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Intervention optionsDescriptionSome selected examples from desktop review# of gaps addressed# of opportunities addressedReference examples of actual and suggested interventions (citing relevant rows in the interventions literature review examples tab)
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Cross-cutting activities
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Cross-Cutting Activity 1: Systemically prioritise Māori-led RRS initiativesContinue to invest and prioritise waste minimisation funding towards RRS initiatives led by mana whenua and hapori Māori in alignment with the Tūpiki Ora strategy (as per the 2025 round of the Waste Minimisation Fund that signalled a focus on mana whenua or Māori-led projects). As part of this focus, work to strengthen requirements to evidence social outcomes across all contestable fund applications, and to weight social outcomes when prioritising applications.

Work closely with mana whenua or hapori Māori-led projects that emerge from the current and future rounds of the WCC contestable fund, including exploring the possibility of future partnerships. This will help council understand the priorities of Māori in relation to RRS, tailor RRS opportunities accordingly, and identify opportunities for future RRS initiatives and partnerships.		Wellington City Council has already begun by setting investment signals for the Waste Minimisation Fund that prioritises applications for projects that are mana whenua or Māori-led and/or aligned with the top two tiers of the waste hierarchy.

Auckland Council co-funded and partnered with Synergy Project trust to establish NZ's first Māori / Pasifika led Community Resource Recovery Centre, Onehunga Zero Waste. 		8

(G4, G10, G29, G31, G37, G43, G45, G51)		5

(O5, O13, O16, O37, O41)		Rows 90-95, 135-138
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Cross-Cutting Activity 2: Internal rationalisation of WCC approach to RRS across teams and departments, and a commitment to continue, build on, and work to replicate Council's existing actions and interventions that support RRS, within a shared Council-wide strategic approachWellington City Council has already begun investing in, operating and supporting various RRS initiatives through different interventions across Council teams. These include:
- Allocating grants to RRS projects from various funds (including the Waste Minimisation Fund, the Social and Recreation Fund, the Climate Fund etc.).
- Signalling that the top two tiers of the waste hierarchy are priority areas for the 2025 round of contestable Waste Minimisation Fund applications.
- Working across Council and public agencies to provide or broker space for RRS initiatives, such as BikeSpace and BenchSpace.
- Delivering RRS initiatives as part of Council service, e.g. BikeSpace, The Tip Shop, public libraries.
- Partnering with community organisations to deliver RRS initiatives and support the long-term resilience of those initiatives, e.g. the partnership with Sustainability Trust to run Te Aro Zero Waste.
- Offering co-funding to an RRS initiative in order to unlock larger funding, e.g. FillGood.
- Participating in collaborative, multi-stakeholder working groups for an RRS initiative, e.g. FillGood.

Wellington City Council has also already committed to RRS-related actions in existing strategic documents, particularly 18 actions focused on the top two tiers of the waste hierarchy in WCC’s action plan in the WMMP (pp.59-62), and 11 Priority Actions and Additional Actions for achieving “Outcome 2: Transitioning to a zero carbon circular economy” in the EWS (p.68).

Council should seek to build, strengthen, replicate and rationalise these efforts by working across teams to: develop a shared understanding of Council's current work to support or operate RRS initiatives; create systems to avoid duplication or working at cross-purposes; lift comprehension across teams of the various ways that RRS support Council's different strategic objectives (e.g. zero waste, economic wellbeing, emissions reduction, community outcomes etc.); and commit to continue existing initiatives, build on them and work to replicate them across the city. For example:
- Establish a cross-departmental role/officer for Reuse, Repair, Share (or Zero Waste/Circular Economy) in order to ensure connection and integration across teams, CCOs, future plans and strategies, and to monitor progress against all exsting action plans.
- Establish a Reuse, Repair, Share internal Council check-in group that meets at regular intervals (e.g. quarterly) for teams to update each other and share ideas for future growth and replication (meetings could be facilitated by the RRS officer).
- Develop and run training for all Council staff on zero waste/circular economy, particularly as it relates to existing Council strategic documents, to increase knowledge, capacity, capability, best practices and on-the-ground support (this could be organised by the RRS officer).
- Use the OECD Scoreboard on the Governance of the Circular Economy in Cities and Regions self-assessment tool as an opportunity to evaluate, monitor and improve WCC's support for the circular economy.
- Implement internal systems to monitor and evaluate progress towards existing RRS-related actions in Council strategic documents.


ReLondon is a partnership of the Mayor of London and London's 32 boroughs to improve waste and resource management in the city and accelerate the transition to a circular economy, including the increase of RRS initiatives. ReLondon supports all 32 boroughs of London to develop waste reduction and recycling plans and other circular economy strategies, and to embed circular economy in their procurement and local plans. It also supports economic development and regeneration teams to design and deliver small business support, circular neighbourhoods/communities and circular infrastructure projects.

Various city councils have created internal structures and processes to coordinate their circular economy initiatives. For example, the city of Toronto, Canada has a Cross-Divisional Circular Economy Working Group that comprises 11 city divisions (Solid Waste Management Services, Purchasing and Materials Management, Environment and Energy, Parks, Forestry and Recreation, City Planning, Economic Development and Culture, Corporate Real Estate Management, Toronto Public Health, Transportation Services, Toronto Water, and Engineering and Construction Services). The Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, Spain, created a “Roundtable for the circular economy” (Mesa de economía circular) where the city and the metropolitan area coordinate actions. The city of Rotterdam, Netherlands, co-created its four-year-long programme on the circular economy, involving all the departments concerned with circularity in the municipality.

The OECD Urban Studies project The Circular Economy in Cities and Regions produced a synthesis report in 2020 that outlines the roles and responsibilities of city and regional governments to act simultaneously as promoters, facilities and enablers of the circular economy (although the report is focused on the circular economy, it understands the circular economy in its transformative, systemic sense, stretching beyond recycling to include circular business models like RRS). To support the implementation of its recommendations, the report sets out a practical Checklist for Action and a Scoreboard on the Governance of the Circular Economy for governments of cities and regions to self-assess against.		6

(O23, O24, O29, O32, O52, O56)		10

(O2, O3, O4, O21, O28, O31, O33, O38, O43, O45)		Rows 157-159 and 164-175
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Areas of Work
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Area of Work 1: Optimise and build resilience of existing RRS initiatives that are part of clusters in community/council facilitiesProvide financial and practical support to existing community/council facilities that already offer clusters of RRS activities (as identified in the stocktake) to build resilience and capacity to grow initiatives over time. Focus support towards:
- increasing operational capacity
- filling infrastructure gaps
- efforts to optimise initiatives in terms of accessibility, attractiveness, data capture and impact measurement.
Note that support arrangements that offer long-term security (e.g. beyond one-off or fixed-term grants) will have a more durable impact. Also, support can be both financial and in-kind.

Clusters can also be enabled, through funding, administrative or other in-kind assistance, to develop peer support and mentoring resources (e.g. Project 1), advise on the development of promotional resources, or contracted to host networking and collaboration events and resources (Projects 10-12). Their initiatives should be included in an online directory (e.g. Project 9).		The local authority in Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada, supports Raven Recentre, a community resource recovery centre with a reuse shop and tool library that also runs reuse days, fairs, indoor community garage sales, clothing swaps and repair workshops. Grants and logistical assistance from local government have been essential for Raven to be able to offer, and continue expanding upon, these services.24

(G7, G9, G11, G12, G13, G20, G21, G22, G25, G28, G30, G32, G34, G36, G37, G39, G41, G43, G44, G45, G46, G48, G53, G54)		16

(O1, O3, O8, O9, O10, O11, O23, O24, O25, O26, O33, O35, O38, O39, O44, O47)		Rows 3-10 & 11-26.

