| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | BRAND (by TDS) * unverified data | Type of source | Origin | Height m.a.s.l. | TDS / 180 °C fixed residue | Electrical Conductivity | pH | Free carbon dioxide | CALCIUM | MAGNESIUM | SODIUM | POTASSIUM | SULFATE | CHLORIDE | BICARBONATE | SILICA | NITRATE | NOTES FOR TEA BREWING | |
2 | region or state | m | mg/L | µS/cm | 0–14 | CO₂ | Ca⁺⁺ | Mg⁺⁺ | Na⁺ | K⁺ | SO₄⁻⁻ | Cl⁻ | HCO₃⁻ | Si(OH)₄ | NO₃⁻ | ||||
3 | ITALY 🇮🇹 | ||||||||||||||||||
4 | Lauretana | spring | Piemonte | 1050 | 14.0 | 15.2 | 6.0 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 5.2 | 4.1 | Hard edges and "gappy", similarities with purified water, Not bad, but also not really balanced [SJT] | ||
5 | Monte Rosa (Graglia) | Piemonte | 1050 | 16.8 | 19.1 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 5.5 | 5.3 | ||||
6 | Sant'Anna (Rebruant) / Blues [Eurospin] | glacial | Piemonte | 1950 | 22.0 | 25.5 | 6.8 | 2.0 | 3.3 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 3.7 | 0.2 | 11.0 | 6.0 | Almost unbeatable balance between an excellent extraction of volatile compounds, a reliable extraction of taste, a decent mouthfeel, a long finish, and an exceptional persistence [SJT] | ||
7 | Plose | Trentino-Alto Adige | 1870 | 22.0 | 27.0 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 3.1 | <0.40 | 15.0 | 6.5 | ||||
8 | Sparea | Piemonte | 23.8 | 32.2 | 7.1 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 4.0 | 0.6 | |||||||
9 | Monviso (Fucine) | Piemonte | 900 | 24.2 | 31.2 | 6.9 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 3.2 | 0.2 | Very balanced but not very extractive [SJT] | ||||||
10 | Montoso (Martina) [PAM] | Piemonte | 24.7 | 30.0 | 7.4 | 1.0 | 3.7 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 3.6 | 0.2 | 6.9 | ||||||
11 | Columbus Mugniva | Piemonte | 25.0 | 23.8 | 7.0 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 6.0 | 9.4 | ||||||
12 | Sorgente Alba (Valli del Pasubio) | Veneto | 550 | 27.0 | 50.0 | 6.7 | 4.6 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 6.4 | 0.8 | 18.0 | 7.9 | Excellent water, especially for tannin-rich teas. Good balance between taste extraction and mouthfeel [SJT] | ||||
13 | Amorosa | Toscana | 500 | 29.0 | 44.0 | 5.5 | 19.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 5.4 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 8.6 | 6.0 | 3.4 | ||||
14 | San Bernardo (Rocciaviva) | Piemonte | 1300 | 34.5 | 48.0 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 9.1 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 27.9 | 4.2 | Too bitter [SJT] | |||
15 | Lurisia (Santa Barbara) | Piemonte | 1460 | 30.5 | 29.8 | 7.0 | 5.3 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 18.0 | 14.4 | Interesting water for tea. It extracts a slightly "oily", smooth body [SJT] | ||||||
16 | Pura di Roccia | Piemonte | 36.7 | 60.0 | 6.9 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 25.0 | 5.0 | Useful to mix for making lighter waters more extractive (for example Sant'Anna) [SJT] | ||||
