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IndexReferenceNon-conditional uses of εἰ and ἐὰνGreek Protasis (p)Greek Apodosis (q)ClassInv.ProbabilityTime OrientationIllocutionary ForceEnglish TranslationsNotesParallel passages
2
1Matt 5:13bq: (it is no longer good for anything)
p: (except to be thrown out and trampled under people's feet)
εἰ μὴ βληθὲν ἔξω καταπατεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπωνεἰς οὐδὲν ἰσχύει ἔτι1xESV, NASB, NIV: "except"
NRSV: "It is no longer good for anything, but is thrown out and trampled under foot."
NLT similar to NRSV but exceptive clause is lost
Greek: ει μη 'except'
3
2Matt 5:19NLT:
p: (if you ignore the least commandment
and teach others to do the same)
q: (you will be called least in the Kingdom of Heaven)
ὃς ἐὰν οὖν λύσῃ μίαν τῶν ἐντολῶν τούτων τῶν ἐλαχίστων καὶ διδάξῃ οὕτως τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐλάχιστος κληθήσεται ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶνESV, NASB, NRSV: "whoever..."
NIV: "anyone who"
NLT: "if you"
Greek: ος εαν 'whoever'
This verse (and also Mat 12:32; 16:25; 18:5-6; 20:26-27) compares two different kinds of people. The first kind of person is referred to with the relative pronoun ος and εαν, while the second type of person is referred to with the relative pronoun ος and αν; both mean "whoever". (Parallel passages in Mark's gospel use αν in both clauses.) It is possible in English to treat this as a true conditional and translate "if anyone" or to personalize it, as in the NLT: "if you".
4
3Matt 5:32p: (whoever marries a divorced woman)
q: (commits adultery)
καὶ ὃς ἐὰν ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσῃ, μοιχᾶται.ESV, NASB, NRSV: "whoever"
NIV, NLT: "anyone who"
Greek: ος εαν 'whoever'
5
4Matt 7:12p: (so whatever you wish that others would do to you)
q: (do also to them)
Πάντα οὖν ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵνα ποιῶσιν ὑμῖν οἱ ἄνθρωποι, οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς ποιεῖτε αὐτοῖς·ESV: "whatever"
NASB: "in everything...treat people the same way..."
NRSV: "In everything do to others as you would have them do to you"
NIV: similar to NRSV
NLT: p and q inverted, "whatever"
Greek: ὅσα ἐὰν. Here ἐὰν is used to mean "whatever." This word is often used in a non-conditional sense to heighten indefiniteness of the expression.
6
5Matt 8:19q: ("Teacher, I will follow you)
p: (wherever you go")
ὅπου ἐὰν ἀπέρχῃ.Διδάσκαλε, ἀκολουθήσω σοι ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "wherever"Greek: ὅπου ἐὰν. This phrase is translated together as 'wherever'. (See also Mat 26:13.)Luke 9:57
7
6Matt 11:6q: (And blessed is the one)
p: (who is not offended by me)
ἐὰν μὴ σκανδαλισθῇ ἐν ἐμοί.καὶ μακάριός ἐστιν ὃςxESV: "the one who"
NASB: "he *who" with textual note at *
lit. whoever
NRSV, NIV: "anyone who"
NLT: "those who"
Greek: ος εαν 'whoever'
8
7Matt 11:27aq: (and no one knows the Son)
p: (except the Father)
εἰ μὴ ὁ πατήρκαὶ οὐδεὶς ἐπιγινώσκει τὸν υἱὸν 1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
9
8Matt 11:27bq: (and no one knows the Father)
p: (except the Son)
εἰ μὴ ὁ υἱὸςοὐδὲ τὸν πατέρα τις ἐπιγινώσκει 1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
10
9Matt 11:27cand to anyone to whom the Son chooses to reveal himκαὶ ᾧ ἐὰν βούληται ὁ υἱὸς ἀποκαλύψαι.xESV, NASB, NRSV: "anyone to whom"
NIV, NLT: "those to whom"
Greek: ᾧ ἐὰν
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10Matt 12:4q: (how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him)
p: (but only for the priests)
εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν μόνοις;πῶς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγον, ὃ οὐκ ἐξὸν ἦν αὐτῷ φαγεῖν οὐδὲ τοῖς μετʼ αὐτοῦ xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "but only"
NLT: untranslated ("that only")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except', 'only'Luke 6:4
12
11Matt 12:10And they asked him "Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?"καὶ ἐπηρώτησαν αὐτὸν λέγοντες, Εἰ ἔξεστιν τοῖς σάββασιν θεραπεῦσαι;ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: use direct quotation and do not translate the particleElliot lists this verse as a prime example of introducing direct speech, ει serving as an equivalent of quotation marks in English.
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12Matt 12:24Our own translation, in order to reflect the Greek structure:
q: (This one does not cast out demons)
p: (except by Beelzebul, ruler of demons)
εἰ μὴ ἐν τῷ Βεελζεβοὺλ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων.Οὗτος οὐκ ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: untranslated ("only by Beelzebul...")Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except', 'only'
14
13Matt 12:32p: (and whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man)
q: (will be forgiven)
καὶ ὃς ἐὰν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ·ESV, NASB, NRSV: "whoever"
NIV, NLT: "anyone who..."