Also, 46-54; 55-57; 58-63.
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Area of Work 2: Expand provision of RRS initiatives in existing RRS clusters and/or in other community/council facilitiesPartner with/invest in community/council facilities already offering RRS initiatives to establish more priority initiatives (e.g. repair cafes, shared workshop facilities, libraries of things and spare parts warehousing) that focus on products, subcategory activities and/or suburbs/neighbourhoods where there is underprovision.

Identify and partner with/invest in existing community/council facilities (including council housing community spaces) that are not currently (but could be) hosting RRS clusters/activities. Work with these facilities, providing financial and practical support to enable them to establish RRS initiatives that make sense to them and their communities. Focus on initiatives that address underprovision in terms of products, subcategory activities and/or suburbs/neighbourhoods.

Support can involve grants for capital set-up (where needed); grants and longer term/secure funding arrangements for operational costs to run the initiatives; in-kind operational support for administration, staffing, volunteer coordination, and the scheduling of new and existing initiatives to avoid duplication or overlap; integration of the initiatives in an online directory (e.g. Project 9); and funding to allow providers to receive peer support/advice from existing providers (Project 1).		Wellington City Council has previously provided seed funding to existing community-run facilities to launch and develop repair programmes such as RepairEd at Sustainability Trust (now run by Te Aro Zero Waste).

In Canada, the City of Halifax helped launch Halifax Tool Library with capital grant funding and logistical support, and continues to provide space, promotional support, and volunteer coordination. 		17

(G2, G6, G7, G9, G10, G20, G21, G27, G34, G35, G44, G45, G46, G47, G48, G53, G54)		16

(O1, O2, O3, O4, O5, O11, O12, O14, O16, O17, O23, O24, O25, O26, O34, O38)		Rows 3-10; 11-26; 38-45; 64-67; 68-74; 75-79; 80-82; 83-87; 88-89; 90-95

Also, 46-54; 55-57; 58-63; 149-152.
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Area of Work 3: Integrate RRS into existing Resource Recovery Centres (RRCs) and planned Resource Recovery Network sites and activitiesIntegrate RRS activities/initiatives into all existing, and planned, resource recovery sites for Wellington City so that clusters of initiatives are available at every site as normal resource recovery practice. In addition, resource recovery sites should actively seek to act as return points for product takeback for reuse schemes, and should collect data in a standardised way across sites to enable measurement of waste avoidance impact.

This area of work will require planning to ensure resouce recovery spaces and facilities are fit-for-purpose for RRS services and events, and a budget to enable payment for the advice of existing providers (both community, council and commercial) to support best-practice in initiative set-up and operation (e.g. Project 1).

If site operation is outsourced or delivered in partnership with another organisation, RRS should be written into all contracts, tenders, and/or partnership agreements.

As part of this intervention, Council could explore whether there is interest amongst Māori-led groups to run or be involved in the delivery of any planned RRCs (as with Onehunga Zero Waste in Auckland).		Auckland Council is developing their Resource Recovery Network alongside social enterprises, featuring sites that enable reuse, repair and upcycling alongside traditional recycling. For example, Onehunga Zero Waste, Waiuku Zero Waste, Wairau Zero Waste Hub etc. Sites are established in conjunction with community organisations with expertise in zero waste beyond recycling (e.g. Localised).

In the Netherlands, Almere Municipality is developing community-based "Circulair Craft Centres" (Circulaire Ambachtscenters), which are centres consisting of a recycling platform, a thrift store and a repair workshop.

Waikato Regional Council’s Community Enterprise Peer Support programme funded Xtreme Zero Waste and Seagull Centre to provide business support and advice to emerging community-based resource recovery organisations in order to strengthen the network of community-based resource recovery, develop local employment and increase community knowledge and resilience.		24

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G14, G27, G32, G35, G39, G40, G41, G42, G49, G51, G52, G54, G55)		15

(O1, O2, O3, O4, O6, O13, O16, O21, O24, O31, O34, O43, O44, O45, O47)		Rows 11-26; 83-87; 139-148.

Also, 3-10; 90-95; 103-106.
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Area of Work 4: Work with others to advocate to central government for laws and policies to support RRS initiatives, and weave positive storytelling and data insights into advocacy materialsDevelop a programme of advocacy to central government for:
- more regulated product stewardship schemes and to ensure these schemes include reduction, reuse and repair outcomes as a matter of priority;
- product policy legislation and repair legislation that focuses on improving repairability and durability and increasing the availability of spare parts and diagnostic information;
- an increased waste disposal levy with hypothecation for RRS activities; and
- a central government procurement policy that includes RRS (given central government is such a large employer and spender in Wellington City).

Advocacy resources can be supported by positive storytelling developed through marketing and communications (e.g. Project 11) and evidence derived from improved data collection, monitoring and impact measurement (e.g. Projects 20-22).

Council advocacy can be most impactful when developed and disseminated alongside other councils, groups, forums, networks and coalitions to show broad support. Council can amplify the resources that already exist that promote RRS initiatives in the Aotearoa NZ context, as developed by groups such as Zero Waste Aotearoa, Para Kore, Repair Network Aotearoa, Consumer, and Sustainable Business Network. Council can also work with these groups and others, such as other TAs in the Wellington region, the Wellington Regional Waste Forum, the TAO Forum, WasteMINZ sector groups and the Reuse Working Group to develop and disseminate shared advocacy and key messages through joint events, RRS manifestos, briefings and policy documents, and meetings with central government officials and ministers. Council can also use its position and knowledge to encourage other organisations to amplify and share key messages about RRS topics through their own platforms, networks and communities.		A coalition of European cities, including Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Turku, Malmö, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Porto, Leuven and Milan, recently signed a letter to the European Parliament to advocate for stronger policies that reinforce the role of cities in the transition to a circular economy and enable circular urban practices across the European continent. The letter stresses the importance of broadening the use of economic and fiscal incentives and measures to support circular models, and promoting a multilevel governance approach that supports cities in deploying circular projects and initiatives.

In New Zealand, the WasteMINZ Territorial Authority Forum releases local government manifestos calling for particular central government policies. Among other things, the 2023 update of the manifesto called for increases to the waste levy, introduction of a beverage container return scheme, the ongoing implementation of product stewardship schemes, strengthened product policy that focuses on source reduction, right to repair legislation, reuse return networks, and preparation for reuse infrastructure.		24

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G14, G16, G17, G19, G27, G32, G34, G35, G44, G48, G49, G50, G54, G55)		3

(O31, O32, O39)		Rows 164-175
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Projects
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Project 1: Invest in existing RRS initiatives to develop, compile and share peer support/mentoring programmes and advisory services for new RRS initiativesPartner with/invest in local providers of existing RRS initiatives (as identified in the stocktake), and Māori zero waste/circular economy experts, to develop, compile or share peer support resources and mentoring programmes to help other organisations set up and run new RRS initiatives in community, council and commercial contexts. This could include:
- Developing How to Guides or training/workshop sessions on setting up a makerspace, a community workshop, a library of things or supporting the compilation and dissemination of existing guides (e.g. RCANZ's guidance on how to run a repair cafe).
- A programme of mentoring and ongoing advice to navigate common challenges/legal requirements with setting-up and running RRS initiatives.
- Developing shared operational or user-facing platforms/software for collaboration or data capture that all initiatives can use or hook into (e.g. Project 10 and Project 21).
- Cultural advice on establishing and running RRS initiatives that are welcoming and reflective of Te Ao Māori.
- Business forums to share best practice information about commercial RRS initiatives.