17 | Pian della Mussa (Sauzé) | Piemonte | 1500 | 37.0 | 55.0 | 7.4 | 1.5 | 4.9 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 24.0 | Really terrible. Too much magnesium, untamed by the other ions [SJT] | ||||||
18 | Valle Stura * | Piemonte | 37.8 | 54.5 | 7.2 | 9.0 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 5.7 | 28.0 | |||||||||
19 | Levico (Casara. Pozzo1. Sgrizzole) | Trentino-Alto Adige | 1660 | 38.0 | 49.0 | 6.5 | 9.0 | 7.1 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 11.5 | 1.1 | 14.4 | 5.5 | Almost ideal for taste extraction, but lacking in body and volatile compounds [SJT] | |||
20 | Valverde (Monte Rosa) | Piemonte | 703 | 38.8 | 46.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 2.2 | 3.8 | 11.0 | 15.5 | High silica contents. Not really transparent, but the experience is worth having [SJT] | |||
21 | Etrusca | Liguria | 1100 | 38.8 | 50.0 | 7.2 | 4.5 | 0.9 | 4.1 | 0.7 | 4.7 | 2.7 | 17.0 | 10.3 | High in sodium, but still probably one of the most interesting Italian waters for tea [SJT] | ||||
22 | Meraner | Trentino-Alto Adige | 40.0 | 41.0 | 6.4 | 12.0 | 4.1 | 0.8 | 3.7 | 0.9 | 17.0 | ||||||||
23 | Surgiva | Trentino | 1134 | 41.0 | 45.0 | 6.8 | 1.4 | 7.9 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 2.9 | 0.3 | 24.0 | 9.6 | ||||
24 | Valmora (Rorà) | Piemonte | 1300 | 45.9 | 63.0 | 6.2 | 3.0 | 9.5 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 37.0 | Perhaps a little hard, but it is useful to cut other waters that would benefit from it [SJT] | ||||
25 | Alisea (Leonardo) | Lombardia | 46.0 | 65.0 | 7.9 | 0.9 | 8.2 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 36.6 | 7.1 | |||||
26 | Eva (Rocce Azzurre) | glacial | Piemonte | 2042 | 48.0 | 76.0 | 7.6 | 3.8 | 10.2 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 52.0 | 2.5 | |||
27 | Norda (Ducale Tarsogno) | Emilia-Romagna | 51.0 | 82.0 | 8.0 | 1.1 | 12.5 | 1.3 | 3.0 | 0.4 | 5.2 | 2.8 | 40.0 | 4.5 | |||||
28 | Reale di Tornolo | Emilia-Romagna | 56.0 | 88.0 | 8.3 | <10.0 | 12.3 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 0.5 | 5.7 | 3.7 | 42.7 | 6.9 | |||||
29 | Goccia Di Carnia (Fleons) | Friuli | 1370 | 59.0 | 119.0 | 8.3 | 0.7 | 19.4 | 3.8 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 77.7 | Interesting water with a "basic" Ca + Mg + HCO₃ profile [SJT] | ||||
30 | Mangiatorella * | Calabria | 1200 | 66.5 | 94.0 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 1.4 | 9.8 | 0.8 | 4.5 | 12.0 | 26.5 | ||||||
31 | Serricella * | Calabria | 1000 | 70.0 | 96.0 | 6.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 9.0 | 0.6 | 10.5 | 14.2 | 39.7 | ||||||
32 | Levissima | glacial | Lombardia | 1848 | 80.0 | 119.0 | 7.8 | 2.5 | 20.4 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 16.1 | 0.30* | 57.4 | 5.4 | |||
33 | Fabrizia * | Calabria | 1000 | 78.0 | 123.0 | 6.6 | 7.6 | 4.8 | 9.0 | 0.8 | 8.4 | 14.2 | 30.5 | ||||||