Greek: ος εαν "whoever"
See note on 5:19.
Mark 3:29; Luke 12:10
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14Matt 12:39q: (but no sign will be given to it)
p: (except the sign of the prophet Jonah)
εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ τοῦ προφήτου.καὶ σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ1xESV, NRSV, NIV: "except"
NASB: "but"
NLT: "but the only"
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
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15Matt 13:57q: (a prophet is not without honour)
p: (except in his hometown and in his own household)
εἰ μὴ ἐν τῇ πατρίδι καὶ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ.Οὐκ ἔστιν προφήτης ἄτιμος 1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
17
16Matt 14:7so he promised with an oath to give her whatever she might askὅθεν μεθʼ ὅρκου ὡμολόγησεν αὐτῇ δοῦναι ὃ ἐὰν αἰτήσηται.xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "whatever"
NLT: "anything"
Greek: ὃ ἐὰν
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17Matt 14:17we have only five loaves here and two fishΟὐκ ἔχομεν ὧδε εἰ μὴ πέντε ἄρτους καὶ δύο ἰχθύας.1xNASB, NIV, NLT, all similar to ESV: "We have here only..."
NRSV: "We have nothing here but..."
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
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18Matt 15:5But you say "If anyone tells his father or his mother 'What you would have gained from me is given to God' he need not honour his father"ὑμεῖς δὲ λέγετε, Ὃς ἂν εἴπῃ τῷ πατρὶ ἢ τῇ μητρί, Δῶρον ὃ ἐὰν ἐξ ἐμοῦ ὠφεληθῇς,ESV, NIV, NLT: "what"
NASB, NRSV: "whatever"
Greek: ὃ ἐὰν
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19Matt 15:24I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of IsraelΟὐκ ἀπεστάλην εἰ μὴ εἰς τὰ πρόβατα τὰ ἀπολωλότα οἴκου Ἰσραήλ.1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: untranslated ("only")Greek: εἰ μὴ
21
20Matt 16:19ap: (whatever you bind on earth)
q: (shall be bound in heaven)
καὶ ὃ ἐὰν δήσῃς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἔσται δεδεμένον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖςESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whatever"Greek: ὃ ἐὰν
22
21Matt 16:19bp: (and whatever you loose on earth)
q: (shall be loosed in heaven)
καὶ ὃ ἐὰν λύσῃς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆςἔσται λελυμένον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς.ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whatever"Greek: ὃ ἐὰν
23
22Matt 16:25p: (for whoever would save his life)
q: (will lose it)
ὃς γὰρ ἐὰν θέλῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ σῶσαι ἀπολέσει αὐτήν·ESV, NASB, NIV: "whoever"
NRSV: "those who"
NLT: "if you"
Greek: ος εαν "whoever"
See note on 5:19.
Mark 8:35; Luke 9:24
24
23Matt 17:8q: (they saw no one)
p: (but Jesus only)
εἰ μὴ αὐτὸν Ἰησοῦν μόνον.οὐδένα εἶδον 1xESV: "no one but Jesus only"
NASB, NRSV, NIV: "no one except Jesus (HImself alone)"
NLT: untranslated ("only")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'Mark 9:8; Luke 9:36
25
24Matt 18:5p: (Whoever receives one such child in my name)
q: (receives me)
καὶ ὃς ἐὰν δέξηται ἓν παιδίον τοιοῦτο ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου, ἐμὲ δέχεται.3ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "whoever"
NLT: "anyone who"
Greek: ος εαν "whoever"
See note on 5:19.
Mark 9:37; Luke 9:48
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25Matt 18:18ap: (whatever you bind on earth)
q: (shall be bound in heaven)
ὅσα ἐὰν δήσητε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆςἔσται δεδεμένα ἐν οὐρανῷESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whatever"Greek: ὃ ἐὰν
27
26Matt 18:18bp: (and whatever you loose on earth)
q: (shall be loosed in heaven)
ὅσα ἐὰν δήσητε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ὅσα ἐὰν λύσητε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἔσται λελυμένα ἐν οὐρανῷESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whatever"Greek: ὃ ἐὰν
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27Matt 18:19b...anything they askἐὰν αἰτήσωνταιESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "anything"οὗ ἐὰν "whatever", "anything"
29
28Matt 18:28q: (repay)
p: (what you owe)
εἴ τι ὀφείλειςἈπόδος1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "what"
NLT: untranslated (reported speech is paraphrased)
Greek: εἴ τι 'if anything' or 'whatever'
30
29Matt 19:3"Is it lawful to divorce one's wife for any cause?"Εἰ ἔξεστιν ἀνθρώπῳ ἀπολῦσαι τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ κατὰ πᾶσαν αἰτίαν;ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: untranslated (direct quotations used)This usage of εἰ is not conditional but is the marker of a Yes/No question in indirect speech, much like the English usage of "if" meaning "whether."Mark 10:2
31
30Matt 20:4p: (and whatever is right)
q: (I will give to you)
ἐὰν ᾖ δίκαιονδώσω ὑμῖνESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whatever"Greek: ὃ ἐὰν
32
31Matt 20:26p: (but whoever would be great among you)
q: (must be your servant)
ὃς ἐὰν θέλῃ ἐν ὑμῖν μέγαςγενέσθαι ἔσται ὑμῶν διάκονοςESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whoever"Greek: ος εαν "whoever"
See note on 5:19.