Council could also allocate budget to ensure ability to procure advice from these organisations and advisors when seeking to expand RRS initiatives in its own operations.		Local and central authorities in Belgium provide financial support to Repair&Share, an NGO that provides resources, training and workshops to support the growth and ongoing mentoring of repair and share initiatives. Examples of the resources they have created include a Tool Library Manual that provides a step-by-step guide to organising a tool library, guidance on legal obligations for running repair cafes or sharing initiatives, advice on IT support for sharing initiatives, hosting a learning network, and advisory services.

In Wales, the Welsh Government part funds Benthyg Cymru, a non-profit that supports a network of Libraries of Things across Wales. Benthyg Cymru helps local groups set up libraries to suit their own community; provides establishment and ongoing advice and support on insurance, risk, venue, PAT testing, item maintenance, borrower fees and communications; delivers training sessions and workshops; and works in partnership with local authorities and community groups to offer in-kind support to manage certain aspects of setting up or running libraries of things (e.g. project management).

Waikato Regional Council previously operated a Community Enterprise Peer Support programme, through which community resource recovery organisations (that include a focus on reuse operations), Xtreme Zero Waste and Seagull Centre, were funded to provide business support and advice to emerging community-based resource recovery organisations.		16

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G31, G37, G41, G51, G52, G53, G54)		10

(O4, O5, O13, O23, O24, O26, O27, O29, O37, O44)		Rows 149-152.

Also, 153-156; 160.
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Project 2: Utilise internal council relationships to deliver RRS initiatives through other council facilitiesWork across other Council departments to increase the provision of sharing initiatives, particularly resource hire, libraries of things and shared workshop spaces, where there is in-house capacity, space and expertise, and to embed a waste minimisation focus into existing initiatives. A good starting point could be to focus on collaborating with WCC's network of libraries to:
- expand the range of resource types that can be loaned (e.g. tools, toys, sports equipment, etc.)
- support libraries with Makerspaces to host regular repair cafe events and/or to run outreach making and repair events at other community/council-owned facilities
- provide support to community and other organisations to establish and access loaning systems and software.		In Canada, York Region’s ‘Lendaries’ are integrated into public libraries allowing residents with a valid library card to borrow tools, kitchen appliances, sports gear, etc for 14 days on a first-come, first-serve basis. This approach leverages off libraries' existing infrastructure, member base, and trusted service, while collaborations across municipalities support scaling and knowledge sharing.

In Sweden, Fritidsbanken Sverige is a nonprofit initiative operating in over 100 cities and municipalities, where residents can borrow sports and leisure equipment for free for 14 days. The majority of Fritidsbanken are run locally by the municipalities. They are recognised to promote inclusion, reduce consumption, and ensure access to physical activity for all, especially children and low-income families. As such, they are funded by municipalities, foundations, government grants and support from the Public Health Agency of Sweden.		13

(G2, G8, G10, G11, G13, G16, G17, G35, G36, G39, G44, G47, G56)		12

(O1, O3, O4, O14, O16, O17, O23, O28, O29, O33, O34, O40)		Rows 38-45.

Also: 3-10; 11-26; 68-74; 75-79; 80-82; 99-102; 176-188.
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Project 3: Work with Te Toi Mahana and other community and social housing providers to offer RRS initiatives in housingWork with Te Toi Mahana and other community and social housing providers to identify available spaces in community and social housing complexes where RRS initiatives can be established. This could include 'libraries of things', makerspaces, and repair workshops; the initiatives could be made available to both residents and the wider public. The initiatives can be supported to establish through grants for capital set-up and secure funding arrangements to ensure ongoing operational support.Wellington City Council and Te Toi Mahana have already worked together to offer BenchSpace (community woodworking organisation) a permanent workshop space in an underutilised room in Brooklyn's Central Park Apartments. Wellington City Council provided further support for BenchSpace through the provision of grants through two funds.

In Sweden, a municipal pilot project developed in collaboration with two public housing companies who provided the necessary commercial space enabled the establishment of four Fixoteks (centres for fixing, lending, swapping and recycling consumer products) within residential neighbourhoods.

In Milan, the Lab Barona repair cafe is located within a youth affordable housing project sponsored by the Lombardy Region and Municipality of Milan, “Milano 2035 – The Youth Housing Coalition”, which comprises 22 housing projects to open up access to affordable rental residences in Milan for young people, including apartments in public housing. The repair cafe is managed with the support of neighborhood associations and volunteers, equipped with repair tools, and structured to accommodate initiatives and activities based around collaborative living and the circular economy, particularly the donation, exchange, reuse, and recycling of household goods and furnishings for the benefit of residents. Recovered furniture is donated to those who request it or used to furnish social housing projects for families experiencing housing hardship. The repair cafe also has a pedal-assisted cargo bike that is used to recover donated furniture or that can be borrowed for free by anyone needing to carry out small moves or transports.		10

(G2, G6, G7, G10, G16, G17, G35, G44, G45, G47)		8

(O4, O12, O14, O16, O17, O25, O33, O34)		Rows 38-45; 176-188.

Also: 68-74; 75-79; 80-82; 161-163.
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Project 4: Establish an RRS shopping precinct, complex or 'mall' or support RRS spaces in retail centres and precinctsInvest in and/or partner to deliver a RRS shopping centre complex or precinct in the CBD with reserved retail spaces/first right of refusal for existing initiatives. Or, alternatively, partner with existing retail complexes or precincts to make spaces available for RRS initiatives. The purpose would be to provide an alternative commercial retail experience centred around RRS that is attractive to Wellington residents and businesses and is located in the places where people already shop as a visible and convenient alternative to buying new.

Council could provide a site or sites for the precinct, work with community organisations, businesses, initiatives to develop a cluster of RRS retail experiences in one vicinity/suburb, and/or work with commercial property owners who are willing to make some spaces available for RRS initiatives (this could be incentivised through offering rates rebates or other incentives for participating property owners, e.g. Projects 13 and 23).		ReTuna, in the City of Estilstuna (Sweden), is a circular shopping mall established in 2015, with 13 different stores, including clothing stores, a flower shop, a bookstore, an electronics store, and furniture stores. All items sold are made of reused and up-cycled products. ReTuna is operated by a municipality-owned company, and the municipality initially invested approximately 5 million Swedish kronor (1.4 NZD) directly and another 75 million Swedish kronor (20 million NZD) indirectly. This covered construction costs and subsidies to shop owners. The park/centre is now self-sustaining and no longer requires economic support, breaking even in 2018 and has, so far, created 50 jobs.23

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G10, G11, G12, G13, G14, G25, G27, G30, G35, G36, G38, G46, G47, G49, G52)		6

(O6, O7, O15, O20, O30, O33)		Rows 27-29.

Also: 126-134; 161-163; 176-196.
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Project 5: Partner with others to establish an RRS incubation hub / innovation lab / accelerator programme that can support both existing and future RRS initiativesExplore partnerships with existing innovation hubs or organisations in the city, such as CreativeHQ or Young Enterprise, to develop a specialised incubation/accelerator programme focused on nurturing both existing and potential RRS initiatives. The purpose of this intervention would be to create an environment to foster SMEs, NGOs and start-ups focused on RRS activities in order to increase the provision and resilience of RRS initiatives for Wellington residents and businesses, while also making RRS ideas/businesses more attractive to pursue.

