be achieved without significant progress on child marriage, including those related to poverty, health, education, nutrition, food security, economic growth and reduction of inequality, and other manifestations of gender inequality.

The goals should be institutionalised nationally by way of a wide-reaching white paper as a first step towards a national plan for realising the sustainable development goals.
Further: The social partners must be involved in the planning, execution and evaluation of the government’s work on the UN’s sustainable development goals.
And: special parliamentary hearings on the realisation of the sustainable development goals should be held in connection with the presentation of the proposed annual budget.

• Weakness in coordination. Need of national plan.
• The sustainable development goals still not incorporated in education at all levels – from kindergarten to higher education – and enable the institutions to exercise this mandate.
• Cooperation through social dialogue is discussed, but not implemented

Highlight and emphasis on social dialogue.
Implement knowledge about SDG s in education om all levels. Intersectionality and interdiciplin in education embedded in practice
Focus on Just changes/transition and decrease wealth gap in society in general

• Ensure that the sustainable development goals are introduced to the social partnership.
• Use joint fora that bring together labour unions, employer organisations, civil society and business to highlight and strengthen the efforts to realise the sustainable development goals.
• co-operation with key social institutions such as research/educational institutions, museums, archives and libraries to reach the sustainable development goals.

• involve the local and regional level
• Social dialogue
• extensive financing.

Planet Life Economy Foundation

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

Action with profit and not profit enterprises

the issue that growth may be achieved without employment

using really a performance control based in the mean time on GDP and WELL BEING

a municipality planning like in Capannori an italian municipality in the Lucca provincy with a industrial district for paper production

Lack of national engagement in the annual budget and parliament discussion

Women, Children & Youth, Non-Governmental Organizations

The most effective ways to accelerate progress towards SDG 8 would be through empowerment of women’s economic rights. Breaking down barriers, such as access to education, land, capital, and employment opportunities would promote opportunities for women to become productive members of their communities. Empowering women and their economic rights drive long-term sustainability and growth, where women take center stage.

The biggest shortfalls toward making progress would be the lack of funding, skills, education, home and policy barriers. Evidence show lack of proper public support for women, the main contributor of women’s underrepresentation in the labor market.

Women’s empowerment drives sustainability and growth, which subsequently closes the gap of gender equality, as well as reduction in poverty. It increases the quality of education and knowledge skill sets, necessary to promote lifelong opportunities. Women’s representation in various sectors and the increase of women’s entrepreneurship opportunities are effective drivers toward combating climate change and the production of environmentally clean products. Increasing women’s access to knowledge and good education decrease inequality.

Effective models for engagement are established through building partnerships in the field and continue to implement mentorship programs. They are effective tools for monitoring and tracking progress. Our model consists of dedicated professionals focused on providing access to information and knowledge of available resources in the region. Feedback and multilevel of communication is the core of success.

Equipo de Relaciones Internacionales CGT RA

El desarrollo económico sostenible requiere de políticas dirigidas al desarrollo de una economía dinámica, con mercados internos robustos, una distribución de la riqueza más equitativa, soberanía alimentaria y una industria pujante.

Fortalecer instituciones del trabajo, fundamentalmente la inspección laboral, a los efectos de combatir el fraude laboral y todas las formas de precarización.

Promover los derechos de sindicalización y negociación colectiva.

Promover políticas activas de generación de empleo de calidad con trabajo decente. Generar políticas para atender los retos que enfrentan en materia de empleo los colectivos de jóvenes, mujeres y migrantes.

Fortalecer las políticas orientadas a la erradicación del trabajo infantil, el trabajo forzoso y la esclavitud moderna.

Regular los sectores de economía de plataforma con el objetivo de favorecer la transición hacia la formalización de los trabajadores, garantizando el ejercicio pleno de los derechos humanos, laborales y sindicales.

Promover el diálogo social institucionalizado para la concertación de políticas de desarrollo productivo con matrices productivas diversificadas.

Desarrollar estrategias nacionales para la consolidación de una cultura preventiva en materia de salud y seguridad en el trabajo.

Reforzar e invertir en sistemas universales de protección social para que las personas puedan obtener empleos libremente elegidos.

A nivel regional representan desafíos la persistente desocupación y la incertidumbre respecto de la evolución económica.

Asimismo el desempleo joven, habida cuenta que la tasa de desocupación juvenil triplica la de la población adulta.

Por otro lado, la desigualdad remunerativa persiste. Todavía los salarios de los hombres superan a los de las mujeres siendo en Arentina superior a 35%.

La informalidad laboral en la región alcanza prácticamente a la mitad del empleo. La precarización laboral constituye el mayor déficit de trabajo decente en la región.

Los trabajadores en economías de plataforma sufren déficits de trabajo decente y condicionamientos para el ejercicio efectivo de derechos laborales y sindicales.

En Argentina se sostiene la pérdida de puestos de trabajo. En el 3°trimestre del año 2018 se verificó un aumento interanual significativo en la tasa de desocupación, que se ubicó en el 9,0% mientras que había sido 8,3% en el mismo trimestre de 2017.

En los últimos años, los déficits de calidad de empleo se mantuvieron elevados para los jóvenes.

Por otro lado, a partir del Decreto 801/2018 de fecha 5 de septiembre de 2018 se definió la disolución del Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social de la República Argentina. El mismo pasó a ser una Secretaría de Estado, lo cual trasluce la reducción del papel del trabajo humano en el conjunto de las políticas públicas.

El empleo productivo y el trabajo decente son esenciales para reducir la pobreza, como se expresa en el Objetivo 1 de la Agenda 2030.

En ese sentido, la protección social expresada en la meta Meta 1.3 del Objetivo 1, forma parte del concepto mismo de Trabajo Decente constituyendo uno de sus pilares fundamentales.

Por otro lado, el Trabajo Decente expresado en el Objetivo 8 puede contribuir a alcanzar las metas propuestas en los Objetivos 5 – Igualdad de género y Objetivo 10 – Reducción de desigualdad. El concepto de Trabajo Decente incorpora entre sus pilares fundamentales a las normas internacionales del trabajo, que se expresan en los convenios fundamentales de la OIT, entre los que se destacan el Convenio número 100 sobre igualdad de remuneración y el Convenio 98 sobre negociación colectiva, siendo ésta una herramienta fundamental en la construcción de igualdad.

Del mismo modo, y en el mismo sentido, la meta 8.5 del Objetivo 8 expresa la importancia de lograr el empleo pleno y productivo y el trabajo decente para todas las mujeres y los hombres, incluidos los jóvenes y las personas con discapacidad, así como la igualdad de remuneración por trabajo de igual valor.

El objetivo 8 y su cumplimiento impacta en forma integral con el ODS 3 de salud, el ODS 4 de educación, así como los ODS 9 (promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación) y el ODS 11 (ciudades resilientes y sostenibles).

La Alianza 8.7 es una iniciativa multisectorial global, conformada para asistir a los estados miembros de las Naciones Unidas en lograr el Objetivo 8.7 de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible y acelerar el apoyo político e internacional para la erradicación del trabajo infantil, trabajo forzoso, esclavitud moderna y la trata de personas a nivel regional.
La conformación de la Plataforma Argentina de Monitoreo para la Agenda 2030 (PAMPA 2030) , coordinada por el movimiento sindical en articulación con actores de la sociedad civil representa una experiencia destacable en materia de monitoreo de la Agenda 2030.

Diálogo social institucionalizado es la herramienta para concertar políticas de empleo y desarollo.

Comite Juventud de CSI - Secretaria Relaciones Internacionales de CGT RA

El desarrollo económico sostenible requiere de políticas dirigidas al desarrollo de una economía dinámica, con mercados internos robustos, una distribución de la riqueza más equitativa, soberanía alimentaria y una industria pujante.

Fortalecer instituciones del trabajo, fundamentalmente la inspección laboral, a los efectos de combatir el fraude laboral y todas las formas de precarización.

Promover los derechos de sindicalización y negociación colectiva.

Promover políticas activas de generación de empleo de calidad con trabajo decente. Generar políticas para atender los retos que enfrentan en materia de empleo los colectivos de jóvenes, mujeres y migrantes.

Fortalecer las políticas orientadas a la erradicación del trabajo infantil, el trabajo forzoso y la esclavitud moderna.

Regular los sectores de economía de plataforma con el objetivo de favorecer la transición hacia la formalización de los trabajadores, garantizando el ejercicio pleno de los derechos humanos, laborales y sindicales.

Promover el diálogo social institucionalizado para la concertación de políticas de desarrollo productivo con matrices productivas diversificadas.

Desarrollar estrategias nacionales para la consolidación de una cultura preventiva en materia de salud y seguridad en el trabajo.

Reforzar e invertir en sistemas universales de protección social para que las personas puedan obtener empleos libremente elegidos.

A nivel regional representan desafíos la persistente desocupación y la incertidumbre respecto de la evolución económica.

Asimismo el desempleo joven, habida cuenta que la tasa de desocupación juvenil triplica la de la población adulta.

Por otro lado, la desigualdad remunerativa persiste. Todavía los salarios de los hombres superan a los de las mujeres siendo en Argentina superior a 35%.

La informalidad laboral en la región alcanza prácticamente a la mitad del empleo. La precarización laboral constituye el mayor déficit de trabajo decente en la región.

Los trabajadores en economías de plataforma sufren déficits de trabajo decente y condicionamientos para el ejercicio efectivo de derechos laborales y sindicales.

En Argentina se sostiene la pérdida de puestos de trabajo. En el 3°trimestre del año 2018 se verificó un aumento interanual significativo en la tasa de desocupación, que se ubicó en el 9,0% mientras que había sido 8,3% en el mismo trimestre de 2017.

En los últimos años, los déficits de calidad de empleo se mantuvieron elevados para los jóvenes.

Por otro lado, a partir del Decreto 801/2018 de fecha 5 de septiembre de 2018 se definió la disolución del Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social de la República Argentina. El mismo pasó a ser una Secretaría de Estado, lo cual trasluce la reducción del papel del trabajo humano en el conjunto de las políticas públicas.

El empleo productivo y el trabajo decente son esenciales para reducir la pobreza, como se expresa en el Objetivo 1 de la Agenda 2030.

En ese sentido, la protección social expresada en la meta Meta 1.3 del Objetivo 1, forma parte del concepto mismo de Trabajo Decente constituyendo uno de sus pilares fundamentales.

Por otro lado, el Trabajo Decente expresado en el Objetivo 8 puede contribuir a alcanzar las metas propuestas en los Objetivos 5 – Igualdad de género y Objetivo 10 – Reducción de desigualdad. El concepto de Trabajo Decente incorpora entre sus pilares fundamentales a las normas internacionales del trabajo, que se expresan en los convenios fundamentales de la OIT, entre los que se destacan el Convenio número 100 sobre igualdad de remuneración y el Convenio 98 sobre negociación colectiva, siendo ésta una herramienta fundamental en la construcción de igualdad.

Del mismo modo, y en el mismo sentido, la meta 8.5 del Objetivo 8 expresa la importancia de lograr el empleo pleno y productivo y el trabajo decente para todas las mujeres y los hombres, incluidos los jóvenes y las personas con discapacidad, así como la igualdad de remuneración por trabajo de igual valor.

El objetivo 8 y su cumplimiento impacta en forma integral con el ODS 3 de salud, el ODS 4 de educación, así como los ODS 9 (promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación) y el ODS 11 (ciudades resilientes y sostenibles).

La Alianza 8.7 es una iniciativa multisectorial global, conformada para asistir a los estados miembros de las Naciones Unidas en lograr el Objetivo 8.7 de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible y acelerar el apoyo político e internacional para la erradicación del trabajo infantil, trabajo forzoso, esclavitud moderna y la trata de personas a nivel regional.
La conformación de la Plataforma Argentina de Monitoreo para la Agenda 2030 (PAMPA 2030) , coordinada por el movimiento sindical en articulación con actores de la sociedad civil representa una experiencia destacable en materia de monitoreo de la Agenda 2030.

