Chronology2NLBnl.csv

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4	Chronology
5	for the
6	Carlsbad NM Area
7	Lets Be Honest
8	(Note: If the strange punctuation in this chronology drives you crazy, we known the feeling. The
9	only computer program currently available that works does not recognize quotation marks, the
10	apostrophe, or the double dash and replaces all of them with a question mark. These had to be
11	removed. So please just pretend that they are there.)
12	When information from the local newspapers begins to appear in this chronology, the following
13	abbreviations will be used to identify the newspaper:
14	EA The Eddy Argus: The first local newspaper, it was owned by the Town
15	Company. It is published from 12 Oct 1889 to 15 Feb 1924. (It is a weekly
16	that is initially published on Saturdays.) Its political affiliation was
17	Republican.
18	ECC The Eddy County Citizen: first Editor, A.J.Howe, publishes from
19	28 Nov 1891 to 02 Feb 1894. (It is a weekly that is published on Saturdays)
20	Its political affiliation was Democrat.
21	EC The Eddy Current: Editor William H.(Bill) Mullane, publishes from
22	16 Nov 1892 to 23 Jan 1934. (It is a weekly that is soon published on
23	Fridays.) Its political affiliation was Democrat.
24	PVA On the 1st of February, 1895, shortly after the railroad reaches Roswell NM,
25	the Eddy Argus rechristens itself the Pecos Valley Argus.
26	CC With the change of name from Eddy to Carlsbad on 23 May 1899 the
27	Eddy Current quickly becomes the Carlsbad Current.
28	CA The Pecos Valley Argus becomes the Carlsbad Argus in Jan 1901.
29	CCA The Current and the Argus combined in Nov 1926 to become the
30	Carlsbad Current Argus.
31	100AD to 800AD The Basketmaker Indians are present across the Guadalupes to our west
32	1400 The nomadic Apache tribe spreads into the region.
33	1520 The Comanche, making use of the horse, which came to this area with the
34	Spanish, move with the buffalo herds and become the dominant group east
35	of the Pecos. They tend to force the Apache into the highlands to the west.
36	1536 Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions cross the continent from Florida
37	to California. Their route is probably to the south of our area, although one
38	theory suggests that they crossed through the Sacramento Mountains by way
39	of the Penasco Valley.
40	1583 Spain’s Antonio de Espejo brings an expedition of exploration down the
41	Pecos River, which he names the Rio Salado.
42	1590 Gaspar Castano de Sosa brings a colony of 170 people up the Rio Salado in
43	ox carts, settling them near the start of the river at Pecos Pueblo.
44	1600 to 1820 The Spanish, finding no valuable minerals in this area, choose to leave the
45	Middle Pecos Valley in the hands of the Comanche and the Mescalero
46	Apache rather than fighting them for its control.
47	1821 With Mexico’s independence this area passes from the hands of Spain
48	to become part of the Province of Nuevo Mexico.
49	1848 Col. Steven Kearny occupies the Territory of New Mexico for the U.S.
50	1849 An 1849 map labels future Upper Black River Todos Santos, and labels
51	future Rattlesnake Spring as Ojo del Camino.
52	1850 to 1870 The Comanchero Trade is at its height on the Staked Plains. Siete Rios
53	(Seven Rivers) is apparently one of the trading grounds. The name appears
54	on very early maps.
55	1850 Hispanic settlements have begun to show up on the Upper Hondo and
56	Bonito Rivers.
57	1852 Future Eddy County is at this time part of Doña Ana County. The
58	Dona Aña County Seat is at Mesilla.
59	1854 Capt. Pope makes several attempts to establish water wells for a proposed
60	trans-continental railroad paralleling Delaware Creek to our south.
61	1855 The defeated Mescalero Apache are restricted to their current territory.
62	1855-02 Scout Jose Maria Palancho, a member of the Longstreet Expedition, is
63	killed by Indians at the Point of the Guadalupes (where he is buried.)
64	1855-05-04 Ft Stanton is established in the Capitan Mountains near La Placita (later
65	to be renamed Lincoln.)
66	1856 With control now established over the Mescalero and the Comanche,
67	Hispanic families begin to reside for the first time along the Middle Pecos.
68	They subsist by raising goats and a few sheep. They do have to be almost
69	totally self-sufficient because any source of supplies is as far away as
70	El Paso.
71	1858 to 1859 The Butterfield Overland Stage route moves up the Delaware River from
72	the Pecos and through Pine Springs Station from early 1858 to Aug 1859
73	1862 R.M.Gilbert settles near the mouth of the Penasco.
74	1862 The Homestead Act is passed.
75	1862 Ft. Sumner and the Bosque Redondo Reservation are started on the Pecos.
76	Kit Carson shifts the Mescalero Apaches to the new reservation.
77	1866 The Heiskell Jones family arrives in New Mexico, living briefly near future
78	Roswell and then briefly at Plaza San Jose (later called Missouri Plaza) in 1867.
79	1866-06-01 Charles Goodnight & Oliver Loving bring their first Texas cattle herd up the Pecos. Within three
80	years, the valley held thousands of grazing cattle as other ranchers followed.
81	1867 The Pecos Valley, we are told, was at this time a sea of grass with not a single
82	large tree for 50 miles. Because the nearest timber in the Guadalupes could not
83	be brought in due to lack of roads, early settlers in this area, for years, had
84	to be content with living in tents or chosas so small that they could be roofed
85	with the cane and small willows that did grow along the banks of the river.
86	1867 Tom Jones was born 29 Sep 1867 in an adobe house that stood where the Main
87	Street bridge now crosses the Hondo on the north side of Roswell.
88	1867 Plaza San Jose (later called Missouri Plaza) is established on the Lower Hondo
89	(It is abandoned by the 1870’s.)
90	1867 John Chisum brings his first Texas cattle herd up the Pecos and establishes a
91	ranch for his wet stuff (cows & calves) south of Ft. Sumner at Bosque
92	Grande.
93	1867 The first Anglo settlers arrive at Siete Rios, calling it Dog Town because of the large population of
94	prairie dogs. (In 1878 it begins to be called Seven Rivers.)
95	1867-09-03 Oliver Loving is attacked by Indians 7 miles south of future Carlsbad. He
96	dies at Ft. Sumner 22 days later.
97	1868 The area where Carlsbad later appears will begin to be called Lovings Bend
98	(with an apostrophe.) It is the location of one of the few safe fords across the
99	Pecos, then notorious for its quicksand.
100	1868 The Indian Reservation at Bosque Redondo is shut down and the Mescalero are