Council could provide earmarked funding to a partner organisation to develop the programme, which would include wraparound support such as a shared workplace, seed-funding, business mentoring and capability development, knowledge sharing and/or intensive training programmes. A proportion of funding or spaces in the programme should be reserved for Māori-led organisations, businesses or initiatives; projects in priority areas such as product reuse services, commercial repair, equipment sharing initiatives or data gathering platforms; kaupapa-led incubator programmes that reflect the needs, priorities and cultural values of mana whenua and Māori; and/or collaborative projects. The programme should be fit-for-purpose for organisations that are action-based and not solely tech-focused start-ups.

The hub would also be well-placed to host RRS networking events and business forums for peer support, networking and knowledge sharing.

In addition to funding, Council can also play a facilitative role, inviting commercial investors and other grant makers to support the RRS initiatives emerging from the incubation, innovation and accelerator programme.		Wellington City Council provided funding support for the annual Climathon events that sparked the emergence of RRS initiatives, among others, such as reusable packaging/serviceware ideas Reusabowl and Nude Grocer, and clothing subscription service idea, Closet Collective. Climathon winners received entry into a startup entrepreneurs programme, as well as cash prizes to go towards developing and implementing the idea, two-months free office space, and more.

As part of its Sharing City programme, the Seoul Metropolitan Government created a system of designating groups and companies as 'Sharing Groups and Sharing Companies of Seoul', allowing these companies to use the 'Sharing Seoul' branding and receive grants, subsidies, and administrative support.

ReLondon's "Circular Economy Matchmaker" connects London's innovative circular businesses (many of which are RRS initiatives) with investors looking to invest in circular businesses, and with public sector organisations looking to partner with circular businesses to achieve particular outcomes. The platform lists ~150 businesses; has made ~183 introductions between circular businesses and investors, boroughs and other businesses; and has 108 public sector users and investors looking for circular solutions.

Although not focused on RRS, Auckland Council supports the digital innovation hub South Advantage Collective in South Auckland by playing a facilitation role through The Southern Initiative.		20

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G10, G14, G19, G31, G41, G44, G47, G49, G50, G51, G52, G53)		11

(O5, O8, O10, O13, O14, O15, O20, O23, O26, O27, O37)		Rows 30-37.

Also: 46-54; 64-67; 68-74; 75-79; 80-82; 83-87; 88-89; 90-95; 200-202; 203-209.
16
Project 6: Resource Māori-led research, training and collaboration into RRS opportunities in Te Ao MāoriResource mana whenua and/or Māori-led consultancies or kaupapa Māori zero waste/circular economy expert groups to work directly with marae and hapori Māori to explore RRS opportunities in these contexts (including potential collaboration opportunities with the wider RRS community). This would help build a better understanding of how to connect RRS and the priorities of Māori, and highlight opportunities to support more Māori-led RRS training, collaboration and networking initiatives that reflect Māori cultural values.

Following the research, WCC should direct resources (via the Council's Waste Minimisation Fund and other sources) towards these opportunities and priorities, including for example marae interested in hosting RRS initiatives that also align and work well with other priorities for the marae community, or kaupapa-led business mentoring, collaboration or training in RRS for Māori organisations.		Auckland Council's The Southern Initiative commissioned a 'look book' focused on building Māori and Pasifika economic resilience through the circular economy, which was the beginning of the project "creating shared prosperity through the circular economy", a Māori and Pasifika business led movement for economic transformation. The look book detailed existing Māori and Pasifikia led businesses operating in the circular economy, and a three point plan to accelerate the circular economy, focusing on Māori and Pasifika innovators and businesses. The study was not solely focused on RRS, but did include case studies in these parts of the waste hierarchy.

New Plymouth District Council has provided funding to Rautāpatu for its indigenous-led circular economy knowledge sharing events. This includes Circular Economy Masterclasses (focused on raising an awareness of circular economy principles, engaging business owners, social enterprise representatives, and local iwi members), and He Kāhui Mano, a large tribal summit for indigenous communities to explore the possibilities of a community-led, kaupapa-driven circular economy, including discussing the circular economy from an indigenous perspective, business case studies, as well as accelerator sessions.

In Australia, the Sustainable Communities and Waste Hub is a consortium of research institutions and partners across industry, government and community groups. One of the research priorities in the "Waste and Circular Economy" focus area includes research projects focused on circular economy opportunities for indigenous communities. This will include: identifying circular economy opportunities that align with indigenous knowledge and business models; supporting indigenous enterprises in accessing circular economy markets; and providing policy and funding recommendations to enhance Indigenous participation. The project intends to produce: case studies of indigenous-led circular economy initiatives; practical guidance for supporting indigenous businesses in circular economy sectors; and policy recommendations to ensure equitable participation in circular economy opportunities.		7

(G4, G10, G31, G37, G44, G45, G51)		7

(O4, O5, O13, O16, O25, O37, O41)		Rows 90-95.

Also: 135-138.
17
Project 7: Increase the visibility and availability of RRS across Wellington City by investing in mobile/touring/distributed initiatives, such as RRS events, mobile facilities and hub-and-spoke servicesCollaborate with existing and new community and commercial providers of RRS initiatives to increase RRS events, mobile facilities or hub-and-spoke services across different suburbs across the city. Some examples include:
- mobile libraries of things;
- a schedule of regular, touring repair cafes or clothes swaps held in different suburbs each week/fortnight/month;
- regular inorganic collections;
- increased drop-off points for product takeback systems, broken items for repair or donated reusable items; and
- pop-up secondhand markets/flea markets.

In addition to financial support, Council could help to coordinate the scheduling and locations of events and services to ensure provision is geographically well-distributed, that underserved products and services are prioritised, and that events are scheduled to avoid time clashes/overlaps.

The purpose of this intervention would be to increase both the visibility, and the convenience and availability of RRS initiatives across the city. Mobile, touring or hub-and-spoke services can act as outreach or awareness raising events for RRS, increase participation of various organisations in running or hosting RRS events/initiatives, enable knowledge-sharing and peer support between providers, and increase the ability of Wellingtonians to engage with RRS in their suburbs and neighbourhoods. By lifting the reach of RRS initiatives and participation in them, this intervention may also increase the impact of RRS in terms of diverting more materials from landfill.		In Canada, the York Region local government partners with community group NewMakeIt to run a schedule of repair cafes across public libraries and community spaces.

In Barcelona, Spain, the public waste agency finances a social enterprise, Solidança Treball, to operate a 'repair truck' - a mobile self-repair service that gives citizens the opportunity to learn how to fix and modify their things. The truck has regular 3 hour sessions in different places in Barcelona based on a fixed schedule; it is able to reach small municipalities on Barcelona's periphery and to participate in public fairs to reach a wider audience.		20

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G6, G8, G9, G10, G11, G12, G13, G14, G25, G27, G35, G44, G45, G46, G47, G52)		8

(O2, O4, O14, O16, O17, O23, O25, O33)		Rows 96-98; 99-102; 103-106; 107-115.

Also: 46-54; 55-57; 58-63; 68-74.
18
Project 8: Support a large-scale RRS event, such as a fair, festival or conference.Support a large-scale RRS event, such as a fair, festival or conference. The purpose would be to increase visibility, raise awareness and have an opportunity to create broader impact and engagement with a wider audience/sector of society. The event may be best scheduled to link in with other events across the country or a relevant international day, such as the national events that occur for International Repair Day. Council support could include: providing or funding the event venue; offering staff time for coordination, administrative or project management support; marketing and promotion; and funding to enable the event to be zero waste (e.g. 100% reusable).In Austria, the City of Vienna is a major sponsor and supporter of the annual Repair Festival, a three-week programme of repair-related events, workshops and exhibitions across the city.