Diálogo social institucionalizado es la herramienta para concertar políticas de empleo y desarollo.

- Comprehensive national employment policy frameworks, built upon the principle of policy coherence for development, are needed. Governments need to design and implement pro-employment macroeconomic strategies supported by progressive trade, industrial, tax and infrastructure policies, including investments in education and skills development, youth employment, equality and the care economy. Such policy frameworks should be developed through tripartite consultations, including governments and social partners.
- Guarantee decent work conditions, including comprehensive social protection, adequate minimum living wages, occupational health and safety, reasonable working hours and job security. As well as ensure the implementation of ILO Conventions 87 and 98.
- Address forced labour and modern slavery, with due diligence and transparency as key drivers for it, as well as coordination among countries to prevent and eliminate forced labour.
- In the context of digitalization, governments need to develop adequate industrial and employment policies through social dialogue and a Just Transition approach, so that real discussions and negotiations related to changes in the organization of work are possible.
- Ensure business accountability and transparency in investments and ‘due diligence’ in global supply chains as prescribed by the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and the Tripartite declaration of principles concerning multinational enterprises and social.

- Working poverty remains a major challenge across the globe. Considering that the working poor account for more than 700 million people, meeting SDGs by 2030 will be impossible if this issue is left unaddressed. Implementing and enforcing a statutory minimum wage guaranteeing an income that allows people to live with dignity and is essential to reducing poverty. Also, the decline in the wage share in many countries has contributed to deficiencies in aggregate demand, which has been detrimental for growth and employment at the national level as well for the global economy.
- The weakening of labour market institutions, following 'structural adjustment' programs, has been contributing to increasing inequality.
- The ILO estimates that only 29% of the world’s population enjoy a comprehensive level of social protection. The low global coverage of social protection occurs despite the legal and operational basis for governments to ensure an adequate level of social protection for all.
- The integration of national economies into global markets and the expansion of global supply chains have intensified competition and caused leading firms to cut labour costs through restructuring, outsourcing and off-shoring. These changes also accompanied by the deregulation of labour markets and a rollback in policy support for protective labour market institutions and collective bargaining.
- The need to address the informal economy - in 2016, 61.2% of workers worked in the informal economy.

Roughly half the world’s population still lives on the equivalent of about US$2 a day. Still today in too many places, having a job doesn’t guarantee the ability to escape from poverty and inequality.

Putting the creation of decent work at the heart of economic policy-making and development plans, would not only generate opportunities for quality jobs (decent work) but also more robust, inclusive and poverty-reducing growth.

The ITUC also has several examples on how Social Dialogue can play a pivotal role in achieving the SDGs - Social dialogue at both bipartite and tripartite levels is vital for harmonious industrial relations and solid economic growth and inclusive development in increasingly complex societies: https://www.ituc-csi.org/social-dialogue-to-achieve-the-20691

Participation is a pillar of sustainability, and so it is recognised in the 2030 Agenda. In this light, social dialogue is a mechanism for participation that contributes to sustainability in many different ways. One example is its potential to build innovative approaches that enable progress with the formalisation of the informal economy.

Examples of Social Dialogue contributions to achieving the SDGs: https://www.ituc-csi.org/social-dialogue-to-achieve-the-20691

1. Commitment from government to mainstream and allocate structured budget towards the SDG 8
2. To acknowledge the role of (and give space to) social partners as priority stakeholders to work towards achieving SDG 8
3. To have a clear M&E system
4. To have mid-term indicators, not only work towards 2030
5. Respecting international laws & frameworks like the ILO conventions & recommendations

1. Governments not giving space within the tripartite social dialogue to achieve the indicators set out under the SDG8.
2. Non compliance of international laws like the ILO conventions & recommendations
2. Some actors in Private sector just using the SDG's as a marketing tool within their year/sustainability reports, without any monitoring mechanism to confirm if real achievement was reach. Through put it for example on the social dialogue agenda on the company level with the trade union representatives
3. Not to have ambition. Some actors in private sector have been doing the same investment towards better health & safety on the work floor and now it suddenly falls under achieving the SDG's. It is nothing new, innovative or additional...

Through the 4 pillars of the ILO Decent Work agenda

Tripartite social dialogue (government, employees & employers)

We need more stronger unions and promote association right

Subcontracting workers without fundamental rights added labour informality

Whit a gender mainstreaming,
If the conditions of women are better it to open the doors to the 2030 agenda

In Colombia unions are not part of this spaces

Women, Children & Youth, Business & Industry, Volunteer Groups, Education & Academic Entities

Building Awareness program, training for sustainable products by available resources and wastage.

Connectivity with peoples, Awareness of SDG impact and value chain creating

Making awareness via Training program from children to adult with sustainable and economy products and handicrafts.

Awareness Program for all stakeholders, Training Schedule to Children and Rural Women, Connection with Trade Bodies, Making Value Chain and Focus the green world, Green Products

We have to use our available cheap raw material, even wastage and by waste management is important.

Women, Volunteer Groups, Education & Academic Entities, individual

Make everyone listen to head of Oxfam and historian Bregman contributions at Davos 2019. Honest/ true SDG roll out/ implementation requires changes to current economic

The global neoliberal economic paradigm remains significantly untouched which ultimately is putting a plaster on the wound and not affecting.

by encouraging a holistic approach.

cross-sector collaboration and each stakeholder as seeing others as complementary (not [potential] competition) ... more than enough to do for all players

- ensure (sex-) aggregated data collection to better analysis and policy measures
- use tools like gender sensitive budgeting to plan better and know more about impact of measures
- implement methods and certification schemes to acknowledge earlier acquired competences thus for people to get better access to the labor market and/ or formal vocational education
- develop schemes to pay for services to the eco-system and support for all basic services (also like water and sanitation) - which means more paid work especially for women and youth
- motivate companies to sign-up / adhere to the Women empowerment principles (Global Compact/ UN Women)
- ensure women friendly working conditions and availability for appropriate equipment for their protection
- ensure women have equal access to grants and loans to set-up a business and - ensure women's equal access to tenure, land ownership and water rights (so to have access and collateral)
- "tap the resource" of women for / to the labor market to fill the huge gap in qualified professionals at all levels (especially in water and energy related sectors)

- not enough women have a say over their own finances and access to a bank account
- women need to have more " say" over ownership and use of natural resources like land and water
- a lot of working conditions are women unfriendly (lack of acceptance and appropriator equipment e.g.)
- lack of dis-aggregated data and citizens science/ data acknowledgment

- "tap the resource" of women for / to the labor market to fill the huge gap in qualified professionals at all levels (especially in water and energy related sectors)
- give women better access to vocational training and acknowledge earlier acquired skills and competences (RENFIL)
- do labor market analysis for all (local) activity proposals

e.g. " women plumbers" scheme(s) in Jordan and South Africa

Rainy River District Women's Shelter of Hope

All organizations need to adopt an anti-racist, anti-oppression policy and hire people with lived experience.

Lived experience is not recognized as valid in terms of hiring

They are all very interconnected. Improvement in one area - SDG#5 will improve the outcome in another area such as SDG #8.

Governmental bodies have provided NGOs with their own ability to set hiring standards; however, even local Boards of Directors may not be willing to be as inclusive as one might like or expect.

We must recognize all people as truly equal.

International Presentation Association

religious Faith Based Communities

Allow asylum seekers to work and rent property.
There has been a ban on zero hours contracts (last month) and this is to be commended.
There must be s decent wage for work done and the race to the bottom in ever increasing and wages at this stage are so low in too many instances that hope of ever buying a home is out of the question.

Wage levels are too low, even though we are coming out of austerity here in Ireland we are being hounded by an impending Brexit and is shaping and thwarting all possible and improving standards of living for all.

By engaging with all departments of government and ensuring that all departments are engaged.
By ensuring that Civil Society can do more than be consulted, we must be allowed and encouraged to participate.
We need to created a much better awareness of the SDGs at home and abroad.
We must not be afraid to copy some of the best practices around the world rather than feel we must invent our own.

There is currently in Ireland a stakeholder forum which as recently met for the third time and this time there is an energy that was there previously. There are many who want to engage and all they need is leadership and direction and we are hoping that this stakeholder forum will offer that. The Civil Society Coalition 2030 in Ireland is an effective networking model of interaction that can be better utilised by the government in their efforts to drive the SDGs at home and abroad.

Brexit and austerity are the engaging agenda in Ireland and we need a focus on the SDGs.

Women for Water Partnership (WfWP)

- give women equal access to water and sanitation for and at work / also for productive uses
- ensure (sex-) aggregated data collection inter alia in labor market research to better analysis and policy measures - use tools like gender sensitive budgeting to plan better and know more about impact of measures
- implement methods and certification schemes to acknowledge earlier acquired competences thus for people to get better access to the labor market and/ or formal vocational education
- develop schemes to pay for services to the eco-system and support for all basic services (also like water and sanitation) - which means more paid work especially for women and youth
- motivate companies to sign-up / adhere to the Women empowerment principles (Global Compact/ UN Women)
- ensure women friendly working conditions and availability for appropriate equipment for their protection
- ensure equal pay for equal work by men and women for instance by making job descriptions gender neutral
- ensure women have equal access to grants and loans to set-up a business and
- ensure women's equal access to tenure, land ownership and water rights (so to have access and collateral)
- "tap the resource" of women for / to the labor market to fill the huge gap in qualified professionals at all levels (especially in water and energy related sectors)

- not enough women have a say over their own finances and access to a bank account
- women need to have more " say" over ownership and use of natural resources like land and water
- a lot of working conditions are women unfriendly (lack of acceptance and appropriator equipment e.g.)
- lack of dis-aggregated data and citizens science/ data acknowledgment

- "tap the resource" of women for / to the labor market to fill the huge gap in qualified professionals at all levels (especially in water and energy related sectors)
- give women better access to vocational training and acknowledge earlier acquired skills and competences (RENFIL)
- do labor market analysis for all (local) activity proposals
- ensure that there is horizontal coordination between ministries and measures in one domain are checked against impacts in others
- show e.g. in the media that work of women inter alia as water management is crucial, should be paid and will create more jobs and better management

e.g. " women plumbers" scheme(s) in Jordan and South Africa; women vocational schools jointly managed by women's organisations, ministry and local government

Securing a quality transition from education to employment, by adopting national or regional quality criteria for internships and apprenticeships.

Banning all unpaid internships.

Investing in quality and sustainable job. Furthermore improving the legal requirements on decent working conditions, for example by putting greater limitiations of the cycle of temporary contracts that employers give young people.

Abolishing youth minimum wages to end discrimination against young people and to ensure equal pay for work of equal value.

Adapting social protection systems to young people’s reality in the labour market.

Extending social protection coverage to all workers, including those in new forms of work, and the self-employed.

Investment in programmes that specifically target NEETs, providing individualised support and learner centered approaches.

Ensuring that young people can receive free and accessible information on the different employment statuses and what they mean for basic workers’ rights and social protection coverage, with particular attention to new forms of work.

Investing in quality youth employment through national and regional budgets.

Participation of young people and youth organisations in the implementation of SDG 4.

Protecting the space for collective bargaining through legislation, and ensuring the possibility for all workers, including those in new forms of work, to organise themselves.

Not enough attention is given to quality job creation and to ensuring that jobs, when they do exist, adequately match the reality of young people. Entry-level jobs are disappearing, and they are increasingly being replaced by internships and apprenticeships.

Internships often do not comply with minimum quality standards.