Mark 10:43
33
32Matt 21:19q: (and found nothing on it)
p: (but only leaves)
εἰ μὴ φύλλα μόνονοὐδὲν εὗρεν ἐν αὐτῇ1ESV, NRSV, NLT: "but (only)"
NASB, NIV: "except"
Greek: ει μη; see note at 12:39.Mark 11:13
34
33Matt 22:9Go therefore to the main roads and invite to the wedding feast as many as you findπορεύεσθε οὖν ἐπὶ τὰς διεξόδους τῶν ὁδῶν καὶ ὅσους ἐὰν εὕρητε καλέσατε εἰς τοὺς γάμους.ESV, NASB: "as many as"
NRSV, NLT: "everyone"
NIV: "anyone"
Osbourne notes that the Greek here, ὅσους ἐὰν is an idiom for "any person whosoever"
35
34Matt 23:3q: (so do and observe)
p: (whatever they tell you)
πάντα οὖν ὅσα ἐὰν εἴπωσιν ὑμῖνποιήσατε καὶ τηρεῖτεESV, NRSV, NLT: "whatever"
NASB: "all"
NIV: "everything"
Greek: πάντα ὅσα ἐὰν
As noted on 22:9, Osbourne takes this phrase as an idiomatic expression. He says this "stong 'everything' seems to mean 'every' area of life."
36
35Matt 24:24p: (if possible)
q: (to lead astray the elect)
εἰ δυνατόνπλανῆσαι...καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "if possible"See "if possible" constructions. A possible paraphrase is: "If it were possible to deceive the elect, they would do signs and wonders in order to deceive them."Mark 13:22
37
36Matt 24:28p: (wherever the corpse is)
q: (there the vultures will gather)
ὅπου ἐὰν ᾖ τὸ πτῶμαἐκεῖ συναχθήσονται οἱ ἀετοίESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "wherever"
NLT: untranslated/"nearby"
38
37Matt 24:36q: (but concerning that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son)
p: (but the Father only)
Περὶ δὲ τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης καὶ ὥρας οὐδεὶς οἶδεν, οὐδὲ οἱ ἄγγελοι τῶν οὐρανῶν οὐδὲ ὁ υἱόςεἰ μὴ ὁ πατὴρ μόνος1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "but (only/alone)"
NLT: untranslated ("only")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
39
38Matt 26:13p: (wherever this gospel is proclaimed in the whole world)
q: (what she has done will also be told in memory of her)
ὅπου ἐὰν κηρυχθῇ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦτο ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κόσμῳλαληθήσεται καὶ ὃ ἐποίησεν αὕτη εἰς μνημόσυνον αὐτῆςESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "wherever"Greek: ὅπου ἐὰν. This phrase is translated together as "wherever". (See also Mat 8:19.)
40
39Matt 26:39p: (if it be possible)
q: (let this cup pass from me)
εἰ δυνατόν ἐστιν,
παρελθάτω ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ τὸ ποτήριον τοῦτο·
1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "if...possible"It seems unlikely that Jesus would have prayed in such a way if he didn't believe there was some possibility - even a very unlikely possibility - that God could take the cup of suffering from him. Alternatively, this could be a politeness strategy. Translator's Notes points out that Jesus is not asking about whether or not it is possible for God (because all things are possible for God) but rather Jesus is requesting God change his plans.
See "if possible" constructions.
Mark 14:35-36; Luke 22:42 ("if you are willing")
41
40Matt 26:63q: (tell us)
p: (if you are the Christ, the Son of God)
εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦἡμῖν εἴπῃςxESV, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "if"
NASB: "whether"
42
41Matt 27:49q: (let us see)
p: (whether Elijah will come to save him)
εἰ ἔρχεται Ἠλίας σώσων αὐτόνἌφες ἴδωμενxESV, NASB, NRSV, NLT: "whether"
NIV: "if"
This non-conditional functions as a complementizer.Mark 15:36
43
42Mark 2:7q: (who can forgive sins)
p: (but God alone?)
εἰ μὴ εἷς ὁ θεόςτίς δύναται ἀφιέναι ἁμαρτίας1xESV, NRSV, NIV: "but God alone"
NASB "*but God alone" with textual note at *lit.
if not one, God
NLT: untranslated ("only God")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'. Same wording as Mark 10:18.Luke 5:21
44
43Mark 2:26q: (which it is not lawful)
p: (for any but the priests to eat)
φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἱερεῖςοὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν1ESV, NRSV: "any but the priests"
NASB: "except the priests"
NIV, NLT: untranslated ("only [for] the priests")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
45
44Mark 3:2And they watched Jesus to see whether he would heal him on the Sabbath, so that they might accuse him.καὶ παρετήρουν αὐτὸν εἰ τοῖς σάββασιν θεραπεύσει αὐτόν, ἵνα κατηγορήσωσιν αὐτοῦ1ESV, NRSV: "whether"
NASB, NIV, NLT: "if"
This is non-conditional because the εἰ clause is subordinate to the preceding clause and specifies what they were watching for; εἰ functions as a complementizer. BDAG supports this by citing this verse under the definition 5bα of εἰ, which is a marker of an indirect question (278).