New Plymouth District Council provided funding for a two-day tribal summit, He Kāhui Mano, for Māori communities from across the country to explore the possibilities of a community-led, kaupapa-driven circular economy. This included discussion of the circular economy from an indigenous perspective, business case studies, as well as accelerator sessions.

In Canada, the Squamish District Council supports the annual Squamish Reuse-it Fair, which enables the free exchange of household goods and large items in good condition. The District Council contracts Squamish Climate Action Network (CAN) to lead event planning and execution, logistics, and volunteer coordination. The municipality provides the venue, traffic control, waste handling and promotion. They also waive landfill tipping fees and $20,000 annually for outreach and education.		5

(G22, G25, G26, G30, G52)		2

(O18, O39)		Rows 107-115.

Also, 46-54; 55-57; 58-63.
19
Project 9: Build upon existing maps and lists to create and/or host a live online directory of Wellington RRS initiativesFund and provide access to a user-friendly live online directory/listing, plus map, of RRS services and initiatives in Wellington City on the Council website, as is currently the case for waste and recycling services.

The directory could either be hosted and maintained by the Council, or contracted to another organisation to create and maintain. It makes sense for the directory to build upon existing directories, such as the Circular Wellington map; therefore, funding or a contract could be provided to the organisations that created these existing resources to further develop and maintain them in accordance with the purpose of this project.

In addition to procuring compilation, development and maintenance of the directory, Council could also pay for the licence fee or other online hosting costs.

The purpose of the directory is to provide some promotional/marketing support to RRS initiatives by helping to connect Wellington residents and business with existing (and, as they grow, new) RRS initiatives and enabling users to easily browse and locate available services. The Directory can also be used as a way of showcasing existing RRS initiatives to investors and central government agencies in order to potentially open investment or procurement opportunities for these initiatives. There is an opportunity to put conditions in place in return for being listed, e.g. initiatives might need to demonstrate compliance with certain criteria that ensure the initiatives are delivering RRS services and/or agree to collect data that will support WCC with RRS impact measurement (e.g. Project 21).

In Canada, the Share, Reuse, Repair Hub is supported by several regional municipalities.

In Sweden, the City of Gothenburg set up a Digital Smart Map of businesses where residents can hire, borrow, share and swap various goods and services.

In the state of Minnesota (US), Hennepin County operates a Choose to Reuse website that has a searchable directory, plus map, of more than 600 locations in the county where residents can buy, sell or donate secondhand items, or access repair, rental or sharing services.

ReLondon's "Circular Economy Matchmaker", which operates as both a directory and a platform for brokering relationships, showcases London's innovative circular businesses (many of which are RRS initiatives) and connects them with each other to enable new collaboration opportunities or peer-to-peer networking, with investors wanting to investing in circular businesses, and with public sector organisations looking to partner with circular businesses to achieve particular outcomes. The platform lists ~150 businesses; has made ~183 introductions between circular businesses and investors, boroughs and other businesses; and has 108 public sector users and investors looking for circular solutions.		10

(G22, G23, G24, G25, G30, G39, G40, G44, G45, G52)		8

(O1, O11, O22, O30, O38, O40, O41, O47)		Rows 210-220.
20
Project 10: Create an online RRS resources hub with public-facing features and/or a members' portal with peer support and professional development resources for RRS operatorsInvest in the creation of an online RRS resources hub (with public-facing and members-only portals) that builds upon the directory (Project 9) and includes:
- Educational resources (videos and how-tos on RRS for residents).
- Toolkits and best practice guidance for businesses and organisations to set-up and run RRS initiatives, including peer support resources (Project 1).
- Advocacy resources or campaign materials for RRS in product stewardship, right-to-repair etc. that can be used by the public, RRS operators, other organisations, or councils (Area of Work 4).
- Professional development training resources, e.g. webinars (Projects 18 and 19).
- News stories, case studies and blogs about RRS initiatives in the city and how they relate to waste minimisation, specifically.
- RRS event listings (e.g. upcoming repair cafes, clothes swaps, networking events, secondhand sale events etc.), which would support Project 7 and Project 8.
- A data collection portal to support WCC to gather the information needed to measure and report on the impact of RRS in the city (Project 21).

The purpose of the online hub should be to operate as: a useful, practical, promotional resource for residents and businesses to learn about and engage with RRS activities; a medium for bringing together and developing the positive story/narrative of RRS in Wellington; and a location for networking, peer support, knowledge-sharing and professional development that can build the resilience of RRS initiatives in the city over time.

Funding to develop resources for the hub could be allocated to existing community and commercial RRS initiatives. The hub could either be hosted and maintained by Council, or contracted to another organisation to create and maintain. As with the Directory, it makes sense to build on resources that already exist. However, the relevance of this project would be creating a location to which existing and future resources could be uploaded, in order to increase ease of access for the community and organisations operating RRS initiatives.		Examples include Saskatchewan’s (Canada) Waste Reduction Hub, the York/Peel/Durham regions’ (Canada) Share, Reuse, Repair Hub, or the Resources PDX hub (Portland, USA) which are run by non-profits funded by the local authorities. The hubs include not only searchable directories or maps, but also educational resources such as how-to videos and guides and tips for RRS, event-listings, toolkits for businesses, blogs and news stories, and case studies of existing RRS/circular businesses.

In the state of Minnesota (US), Hennepin County operates a Choose to Reuse website that, along with its searchable directory, plus map, of RRS initiatives, also includes RRS events listings and educational resources, tools and tips for RRS.

Zero Waste Scotland (Scotland's circular economy public body) has established the Revolve Reuse Knowledge Hub, a support programme for Scotland's reuse sector, with free resources and information to support reuse businesses to meet legal obligations, webinars, networking opportunities and advice sessions across the reuse sector, auditing and external validation/certification services, and tailored training, guidance and upskilling opportunities for staff at every level of reuse businesses.		12

(G25, G26, G28, G29, G30, G39, G40, G41, G43, G52, G53, G55)		14

(O1, O10, O11, O22, O23, O26, O27, O29, O32, O39, O40, O41, O44, O47)		Rows 153-156; 221-227.

Also: 149-152; 210-220; 228-234.
21
Project 11: Offer or facilitate grants and in-kind support to RRS initiatives for marcomms, promotion and positive, place-based storytelling
Support existing providers of RRS initiatives with marketing and comms to tell the story of their initiatives in a way that is engaging and promotes the attractiveness and appeal of RRS to their target audience, and to Wellington residents and businesses more generally. Such support could include:
- grants for RRS initiatives to spend on marketing and comms;
- encouraging WellingtonNZ (Wellington Region's Economic Development Agency) to develop a project of positive storytelling about Wellington's existing circular/RRS initiatives as part of its work promoting Wellington businesses;
- in-kind promotional support, such as developing case studies about RRS initiatives to share on Council platforms (website, social media etc) or a future RRS online hub (Project 10); and/or
- working with others who are connected into the creative and arts sector to identify opportunities to involve this sector in communication, engagement, storytelling and public art projects that relate to RRS.

A proviso of such support could include an agreement to begin gathering and sharing data to support WCC to measure the impact of RRS (Project 21)
The city of Toronto developed a series of case studies to highlight small businesses and organisations in Toronto that support the circular economy, including RRS initiatives.

