Qualitative Checklist

	A	B	C	D	E
1	Qualitative Checklist
2	Section	Item	YES	PAGE	NO
3	INTRODUCTION
4	INTRODUCTION	1. Present the research problem (theoretical model of the study) based on the literature, preferably recent (with the majority of citations published within the last 5 years), and robust (including systematic reviews on the subject).
5	Objectives	4. Are the objective(s) clearly described to address the question 'what is the research aiming to answer'?
6	METHOD
7	Sample	3. For samples involving human subjects: describe the sample with inclusion criteria (selection criteria, target population, recruitment, and selection) and exclusion criteria (with explanations). Was data saturation considered for determining the number of participants? If not, what criterion or criteria were used?
8		4. For samples based on secondary research materials: describe the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the materials.
9		5. Was the approval number from the Research Ethics Committee or equivalent included?
10	Type of qualitative method used	6. Were the method(s) specified? Was there a combination of methods? Types of methods: a) Observation/Participant observation. b) Interview. c) Focus groups. d) Surveys. e) Research using secondary data sources.
11	Data collection procedures	7. Does it include the data collection date (JPTP limits its publications to studies with data collected within a maximum of 8 years)?
12		8. Were the types of procedures specified for each method used? Specifically: a) Observation/Participant observation: describe the location, period, and how the observation or ethnography was conducted. Which groups or communities were observed, and how was access gained? What was the duration of the research? What were the roles of the researchers within the researched group or community? How were the data recorded (video, audio, audiovisual, notes)? b) Interview: how were the participants recruited and interviewed? What was the sample size? What was the interview format (structured, semi-structured, open-ended)? What was the duration of the interviews? c) Focus groups: how were the participants recruited and interviewed? What was the sample size? What was the format of the focus group, and what dynamics were used? What was the duration of the focus group? d) Surveys: how were the questionnaires distributed? What types of questions and formats were used? e) Research using secondary data sources: what type of material was used (existing data collected from textual material, images, audio or video recordings, etc.)? How were they accessed?
13	Qualitative analysis procedures used	9. What approach guided the qualitative analysis of the data? Content analysis; Narrative analysis; Discourse analysis; Thematic analysis; etc.?
14		10. Were the analysis steps specified? Namely: a) Data preparation and organization. How were the data transcribed? Were software tools used, e.g., NVivo, F4 transkript; ATLAS.ti, etc.? b) Data review. Were the data reviewed to identify content patterns? c) Categorization definition. Were the criteria for categorization defined? d) Theme definition. Were the criteria for the themes defined? f) Were experts included in the analytic process? Was the agreement index among the experts reported?
15		11. Were software tools or lexical analysis tools used, for example, IRAMUTEQ, ALCESTE, STABLEX, EVOC, AVRIL, MAXQDA? If any of these tools were used, was there specification of statistical tests such as Fisher's χ2 test?
16	RESULTS
17		12. Are the results focused, addressing the proposed objectives?
18		13. Are tables and/or graphs presented in sufficient quantity and clear format? (if applicable) Or are selected quotes provided to support the results?
19		14. Are the titles of tables and figures self-explanatory? (if applicable)
20		15. Does each table/figure have one or more paragraphs highlighting its main findings without repeating its content? (if applicable)
21	DISCUSSION
22		16. Were the main results summarized, including the strength of evidence for the key findings?
23		17. Were all the main results (in respect of the study objectives) discussed in the context of the current literature? (an explanatory theoretical model of the results should be developed based on the literature)"
24		18. Are the references used relevant, comprehensive, coherent (including systematic reviews on the subject), and up-to-date (it is suggested that the majority of citations be from the last 5 years)?
25		19. Lists the limitations of the study and, whenever possible, indicate how to minimize them?
26	CONCLUSIONS
27	CONCLUSIONS	20. Are the conclusions brief (one to three paragraphs) and based on the findings in the article, aiding in understanding the main findings? (this section should indicate how the article contributes to the field of knowledge and discuss future directions.)
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