Moreover, several European States have youth minimum wage policies in place, often well below the national minimum wage standard. These perpetuate age-based discrimination and conflict with the right to equal remuneration for work of equal value.

Precarious employment is also disproportionately affecting youth: due to longer transition periods, young people are more likely to take up non-standard forms of employment (e.g. zero hour contracts; platform work). In 2017, 44% of young workers in Europe were on a temporary contract (Eurostat).

Youth employent Initiatives, such as the Youth Guarantee in the EU context, often fail to reach those who are socially excluded. This is due to many factors: lack of available and understandable information, lack of holistic approach and inter-sectoral cooperation, and lack of involvement of youth organisations and young people in the design, implementation and monitoring of measures targeting youth.

Much of the barriers young people in Europe face to accessing decent and quality work is the result of discrimination based on age. This age-based discrimination as experienced by young people is often intersectionally linked to other forms of discrimination they face on the basis of gender identity, sexual orientation, ethnicity, migration status, etc. As such the linkages to SDG 10 are clear. Unequal access to quality employment has perpetuated the inequality that Europe's youth experience, and vice versa, the inequality that young people face in attaining their social and economic rights perpetuates their inability to access decent employment or to achieve social mobility.

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

1) Partnerships with different stakeholders, including private – public partnerships, and partnerships with local communities 2) Networks can also accelerate implementation, organized networks have global and regional political clout, including the national level; 3) Engage grassroots women in all of the political and monitoring spaces to provide feedback and input on the effectiveness of policies, all the related policies must be inclusive and benefit the grassroots communities

The government to community level awareness of the SDGs is lacking, we should invest more in local to government level actors SDG education and capacity building; development resourcing and financing need decentralization to more effectively reach the local level; political will is missing especially at the government level as it is vulnerable to government transitions, meanwhile, grassroots actors have the strongest political will and governments should be open to receive training from grassroots through local to local dialogues to familiarize to what is being done, good practices, etc.

SDG8: Individual and community economic sustainability, and opportunity for all to participate in the labor market is the issue of education and training programs, access to markets, etc. Decent work is interlinked with SDG4 and SDG10. We must implement life long learning policies, especially accessible to women and linked to SDG5 as women often are the ones most at risk of losing economic and education opportunities.

SDG8: At the local level, we organize networks engaging different sectors and government agencies. We engage municipal development council that engages grassroots representatives from different sectors and municipal government officials. We work on the municipal development plan, proposing programs necessary for grassroots and budgets. The DAMPA is involved in planning, design and implementation of the program. Lately, we worked on economic development programs for fisheries and farmers. Grassroots women can share buffalos and access their milk to produce dairy products and sell them.

Introduce a minimum wage order which increases every year and excludes the social protection components as such maternity, pension, transport, to mention but a few, across all sectors as far as labour is concerned. Low wages are the main contributors to the low standard of living. A happy employee is more productive and results into an effective and efficient company/firm and a positive economic growth.

Low wages; lack of awareness on social protection by employees; lack of help desks for HIV and Aids, gender mainstreaming and health and safety at a workplaces.

Advocate for a minimum wage across sectors that are lowly paid irrespective of the hard labour carried out. Encourage employers to encourage workers to enroll for prior learning courses in their field of work in order to advance themselves.

Decent work can only be achieved if all the stakeholders are to work hand in hand to make sound decisions with regard to wages. Ministry of labour (the government); research institutions such as LaRRI; non-government organisations; trade unions; civil society and academics should speak one voice to ensure decent work and economic growth.

Non-Governmental Organizations

Increase asset and land ownership rights to women ensuring equal pay received when working and leasing of these assets

Equal pay for work of equal value

There is a link between education for all - including teaching women's rights and equality and the likelihood for a society to want to hire and pay women equally

In brick kilns in across South East Asia, men, women and children are working long hours in order to pay back debts to brick kiln owners. We have worked with communities living and working in the kilns to help them understand why the animals (donkeys) supporting them with their work in the kilns are dying quicker than expected, basic animal health and welfare training helps them realise that ensuring their working animal with water, feed and breaks increases their productivity and means that they don't have to go and take a new loan for another donkey because the one they use has died unexpectedly.

Productive societies use shared knowledge of best practice look at every angle of the problem

Non-Governmental Organizations

Implement a Human rights based approach to decent work and economy growth. Achieve decent work creations, full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men. Achieve Reduce the number of youth not in employment education or training. Implement the global youth pact of the ILO.

Promote an economy that respects people and the environment. In a world with limited natural resources and rapidly growing inequalities, a profound economic transformation is needed, particularly in production and consumption models to reduce inequality, to eradicate extreme poverty and to stop over exploitation of natural resources.

Social and solidarity economy (social enterprises, cooperatives, women’s self help groups, fair trade networks, alternative finance system, etc.) should be supported and expanded. Labour laws must be implemented and improved labour protection inspectors multiplied. The scandal of modern slavery must be ended. Appropriate procedures should be established in every country so that professional skills gained on the job can be officially organized.

Invest in private and public funds to create decent jobs that meet people’s essential needs, an obligation of all states under existing human rights treaties. Providing legal identities, good quality education and health care services, social housing, drinking water and sanitation for all could create millions of decent jobs.

SDG 8 can lead to the reduction of poverty and inequality but also have the opposite effect. It can lead to increasing inequality and poverty depending on how growth is viewed. If growth is considered only as an increase of state’s GNPs, without calling into question the criteria of purely economic growth, it will have counterproductive effects on poverty. And it can lead to a counterproductive impact on environment through overexploitation of wealth and environmental degradation.

The re-launch of economic growth can be harmful if it is based on the multiplication of underpaid jobs in dangerous conditions of safety and health. Employers may exert pressure on potential employees to accept low-paying jobs when job seekers are oversupplied and compete with each other. The non-recognition of informal work put people at risk, it exposes them to lack of social protection. Informal workers represent a considerable part of the global workforce and almost all of the working poor.

SDG 8 is directly linked to poverty reduction SDG1, access to health SDG3, education SDG4, and housing SDG11. Improving education and training has a major impact on employment. Income has a major impact on access to health and housing. SDG8 is also indirectly linked to the environmental SDGs: 6, 7, 12, 13, 13, 14, 15.
Transition towards a green economy should be used to create decent jobs and make them accessible to people trapped in poverty. Support to small agricultural producers and workers in the informal economy, who make up the largest group of people living in poverty, would at the same time increase food security and stimulate economic development.

Territories Without Long Term Unemployed
In France, a key action by ATD Fourth World is the establishment of “Territories zero long-term unemployed”, a pilot project conducted in 10 targeted territories under a law adopted in February 2016.
This project is guided by the principle stated in the preamble to the French Constitution, namely: “Everyone has the duty to work and the right to obtain a job”. It is based on three critical propositions: no one is unemployable, given that there is work and employment appropriate for everyone; there is work available because many of the labour needs of society are unmet; and there is real money- saving because long-term unemployment is a cost to the State.

The project shows that it is possible to propose to any long-term unemployed person, who wishes to participate, the offer of a permanent job suitable to his or her identified skills, which meets the needs of the territory, and at no extra cost to the community.
Already, 450 people were hired in 2017. One of them testified: “We all experienced the difficulties of unemployment, the suspicion in the eyes of others, being excluded. However, through this initiative, we stick together to make it work.”
Currently, the State finances this scheme to the level of the savings realized on its actual expenditure with regard to the long term unemployed. The extension of the project to other territories is now envisioned.

Develop policy coherence within international development, financial and trade organizations.

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

Target 8.5 is that ‘By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value’. This target has significant links with the achievement of the wider agenda – including ending poverty, access to health care and limiting the effects of climate change. It is clear that meeting this target will be essential for ensuring that no one is left behind in the implementation of the SDGs.

Based on Sightsavers’ experience of working in Africa and South Asia for nearly 70 years, the most effective ways of reaching Goal 8 for people with disabilities include: ensuring policy coherence for employment legislation and policies, including that they align with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; supporting people with disabilities to access employment, both through specific schemes and mainstreaming inclusion in inclusive employment support programmes; and removing barriers that exist to employment, including the attitudes that exist towards people with disabilities. However, there is no simple way to increase access to jobs and employment, nor to ensure economic empowerment, for people with disabilities; rather, a wide range of policy interventions are necessary to accelerate progress.

People with disabilities experience multiple forms of discrimination, and as a result experience more barriers to accessing productive and decent work than people without disabilities. People with disabilities are more likely to work for low wages, informally and precariously. Multiple intersecting factors restrict people with disabilities access to decent work and employment, including inadequate laws and policies, discriminatory social norms, a lack of access to education and training and unequal access to resources, information and networks.

Achieving success in SDG 8 is reliant on the whole agenda, and the opposite is true. The interlinkages are very clear for people with disabilities: without access to accessible transport, health care, inclusive education, social protection, and many other areas of the agenda, people with disabilities will face huge barriers to economic empowerment. Leveraging the interlinkages of the agenda requires a joined up approach to policy, with the inclusion of people with disabilities, running through the agenda. Mainstreaming disability in government requires an inclusive approach to planning, budgeting and accountability, whilst employers, educators and public services need to make addressing barriers for people with disabilities a priority. Furthermore, the voice and participation of people with disabilities is critical to understanding how specific contexts affect access to jobs and livelihoods.

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), outlines many of the human rights obligations of governments and other actors, and covers many of the interlinkages in the 2030 Agenda. It is critical that planning, budgeting and accountability are inclusive, aligned to the CRPD and include the voice of people with disabilities.

Sightsavers implements a range of projects with people with disabilities in order to increase economic empowerment. Our approach is multi-stakeholder – working with Disabled People’s Organisations (DPOs), employers and the government to create an enabling environment for people with disabilities to access employment and build their financial resilience. Our experience has shown that working with employers is critical, but without the voice and active participation of people with disabilities, or a progressive regulatory environment, it is difficult to make progress. This multi-stakeholder approach is critical to understanding and addressing the barriers people with disabilities face in accessing employment.

In addition, our work in inclusive education demonstrates the importance of making the education sector more accessible for children with disabilities. It is clear that lack of access to education is a major long-term barrier for people with disabilities, and there is a critical link with SDG 4 that needs increasing recognition and work.

Recommendations:
Promoting employability of persons with disabilities
• Ensure that equality, human rights, sustainability, participation, inclusion, and accessibility are core principles in line with Article 27 of the CRPD, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and ILO Convention 159 to promote full and productive employment and decent employment for all persons with disabilities.

Promoting inclusive employers and employment conditions
• Provide inclusive education and skills training in parallel to inclusive employment.
• Carry out inclusive employment policies; accessibility in the built environment, information technology, and communication; disability awareness training for staff; and safety and protection measures.

Developing links between persons with disabilities and employers
• Create a positive link between social protection schemes on disability and employment, rather than be designed around an “inability” to work.
• Ensure disability inclusive Mainstream Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) systems and programs and other skills development systems.

Developing enabling environments
• States should forge strategic partnerships, raise awareness through advocacy, provide trainings and encourage volunteerism, build accessibility and enable inclusion in the workforce and facilitate process through accessible technologies.

While employment rates vary by country, lower rates of employment for persons with disabilities are persistently observed. Multiple intersecting factors restrict persons with disabilities’ access to decent work and employment, including inadequate laws and policies; discriminatory social norms; a lack of access to education and training; unequal access to resources, information, technology and networks; accessibility challenges and lack of reasonable accommodations in the workplace. The barriers persons with disabilities face in different areas of life combine with specific barriers related to employment and skills. Persons with disabilities are often denied the training and financial support important for starting a business and becoming employed. It is essential to empower persons with disabilities, so they can earn an income and support themselves.