46
45Mark 3:28q: (all sins will be forgiven the children of man)
p: (and whatever blasphemies they utter)
ὅσα ἐὰν βλασφημήσωσιν· καὶ αἱ βλασφημίαι ὅσα ἐὰν βλασφημήσωσινxESV, NASB, NRSV: "whatever"
NIV, NLT: untranslated
Greek: ὅσα ἐὰν 'whatever'
47
46Mark 4:22q: (for nothing is hidden)
q: (except to be made manifest)
ἐὰν μὴ ἵνα φανερωθῇ, ἀλλʼ ἵνα ἔλθῃ εἰς φανερόν 3xESV, NASB, NRSV: "except"
NIV: "whatever"
NLT: untranslated
Greek: ἐὰν μὴ 'except'
Although Boyer (1982b:168; 1983:182) claims that this is a true conditional, here it merely means "except", as seen by the close parallel with ἀλλα in the second half of the verse.
Paraphrases (to avoid multiple negatives in languages without 'unless' or 'except'):
NIV: For whatever is hidden is meant to be disclosed, and whatever is concealed is meant to be brought out into the open.
NLT: For everything that is hidden will eventually be brought into the open, and every secret will be brought to light.
48
47Mark 5:37q: (and he allowed no one to follow him)
p: (except Peter and James and John the brother of James)
εἰ μὴ τὸν Πέτρον καὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην τὸν ἀδελφὸν Ἰακώβουκαὶ οὐκ ἀφῆκεν οὐδένα μετʼ αὐτοῦ συνακολουθῆσαι1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
49
48Mark 6:4q: (a prophet is not without honour)
p: (except in his hometown and among his relatives and in his own household)
εἰ μὴ ἐν τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν τοῖς συγγενεῦσιν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦΟὐκ ἔστιν προφήτης ἄτιμος1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
50
49Mark 6:5q: (and he could do no mighty work there)
p: (except that he laid his hands on a few sick people and healed them)
εἰ μὴ ὀλίγοις ἀρρώστοις ἐπιθεὶς τὰς χεῖρας ἐθεράπευσενκαὶ οὐκ ἐδύνατο ἐκεῖ ποιῆσαι οὐδεμίαν δύναμιν1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
51
50Mark 6:8q: (he charged them to take nothing for their journey)
p: (except a staff)
εἰ μὴ ῥάβδον μόνονκαὶ παρήγγειλεν αὐτοῖς ἵνα μηδὲν αἴρωσιν εἰς ὁδὸν1xESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
52
51Mark 6:10p: (whenever you enter a house)
q: (stay there until you depart)
Ὅπου ἐὰν εἰσέλθητε εἰς οἰκίαν, ἐκεῖ μένετε ἕως ἂν ἐξέλθητε ἐκεῖθενESV, NIV: "whenever"
NASB, NRSV, NLT: "wherever"
Greek: Ὅπου ἐὰν 'wherever'
53
52Mark 6:22p: (ask me whatever you wish)
p: (and I will give it to you)
ὃ ἐὰν θέλῃς, καὶ δώσω σοιESV, NASB, NRSV: "whatever"
NIV, NLT: "anything"
Greek: ὃ ἐὰν 'whatever'
54
53Mark 6:23p: (whatever you ask me)
q: (I will give you, up to half my kingdom)
Ὅ τι ἐάν με αἰτήσῃς δώσω σοι ἕως ἡμίσους τῆς βασιλείας μου3ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whatever"Greek: Ὅ ἐάν 'whatever'
55
54Mark 7:11bWhatever you would have gained from me is Corban.Κορβᾶν, ὅ ἐστιν, Δῶρον, ὃ ἐὰν ἐξ ἐμοῦ ὠφεληθῇςESV, NASB, NRSV: "whatever"
NIV, NLT: "what"
Greek: ὃ ἐὰν 'whatever'
56
55Mark 8:12bNo sign will be given to this generation.
Lit:
p: (If will be given to this generation a sign.)
q: missing
εἰ δοθήσεται τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ σημεῖον 1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: negative assertion, untranslated conditional
ESV: "no sign will be given"
This construction seems to be a Greek rendering of a frozen Hebrew oath form. It has no q but -Guelich (1989: 415) suggests that there may be an understood "may I die!"
57
56Mark 8:14q: (now they had forgotten to bring bread)
p: (and they only had one loaf with them in the boat)
καὶ εἰ μὴ ἕνα ἄρτον οὐκ εἶχον μεθʼ ἑαυτῶν ἐν τῷ πλοίῳΚαὶ ἐπελάθοντο λαβεῖν ἄρτους1ESV, NRSV, NLT: untranslated ("only")
NIV: "except"
NASB: "not...more than"
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
58
57Mark 8:23bDo you see anything?