Squamish District Council allocates $20,000 annually to run outreach and education about the Squamish Reuse-it Fair and swap events run by Squamish Climate Action Network.		13

(G22, G25, G26, G28, G29, G30, G38, G39, G40, G41, G43, G52, G56)		8

(O1, O8, O11, O28, O39, O40, O41, O47)		Rows 228-243.

Also: 46-54; 58-63; 221-227; 238-239.
22
Project 12: Intraregional collaborative forum on RRS involving council representatives, mana whenua, resource recovery operators, businesses, non-profits, central government agencies etc.Promote intraregional collaboration between Councils, mana whenua, resource recovery operators, businesses, non-profits and central government agencies on RRS initiatives, including in existing networking and knowledge-sharing platforms, such as the Wellington Regional Waste Forum, or through establishing a new group focused on RRS.

A key focus of this collaboration could be bringing people together to share knowledge and build connections, align approaches and strategic focus on RRS across organisations and councils, coordinate advocacy, and improve methods of effective and standardised data capture and impact measurement. The group could start informally through in-person meetings held at regular intervals (e.g. 2-3 a year).		As part of its Sharing city programme, the Seoul Metropolitan Government collaborates with the local governments of the 25 autonomous districts of Seoul to promote and expand sharing initiatives, and also organised a public-private governance model to implement its Sharing City programme.

ReLondon is a partnership of the Mayor of London and London's boroughs to improve waste and resource management in the city and accelerate the transition to a circular economy. Among many activities, ReLondon coordinates a range of local authorities networks and working groups related to the circular economy, supporting the 32 boroughs of London to work together to advance circularity initiatives, many of which relate to RRS.		11

(G24, G28, G29, G39, G40, G41, G43, G51, G62, G53, G55)		15

(O1, O2, O12, O26, O27, O28, O29, O30, O31, O32, O33, O35, O40, O44, O45)		Rows 157-159; 160; 161-163.
23
Project 13: A Waiver and subsidy scheme for Council fees for accredited RRS initiatives and landlords that support themImplement a Waiver and Subsidy Scheme for accredited RRS initiatives or landlords that support them. Under this scheme, participating organisations would receive either full waivers or reductions in fees that sit within the purview of Council. This could include rates rebates, reduced landfill fees for residual waste that arises unavoidably from RRS activities (e.g. stripped components, unrepairable items or unsaleable donated goods), or reduced permitting costs for spaces used for RRS initiatives. The Council could allocate a dedicated annual budget to cover the waived fees or subsidies. Similarly, landlords that make commercial premises available to RRS initiatives could be offered rates rebates or remissions.

Accrediting as an RRS initiative could be a precondition of eligibility for this waiver, and accreditation could require compliance with data reporting requirements. This would support WCC to improve data collection and impact measurement of RRS initiatives (Project 21), and to maintain the live online directory (Project 9).		San Francisco and Washington DC offered free or discounted carparking to carshare operators.

In the UK, many local authorities will offer landlords relief on vacant business property rates if the landlords offer their commercial property to a non-profit or charity (rent-free) while it is unoccupied, via schemes such as Astop that are accepted by local authorities. NB this is available for any non-profit or charity and is not limited to RRS initiatives.		15

(G16, G17, G20, G21, G24, G27, G34, G39, G40, G41, G44, G46, G47, G48, G52)		9

(O1, O4, O8, O20, O33, O38, O44, O45, O47)		Rows 126-134.

Also: 189-196; 238-239.
24
Project 14: Introduce a Repair Voucher Scheme to subsidise residents' costs to repairIntroduce a Repair Voucher Scheme, under which residents can access Council-funded vouchers that cover a proportion of the price of repairing items at accredited local repair businesses. By subsidising consumer demand while simultaneously channelling those resources to organisations already delivering repair services, the Council would create a self-reinforcing ecosystem that helps successful initiatives survive and scale, while making repair more affordable and accessible for Wellingtonians. Having an accreditation process for businesses to accept vouchers would help with upkeep of the live directory (Project 9). It could also incentivise improved repair performance, data keeping, impact measurement and project monitoring and evaluation if accreditation required some data gathering similar to the Restarters platform (Project 21).Repair voucher schemes have been implemented in several towns, cities and/or states in Austria, Germany and the UK, including Graz (Austria), Vienna (Austria), Aschaffenburg (Germany), Starnberg (Germany), Thuringia (Germany), Saxony (Germany) and North London (UK). The size of the subsidy and the eligible products varies. They generally cover up to a certain maximum value (e.g. 100 euros), or 50% of the price. Each year, customers might be able to access unlimited vouchers, or up to a fixed number. The budget allocation to fund the scheme also varies, ranging from 5,000 euros a year (Starnberg, Germany) to 250,000 euros a year (Vienna, Austria). Under most systems, vouchers are issued until the allocation runs out. Items covered can include household items, including or excluding electrical appliances or electronics. In Vienna (Austria), businesses must join the Repair Network Vienna to be able to accept vouchers. To join the network they need to demonstrate they match three criteria: at least 50% of the workplace positions in the business are dedicated to repair; repair services are offered for at least three different brands; the maximum cost for a repair estimate in the workshop is €60. In North London, the repair voucher scheme was implemented as a 6-month pilot programme to test the concept and assess impact.15

(G1, G6, G17, G18, G19, G21, H23, G24, G27, G34, G35, G40, G44, G45, G48)		8

(O8, O15, O16, O19, O38, O40, O44, O47)		Rows 116-125.

Also, 238-239.
25
Project 15: Partner with local businesses and organisations offering RRS initiatives to deliver a Reuse, Repair Share Coupon bookPartner with local businesses and organisations offering RRS initiatives to establish a Wellington Reuse, Repair Share Book - a book of coupon discounts and offers for RRS services across the Wellington Region (along the lines of the Entertainment Book) - and provide funding to subsidise the coupons.

To be included in the book, initiatives would need to be accredited RRS initiatives and agree to data collection and sharing to support with WCC's impact measurement and reporting.

The purpose of the book would be to promote RRS initiatives while also subsidising and incentivising Wellingtonians to participate in them.		Over several years, Hennepin County in Minnesota partnered with local businesses and organisations with RRS services to create and distribute free Choose to Reuse coupon books that offered discounts and deals for rental, repair, resale, consignment and used goods exchange across the local area. The coupon books were available for online download, on a smartphone app, or for residents to pick up at participating retail locations, county service centres and county libraries, and coupons remained valid for a period of time (~2 months).18

(G16, G17, G20, G21, G23, G24, G25, G27, G28, G30, G35, G39, G40, G41, G44, G45, G48, G52)		11

(O1, O8, O14, O15, O16, O19, O38, O39, O40, O44, O47)		Rows 116-125.

Also, 238-239.

26
Project 16: RRS criteria in Council procurement policies, tenders and contractsUpdate WCC procurement policies to ensure RRS options are prioritised when procuring goods and services for Council.

When issuing tenders and contracts, ensure these include RRS expectations, especially tenders and contracts for resource recovery and waste management services.

Share learnings from implementing these policies in sustainable procurement guidelines or in advice for businesses and other organisations to consider for their own procurement policies (including central government, given they are such a large employer and spender in Wellington City).

The purpose of this intervention would be to normalise RRS across Council departments and the wider Wellington economy, while also investing in the growth and resilience of RRS by directing Council's considerable purchasing power towards organisations that offer these services.		The cities of Helsinki (Finland) and Malmo (Sweden) have incorporated reuse and repair into their procurement policies for office and public furniture, and IT (in the case of Malmo), which have driven changes in manufacturing practices and services.