The barriers to accessing decent work extend far beyond the employment sector, and also include aspects such as lack of access to transportation, information, communication, and built environment and lack of access to education. Major factors contributing to exclusion include stigma and discrimination by employers. Not only does this adversely impact individuals with disabilities and their families but can also limit national economic growth. Work is a vital component of social participation for many people and has the potential to transform the lives and social positions of persons with disabilities, and how we see disability.

Alongside the importance of ensuring persons with disabilities attain their right to work, there are economic and business reasons for inclusion. These include the benefits to economies as a whole, businesses that adopt diverse practices and for persons with disabilities themselves. Additional benefits include greater economic self-sufficiency in which social protection is positively linked to work. Fewer individuals may require social assistance because they are employed. Additionally, increasing labor force participation of both persons with disabilities and their caregivers, who are often women and girl family members, increases a country’s potential tax base, which could increase government revenue. Furthermore, companies in high- and low-income countries have found that employees with disabilities have greater retention rates, more frequent attendance, and better safety records, and matched productivity compared to employees without disabilities.

Bangladesh has worked in parallel to ensure that persons with disabilities have better access to skills training (supply side) but also with making the private sector more disability-inclusive. An example is, Access Bangladesh, that is implementing projects focusing on SDGs particularly on education and employment issues for persons with disabilities. In order to ensure participation of persons with disabilities and DPOs in the VNR process, Access Bangladesh Foundation successfully conducted a campaign from local to national levels in 2018. All the consultations were documented, and a report was submitted to the SDGs coordinator in the government. To create awareness about the SDGs for the people, Access Bangladesh translated and published a booklet and one pager in the Bangla language. In Bangladesh there are two active platforms of SDGs in the private sector: Disability Alliance on SDGs and Bangladesh and Citizen’s Platform for SDGs, Bangladesh. Access Bangladesh is an active member of these platforms and working together on the SDGs.

Fundación del Empresariado Yucateco - FEYAC

Non-Governmental Organizations, Volunteer Groups, Private Philanthropic Organizations

Creating programs of education and promotion, so people can learn the concepts and the benefits in their companies.

People think it cost a lot and the benefit isn't that much

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

Digitalization, Mobile Money, access to Mobile phones

Large differences in economies and jobs between countries make it hard to have a standardized strategy

Job search, mobile money, economy stimulating apps preloaded on accessible mobile devices

Install a Director over each SDG, including SSG 8 to standardize and assess

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

• Strengthen investment in labour intensive sectors, small and medium industries and generation of local jobs with a view of strengthening job creation (as contrasted with investment in infrastructure intensive sectors)
• Strengthen implementation of labour standards (including but going beyond payment of living wages), provisions pertaining to collective bargaining and social dialogue with a view of improving the quality of jobs available
• Strengthen mechanisms for lifelong learning to enable ongoing reskilling of workers. Invest in appropriate quality secondary and post secondary education to enhance skills of youth to strengthen employability
• Provide adequate resources towards implementing existing laws and legal provisions prohibiting the work of, and thereafter rehabilitating, manual scavengers
• Enacting and implementing laws, policies and regulations to eliminate forced, bonded and child labour in global value and supply chains
• Enacting and implementing laws, policies and regulations for ensuring transparent and accountable global value and supply chains, including private and public sector enterprises
• Ensure stricter compliance and penalty for violating, national laws and international obligations on labour, including forced (bonded) and child labour
• Identify high-risk and vulnerable communities, regions and ecosystems; allocate additional resources towards their protection

- SDG 8 targets on women’s economic participation are closely tied to, and enables, SDG 5 targets on gender justice and empowerment.

- SDG 8 targets on eradicating forced labour, modern forms of slavery and human trafficking will significantly benefit from strengthened criminal justice system and the rule of law (SDG 16)

- SDG 8.5 on decent work for all is deeply embedded in SDG 10.2+10.3 on promoting social inclusion and providing equal opportunity for all (anti-discrimination). This is also identical to SDG 16.B

- Protecting fundamental freedoms (SDG 16.10) significantly contributes to protecting labour rights, including rights to collective bargaining, and to associate and assemble.

While not a partnership, Government of India’s MNREGA Scheme remains an example of public-citizen compact that supports generation of work.

GoI must implementUNGuidingPrinciplesonBusiness&HRs GoI & draft, ratify NtnlActionPlanonBusiness&HRs

Nafas LGBT Azerbaijan Alliance

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

State’s economic development policies will be more effective if they are inclusive for LGBTI people. Elimination of stigma, discrimination against LGBTI people in workspace removes barriers to full participation in the economy and gives them the opportunity to realize their full potential to become a contributor to economic growth. How to achieve progress, full-productive employment and accelerate the progress toward SDG8?
•Ensure an adequate budget to conduct awareness-raising programs for broader society to prevent discrimination and societal stigma against all disadvantaged or marginalized individuals or groups, including LGBTI citizens in relation to employment;
•Take the necessary legislative and administrative measures toward gender recognition in line with international best practice, to ensure that transgender and intersex persons have effective access to employment;
•Build effective strategies, policies that apply broadly to all areas and dimensions of employment to ensure that LGBTI people are not being discriminated against when it comes to hiring, retaining, promoting employees in both, public and private sector;
•Improve data collection disaggregated by SOGIESC related to income, existence, and utilization of workplace protections against discrimination and associations between sexual and gender minority inclusion and economic growth;
•Consult and cooperate with civil society organizations that working with or for the involvement of LGBTI people into the process;

The business climate in Azerbaijan is not LGBTI friendly. According to the survey conducted in 2013 by “Nafas” LGBT and encompassed such fields, like tourism, banks, trade malls, and included 500 respondents, 64% of them don’t want to work with LGBTI persons together, 60% of respondents wouldn't hire them.
The absence of legal gender recognition is a barrier to transgender and intersex persons having effective access to employment. The resulting mismatch between the gender identity and expression is being different to the sex/gender marker on their identity documents creates mistrust among potential employers, as well as focusing attention on the candidate’s gender identity and expression rather than suitability for a job.
Based on the evidence, another main problem occurs during the conscription military process. Every male homosexual, who was outed, is directed to psychological dispensary with diagnosing 18B ([...], psychopathy, pathological development of identity). In practice, every male citizen being asked for that certificate by the employer. Later 18B diagnose occurs in their military service certificate and makes their access to the labor market impossible.
Bullying at school by fellow students and even by teachers is in turn, associated with poorer academic performance and higher drop-out rates. Taking into account the cycle between academic performance, qualifications, and lifetime earnings, these phenomena almost certainly contribute to lower average earnings.

We believe that if one of them is not met, the other SDGs cannot be reached. A key target related to the first sustainable development goal is to ensure “that all men and women, in particular, the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services.”
All the other SDGs contribute to the achievement of SDG 1 but the particular relevance of SDG 8 is prominent for LGBTI people. Sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all (SDG 8) needs enhanced policy coherence (Target 17.14) and; promoted and enforced non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development (Target 16.B) that in result eradicates extreme poverty for all people everywhere (Target 1.1), ensures that all [..], in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, [..] (Target 1.4), by 2030 ends the hunger [...] (Target 2.1), ends all forms of discrimination [...] everywhere (Target 5.1) and ensures the access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services [...] (Target 11.1).

Current climate in country makes it impossible to achieve effective models of multi-stakeholder engagement for the implementation of SDG8.

World Farmers' Organisation - WFO

Rural populations rely heavily on agriculture for employment, food security, and general well-being. Investing in agriculture is one of the surest measures to ensure inclusive and sustainable economic growth and decent work for all.
Farmers should be included in the transformation of agriculture and get a remuneration for their work. We should ensure that they are able to transform their farms into sustainable, climate smart farms in order to be environmentally and socially sustainable and economically viable. They must be ensured a safe and fair access to the market. Women should have access to opportunities and their specific needs must be taken into consideration, as well as young farmers as they often have different skill sets: better access to digital technologies, for example.
We should also focus on exploiting synergies between producers and consumers: finding methods to provide a stable income to farmers and encouraging sustainable practices such as local consumption. This will rely heavily on policy changes at the national level and ensuring that governments and national organisations have access to the best information is fundamental. However, more coordination between international organizations could improve the type of development and interventions that are made to aid communities. Moreover, discovering new roles for the private sector, both in investing in general but also encouraging sustainable practices, could be an important factor.

The main shortfalls are rooted in the diversity of the farming sector. Farmers in developing, low income countries do not have the same needs as those in developed, high income countries. Targeted responses that take into consideration these specific needs should be formulated.

We need to address what issues can best serve the communities. Be it encouraging the use of local varieties of crops, ensuring fair access to markets, or promoting fair agricultural policies: these strategies must be implemented and adopted by the communities they target. We also need to understand the distribution of labour in farming communities so that we can better address youth issues, including youth education, in agricultural families. By ensuring farmers have sustainable, decent lives, we can transform the economic power of the family units and their choices regarding schooling, as well as ensure that young farmers have a viable future in farming. By ensuring they have access to markets, services, infrastructures, agriculture is seen as an attractive and remunerative activity and a choice for young people, with positive impact also in terms of bridging urban-rural spaces.

This requires significantly more data and ensuring that farmers are contributing this data themselves to understand the local realities.

As mentioned previously, ensuring farmers have sustainable and decent work, SDG 8 can ensure that other SDGs are met. Education is a prime example, as many farmers cannot afford to lose the labour during farming seasons and would thus forgo education opportunities. Ensuring that women have fair and equal treatment is also vital in sustaining economic growth, as they are often farmers with less access to education or funding opportunities. In turn, focusing on these specific needs allow us to impact other SDGs, including gender equality, youth, climate change and sustainability.

A positive example of new partnerships that can provide effective and sustainable growth could be Coldiretti, an organization reuniting most of Italy’s farmers and providing fair pricing and awareness to consumers on the quality of the goods.

The most important thing of these organizations is the innovative environment they create: an enabling forum that values the product and the producers. One example can be the Coldiretti- Campagna Amica farmers’ market in Rome. This is a farmers’ market in the city center where all the agricultural products come from farms located in Lazio, so they are zero-km products and all the producers are associated with Coldiretti. Fresh fruit, vegetables, cheeses, bread and bakery products, cereals, flour and pasta, legumes, oil, fresh meat, salami, honey, preserves, fresh raw milk on tap, plants and flowers are always available. The market supports the model of a shorter value chain where the interaction between producers and consumers is more direct and stronger.

Another good example is the Committee for the Promotion and Advancement of Cooperatives, COPAC. It is a multi-stakeholder partnership of global public and private institutions that supports people-centred and self-sustaining cooperative enterprises as key actors in sustainable development. In the farming sector, cooperatives can sustainably support farmers to achieve economies of scale and improve their access to markets, financing, information and other resources.

World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)

Non-Governmental Organizations

● Recognise that a business as usual approach to economic growth undermines any chance of keeping climate change to 1.5 degrees.
● Move ‘beyond GDP’ in our assessment of economic performance.
● Invest in environmental goods and services: This can be the best value for money in providing services such as freshwater, clean air and other long term economic assets such as timber, fisheries, and high yielding land. Investing in ‘natural infrastructure’ (e.g. wetlands), can be far cheaper than investing in ‘hard’ infrastructure (such as water purification plants), and have positive co-benefits for livelihoods, climate change and nature.
● Develop national strategies for Green Jobs, which are an important part of transitioning towards an ‘environmentally sustainable economy’ (ILO).
● Create sustainable supply chains in the global economy: eg by countries and companies committing to deforestation free supply chains and sustainable sourcing of commodities.
● Apply circular Economy approaches which also have co-benefits for meeting Goal 12.
● Pursue sustainable agricultural policies and investments: eg agroecological approaches
● Adhere to principles for sustainable Blue Economy: to prevent erosion of the oceans’ natural resources that future economic opportunities depend on.