Lit:
p: (If anything you see?)
q: missing
Εἴ τι βλέπεις;1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: no conditionalGreek: εἴ τι 'if anything'. There is no two-clause relationship; rather, the phrase εἴ τι simply means "anything." See definition 7 of εἰ in BDAG.
59
58Mark 8:35p1: (whoever would save his life
q1: (will lose it)
p2: (whoever loses his life for my sake and the gospel’s)
q2: (will save it)
p1: ὃς γὰρ ἐὰν θέλῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ σῶσαι p2: ὃς δʼ ἂν ἀπολέσει τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ καὶ τοῦ εὐαγγελίουq1: ἀπολέσει αὐτήν q2: σώσει αὐτήν3ESV, NASB, NIV: "whoever"
NRSV: "those who"
NLT: "if" (both clauses in the verse translated as conditionals, despite Greek lacking a conditional particle)
Greek: ὃς ἐὰν 'whoever' (p2 has ὃς ἂν)
Translator's notes treats these as true conditionals.
Luke 9:24, 17:33
60
59Mark 8:38p: (whoever is ashamed of me and of my words in this adulterous and sinful generation)
q: (of him will the Son of Man also be ashamed when he comes in the glory of his Father with the holy angels)
ὃς γὰρ ἐὰν ἐπαισχυνθῇ με καὶ τοὺς ἐμοὺς λόγους ἐν τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ τῇ μοιχαλίδι καὶ ἁμαρτωλῷ, καὶ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐπαισχυνθήσεται αὐτόν, ὅταν ἔλθῃ ἐν τῇ δόξῃ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῶν ἀγγέλων τῶν ἁγίων3ESV, NASB: "whoever"
NRSV: "those who"
NIV, NLT: "if anyone"
Greek: ὃς ἐὰν 'whoever'.
Translator's notes treats it as a true conditional.
61
60Mark 9:9q: (he charged them to tell no one what they had seen)
p: (until the Son of Man had risen from the dead)
εἰ μὴ ὅταν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇδιεστείλατο αὐτοῖς ἵνα μηδενὶ ἃ εἶδον διηγήσωνται1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "until"Greek: εἰ μὴ ὅταν. This construction is closely related to the usage of εἰ μὴ to mean "except". Here it is used with ὅταν to mean roughly "except when" (Young's Literal Translation) or more naturally "until." This is the only example of εἰ μὴ ὅταν in the NT.
62
61Mark 9:18p: (whenever it seizes him)
q: (it throws him down, and he foams and grinds his teeth and becomes rigid)
καὶ ὅπου ἐὰν αὐτὸν καταλάβῃ ῥήσσει αὐτόνκαὶ ἀφρίζει καὶ τρίζει τοὺς ὀδόντας καὶ ξηραίνεταιESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whenever"Greek: ὅπου ἐὰ 'whenever'
63
62Mark 9:29q: (this kind cannot be driven our by anything)
p: (but prayer)
εἰ μὴ ἐν προσευχῇΤοῦτο τὸ γένος ἐν οὐδενὶ δύναται ἐξελθεῖν1ESV, NASB: "but"
NRSV, NIV, NLT: untranslated ("only")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
This may need to be translated as a conditional in some languages: "This kind can only be driven out if you pray" (see the first option in Translator's Notes.)
64
63Mark 10:2Some Pharisees... began to question Him
p: (whether it was lawful for a man to divorce a wife)
εἰ ἔξεστιν ἀνδρὶ γυναῖκα ἀπολῦσαιΦαρισαῖοι ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸνESV, NRSV, NIV, NLT: direct speech with no conditional
NASB: indirect speech, "whether"
εἰ here introduces a Yes/No question, which may either be in direct or indirect speech; in English a question in indirect speech can be introduced using 'if' or 'whether' (as in NASB) and εἰ could function here as a complementizer. See BDAG entry εἰ definition 5bα where this verse is cited.
65
64Mark 10:18q: (no one is good)
p: (except God alone)
εἰ μὴ εἷς ὁ θεόςοὐδεὶς ἀγαθὸς1xESV, NASB, NIV: "except"
NRSV: "but"
NLT: untranslated ("only")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
66
65Mark 10:29-30q v.29: (there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or farms, for My sake and for the gospel’s sake)
p v.30: (but that he will receive a hundred times as much now in the present age, houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and farms, along with persecutions; and in the age to come, eternal life)
NLT rephrases the two negatives as positives: "everyone who has given up...for my sake and for the Good News, will receive..."
ἐὰν μὴ λάβῃ ἑκατονταπλασίονα νῦν ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τούτῳ οἰκίας καὶ ἀδελφοὺς καὶ ἀδελφὰς καὶ μητέρας καὶ τέκνα καὶ ἀγροὺς μετὰ διωγμῶν, καὶ ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τῷ ἐρχομένῳ ζωὴν αἰώνιον οὐδείς ἐστιν ὃς ἀφῆκεν οἰκίαν ἢ ἀδελφοὺς ἢ ἀδελφὰς ἢ μητέρα ἢ πατέρα ἢ τέκνα ἢ ἀγροὺς ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ καὶ ἕνεκεν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου1xESV, NRSV, NIV: "who"
NASB: "but"
NLT: uses positives: "everyone... will receive..."