In Brussels (Belgium), the city's decision to adopt reusable nappies in all municipal-run creches led to a tender and public service contract for the delivery of a reusable nappy service. The Brussels-based company to which the contract was awarded has considerably upscaled to deliver the contract.

In Scotland, the Reuse Consortium, a network of over 170 charities and social enterprises that operate in RRS activities, offer high-quality reused furniture and white goods to Scottish local authorities. The Consortium enables Housing Associations, Local Authorities, and public bodies to buy directly from certified reuse providers without needing to go through lengthy tendering processes. All products meet strict safety and quality standards and are compliant with the Scotland Excel Domestic Furniture Framework Contract. In 2019, the Consortium reached the milestone of over £1 million of public spending on reused furniture with social enterprises.

Other city local authorities with procurement strategies that include references to reuse, repair and/or share or the top of the waste hierarchy are Bendigo (Australia) and Auckland (New Zealand).		19

(G1, G2, G3, G5, G6, G8, G9, G14, G16, G17, G20, G21, G27, G32, G44, G48, G49, G52, G56)		10

(O2, O6, O8, O12, O20, O21, O22, O24, O28, O32)		Rows 139-148
27
Project 17: Facilitate and support the establishment of a professional association for RRS organisationsPartner with existing providers of RRS initiatives, polytechnic vocational training institutes and relevant university departments to explore the possibility of a professional association for RRS organisations (e.g. remanufacturers).

The purpose of such an association is the role it can play in awareness-raising and facilitation of RRS initiatives, and supporting the ongoing development and formalisation of the sector through professional development training, accreditations, auditing, support services etc.

Council can support by bringing relevant stakeholders together to explore the possibility of such an association, outlining its role and value, supporting with identifying and brokering potential co-funders (as well as offering co-funding) to get it off the ground, and providing ongoing practical, financial and in-kind support, where needed.		Zero Waste Scotland (Scotland's circular economy public body), partnered with the University of Strathclyde and the Scottish Funding Council to create and offer ongoing funding for a Scottish Institute for Remanufacturing (SIR). The Institute is hosted at the University and funded by the Scottish Funding Council and Zero Waste Scotland. The SIR acts as an innovative hub of expertise, stimulating and supporting the remanufacturing community in Scotland by connecting companies with academia to find sustainable and effective solutions to manufacturing problems through product remanufacture, reconditioning, repair and reuse. It also offers remanufacturers funding opportunities, education and training, and a central hub of knowledge and expertise to allow business to develop and sustain remanufacturing business models. The Institute has helped many companies implement new business models, product design and manufacturing processes that have resulted in improved product performance and longevity, and reduced environmental impact and production costs. SIR also provides training and Continued Professional Development and undertakes research to ensure remanufacturing techniques evolve in line with advances within traditional manufacturing.

In France, the Chambers of Trade and Crafts, with the support of ADEME (National Agency for Environment), created the Répar'acteurs network of repairers and makers in circular economy and waste management. It currently has 4500+ certified members. New members must complete a free training course and sign a sustainable commitment charter, and receive a physical and digital communication kit. The network mobilises repairers, promotes the know-how of companies, facilitates contact with consumers, organises events dedicated to sustainable development, sets up local clubs of repairers and has a dedicated website that allows citizens to find nearby repair services.		9

(G18, G19, G30, G39, G40, G41, G43, G52, G53)		8

(O1, O10, O23, O26, O27, O36, O44, O47)		Rows 153-156.

Also, 149-152; 203-209.
28
Project 18: Partner with training institutes, RRS initiatives and professional associations and sector bodies to develop and offer industry training programmes and apprenticeshipsPartner with existing providers of RRS initiatives, polytechnic vocational training institutes, wānanga, relevant university departments, professional associations, sector bodies, and national umbrella organisations for RRS or resource recovery activities, to curate and develop courses or accreditations focused on relevant skills for RRS, including electrical repair skills, artisanal and furniture repair/repurposing skills, tailoring and mending, or reuse activities. Ensure kaupapa Māori-led institutes and programmes are included. Broker collaboration to support existing RRS initiatives to offer apprenticeships and formalised training, professional development programmes and career progression opportunities in these initiatives and future initiatives.

In addition, work to ensure that all new RRS initiatives (including those at resource recovery sites), and any RRS initiatives that Council funds, receive relevant training and/or are required to consider how they will incorporate training and vocational pathways or offer professional development opportunities for others in the sector.

Over time, Council can offer support to coordinate the various training and development opportunities emerging across multiple initiatives with a view to supporting the development of standardised training courses, which would ensure both consistency and cost savings.		Auckland Council's The Southern Initiative has funded a bike mechanic training pilot, which is a 12-week programme combining classroom learning, hands-on mechanic experience, and wraparound pastoral care. The programme is delivered in partnership with a community bike organisation (Triple Teez) and NZ Bicycle Training Academy. The project objectives include growing the number of skilled local bike mechanics in the community, aligning training with industry standards and creating pathways to jobs in the bike sector.

The Province of Flemish Brabant funded NGO Repair&Share to create and run the SPARK project, a comprehensive electrical repair training program tailored to the needs of targeted employees. The programme is developed and delivered in collaboration with training providers and supported by educational materials and professional tools to ensure accessible and practical learning pathways. The project was inspired by the shortage of dedicated repair employees in Flanders' reuse and repair centres and a lack of specific, customised training or guidance in the mainstream sector.

The Renew Hub in Manchester, England (a partnership between a resource recovery operator, and regional and local authorities) houses units focused on repairing and upcycling items. These units are run in partnership with qualified organisations who train apprentices and volunteers.		11

(G1, G3, G6, G8, G18, G19, G31, G34, G51, G52, G54)		10

(O1, O2, O5, O10, O13, O23, O24, O27, O36, O37)		Rows 197-199; 200-202; 203-209.
29
Project 19: Fund/subsidise public skills and compliance workshops and professional development trainingFund workshops/training for both public and professional audiences that focus on building relevant skills to support repair and reuse activities. Funding would cover the development and delivery of the workshops, as well as subsidised attendance. The workshops/training could either be targeted at increasing the general skills of the public, or be focused on professional development and compliance resources, such as training courses and webinars. Ensure kaupapa Māori providers of workshops are included.The city of Amsterdam subsidises residents 50% of the cost of courses to learn how to repair appliances.

Zero Waste Scotland (Scotland's circular economy public body) has established the Revolve Reuse Knowledge Hub that, among other things, provides tailored training, guidance and upskilling opportunities for staff at every level of reuse businesses. The hub also includes resources and information to support reuse businesses to meet legal obligations, webinars, networking opportunities and advice sessions, and auditing and external validation/certification services.		8

(G18, G19, G31, G34, G51, G52, G53, G54)		11

(O1, O2, O4, O5, O10, O13, O23, O24, O26, O36, O37) 		Rows 200-202.

Also, 153-156; 197-199; 203-209.
30
Project 20: Expand waste-to-landfill audits and work towards monitoring RRS activity in Wellington City as part of Council's waste minimisation data capture and reportingExpand WCC's data capture and reporting on waste generation and minimisation to enable future monitoring and reporting on RRS activities in Wellington City and assessment of their waste reduction impact, e.g. in Waste Assessments and SWAPs. Among other things, this would include:
- audits that measure waste-to-landfill in Wellington City based on product categories, not just material types;
- establishing some agreed indicators/monitoring tools and processes to ensure ongoing measurement of the prevalence, availability, growth and impact of different types of RRS activities in the city; and
- working towards using these indicators alongside some more in-depth analytical methodologies to measure the impact of the city's existing RRS sectors (including social, environmental and economic outcomes).