●The economic value of services provided by nature are often ignored, and nature is treated as an unlimited free resource. The resulting exploitation ultimately undermines the basis for our economy now and into the future.
●No country has yet successfully delinked economic growth from environmental destruction. There is no blueprint for a sustainable economy, but key components are:
○ ensuring the true value of nature and environmental externalities are systematically factored into economic decisions
○ repurposing the economy to deliver sustainable prosperity rather than short-term GDP growth;
○ repurposing business to take account of wider impacts on the environment and society, not just short-term shareholder profit;
○ tackling the financial sector’s relentless focus on short-term and relative financial performance and that fails to reward sustainable business models
○ Leveraging the SDGs to drive meaningful change, holding governments to account and championing the delivery of the SDGs by all stakeholders
●Failure to Address tensions within Goal 8. For example, if countries focus on the targets in Goal 8 that emphasis economic growth and GDP (such as target 8.1) without considering the other targets that champion resource efficiency and decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation (8.4), then countries could pursue economic pathways that have negative impacts on climate change and the environment.

● Unless economic growth is environmentally sustainable and in line with a 1.5 degree warming scenario then any progress on delivering the SDGs will be undermined by climate change impacts and the breakdown of the natural systems that sustain us
● The economic model countries pursue will influence all the goals, for example: If the benefits of economic development are reaching the poorest (Goal 1); If agriculture and food security is sustainable (Goal 2); If decent work and economic empowerment is available to both women and men (Goal 5); The type of energy mix that is fueling economic development (Goal 7); If economic development is reducing inequality or exacerbating it (Goal 10); If economic investment in infrastructure priorities natural infrastructure such as wetlands for managing water supplies and mangroves for coastal defenses, or infrastructure that is carbon intensive and environmentally damaging (Goal 11)
● Goal 12 will succeed or fail depending on the economic policies and incentives that drive economic behaviour
● If all stakeholders implemented measures to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation and improved resource efficiency, it would have a positive impact on climate (Goal 13)
● Goals 14 and 15: Changing the incentives in the economic system so that nature is valued is fundamental if we are to tackle both climate change and the loss of nature

● Land Use Planning processes, involving multiple stakeholders helps to decide what activities should go where in a landscape, looking at interdependences between different uses of land, assessing potential competing uses of the land, the needs of the community, and the economic potential of the natural resources. For example https://www.cifor.org/library/5207/

Stockholm International Water Institute

Non-Governmental Organizations

Sustainable economic growth is not possible without the sustainable use of natural resources. Global freshwater resources are finite and poor water governance have detrimental impacts on economic productivity and the availability of decent work. The shift to a sustainable circular economy in which the central role of water is fully recognized, leads to the creation of more jobs, an increase in the number of decent jobs and greater social inclusion (ILO, 2013).

Good access to drinking water and sanitation promotes an educated and healthy workforce, allowing sustained economic growth (WWAP, 2016). Lower absenteeism leads to high productivity given a more capable workforce and lower factory error rates. Through the HERproject, Levis Strauss provided women at factories with health education and improvement of on-site health services and behaviour. Absenteeism fell by 55% and staff turnover has dropped from 50% to 12%. One factory calculated a $4:$1 return on investment (ROI) (WSUP, 2015). Inclusion of menstrual hygiene management can help women stay in work and ensure gender equality in the workplace. In Kendougou, Senegal, 96% of the women surveyed said they did not regularly go to work while they were menstruating. [Kiendrebeogo, 2012).

Three out of four jobs worldwide are water-dependent. From its collection, through various uses, to its ultimate return to the natural environment, water is a key factor in the development of job opportunities directly related to its management (supply, infrastructure, wastewater treatment, etc.) and in water-dependent economic sectors including agriculture, fishing, energy, industry and health. To make progress on SDG 8 the role of water needs to be recognised.

Non-Governmental Organizations

In addition to its focus on economic growth, SDG8 also makes provisions for the universal guarantee of decent work and promoting safe and secure working environments, including for informal and migrant workers. This focus is often subjugated to the overall emphasis on growth, but it is fundamental in advancing the principles of the 2030 Agenda and in guaranteeing human rights. The WHO has indicated that sanitation workers face a greater risk of infection, injury and death than ordinary people though their daily work in all settings. Sanitation workers suffer terrible working conditions, are exposed to various occupational hazards, and have their rights to dignity violated on a regular basis, including those involved in ‘manual scavenging’ (i.e. manually emptying onsite sanitation facilities) and those sent to work in sewers without appropriate equipment or training, which too often results in “sewer deaths”. Sanitation workers also face severe stigma and discrimination globally, because of their work. It is paramount to dignify, train and safeguard workers to ensure the sustainability of service provision and delivery and the attractiveness of the jobs and business opportunities in the sanitation market from collection to reuse/disposal, to ensure the achievement of the 2030 Agenda.

SDG6, aiming for universal access to safely managed sanitation, can obscure the involvement of ‘services’ therefore workers. Efforts to address SDG8 and SDG6 should be complementary, ensuring decent work conditions for sanitation workers alongside increased provision of sanitation services.

Missionaries in development

We can accelerate progress on economic growth and decent work by supporting efforts that promote Gender Equality and inclusion to unlock the potential of both genders especially women and girls. 'Leaving No One Behind' cannot be achieved without the empowerment of women and girls. Closing the gender gap should be central to any rural growth and employment creation agenda. Women smallholders comprise an average of 43% of the agricultural labour force of developing countries (50% in sub-Saharan Africa). 79% of these women identify agriculture as their primary economic activity. Yet women often lack access to productive assets, such as land and services like extension services, credit and quality inputs, that can enhance farm productivity and household incomes.
Investment in agriculture (especially more small-scale, labour-intensive agriculture) is an effective way to increase growth & employment, reduce extreme poverty and improve nutrition, particularly in marginalised and hard-to-reach areas. One of the biggest shortfalls/gaps is support for agri-business which should be further developed. For example, in Africa, agri-businesses accounts for more than 30% of national incomes as well as the bulk of export revenues and national employment. Strengthening targeted investments in agri-business has the potential to generate sustained income flows and prosperous livelihoods in both rural and urban areas.

One of the biggest gaps is that women receive less than 10% of all credit going to smallholder farmers. Women farmers could grow 30% more food given access to the same resources as men: we could reduce global hunger by 150 million people. Agricultural transformation can only happen if it promotes practices that reduce or share the workload on small-scale farms.
We should also urgently invest in initiatives that reduce post-harvest food waste and spoilage (through improved storage, preservation, computer technology and improved access to credit and markets). With improved food security and nutrition, comes improved education, health and social stability.
We can improve delivery of the SDGs by supporting efforts that recognise social protection as an important policy instrument to reduce extreme poverty. Ending poverty requires universal social protection systems aimed at protecting all people throughout their life cycle, and targeted measures to reduce vulnerability to disasters and address specific geographical areas within a country.
Unconditional Cash transfers or guaranteed labour schemes provide a basic income, for the poorest in rural and urban areas, enabling them to buy their own farm inputs, increasing choice and supporting the agriculture input supply chain, and are more efficient than fertiliser subsidies. Guaranteed labour schemes provide alternative income opportunities for the landless.

Investment in agriculture (especially more small-scale, labour-intensive agriculture) is an effective way to increase growth & employment, reduce extreme poverty and improve nutrition, particularly in marginalised and hard-to-reach areas. One of the biggest shortfalls/gaps is support for Agribusiness which should be further developed. For example, in Africa, agri-businesses accounts for more than 30% of national incomes as well as the bulk of export revenues and national employment. The sector is currently worth about $313 billion, and already provides jobs for 70% of the poorest. Strengthening targeted investments in agri-business has the potential to generate sustained income flows and prosperous livelihoods in both rural and urban areas.

International Rescue Committee

Non-Governmental Organizations, Refugees and displaced communities

Sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all will not be achieved unless there is increased attention and support to fragile and conflict-affected states that are in danger of being left behind. The achievement of this goal relies on inclusive labour markets generating decent work, particularly for refugees and displaced populations in these contexts. Donors and multilaterals should continue to scale up interventions and partnerships that drive progress towards the SDGs in fragile and conflict-affected states. These could include compact agreements that provide long term support to refugee hosting communities and refugee populations. Compact approaches must also incentivise governments to implement policy changes that can support displaced peoples’ access to services, like education and health, and to formal, safe and decent jobs. This funding must be multi-year and flexible, and can include private sector partnerships and trade concessions.

Fragile and conflict affected states are where the greatest needs and challenges to achieving the SDGs exist – and where 2.3 billion people will live by 2030. Analysis conducted by the International Rescue Committee and the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) in 2018 found that on average 35% of LICs and MICs are ‘on track’ to meet selected SDG targets - those relating to meeting basic needs - in comparison to just 18% of fragile states. This means that up to 4 in 5 fragile and conflict affected states are either off track to meet the SDGs or lack the data for an assessment of progress.

Global data shows that girls and women of reproductive age are more likely to live in poor households than boys and men. Meanwhile the majority of countries where this is evident are either fragile or conflict affected. Therefore, eradicating poverty (SDG 1), achieving gender equality (SDG 5) are interlinked and at risk of not being met unless economic opportunities for crisis-affected women and girls are transformed. In order to address this through both policy and practice, economic programmes seeking to increase women’s use and control of economic resources must tackle the heightened risks of gender based violence and women’s economic exploitation in crisis contexts.

While the Goal 8 targets to achieve equal pay for work of equal value by 2030 are crucial to women’s economic empowerment, the indicators are not adapted to crisis settings or populations where, in particular, refugees and IDPs face legal and administrative barriers to formal, decent job opportunities. Progress for crisis-affected communities should be measured across goals.

Partnerships, including with the private sector, ranging from refugee hiring initiatives to meet labour market gaps, investing in crisis-affected settings and developing goods and services for crisis-affected communities are emerging as a means to facilitate long-term economic and social integration.

Frontline AIDS and MPact Global Action for Gay Men’s Health and Rights

Ensure equality and non-discrimination for people living with HIV and those most at risk of acquiring HIV in the workplace. Access to antiretroviral treatment. Guaranteeing the right of everyone to the opportunity to gain his living by work which he freely chooses or accepts, and will take appropriate steps to safeguard this right. Ensure full and productive employment under conditions safeguarding fundamental political and economic freedoms to the individual. Uphold the right of everyone to the enjoyment of just and favorable conditions of work (Articles 6.1, 6.2 and 7 respectively of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural rights).

People living with HIV or affected by HIV can become unwell or spend long periods of time seeking health services and may be absent from their work. HIV costs around US $7 billion in lost earnings to the global economy each year. This is largely due to hundreds of thousands of preventable AIDS-related deaths. Access to antiretroviral treatment has the potential to keep employees healthy and productive, leading to a decrease in the number of people living with HIV who are unable to work. Globally, there are still 2 million new HIV infections per year. Effective HIV treatment, where a person achieves HIV suppression, is one way of preventing the spread of infection. Due to the current slow rate at which people are able to access antiretroviral therapy, an additional 49 million people are likely to become HIV positive by 2035. The impact of HIV has many hidden costs, such as children carrying out household chores and families performing unpaid care work. In 45 countries there is no legislation to address sexual harassment.

Addressing the ‘leave no one behind principle’ especially amongst people living with HIV and those most at risk of acquiring HIV, links SDG 8 with target 3.3, as well as Goal 10 and Goal 5.

Irish Congress of Trade Unions

Research shows that between 1970 and 2010 the share of national income (GDP) that went to owners of capital (in the form of profits) rose while labour’s share (wages and salaries) declined. Comprehensive national employment policy frameworks, built upon the principle of policy coherence for development, are needed. Governments need to design and implement pro-employment macroeconomic strategies supported by progressive trade, industrial, tax and infrastructure policies, including investments in education and skills development, youth employment, equality and the care economy. Such policy frameworks should be developed through tripartite consultations, including governments and social partners. An enabling environment underpinned by the full recognition of the trade unions’ role is also crucial.