34 | Fonte di Napoleone | Toscana | 96.0 | 154.0 | 5.6 | 42.0 | 6.8 | 2.9 | 19.1 | 1.0 | 4.9 | 39.0 | 15.6 | 13.1 | |||||
35 | Maniva | Lombardia | 98.0 | 147.0 | 8.0 | 1.8 | 25.0 | 4.2 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 7.5 | 3.0 | 88.0 | ||||||
36 | Lilia (Primaluna) | Lombardia | 110.0 | 162.0 | 7.7 | 5.4 | 19.5 | 7.6 | 3.4 | 1.2 | 83.0 | ||||||||
37 | Dolomia | Friuli | 118.0 | 193.0 | 8.0 | 3.6 | 24.6 | 14.3 | <0.1 | 0.0 | 2.0 | <2.0 | 140.0 | ||||||
38 | Siete Fuentes (San Leonardo) | Sardegna | 124.0 | 157.2 | 6.8 | 13.7 | 7.2 | 5.4 | 20.7 | 2.2 | 4.5 | 33.6 | 36.2 | 25.2 | |||||
39 | Monte Cimone | Emilia-Romagna | 130.0 | 190.0 | 7.5 | 3.3 | 34.1 | 5.1 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 9.2 | 2.5 | 120.2 | ||||||
40 | Cedea | spring | Trentino-Alto Adige | 130.0 | 8.1 | 30.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | <1 | 17.0 | <1 | 111.0 | 11.0 | ||||||
41 | S. Francesco (Casalino al Piano) | Piemonte | 134.9 | 200.0 | 7.6 | 6.0 | 33.4 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 140.0 | 13.3 | ||||||
42 | San Benedetto (Primavera delle alpi) | Piemonte | 144.2 | 196.0 | 7.8 | 2.0 | 26.0 | 11.2 | 3.9 | 0.8 | 9.6 | 7.1 | 110.0 | 20.0 | |||||
43 | Fiuggi | Lazio | 590 | 142.0 | 207.0 | 7.2 | 10.0 | 23.0 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 8.8 | 2.0 | 8.1 | 110.0 | 33.0 | High silica contents and interesting profile. Unfortunately sulfate is low [SJT] | |||
44 | Norda (Acquachiara) | Veneto | 1793 | 146.0 | 240.0 | 8.1 | 3.0 | 29.2 | 17.1 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 8.1 | 0.8 | 165.0 | 5.1 | ||||
45 | Lizera | Sardegna | 224.0 | 421.0 | 7.1 | 20.7 | 24.0 | 9.6 | 41.8 | 2.5 | 12.8 | 65.6 | 109.0 | 6.6 | |||||
46 | Smeraldina | Sardegna | 650 | 142.8 | 237.0 | 6.8 | 26.8 | 8.6 | 6.8 | 25.5 | 1.6 | 10.2 | 30.5 | 15.4 | |||||
47 | Pradis | Friuli-Venezia Giulia | 148.0 | 252.0 | 8.2 | 2.5 | 32.5 | 17.6 | 0.6 | <2.0 | |||||||||
48 | Lora Recoaro | Veneto | 880 | 154.0 | 245.0 | 8.0 | 3.5 | 34.0 | 14.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 153.0 | 1.7 | |||||
49 | Santa Vittoria | spring | Veneto | 169.0 | 8.0 | 36.2 | 18.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 20.0 | 0.9 | 189.0 | 5.0 | ||||||
50 | Rocchetta Brio Blu | spring | Umbria | 312 | 174.1 | 276.3 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 57.4 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 0.4 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 182.1 | 4.2 | |||
51 | Acqua Nuda (Fontelaura) | Lombardia | 215.0 | 350.0 | 7.6 | 11.0 | 43.2 | 23.6 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 7.3 | 1.5 | 238.0 | 5.9 | |||||
52 | Filette | Lazio | 900 | 224.0 | 7.8 | 82.0 | 2.9 | 0.1 | 4.0 | 247.0 | |||||||||
53 | San Benedetto (Parco del Pollino) | Basilicata | 225.0 | 322.0 | 7.7 | 41.6 | 51.1 | 12.1 | 3.3 | 0.6 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 225.0 | 3.8 | |||||