Greek: ἐὰν μὴ 'except'
67
66Mark 10:35q: (Teacher, we want you to do for us)
p: (whatever we ask of you)
ὃ ἐὰν αἰτήσωμέν σε Διδάσκαλε, θέλομεν ἵνα ποιήσῃς ἡμῖνxESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whatever"Greek: ὃ ἐὰν 'whatever'
68
67Mark 11:13aAnd seeing in the distance a fig tree in leaf, he went to see
p: (if he could find anything on it)
εἰ ἄρα τι εὑρήσει ἐν αὐτῇκαὶ ἰδὼν συκῆν ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἔχουσαν φύλλα ἦλθεν1ESV, NIV, NLT: "if"
NASB: "if perhaps"
NRSV: "whether"
Greek: εἰ ἄρα 'if perhaps'. Here εἰ introduces a purpose statement, and this non-conditional functions as a complementizer.
69
68Mark 11:13bq: (he found nothing)
p: (but leaves)
εἰ μὴ φύλλακαὶ ἐλθὼν ἐπʼ αὐτὴν οὐδὲν εὗρενESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "nothing but leaves"
NLT: "only leaves"
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
70
69Mark 13:11q: (but say)
p: (whatever is given to you in that hour)
ὃ ἐὰν δοθῇ ὑμῖν ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ τοῦτο λαλεῖτεESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "whatever"
NLT: "what"
Greek: ὃ ἐὰ 'whatever'
71
70Mark 13:22q: (for false christs and false prophets will arise and perform signs and wonders to lead astray)
p: (if possible, the elect)
εἰ δυνατόν, τοὺς ἐκλεκτούςἐγερθήσονται γὰρ ψευδόχριστοι καὶ ψευδοπροφῆται καὶ δώσουσιν σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα πρὸς τὸ ἀποπλανᾶν1?ESV, NASB, NRSV: "to lead astray, if possible..."
NIV, NLT: "to deceive, if possible, even..."
A possible interpretation is: "If it possible to deceive the elect, then the elect may be deceived (by these signs)".
See
"if possible" constructions
Matthew 24:24
72
71Mark 13:32q: (but concerning that day or that hour, no one knows, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son)
p: (but only the Father)
εἰ μὴ ὁ πατήρΠερὶ δὲ τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης ἢ τῆς ὥρας οὐδεὶς οἶδεν, οὐδὲ οἱ ἄγγελοι ἐν οὐρανῷ οὐδὲ ὁ υἱός1xESV, NRSV, NIV: "but only"
NASB: "but... alone"
NLT: untranslated ("only")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
73
72Mark 14:9p: (wherever the gospel is proclaimed in the whole worlds)
q: (what she has done will be told in memory of her)
ὅπου ἐὰν κηρυχθῇ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον εἰς ὅλον τὸν κόσμον, καὶ ὃ ἐποίησεν αὕτη λαληθήσεται εἰς μνημόσυνον αὐτῆςESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "wherever"Greek: ὅπου ἐὰν 'wherever'. This non-conditional functions as a complementizer.
74
73Mark 14:14p: (and wherever he enters)
q: (say to the master of the house, "The teacher says, Where is my guest room, where I may eat Passover with my disciples?")
ὅπου ἐὰν εἰσέλθῃ εἴπατε τῷ οἰκοδεσπότῃ ὅτι Ὁ διδάσκαλος λέγει, Ποῦ ἐστιν τὸ κατάλυμά μου ὅπου τὸ πάσχα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν μου φάγω;ESV, NASB, NRSV: "wherever"
NIV, NLT: untranslated
Greek: ὅπου ἐὰν 'wherever'
75
74Mark 14:35p: (if it were possible)
q: (the hour might pass from him)
εἰ δυνατόν ἐστιν παρέλθῃ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ ἡ ὥρα1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "if...possible"Boyer notes that this is "not a complete conditional sentence, but an idiomatic parenthetic insertion into a purpose clause" (1981: 87). Here, the insertion of "if possible" seems to express unlikeliness rather than impossibility. (Note how Luke's account has "if willing" functioning the same way and supporting this analysis.) According to this view, Jesus would not have prayed in this way unless he believed there was a possibility, however remote, of its fulfillment.
Alternatively, Cole argues that while Jesus knows that God can do anything, he also knows that it is indeed impossible for the Messiah to avoid suffering. Translator's Notes states that "if possible" is a mark of Jesus's humility in asking this of the Father; that is, it is a politeness/humility strategy.
See also "if possible" constructions.
Matthew 26:39; Luke 22:42 ("if you are willing")
76
75Mark 15:36wait, let us see
p: (whether Elijah will come to take him down)
εἰ ἔρχεται Ἠλίας καθελεῖν αὐτόνἌφετε ἴδωμεν1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NLT: "whether"
NIV: "if"
See note on Mark 10:2.