Research places Ireland’s overall ranking in the Sustainable Progress Index at 11th out of 15 countries analysed (EU-15). The report highlights Ireland’s particularly poor performance on low pay, and NEETs.
The growth in employment in Ireland has been impressive but research reveals an alarming growth in precarious work practices across the island of Ireland, since 2008 - 8% of the workforce in the Republic saw significant variations in their hours of work, from week to week or month to month. This is confirmed in Eurofound’s 6th European Working Conditions Survey , which states that nearly half (46%) of workers under 35 were on precarious non-standard contracts of employment of one form or another - the 3rd worst in the EU. If Ireland is to achieve Goal 8 of decent work for all, we need to see changes to the legislation that will ensure the elimination of zero hour contracts, guarantee the right to a minimum number of working hours and provide workers with a clear written statement of their terms and conditions from day one. That is why we campaigned for the Employment (Miscellaneous Provisions) Bill 2017 which comes into effect on March 1st.
Other issues include: The Gender Pay Gap in Ireland stands at 13.9%; lack of affordable quality childcare; people with disabilities half as likely to be employed; concerns about trafficking for forced labour

The impact of decent work on tackling inequalities (Goal 10) & the need to change our Labour markets in areas such as: Social protection Collective Bargaining, Labour Standards, Gender Equality and renewed institutions. The ILO’s decent work agenda is key to tackling inequality here and around the world.

Transitioning towards sustainable and resilient societies needs a collective effort (Goal 13). It will also require universal social and economic transformations on a scale and at a speed never witnessed before in human history. The “Just Transition” is premised on an inclusive approach that brings together workers, communities, employers and governments in social dialogue to drive the concrete plans, policies and investments needed for a fast and fair transformation towards environmentally sustainable and socially responsible modes of production and consumption. It focuses on jobs and ensuring that no one is left behind in a collective bid to reduce emissions, protect the climate and biodiversity and advance social and economic justice. It builds social protection, provides skills training, redeployment, labour market policies and community development and renewal within a landscape of environmentally driven adaptation of the means of production on which societies rely.
Thousands of workers & communities across Ireland are reliant on fossil-fuels for a livelihood and if we fail to affect a ‘just transition’ to a low carbon economy, we could condemn them to poverty (Goal 1)

Jam & Justice Action Research Collective (via the University of Sheffield, Urban Institute)

Non-Governmental Organizations, Education & Academic Entities

As an Action Research Collective composed of academics, practitioners, public servants, and committed citizens, we have found creating shared space outside our individual domains important as a step towards inclusive thinking about economics, employment and work.

This submission highlights aspects of our action research in Transform GM, People's Procurement & the Care at Home Inquiry. Underpinning each of these is co-productive design and implementation.

Some learning from our collaboration is documented here: https://jamandjustice-rjc.org/sites/default/files/Co-Producing_the_City_brochure.pdf

National agendas are focused on narrow definitions of economic success and growth (e.g. in terms of competition and net productivity). Our focus is regional, and we observe that the shortcomings of the national agenda often constrain how policy is developed at a more local level.

The recent Independent Prosperity Review for Greater Manchester is an example of this: commissioned partly as an evidence base for the required Local Industrial Strategy, it gives more attention to a potential competitive product (graphene) than to the well-being of citizens.

Our action research projects have a common focus on inclusion and participatory democracy in urban governance (spanning SDGs 10, 16 and 17). Perhaps because of that focus, several of our projects also engage with SDG 8.

For example, Transform GM mapped examples of the social and solidarity economy in Greater Manchester and conducted a survey of those active in those sectors. A project report uses case studies from Barcelona and Geneva to demonstrate how paying formal attention to these transformative economic actors can implement sustainable and equitable practices whilst building the necessary socio-economic power to leverage wider change. We are now in dialogue with public sector policy-makers to explore how these sectors can be represented in city-regional economic policy, as a component of inclusive growth and innovation strategy (cf. SDG target 8.3).
Download the report: https://jamandjustice-rjc.org/blog/transformgm-re-thinking-prosperity-and-economics-greater-manchester

Each of our projects were co-designed by a multi-stakeholder Action Research Collective & realised via cross-sectoral collaboration with academic researchers, non-academic co-researchers (from the ARC), and often NGOs or VCSE sector delivery partners. Each engaged Local Authority stakeholders and other public & private bodies in advisory and/or directly participatory roles. Capacity-building work with regional authorities is ongoing.

In addition to Transform GM (discussed above), other examples linked with SDG 8 include:

- The Care at Home inverted Citizens' Inquiry, led by a community interest company, with professionals from the Health & Social Care sectors, and engaging Care Providers, public sector commissioners, and others with planning implementation of recommendations. This identified issues for the social care workforce, in terms of equal pay and opportunity to progress.
https://jamandjustice-rjc.org/news/care-home-inquiry-report-published
- People's Procurement, a project concerned with enhancing citizens' understanding of and involvement in decision-making around procurement and social value (see our submission to SDG 16).
- People's Republic of Energy, which developed a prototype for sustainable urban tourism (8.9) as an offshoot of research (see our submission to SDG 13).
-Young People Missing from Decisions, which identified barriers to future employment (see our submission to SDG 4).

This goal may benefit from considered commitment to stability (not simply growth).

Grupo de Trabalho da Sociedade Civil para a Agenda 2030 (GT Agenda 2030) t

Non-Governmental Organizations

- Implementar estratégias de transição para um modelo de economia circular nos principais setores das economias, com foco em modelos de negócios regenerativos e na conservação da biodiversidade.
- Aumentar recursos para a economia criativa, investir de forma adequada em C&T e na educação em tecnologia, design e produção cultural e aumentar o financiamento para ciência e tecnologia em diversas áreas.
- Estabelecer política de reutilização de resíduos sólidos, incentivando a indústria de reciclagem de materiais de forma descentralizada; incentivar o uso de embalagens biodegradáveis; incentivar a indústria de consumo a diminuir seu uso de embalagens (reengenharia comunicacional sobre diferenciação em marketing) e incentivar a reflexão nos centros de formação de profissionais em publicidade, design, marketing e administração.
- Reestruturar e modernizar os programas governamentais destinados à resolução de questões referentes à oferta e procura, emprego, desemprego, precarização, hierarquização e segmentação, com atenção especial às políticas voltadas às mulheres visando à equidade de gênero, e garantindo condições de trabalho dignas a toda a população.
- Construir e implementar uma política industrial e agrícola de médio e longo prazos que contenha em suas linhas estratégicas os preceitos deste ODS em particular e de todos os demais que se interligam a ele.

- A não erradicação do trabalho infantil e trabalho forçado, em razão da falta de fiscalização e eficiência do sistema de garantia de direitos.

- A falta de incentivos eficazes para criação de novos modelos de negócio sustentáveis ou transição de modelos de negócio tradicionais para uma economia circular.

- Falta de governança, monitoramento e avaliação das políticas de desenvolvimento nacional.

- Falta de comprometimento político com os direitos dos trabalhadores com a crescente precarização do trabalho e das relações trabalhistas.

- Crescente perda de legitimidade dos sindicatos frente aos trabalhadores e de transparência e governança do sindicalismo brasileiro. As associações representativas da classe trabalhadora perderam protagonismo frente os representados e capacidade de leitura, reflexão, proposição e mobilização.

- Relação estreita entre o aumento da saúde e do bem-estar dos indivíduos e sua contribuição para o crescimento econômico (8.1) e sua capacidade de trabalho (8.5 e 8.6). Por sua vez, o crescimento econômico pode aumentar os gastos com saúde pública.

- Ações que conectem com outros ODS que promovem crescimento econômico sobre bases sustentáveis, sobretudo o ODS 12 (produção e consumo sustentáveis), considerando as ligações existentes por meio de cadeias de produção e consumo sustentáveis, englobando tanto questões sociais quanto ambientais. Conexão também com outros ODS que referem-se a setores como grande potencial de crescimento econômico e transição a uma economia mais inclusiva e ambientalmente responsável, como o ODS 7 e ODS 6.

- Laboratório da Moda Sustentável: iniciativa multistakeholder focada em transformações que garantam a sustentabilidade da indústria da moda no Brasil, envolvendo temas de condições de trabalho, relações de poder na cadeia produtiva, ciclo de vida de produtos, desenvolvimento econômico e consumo consciente.
https://www.labmodasustentavel.org.br/

- O tema da economia circular ainda é negligenciado dentro do contexto da agenda como um todo.

Science & Technological Community

The Role of Science, Technology and Innovation in the UN 2030 Agenda
by David Horan, Enda Murphy, Patrick Paul Walsh.

We argue the transition path to inclusive and environmental sustainable economic development must be Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) intensive. We outline an economic framework that demonstrates the need to transform the nature of STI and reorient it towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We outline the various public policy options that can reorient investment patterns in STIs towards achieving the SDGs. The Means of Implementation (MoIs) of the UN 2030 agenda will need to blend to create new modalities of finance, governance and public policy at all levels if we are to reorient STI and induce the transformative changes in economic, social, environmental and political systems required to achieve the SDGs. We address the implications of our analysis for the UN global Technology Facilitation Mechanism (TFM) which aims to promote STI access, transfer and capacities across nations to achieve the SDGs.

The nature of Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) is not oriented enough to Sustainable Development but tends to have a focus on Economic Growth.

For this SDG technology to emerge and allow the TFM to be more effective in its mission, technology creation needs a wider ecosystem with public policy supports targeting all seven SDG MoIs in a more holistic approach. These MoIs include creating a market space for SDG oriented production, finance, public and private partnerships, data and lots of other capacities to ensure STI is more pervasive in its diffusion and assist more effectively with the implementation of SDGs across nations.

Industrial Policy in Ireland has foreign investment criteria that are economic, social and environmental for the local economy. Clearly, does not impose UN Principles of Responsible Investment on the value chains outside of Ireland. Happy to allow tax avoidance using low corporate tax rates.

Economic regulation, such as procurement polices, should embed social and environmental criteria.

Non-Governmental Organizations, Lumos works to protect the rights of children living in institutions and at risk of institutionalisation. This submission has been prepared by Lumos alone.

. - Improved identification of child victims of trafficking (via improved training for frontline professionals working with children and improved support mechanisms for victims to encourage self-identification)
- Access to quality universal services and specialist support services for victims
- Strengthening child protection systems and investing in family support services to create a protective environment against trafficking
- Prevention of child trafficking via informed grassroots and systemic responses that tackle the root causes and improve children's ability to access their rights
- Quality and evidence-led research to inform responses
- Ensuring every unaccompanied and trafficked child is appointed an independent legal guardian
- Informing children of their rights and how to seek assistance if they feel at risk of trafficking or if they have been exploited
- Providing safe and legal passage for children in migration who are seeking asylum
- Ensuring every child victim of trafficking is provided with a durable solution (that may include secure status, mental health support, compensation, access to justice, guardianship, etc)
- Peer to peer support groups to aid those who have been trafficked
- Targeted programmes to prevent re-trafficking
- Quality family-based care for child victims of trafficking (avoiding institutionalisation of children who have been trafficked)
- Awareness campaigns about the harms of orphanage tourism, volutourism and donations

- Lack of accurate data about the number of children living in institutions (who are at a higher risk of trafficking) - and a failure to identify trafficking in these situations
- Poor identification of child victims
- Failure to tackle orphanage tourism/voluntourism, which is a known driver of 'orphanage trafficking'
- Weak institutional capacity to successfully identify and prosecute trafficking cases
- Under-resourced child protection systems and a failure to invest in family-strengthening initiatives as a preventative step
- Lack of political engagement to end trafficking
- Inability to crack down on unregistered institutions for children where trafficking may occur
- Poor multi-agency working, particularly on child cases
- Inexperience of actors in responding to child trafficking
- Shame/stigma in communities about exploitation, as well as perpetuation of exploitative cultural practices e.g. restavek
- Failure to crack down on child labour
- Unsafe migration routes
- Failure to tackle demand for exploitative services and child abuse

No children should be left behind; children in institutions must be counted.