54 | Guizza | Veneto | 20 | 266.0 | 419.0 | 7.6 | 10.0 | 47.1 | 28.5 | 6.2 | 1.0 | 4.1 | 2.6 | 309.0 | 17.9 | ||||
55 | San Benedetto (Benedicta) | Veneto | 15 | 271.0 | 428.0 | 7.6 | <10.00 | 51.1 | 29.9 | 6.3 | 1.0 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 283.0 | 15.7 | ||||
56 | San Giorgio | Sardegna | 305.0 | 569.0 | 6.6 | 109.0 | 26.1 | 21.9 | 53.0 | 1.9 | 66.8 | 181.6 | 14.7 | Very interesting experience. The water is selectively muting but still it manages to reveal the character of tea. Umami notes and body are very intense [SJT] | |||||
57 | Natia | Campania | 350 | 315.0 | 390.0 | 6.4 | 220.0 | 40.0 | 5.0 | 29.0 | 29.0 | 4.0 | 16.0 | 232.0 | 88.0 | ||||
58 | San Benedetto (Primavera) | Abruzzo | 317.0 | 499.0 | 7.3 | 10.0 | 87.6 | 18.6 | 3.8 | 1.0 | 23.6 | 6.4 | 329.0 | 8.4 | |||||
59 | Boschetta / Quercetta | Sardegna | 379.0 | 611.0 | 7.1 | 45.8 | 57.2 | 17.1 | 56.1 | 2.8 | 65.1 | 252.6 | 26.5 | ||||||
60 | Solé | spring | Lombardia | 393.0 | 7.2 | 114.0 | 26.4 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 11.9 | 4.4 | 437.0 | 6.3 | ||||||
61 | Vitas [Danone Vitasnella] | Lombardia | 217 | 396.0 | 570.0 | 7.4 | 28.0 | 85.0 | 34.0 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 85.0 | 315.0 | ||||||
62 | Galvanina | spring | Emilia-Romagna | 475.0 | 7.1 | 51.7 | 113.0 | 20.0 | 33.0 | 1.0 | 89.0 | 33.0 | 365.0 | 12.0 | |||||
63 | Uliveto | Toscana | 12 | 745.0 | 1,104.0 | 5.8 | 1,485.0 | 173.0 | 25.0 | 67.0 | 7.3 | 100.0 | 80.0 | 570.0 | 8.9 | ||||
64 | San Pellegrino | Lombardia | 358 | 854.0 | 1,078.0 | 7.8 | 164.0 | 49.5 | 31.2 | 2.2 | 402.0 | 49.4 | 243.0 | 7.1 | |||||
65 | Lete | Campania | 300 | 900.0 | 1,280.0 | 6.2 | 1,960.0 | 325.0 | 14.2 | 5.1 | 1.9 | 10.8 | 1,060.0 | 12.5 | |||||
66 | Sangemini | Umbria | 380 | 932.0 | 1,365.0 | 6.2 | 870.0 | 326.0 | 15.4 | 19.5 | 3.4 | 69.3 | 17.3 | 1,155.0 | 33.5 | ||||
67 | Santa Lucia | Sardegna | 1,379.8 | 1,843.0 | 6.5 | 1,434.4 | 70.0 | 295.0 | 1,345.5 | 18.4 | |||||||||
68 | Ferrarelle | Campania | 350 | 1,390.0 | 1,830.0 | 6.1 | 2,450.0 | 400.0 | 24.0 | 50.0 | 46.0 | 5.0 | 18.0 | 1,480.0 | 85.0 | ||||
69 | Boario (Essenziale) | Lombardia | 217 | 2,520.0 | 2,210.0 | 7.0 | 45.0 | 618.0 | 82.0 | 9.0 | 1,604.0 | 292.0 | |||||||
70 | San Martino | Sardegna | 3,098.0 | 3,594.0 | 6.7 | 999.0 | 211.0 | 66.0 | 99.0 | 2,461.0 | |||||||||
71 | PORTUGAL 🇵🇹 | ||||||||||||||||||
72 | Alardo | spring | Castelo Branco | 28.4 | 6.0 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 6.0 | 13.4 | 2.0 | |||||||
73 | Caldas de Penacova | Coimbra | 32.0 | 5.2 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 5.6 | 1.4 | 9.6 | 2.9 | 9.0 | 1.9 | |||||||
74 | Fastio | Braga | 34.0 | 6.0 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 4.2 | 8.0 | 9.6 | ||||||||
75 | Serra da Estrela | spring | Guarda | 1200 | 39.0 | 5.8–7.0 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 16.5 | 17.0 | ||||||||