77
76Mark 15:44And summoning the centurion, he asked him
p: (whether he was already dead)
εἰ πάλαι ἀπέθανενκαὶ προσκαλεσάμενος τὸν κεντυρίωνα ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτὸνESV, NASB, NRSV: "whether"
NIV, NLT: "if"
See note on Mark 10:2.
78
77Luke 4:6To you I will give all this authority and their glory, for it has been delivered to me, and I will give it to whom I will.Σοὶ δώσω τὴν ἐξουσίαν ταύτην ἅπασαν καὶ τὴν δόξαν αὐτῶν, ὅτι ἐμοὶ παραδέδοται καὶ ᾧ ἐὰν θέλω δίδωμι αὐτήνESV: "whom"
NASB: "whomever"
NRSV, NLT, NIV: "anyone"
Greek: ᾧ ἐὰν 'hoever'
79
78Luke 4:26q: (and Elijah was sent to none of them)
p: (but only to Zarephath, in the land of Sidon, to a woman who was a widow)
εἰ μὴ εἰς Σάρεπτα τῆς Σιδωνίας πρὸς γυναῖκα χήρανκαὶ πρὸς οὐδεμίαν αὐτῶν ἐπέμφθη Ἠλίας1ESV, NASB: "but only"
NRSV: "except"
NIV: "but"
NLT: "instead"
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except' is here better translated as "instead" or "but only", as the widow at Zarephath in Sidon was not one of the widows in Israel.
80
79Luke 4:27q: (and none of them was cleansed)
p: (but only Naaman the Syrian)
εἰ μὴ Ναιμὰν ὁ Σύροςκαὶ οὐδεὶς αὐτῶν ἐκαθαρίσθηESV, NASB, NLT: "but (the) only"
NRSV: "except"
NIV: "only"
See note at 4:26.
81
80Luke 5:21q: (who can forgive sins)
p: (but God alone?)
εἰ μὴ μόνος ὁ θεόςτίς δύναται ἁμαρτίας ἀφεῖναι1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "but God alone"
NLT: untranslated ("only God")
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'. Boyer notes that this is an example of a sub-type of exceptive clause, which poses a rhetorical question, to which the answer is "no one."Mark 2:7
82
81Luke 6:4q: (which is not lawful for any)
p: (but the priests to eat)
φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ μόνους τοὺς ἱερεῖςοὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν1NASB: "except"
ESV, NRSV: "but"
NLT, NIV: untranslated
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'.Matthew 12:4
83
82Luke 6:7And the scribes and the Pharisees watched him, to see whether he would heal on the Sabbath.παρετηροῦντο δὲ αὐτὸν οἱ γραμματεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι εἰ ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ θεραπεύει, ἵνα εὕρωσιν κατηγορεῖν αὐτοῦESV, NRSV: "whether"
NASB, NIV: "if"
NLT: "if" (uses prototypical conditional construction)
The use of εἰ here does not connect two related clauses, but introduces a clause describing a possible event; εἰ functions as a complementizer.
84
83Luke 6:9I ask you, is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do harm, to save a life or to destroy it?Ἐπερωτῶ ὑμᾶς εἰ ἔξεστιν τῷ σαββάτῳ ἀγαθοποιῆσαι ἢ κακοποιῆσαι, ψυχὴν σῶσαι ἢ ἀπολέσαι;ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: untranslatedIn contrast to 6:7, in this verse εἰ introduces a direct question and states both possible answers.
85
84Luke 7:23q: (and blessed is the one)
p: (who is not offended by me)
ὃς ἐὰν μὴ σκανδαλισθῇ ἐν ἐμοί μακάριός ἐστινESV: "the one who"
NASB: "he *who" with textual note at *lit. whoever
NIV, NRSV: "anyone who"
NLT: "those who"
Greek: ὃς ἐὰν 'whoever'
Here ὃς ἐὰν is the phrase that is functioning together as "who"/"whoever" and the μὴ is simply modifying the verb.
86
85Luke 8:51q: (he allowed no one to enter with him)
p: (except Peter and John and James, and the father and mother of the child)
εἰ μὴ Πέτρον καὶ Ἰωάννην καὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ τὸν πατέρα τῆς παιδὸς καὶ τὴν μητέραἐλθὼν δὲ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν οὐκ ἀφῆκεν εἰσελθεῖν τινα σὺν αὐτῷ1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'.
87
86Luke 9:48p: (whoever receives this child in my name)
q: (receives me)

p: (and whoever receives me)
q: (receives the one who sent me)
P1: Ὃς ἐὰν δέξηται τοῦτο τὸ παιδίον ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου P2:καὶ ὃς ἂν ἐμὲ δέξηταιQ1: ἐμὲ δέχεται Q2: δέχεται τὸν ἀποστείλαντά μεESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV: "whoever"
NLT: "anyone who"
Greek: ὃς ἐὰν "whoever".
This verse (and also Luk 17:33) compares two different kinds of people. The first kind of person is referred to with the relative pronoun ὃς and ἐὰν, while the second type of person is referred to with the relative pronoun ὃς and ἂν; both mean "whoever". It is possible in English to treat this as a true conditional and translate "if anyone" or, as in the NLT, to personalize it, "if you".