Climate Change Centre Reading

SDG 8 and 11 Re-thinking housing (10 storeys or more, passive and modular), towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and mainstreaming urban adaptation measures to resilience. To deal with the scale of the disaster impacts anticipated in the UK, as identified by the scientific evidence.” E.g. 70% of carbon emission come from cities, this requires adequate urban governance. Improve indoor/outdoor environment with noise assessment in residential and public buildings. The plotting System of land and all Planning Applications must have mitigation/adaptation and ecological consent. All new-build developments should come under passive (energy efficient modular houses) housing in the same area, diverse Eco-friendly light, heat reflective building materials and pillar construction, min. LEED Gold standard. All street lighting maximum 3000K CCT + switched off/dimmed after midnight (BLACK NETWORK) Downlighters - ALL UK BOROUGHS TO COMMIT TO ECOLOGY with three main criteria: low energy, real sustainability, urban resilience and aesthetics.

Triple renewable energy generation in the 2020s from genuinely sustainable sources (wind, water, solar). This means increasing funding for renewables rather than taking it away, introducing more competitive auctions to distribute the funds, unblocking planning restrictions, and boosting skills training so workers in declining industries can move into cleaner jobs.

"Growing inequalities create new forms of poverty and exclusion. Local and regional governments face the daily responsibility of tackling socio-spatial exclusion and promoting social justice, integrating migrants, preventing discrimination and urban violence, and protecting social rights to ensure prosperity and well-being.

Greener cities and territories are the key to a sustainable future. Local and regional governments must move towards sustainable production and consumption patterns and act to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
Culture is a vital element of citizenship, integration and co-existence. Culture should be the fourth pillar of sustainable development. All citizens have the right to culture. Cities and territories should promote active cultural policies"

Cross-cutting SDG 11/13 with SDG 8

The effort employed to effect change last year was far more than should have been necessary for the small steps that were taken. They included the UK Government committing to look into fast 10% net zero emissions targets, city mayors in London, Manchester and Bristol starting to step up to the climate emergency, renewables achieving a record share of our electricity supply, and the Government increasing funding to decarbonise heavy industry.

Triple renewable energy generation in the 2020s from genuinely sustainable sources (wind, water, solar). This means increasing funding for renewables rather than taking it away, introducing more competitive auctions to distribute the funds, unblocking planning restrictions, and boosting skills training so workers in declining industries can move into cleaner jobs.

No new airport runways and introduce a frequent flyer levy – we need to face up to the fact that growing emissions from flying do not fit with our mid-term climate obligations. A frequent flyer levy would be a socially just system for curbing our aviation emissions. Third runways for e-aviation only (Future of Flight Challenge, through electrification and autonomy, and commits to increasing gender equality in the sector).

Climate Chance
THE REPORT OF THE OBSERVATORY ON NON-STATE CA - https://www.climate-chance.org/en

Animal Issues Thematic Cluster of the NGO Major Group

Non-Governmental Organizations

One way to accelerate progress towards SDG 8 is to exploit the benefits of ecotourism. The economic benefits of ecotourism are remarkable. It is estimated that 80% of trips to Africa are for wildlife viewing. One live elephant in a viewing camp can generate up to USD 1.6 million for the global economy over its lifetime. This is not limited to the developing world; in the US, Yellowstone’s wolves generate USD 70 million per year. Nature recreation and tourism support 612k jobs in the US. Robust wildlife populations and healthy ecosystems are critical to the economic well-being of developed and developing regions.

It is vital that such tourism is ethical and humane to attract today’s aware and discerning tourists. For example, in Africa, there are campaigns to expose and boycott destinations that breed, use or kill animals unnecessarily or inhumanely.

Additionally, many developing countries have a high youth population. Therefore, in line with indicator 8.6, a key strategy is to help youth develop the skills needed in their mostly rural context, setting them up for success. Many rural communities come from areas where farming or tourism are still the main sources of income. ODI reports show that countries that have a strong agricultural sector have a stronger economy. When good practice farm management, animal health, welfare, and tourism are incorporated into school programs, youth programs, and apprenticeship opportunities, progress towards SDG 8 will be accelerated.

One of the biggest issues that we find in achieving SDG 8 is the missing link between ecotourism-based benefits and the communities that should be receiving those benefits. Often, the case is that unintended consequences, corruption, or mismanagement allows tourism dollars to go a wealthy few instead of those that live in and around the protected area. Ensuring that the community is involved in these projects can help ensure local communities are benefitting.

The 2018 progress and indicators for SDG 8 in 2018 states that ‘Youth are three times more likely to be unemployed than adults, with the global youth unemployment rate at 13 per cent in 2017.’ This is even more true in a developing context where youth unemployment is even higher as seen in World Bank reporting. Thus, capacity and skills-building for youth can have a big impact on this current gap.

SDG 8 can be considered a lynchpin for many of the other goals. Although economic growth is currently accepted as a primary form of measuring progress, there are now moves to encompass other more qualitative aspects of development. If tethered to other forms of progress and development such as the other SDGs, wellbeing can be improved holistically while engaging a diverse set of stakeholders. Tackling SDG 8 will also more specifically relate to SDGs 1, 4, 5 and 17.

Liwonde National Park’s ecosystem in Malawi features abundant biodiversity, including a large population of elephants. It is also surrounded by economically impoverished human settlements that rely on the park for resources, which has led to human-animal conflict and park degradation.
To reduce human-animal conflict while improving food security and nutrition, the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) partnered with an economic development consulting firm and with village leadership of Chikolongo village to find solutions. Over the last five years, the team built an electric fence to prevent elephants from raiding village crops as well as a water pump for irrigation and drinking water.
Additionally, community farms, apiaries, and livestock programs have been instituted and run by local villagers. As a result, there has been a dramatic drop in poaching of elephants for food and a significant decrease in the number of villagers reporting they do not grow enough to eat. The number of people killed by crocodiles or hippos while retrieving water from the river dropped to zero.
IFAW was able to reduce human-wildlife conflict and park degradation while improving food security, nutrition, sustainable livelihoods, and sustainable growth because of intentionally engaging community members in every step from planning to implementation to monitoring and evaluation. Many of the people now running the program are villagers, highlighting the importance of engaging local communities.

Governments must enhance the quality of education, equity and inclusion by investing in the decent working conditions of teachers and education support personnel, including decent salaries, fair recruitment and employment, career progression, and the right to collective bargaining and freedom of association;
- Ensure equal pay for work of equal value, and address the increase in insecure, fixed and/or short-term employment, which disproportionately affects women.
- Implement the provisions of the ILO/UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers (1966) and the UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Higher-Education Teaching Personnel (1997)
- Design and implement pro-employment macroeconomic strategies supported by progressive trade, industrial, tax and infrastructure policies, including investments in public quality education system, skills development and lifelong learning, youth employment, equality and the care economy. Such policy frameworks should be developed through tripartite consultations, including governments and social partners.
- Guarantee decent work conditions, including comprehensive social protection, adequate minimum living wages, occupational health and safety, reasonable working hours and job security. As well as ensure the implementation of ILO Conventions 87 and 98.
- Eliminate forced labour, child labour and modern slavery

- Too many teachers and education support personnel are so-called working poor, and many of them have to do several jobs to make ends meet. Considering that the working poor account for more than 700 million people, meeting SDGs by 2030 will be impossible if this issue is left unaddressed. Implementing and enforcing a statutory minimum wage guaranteeing an income that allows people to live with dignity and is essential to reducing poverty. Also, the decline in the wage share in many countries has contributed to deficiencies in aggregate demand, which has been detrimental for growth and employment at the national level as well for the global economy.
- The gender pay gap directly undermines SDG 8 as well as SDG 5, and reproduces gender inequality and injustices.
- The weakening of labour market institutions, following 'structural adjustment' programs, has been contributing to increasing inequality.
- Low global coverage of social protection despite the legal and operational basis for governments to ensure an adequate level of social protection for all.
- The integration of national economies into global markets and the expansion of global supply chains have intensified competition and caused leading firms to cut labour costs through restructuring, outsourcing and off-shoring. These changes also accompanied by the deregulation of labour markets and a rollback in policy support for protective labour market institutions and collective bargaining

Teachers’ working conditions are students’ learning conditions, the decent work agenda is thus a central part also of SDG 4 and the commitment to quality education. If we are to increase the global supply of qualified teachers, governments must urgently increase the attractiveness of the profession to recruit and retain quality teachers. Policies to make the profession attractive include: decent working conditions and salaries; quality initial teacher training; access to free, sufficient support, relevant continuous professional development; adequate professional autonomy; quality working environments; professional standards defined by and with educators; effective social dialogue mechanisms; and teachers’ meaningful involvement in policy decisions.
Putting the creation of decent work at the heart of economic policy-making and development plans, would not only generate opportunities for quality jobs (decent work) but also more robust, inclusive and poverty-reducing growth. Social dialogue at both bipartite and tripartite levels is vital for harmonious industrial relations and solid economic growth and inclusive development in increasingly complex societies. Addressing the gender pay gap is key for achieving both SDGs 5 and 8.

Union des Amis Socio Culturels d'Action en developpement (UNASCAD)

L’objectif 8 qui vise la croissance économique, selon toutes les études approfondies même avant la ratification du cadre des ODD, pour atteindre les moyens les plus efficaces doit accentuer sur la croissance de la productivité dans tous les pays en vue d’augmenter l’emploi et de réduire considérablement le chômage pour tous afin d’empêcher à 212 millions de personnes d’être privées d’un emploi en cette annee 2019 selon OIT.

Jusqu’à présent, les pays à faible revenu connaissent des difficultés énormes pour produire en quantité suffisante à cause de l’absence des moyens technologiques surtout dans le domaine de l’agriculture. Ces pays sont confrontés à des problèmes majeurs pour procurer des services de base selon les standards à ses populations. Ils sont dans l’obligation d’importer tous ceux dont ils ont besoin au niveau de pays à revenus supérieur et intermédiaire- ce qui crée un déséquilibre total dans la balance de la croissance économique mondiale puisque les pays riches deviennent plus extra riches et les pays moins avancés sont sous la menace de l’extrême pauvreté.

Ce n’est pas aussi facile- mais si l’on doit tenir compte de l’accomplissement si tant recherché, absolument il faut faire en sorte que les banques de technologie liées à la science et à l’innovation autour de la coopération surtout Nord-Sud des pays à faible revenu soit pleinement avantagée, accessible et opérationnelle d’ici 2030 - en tenant compte surtout du renforcement de l’utilisation des technologies, en particulier l’informatique , les communications et la formation. C’est l’une des façons de parvenir à établir ce lien

Grace à l’influence de la haute technologie, de la science et de l’innovation détient le secteur privé, qui a le pouvoir de la croissance économique mondiale. La croissance économique soutenue, inclusive et durable incombe inéluctablement d’étayer le partenariat mondial c’est-à-dire toutes les parties prenantes doivent s’immiscer vraiment autour des partenariats dynamiques, émergents et profitables.

La croissance économique bien huilée est capable de mettre fin à l’esclavage moderne.

We are part of the NGOMG and the MGCY.

In the private sector, we identify the need of creating programs of education and promotion, so people can have access to continuous education and know the benefits offered by their companies.