76 | Luso | spring | Aveiro | 180 | 43.0 | 5.8 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 7.2 | 1.5 | 9.4 | 12.0 | 14.0 | 1.6 | Outstanding water, with a very peculiar extraction. Brews are even more enjoyable when using lower temperatures, as you lose less CO2 [SJT] | ||||
77 | Vitalis | 46.0 | 5.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 6.6 | 2.1 | 8.2 | 5.0 | 17.0 | 2.2 | ||||||||
78 | Caramulo | 86.0 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 11.3 | 5.2 | 26.6 | 28.0 | |||||||||||
79 | Amanhecer [Cruzeiro 2] | spring | 196.0 | 6.9 | 11.1 | ||||||||||||||
80 | Magnificat | artesian | Azores | 241.0 | 5.1 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 23.0 | 8.0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | 86.0 | 85.0 | ||||||
81 | Pedras | spring | Vila Real | 2,807.0 | 6.1 | 102.0 | 24.0 | 577.0 | 29.0 | 6.0 | 30.0 | 1,983.0 | 62.0 | ||||||
82 | Vidago | spring | 2,853.0 | 82.0 | 15.0 | 619.0 | 47.0 | 3.3 | 32.0 | 1,995.0 | |||||||||
83 | SPAIN 🇪🇸 | ||||||||||||||||||
84 | Bezoya Trescasas | Segovia | 28.0 | 5.3 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 21.0 | 9.2 | ||||||||||
85 | Bezoya Ortigosa del Monte | Segovia | 28.0 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 7.0 | 11.0 | ||||||||||
86 | Caldes de Boí | Lérida | 1500 | 105.0 | 5.4 | 0.5 | 21.7 | 13.2 | 14.4 | 34.6 | 22.0 | ||||||||
87 | Font d’Or | Catalonia | 1000 | 128.0 | 26.4 | 3.2 | 9.2 | 13.7 | 8.6 | 78.8 | 13.9 | ||||||||
88 | Pineo | artesian | Catalonia | 223.0 | 7.9 | 79.0 | 3.7 | 0.9 | <1 | 7.9 | 1.9 | 248.0 | 5.1 | ||||||
89 | Solán de Cabras | spring | Castilla–La Mancha | 950 | 260.0 | 59.4 | 25.6 | 5.1 | 1.1 | 21.3 | 7.4 | 284.0 | 7.0 | ||||||
90 | Sant Aniol | spring | Catalonia | 323.0 | 7.4 | 91.3 | 17.5 | 6.4 | 1.7 | 15.2 | 5.4 | 349.0 | 12.8 | ||||||
91 | 22 Artesian | artesian | La Rioja | 663.0 | 7.6 | 142.2 | 32.2 | 13.0 | 1.2 | 288.0 | 12.9 | 224.0 | 29.0 | ||||||
92 | GERMANY 🇩🇪 | ||||||||||||||||||
93 | Black Forest | Baden-Württemberg | 25.0 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 0.8 | 30.5 | Decent option for tannin-rich teas, but sulfates cannot keep up with Ca, and HCO3 pushes tactile sensations even further, at the expense of transparency and volatile compounds [SJT] | |||||||
94 | Radius 99 | artesian | Hesse | 170.0 | 7.4 | 33.5 | 7.4 | 10.1 | 19.0 | 32.0 | 82.0 | 14.8 | |||||||
95 | Vio Still (Lüner Quelle) | 262,3 | 51.0 | 5.3 | 15.0 | 0.0 | 19.0 | 20.0 | 152.0 | ||||||||||
96 | ja! Still (Felsquelle) | 333.0 | 8.0 | 2.0 | 93.0 | 1.0 | 43.0 | 77.0 | 109.0 | ||||||||||
97 | ja! Still (Harzquell-Quelle) | 387.0 | 70.6 | 13.5 | 18.2 | 1.2 | 65.4 | 31.9 | 187.0 | ||||||||||
98 | Gerolsteiner Naturell | artesian | Rheinland-Pfalz | 807.0 | 5.9 | 125.0 | 44.0 | 17.0 | 5.0 | 24.0 | 9.0 | 577.0 | |||||||
99 | Bad Liebenwerda Naturell | Berlin-Brandenburg | 16.2 | 3.1 | 6.8 | 1.5 | 55.0 | 5.2 | 8.0 | < 1.0 | |||||||||
100 | Spreequell Naturell (Bad Liebenwerda) | Berlin-Brandenburg | 17.0 | 3.3 | 6.2 | 1.7 | 56.9 | 5.1 | 13.2 |