88
87Luke 9:57q: (I will follow you)
p: (wherever you go)
ὅπου ἐὰν ἀπέρχῃ Ἀκολουθήσω σοιESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "wherever"ὅπου ἐὰν 'wherever'; ἐὰν modifies ὅπου to make the locative term indefiinite.Matthew 8:19
89
88Luke 10:22aq: (and no one knows who the Son is)
p: (except the Father)
εἰ μὴ ὁ πατήρκαὶ οὐδεὶς γινώσκει τίς ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'Matthew 11:27
90
89Luke 10:22bq: (or who the Father is)
p: (except the Son)
εἰ μὴ ὁ υἱὸςκαὶ τίς ἐστιν ὁ πατὴρ1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
91
90Luke 10:22cq: (and anyone)
p: (to whom the Son chooses to reveal him)
ᾧ ἐὰν βούληται ὁ υἱὸς ἀποκαλύψαι καὶ ᾧESV, NASB, NRSV: "anyone to whom"
NIV, NLT: "those to whom"
ᾧ ἐὰν 'whoever'.
92
91Luke 11:29q: (but no sign will be given it)
p: (except the sign of Jonah)
εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶκαὶ σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ1ESV, NRSV, NIV: "except"
NASB, NLT: "but...(only)"
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'.
93
92Luke 12:49I came to cast fire on the earth, and would that it were already kindledΠῦρ ἦλθον βαλεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ τί θέλω εἰ ἤδη ἀνήφθηxESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: untranslated
NASB has a note: "Lit.
what do I wish if...?"
Marshall notes that this is a Semitism, θέλω εἰ meaning, ‘I wish that’. Possibly εἰ is functioning as a complementizer here.
94
93Luke 13:23"Lord, will those who are saved be few?"Κύριε, εἰ ὀλίγοι οἱ σῳζόμενοι;ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: untranslatedεἰ introduces a question in direct speech, but occurs after the vocative 'Lord'. (See 6:9)
95
94Luke 14:28q: (for which of you, desiring to build a tower, does not first sit down and count the cost)
p: (whether he had enough to complete it?)
εἰ ἔχει εἰς ἀπαρτισμόντίς γὰρ ἐξ ὑμῶν θέλων πύργον οἰκοδομῆσαι οὐχὶ πρῶτον καθίσας ψηφίζει τὴν δαπάνηνESV, NRSV: "whether"
NASB, NIV, NLT: "if"
The use of εἰ here does not connect two related clauses, but introduces an indirect question by introducing a clause describing a possible situation; εἰ functions as a complementizer.
96
95Luke 14:31q: (or what king, going out to enounter another king in war, will not sit down first and deliberate)
p: (whether he is able with ten thousand to meet him who comes against him with twenty thousand?)
εἰ δυνατός ἐστιν ἐν δέκα χιλιάσιν ὑπαντῆσαι τῷ μετὰ εἴκοσι χιλιάδων ἐρχομένῳ ἐπʼ αὐτόν;ἢ τίς βασιλεὺς πορευόμενος ἑτέρῳ βασιλεῖ συμβαλεῖν εἰς πόλεμον οὐχὶ καθίσας πρῶτον βουλεύσεταιESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "whether"See note at 14:28.
97
96Luke 17:18q: (was no one found to return and give praise to God)
p: (except this foreigner?)
εἰ μὴ ὁ ἀλλογενὴς οὗτοςοὐχ εὑρέθησαν ὑποστρέψαντες δοῦναι δόξαν τῷ θεῷ1ESV, NASB, NRSV, NIV, NLT: "except"Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'
98
97Luke 17:33p: (whoever seeks to preserve his life)
q: (will lose it)

p: (but whoever loses his life)
q: (will keep it)
P1: ὃς ἐὰν ζητήσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ περιποιήσασθαι P2: ὃς δʼ ἂν ἀπολέσῃQ1: ἀπολέσει αὐτήν Q2: ζῳογονήσει αὐτήνESV, NASB, NIV: "whoever"
NRSV: "those who"
NLT: "if you"
Greek: ὃς ἐὰν 'whoever'; Luke 9:24 is almost identical but uses ἂν in both clauses.
See note on 9:48.
Mark 8:35; Luke 9:24
99
98Luke 18:19q: (no one is good)
p: (except God alone)
εἰ μὴ εἷς ὁ θεόςοὐδεὶς ἀγαθὸς ESV, NASB, NIV: "except"
NRSV: "but"
NLT: untranslated
Greek: εἰ μὴ 'except'Mark 10:18
100
99Luke 19:42NASB:
p: (If you had known this day, even you, the things which make for peace)
q: [elided]
Εἰ ἔγνως ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ καὶ σὺ τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην· νῦν δὲ ἐκρύβη ἀπὸ ὀφθαλμῶν σου2 / 1ESV: "would that..."
NASB, NRSV, NIV: "if...(only)"
NLT: "how I wish..."
This is not a true conditional, as there is no q. Some English translations use "if only" or other expressions to show that this is a lament.