Lack of decent jobs, especially for youth, as a large amount of young people are hired with short-term or outsourced contracts, with no fixed working hours, making them vulnerable and non-eligible for basic benefits as social security.

In terms of internships and apprenticeships, there’s no criteria for ensuring a quality experience, this way internships and apprenticeships tend to be abused as a way to exploit.

On the other hand, there is the urgent need to ban unequal pay based on gender.

Addressing the issues explained in the other questions with a multistakeholder approach (youth employment, gender gap, internships, apprenticeships, continuous education) can help to achieve SDG 10, 4 and 5.

Other stakeholders active in areas related to sustainable development

Addressing the underlying drivers of child poverty, food / nutrition insecurity and vulnerability to climate and disaster risk. Interventions focus on graduating the poorest households with children out of extreme poverty by developing productive and resilient livelihoods enabling them to feed, care for and educate their children from infancy to productive adulthood.This approach should be complemented by positive family/gender relations, women’s economic empowerment and policies that promote graduation out of extreme poverty.

In rural and remote areas many smallholder farmers and business owners cannot earn enough to cover their daily needs because they lack access to profitable markets and valuable market information. The majority of smallholder farmers are confined to informal and local markets, which are controlled by aggressive entrepreneurs referred to as middlemen, collectors, traders, brokers or intermediaries.
Unlike the smallholder farmers, the brokers are endowed with information about markets and prices and are able to reap heavy gains at the expense of the small producers. Farmers typically sell their products at the farm gate to collectors or traders who offer low prices that do not adequately cover the needs of the farmers or necessarily cover the costs of farming the produce. Farmers accept the offered price due to their need for cash, which plays into the hands of the collectors and traders.
This type of situation leaves producers feeling hopeless and without any means of increasing their incomes. Producers are unaware of what options are available for improving their situation as the market information is not available to them. Or if the information is available, producers are often not aware of how they can access the type of technical, social or agricultural assistance that may be necessary to improve their practices.

Violence against children negatively impacts both employment as well as economic growth. In terms of employment, the physical and mental health and educational consequences of violence against children – including as a result of child labour – can damage a child’s productivity and employment prospects as an adult.
Violence against children also hinders economic growth as result of its negative impact on human capital and the costs associated with responding to violence. In the United States alone, the total lifetime costs of child violence, including health care, child welfare, criminal justice and the value of lost future productivity and earnings have been estimated to be US$124 billion each year. Globally, the financial costs resulting from physical, sexual and psychological violence against children have been estimated to be as high as US$7 trillion per year or 8 per cent of total global GDP. Thus, the impact of violence against children on economic growth is significant.

The worst forms of child labour are inherently violent and constitute violence against children.

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions

Non-Governmental Organizations

As concerns promoting decent work, a key issue is the lack of access to information. Too often people who could take up jobs or entrepreneurship opportunities simply do not know that they are there, and then do not have the skills necessary to apply. Libraries provide a safe and welcoming environment both to access information, and develop the ability to seize opportunities.

A further issue is around access to information about rights. In addition to very good work at the global level to give free access to legal research for people in less developed countries, ordinary workers need to be able to seek advice and support. Libraries can help provide this.

In order to take on more productive jobs, people need to be able to gain skills throughout life. Libraries have a strong record of providing and facilitating lifelong learning, as set out in our response on SDG4.

On the subject of financial inclusion – the possibility for everyone to have a bank account and access loans and other support – is also part of SDG8. By offering the possibility to develop skills and confidence in using digital tools, libraries can facilitate the uptake of new financial inclusion possibilities, as well as help people learn to avoid many of the risks that do exist.

It remains the case that too many people are at risk of falling out of the labour market - or simply being unable to join it - because they lack the skills needed to fill well-paying jobs. Without approaches to employment support which seek to overcome these challenges - and of course to link people to jobs or other opportunities - any country or region can risk falling behind.

This can be a particularly acute problem for people who are vulnerable for other reasons. Women, people from minority groups, and those in rural areas can be particularly at risk of ending up disadvantaged by globalisation and change. In particular, they can lack of the confidence in using digital tools that would, otherwise, open doors.

Linked to this are failings in access to information, which can accentuate the problems already set out. Too many lack internet connectivity (in particular the sort of connectivity that allows users to write CVs, search for jobs and train), the social and cultural conditions that would allow them to make use of this possibility - not to mention the skills - and the legal right to seek ideas and indeed set up new businesses online.

Providing meaningful access to information for all would make a major contribution to achieving SDG8.

There is an important connection with SDG16, and in particular the focus on access to information in SDG16.10. Meaningful access to information, allows people not only to identify jobs, but also develop the skills and confidence to apply for them successfully. Similarly, they can provide the support to help people access online financial services. Inextricably linked to this are SDGs 9 and 17, which highlight the importance of connectivity and digital skills. Clearly internet access can also open up new possibilities for eCommerce.

It is worth noting that SDG 8 is also closely linked to SDG 4, and indeed, a comprehensive life-long learning strategy can help achieve both.

Adequate support for libraries, in terms of resources, infrastructure and law, can help leverage these links. Libraries provide excellent spaces for meaningful access to information, with an existing reputation, a welcoming atmosphere, and dedicated staff helping users get the best out of online and other resources. They are also, increasingly, providing a platform for broader support to find work and defend rights.

A number of good examples of libraries working with other partners, including education and training institutions, employment agencies, NGOs and others to help people find decent work or entrepreneurship opportunities is available in IFLA's article on the subject: https://www.ifla.org/publications/node/91970.

Particular examples include Lesotho, where a library in Mafetang colocated with government buildings provided a valuable complement to the official employment services. As a quiet space, it gave people the opportunity to take their time over searching and learning. In Romania, projects run by IREX developed materials and services which helped job seekers develop the skills and confidence to find work, building on the fact that libraries were connected to the internet, as well as being familiar spaces. In The Philippines, libraries partnered with NGOs to teach locals about how their own existing skills for repairing and building things could be turned into job opportunities. Meanwhile, in Northern Macedonia, libraries and government agencies developed programmes for women and people with disabilities.

A different, but highly relevant example is Global Online Access to Legal Information, an initiative of the International Labour Organisation, libraries and publishers, to make legal information available to people in developing countries. This promises to help individuals, scholars, unions and businesses do a better job of understanding and enforcing labour rights.

WSM believes there are a a few key strategies to realise decent for all. The most important one is undoubtedly ensuring the ratification and implementation of all ILO standards. The ILO has adopted thoughout its existence around 189 conventions and 205 recommendations. They form the basic rules in the world economy, ensuring decent working conditions for women and men around the world. It is also important to note that the most recent international labour standards developed by the ILO deal also with all those working women and men in the informal economy. Convention 189 and Recommendation 201 tackle the issue of decent work for domestic workers. Recommendation 202 provides guidance for the establishment of social protection floors for all, including informal economy workers. Finally, Recommendation 204 on the transitioning from the informal to the formal economy provides guidance to build comprehensive and integrated policy frameworks to facilitate this transition.

Secondly, we want to explicitly mention the importance of social dialogue and collective bargaining, since they play a crucial role in ensuring decent working conditions, living wages, while also tackling informality. Social dialogue and collective bargaining create ownership, increase accountability, strengthen domestic policies and contribute to the design and implementation of better redistribution policies.

Thirdly, WSM believes it is important to develop binding human rights due diligence regulation.

At national level, more work needs to be done to accompany governments to ratify and implement relevant ILO standards. Often there are misunderstandings about the implications of such ratifications, but these can be resolved with appropriate technical assistance.

Goverments also have to commit to and respect their social partners. In some countries, there is no social dialogue or it is very weak. In some other countries, governments and employers choose whom they want to talk to, in an attempt to avoid the autonomous labour movements.

When it comes to working women and men in the informal economy or non standard forms of employment, more efforts are needed to link their representative organisations with the trade union movement. This could lead to a win-win, if the trade unions and the representative organisations (of informal economy workers and precarious workers) can develop joint positions regarding their labour conditions. It would be up to the trade unions to defend these positions in the existing social dialogue structures.

WSM also pleads to the elaboration of an international legally binding instrument to regulate, in international human rights law, the activities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises. A potential UN Treaty on Business and Human Rights would provide important leverage to fight violations of human and trade union rights in global supply chains. It would also set minimum standards in terms of human rights due diligence.

There are several links between SDG8 and other SDG's such as SDG1, 3, 5 and 10 in terms of social protection policies. The link between SDG8 and 16 is about the important role of trade unions and civil society in defending the interests of working women and men and foster inclusive dialogue and institutions.
Finally SDG8 is also related to SDG12 - decent work is an important link in rendering our production chains more sustainable.

A number of interesting examples of multi-stakeholder engagement exist, especially in the field of making supply chains more sustainable and decent work friendly. WSM and the Clean Clothes Campaign work with the Fair Wear Foundation in the Netherlands. In the Netherlands, several Covenants have been negotiated as well between government, employers, trade unions and civil society defining the minimum requirements which companies have to uphold in their corporate operations worldwide. The key idea is that they have to undertake a process of human rights due diligence across their operations to identify risks, to avoid them where possible and to mitigate their impact when they occur and prvide effective remedy to those affected.

WSM believes that the international community needs to develop binding standards on human rights due diligence for all companies, as part of the UN Binding Treaty on Business and Human Rights. It would create a level playing field for all.

ICOMOS Intl Cultural Tourism Committee

Non-Governmental Organizations

As the Goal is very broad in its application, my organization's focus in on Target 8.9, and how to best focus on policies that do actually support the development and sustainability of tourism that resonates locally and generates a wide range of benefits. The most effective way to inculcate this is to apply a destination development and management approach that takes into account a) the expectations of the different stakeholders involved, including visitors b) better defining and promoting the experiences that visitors can be exposed to and take part in c) the equity or role that each group has and the investment necessary to support them, and how they may benefit or suffer from tourism development d) the ways and means by which revenues can be extracted from visitors, be it through events, souvenirs, transport, accommodation, taxes, etc. and e) evaluating the success of these different measures to determine where the gaps or limitations are, and how these can be addressed and improve to increase the benefits from, and sustainability of tourism development.

For countries that are in the process of developing tourism, the challenge is in understanding what the expectations of different stakeholder groups and visitors, and the types of experiences that will draw them to a place, and continue to bring visitors for the longer term. The biggest challenge tends to be human resources related, as tourism can be a multi-dimensional industry, and there is a need for skilled, trained staff who can deal with everything from customer services at hotels, restaurants, cultural and natural sites to destination managers and marketers. Transport issues can include road, sea and air access, which can further be hampered by visa limitations and costs for visitors. There is also the question of sufficient infrastructure as well, such as roads, ports airports and amenities like hotels, meeting spaces, museums, etc.

There are other tourism related Targets such as 12b which deals with the evaluation and monitoring of sustainable tourism, and 14., which looks at increasing the economic benefits of marine resources through tourism, among other aspects. It can be implied through Target 11.4 "Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage," that tourism can represent a significant form of revenue generation and awareness raising to support this target. Overall, the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) argues that tourism development supports all 17 goals through its significance of representing 10% of the world's Gross Domestic Product, and being the world's largest employer (across interrelated industries and governance). Hence, by taking that approach, the different economic, environmental, social and cultural factors can support tourism's sustainability from a national to a local, community-based level.

Within the Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage site in Canada, there are a range of stakeholders that have to work together, including: the federal Parks Canada agency; provincial transportation, employment and environmental authorities; local tourism industry and marketing associations; local communities; indigenous groups; and NGOs that have a range of conservation and recreation interests. By working together and engaging in regular consultations related to the different parks within the site, there are opportunities to better manage growth; gain a better sense where more training, amenities, infrastructure improvements and investment is required; and instill useful regulations and bylaws, to create a well regarded, world-class destination.

The current indicators are not really effective measures of sustainability and should be changed.