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1 | This document is searchable for any topic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | you wish. Depress your 'Control' and 'F' keys | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | simultaneously to open the search engine. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Chronology | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | for the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | Carlsbad NM Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | Lets Be Honest | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | (Note: If the strange punctuation in this chronology drives you crazy, we known the feeling. The | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | only computer program currently available that works does not recognize quotation marks, the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | apostrophe, or the double dash and replaces all of them with a question mark. These had to be | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | removed. So please just pretend that they are there.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | When information from the local newspapers begins to appear in this chronology, the following | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | abbreviations will be used to identify the newspaper: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | EA The Eddy Argus: The first local newspaper, it was owned by the Town | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 | Company. It is published from 12 Oct 1889 to 15 Feb 1924. (It is a weekly | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
16 | that is initially published on Saturdays.) Its political affiliation was | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
17 | Republican. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
18 | ECC The Eddy County Citizen: first Editor, A.J.Howe, publishes from | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 | 28 Nov 1891 to 02 Feb 1894. (It is a weekly that is published on Saturdays) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | Its political affiliation was Democrat. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | EC The Eddy Current: Editor William H.(Bill) Mullane, publishes from | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | 16 Nov 1892 to 23 Jan 1934. (It is a weekly that is soon published on | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | Fridays.) Its political affiliation was Democrat. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
24 | PVA On the 1st of February, 1895, shortly after the railroad reaches Roswell NM, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
25 | the Eddy Argus rechristens itself the Pecos Valley Argus. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
26 | CC With the change of name from Eddy to Carlsbad on 23 May 1899 the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
27 | Eddy Current quickly becomes the Carlsbad Current. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
28 | CA The Pecos Valley Argus becomes the Carlsbad Argus in Jan 1901. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
29 | CCA The Current and the Argus combined in Nov 1926 to become the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
30 | Carlsbad Current Argus. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
31 | 100AD to 800AD The Basketmaker Indians are present across the Guadalupes to our west | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
32 | 1400 The nomadic Apache tribe spreads into the region. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
33 | 1520 The Comanche, making use of the horse, which came to this area with the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
34 | Spanish, move with the buffalo herds and become the dominant group east | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
35 | of the Pecos. They tend to force the Apache into the highlands to the west. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
36 | 1536 Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions cross the continent from Florida | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
37 | to California. Their route is probably to the south of our area, although one | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
38 | theory suggests that they crossed through the Sacramento Mountains by way | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
39 | of the Penasco Valley. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
40 | 1583 Spain’s Antonio de Espejo brings an expedition of exploration down the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
41 | Pecos River, which he names the Rio Salado. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
42 | 1590 Gaspar Castano de Sosa brings a colony of 170 people up the Rio Salado in | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
43 | ox carts, settling them near the start of the river at Pecos Pueblo. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
44 | 1600 to 1820 The Spanish, finding no valuable minerals in this area, choose to leave the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
45 | Middle Pecos Valley in the hands of the Comanche and the Mescalero | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
46 | Apache rather than fighting them for its control. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
47 | 1821 With Mexico’s independence this area passes from the hands of Spain | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
48 | to become part of the Province of Nuevo Mexico. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
49 | 1848 Col. Steven Kearny occupies the Territory of New Mexico for the U.S. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
50 | 1849 An 1849 map labels future Upper Black River Todos Santos, and labels | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
51 | future Rattlesnake Spring as Ojo del Camino. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | 1850 to 1870 The Comanchero Trade is at its height on the Staked Plains. Siete Rios | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | (Seven Rivers) is apparently one of the trading grounds. The name appears | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
54 | on very early maps. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
55 | 1850 Hispanic settlements have begun to show up on the Upper Hondo and | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
56 | Bonito Rivers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
57 | 1852 Future Eddy County is at this time part of Doña Ana County. The | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
58 | Dona Aña County Seat is at Mesilla. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
59 | 1854 Capt. Pope makes several attempts to establish water wells for a proposed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
60 | trans-continental railroad paralleling Delaware Creek to our south. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
61 | 1855 The defeated Mescalero Apache are restricted to their current territory. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | 1855-02 Scout Jose Maria Palancho, a member of the Longstreet Expedition, is | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
63 | killed by Indians at the Point of the Guadalupes (where he is buried.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
64 | 1855-05-04 Ft Stanton is established in the Capitan Mountains near La Placita (later | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
65 | to be renamed Lincoln.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
66 | 1856 With control now established over the Mescalero and the Comanche, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
67 | Hispanic families begin to reside for the first time along the Middle Pecos. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
68 | They subsist by raising goats and a few sheep. They do have to be almost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
69 | totally self-sufficient because any source of supplies is as far away as | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
70 | El Paso. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | 1858 to 1859 The Butterfield Overland Stage route moves up the Delaware River from | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
72 | the Pecos and through Pine Springs Station from early 1858 to Aug 1859 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
73 | 1862 R.M.Gilbert settles near the mouth of the Penasco. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
74 | 1862 The Homestead Act is passed. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
75 | 1862 Ft. Sumner and the Bosque Redondo Reservation are started on the Pecos. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
76 | Kit Carson shifts the Mescalero Apaches to the new reservation. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
77 | 1866 The Heiskell Jones family arrives in New Mexico, living briefly near future | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
78 | Roswell and then briefly at Plaza San Jose (later called Missouri Plaza) in 1867. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
79 | 1866-06-01 Charles Goodnight & Oliver Loving bring their first Texas cattle herd up the Pecos. Within three | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
80 | years, the valley held thousands of grazing cattle as other ranchers followed. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | 1867 The Pecos Valley, we are told, was at this time a sea of grass with not a single | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
82 | large tree for 50 miles. Because the nearest timber in the Guadalupes could not | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
83 | be brought in due to lack of roads, early settlers in this area, for years, had | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
84 | to be content with living in tents or chosas so small that they could be roofed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
85 | with the cane and small willows that did grow along the banks of the river. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
86 | 1867 Tom Jones was born 29 Sep 1867 in an adobe house that stood where the Main | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
87 | Street bridge now crosses the Hondo on the north side of Roswell. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
88 | 1867 Plaza San Jose (later called Missouri Plaza) is established on the Lower Hondo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
89 | (It is abandoned by the 1870’s.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
90 | 1867 John Chisum brings his first Texas cattle herd up the Pecos and establishes a | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
91 | ranch for his wet stuff (cows & calves) south of Ft. Sumner at Bosque | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
92 | Grande. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
93 | 1867 The first Anglo settlers arrive at Siete Rios, calling it Dog Town because of the large population of | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
94 | prairie dogs. (In 1878 it begins to be called Seven Rivers.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
95 | 1867-09-03 Oliver Loving is attacked by Indians 7 miles south of future Carlsbad. He | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
96 | dies at Ft. Sumner 22 days later. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
97 | 1868 The area where Carlsbad later appears will begin to be called Lovings Bend | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
98 | (with an apostrophe.) It is the location of one of the few safe fords across the | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
99 | Pecos, then notorious for its quicksand. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | 1868 The Indian Reservation at Bosque Redondo is shut down and the Mescalero are |