ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
1
2
Calculating HFC and PFC Emissions from the Manufacturing, Servicing,
3
and/or Disposal of Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Equipment
4
Calculation Worksheets (Version 1.0)
5
6
7
Purpose and Domain of Application
8
9
This guideline is written for plant managers and site personnel to facilitate the measurement and reporting of greenhouse gas direct hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and perfluorocarbon (PFC) emissions resulting from manufacturing, servicing, and disposal of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment. Direct HFC emissions occur from sources that are owned or controlled by the company. A step-by-step approach is presented to cover every phase of the calculation process from data gathering to reporting.

This sector guideline should be applied to projects whose operations involve the manufacture, use, and disposal of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment.
10
11
Process Description and Assumptions
12
13
Refrigeration and air-conditioning is composed of many end-uses, including household refrigeration, domestic air conditioning and heat pumps, mobile air conditioning, chillers, retail food refrigeration, cold storage warehouses, refrigerated transport, industrial process refrigeration, and commercial unitary air conditioning systems. Historically, this sector has used various ozone-depleting substances (ODS) such as CFCs and HCFCs as refrigerants. These ODS are being phased out under the Montreal Protocol and are being replaced with HFCs and PFCs.

HFC and PFC emissions from the refrigeration and air conditioning sector result from the manufacturing process, from leakage over the operational life of the equipment, and from disposal at the end of the useful life of the equipment. These gases have 100-year global warming potentials (GWP) 140 to 11,700 times that of carbon dioxide, so their potential impact on climate change can be significant (Table 1). By the same token, any reductions of these gases can have a large potential benefit.

This protocol addresses emissions from manufacturing, operation, and disposal phases.
14
15
Choosing Activity Data and Emission Factors
16
17
HFC and PFC emissions can be estimated based on data readily available to manufacturers and users of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment. This guideline contains a screening method (emissions factor based approach) and two quantification approaches, offering reporters a choice based on data availability and the level of accuracy required.

Equipment manufacturers and equipment users who maintain their own equipment are likely to find Approach 1, the "Sales-Based Approach," the most accurate and easiest to use. This approach estimates HFC and PFC emissions based on the amount of refrigerant purchased and used by the equipment manufacturer or user. The approach requires data that should be available from entity purchase and service records, and tracks emissions from manufacturing, servicing, and disposal. Spreadsheet 1a is designed for equipment manufacturers, while Spreadsheet 1b is designed for equipment users.

Equipment users who have contractors maintain their equipment may find it easier to use Approach 2, the "Life-Cycle Stage Approach." Those who have contractors service their equipment must obtain the required information from the contractor. If notified in advance of the need for this information, the contractor should be able to provide it. The Lifecycle Stage Approach provides a reasonable estimate of emissions from equipment, and tracks emissions from installation, servicing, and disposal.

18
19
20
Acknowledgements
21
22
This workbook was developed by ICF Inc, USA, with and for the GHG Protocol Initiative. The road test draft of the workbook was peer reviewed by Fred Keller/Carrier, Dr S Devotta/NCL, Mr R S Iyer/India, Tom Werkema/GGEEC, and Deborah Ottinger and Dave Godwin from US-EPA. Dr. Brad Upton from NCASI and Anthony Dvarskas from WRI also contributed to technical review of the guidance and tool. The intellectual property rights belong to World Resources Institute and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. Please quote original reference when using any part of this workbook. While the guidelines and worksheets are largely self explanatory, for questions or suggestions on its contents, please contact Pankaj Bhatia at pankaj@wri.org.
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100