Setting a range of SMART targets and monitoring tools related to RRS would drive accurate data collection and measurement. Working towards including such targets in the next regional WMMP would also support a regional approach towards tracking and reporting on RRS.		The Interreg Central Europe NiCE project (From Niche to Centre - City Centres as Places of Circular Lifestyles) circular lifestyle monitor tool for cities compiles indicators from several pre-existing monitoring frameworks for tracking the progress and impact of the circular economy (including city/municipality circular economy plans or strategies). Of these indicators, 39 are dedicated to "Reuse, Repair and Share". NiCE suggests that municipal departments use this monitor tool as a guide for target-setting and evaluating progress towards the implementation of the circular economy.

In Australia, the state governments of New South Wales, Tasmania and South Australia have all used the National Reuse Measurement Guidelines developed by NGO Charitable Reuse Australia, Monash University and Sydney University to measure and report on the environmental, economic and social impacts of reuse activities in their states.

The Flanders region in Belgium has a reuse target of 7kg of material per capita and an employment target of 3000 FTEs in the reuse sector. These targets have driven data capture and measurement.		7

(G28, G29, G29, G40, G41, G42, G43) 		7

(O28, O31, O40, O41, O43, O44, O45)		Rows 235-237.

Also: 164-175.
31
Project 21: Co-design a user-friendly platform for RRS initiatives to share standardised data pointsPartner with an external organisation to establish a simple Reuse, Repair and Share Data Platform that would enable RRS initiatives to input some key standard data points that Council could later use as a basis for impact measurement, e.g. number and type of items loaned, repaired or sold per month, number of FTEs, number of transactions.

The platform and selection of key data points could be co-designed with organisations that have already developed RRS measurement tools (e.g. Restarters, MyTurn, Charitable Reuse Australia, DonateNYC etc), existing providers of RRS initiatives in WCC, other territorial authorities across the region, and/or existing environmental certification programmes (see Project 22).

The purpose of this shared platform would be to create a simple interface that reduces the reporting burden on small operators, but enables consistent gathering of a small number of standardised data points across RRS initiatives to support WCC with accurate evaluation of current and future RRS activities. Council could then analyse the aggregated data to inform policy, measure progress against waste minimisation targets, and showcase the social and environmental value of RRS.

In order to facilitate participation by RRS initiatives to input data, Council should provide training, technical support and a helpdesk to build capacity. Organisations can be incentivised to participate if doing so is a condition of Council funding or partnership, or if grants/funding is made available to facilitate participation.		The Department of Sanitation in the City of New York provides analytical support to the City’s reuse sector. This includes both the collection and analysis of data on the size, distribution and capacity of the materials used by organisations in the City.9

(G28, G29, G39, G40, G41, G43, G52, G53, G55)		8

(O1, O31, O40, O41, O44, O45, O46, O47)		Rows 235-237; 238-239.

Also 153-156.
32
Project 22: Work with existing environmental certification programmes to develop and trial waste avoidance data capture and analysis methodologiesCouncil could investigate the possibility of working with existing environmental certifications e.g., Toitū, B Corp, CoGo, to develop a data collection and analysis method for businesses and organisations to report on the waste avoidance and reduction impact of RRS business models. The resulting method could then be trialled with a cluster of businesses/organisations currently reporting for these certifications (or businesses that are part of an incubation and innovation hub, see Project 5). If the trial is successful, this would encourage certification schemes to include it as a routine part of their reporting framework, which would greatly increase impact and consistency of RRS reporting beyond the initial organisations in the trial, and also beyond Wellington City.None identified.6

(G28, G39, G40, G41, G52, G53)		7

(O1, O5, O40, O44, O45, O46, O47)		Rows 235-237; 238-239.

Also: 30-37; 161-163.
33
Project 23: Invest in a collaborative RRS Development Project that brokers internal and external council relationships in order to connect RRS initiatives with each other to share assets and resources, and with other organisations willing to offer available spaces or in-kind support for logistics Invest in a 'RRS city development project' focused on networking and collaboration to connect RRS initiatives with each other, to share assets and resources, to identify commercial partners with available spaces or other resources that could be shared with RRS initiatives, and/or to broker public-private partnerships to facilitate these arrangements.

The Council should seek to include existing initiatives with expertise in this area, such as Urban Dream Brokerage that connects the creative and arts sector (including those with a reuse and repair focus) with available commercial premises in Wellington City.

This project could include:
- Identifying appropriate premises available across the city (suburbs, central city etc.) where RRS spokes for existing initiatives could be established (collection points, warehousing of bulky products etc.), or where specific initiatives (e.g. repair initiatives, tool libraries, spare parts warehousing, product reuse systems) could be set up.
- Identifying opportunities to connect RRS initiatives with owners of premises, or with commercial organisations interested in supporting RRS initiatives with logistics, freight, warehousing or similar.
- Identifying potential premises for an RRS incubation and innovation hub (Project 5).
- Exploring the potential to include an RRS retail complex or precinct in redevelopment projects or particular suburbs, or RRS spaces in existing retail locations and precincts (Project 4).
- Identifying opportunities for RRS initiatives to access or share items like vehicles, specialised tools and equipment, commercial kitchens or other workshop spaces with each other, or from commercial partners.

By involving a range of commercial, non-profit and council facilities in the co-design of the development project, the Council can generate buy-in for the project, as well as facilitating the brokering of relationships and arrangements that meet the needs of the RRS initiatives and match them to the premises or services available. 		The cities of Toronto and Seoul both have public-private collaborative models for implementing their Reduce & Reuse Programs and their Sharing City programme, respectively. The Toronto model includes collaboration with multi-residential buildings and community hubs to create space for initiatives.

In Canada, the City of Vancouver connected The Thingery (a social enterprise that designs, installs and services equipment lending libraries in modified storage spaces) with a developer building a high-rise multi-family development in order to establish there and be available to the 1,800 residents. The SRRI Action Guide states that a key takeaway of this example is that "Local governments can help incubate Thingeries by providing introductions to developers seeking sustainable community amenities and by considering their inclusion in community plans, particularly those involving multi-family developments, as a way to support waste reduction, circular economy, and affordability." (2025, p.26).		21

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G12, G13, G14, G25, G34, G46, G47, G49, G52, G53, G55)		13

(O1, O2, O3, O4, O5, O6, O7, O14, O17, O25, O30, O33, O34)		Rows 160; 161-163; 176-188.

Also: 3-10; 11-26; 27-29; 30-37; 38-45; 58-63; 157-159.
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Project 24: Explore regulatory and other levers Council can use to make suitable Council property available to RRS initiatives, or to incentivise developers and other commercial landlords to make space for RRS initiativesExplore ways that Council can make its own property, as well as property held by CCOs, available to RRS initiatives to use for free or a peppercorn rental, either temporarily or for a long-term period.

Council could also make space in its control available for RRS initiatives by planning for product takeback logistics services/drop-off/pick-up points in new resource recovery network sites, other council-controlled locations or other appropriate facilities.

Council could also experiment with its ability to use planning, permitting and financial mechanisms to incentivise landlords with commercial premises to make these premises available to RRS projects when vacant (e.g. Project 13) or to set aside permanent space for RRS initiatives as part of the conditions in development contracts.

This intervention could be standalone or one part of a broader RRS Development Project (Project 23).		In the UK, many local authorities will offer landlords relief on vacant business property rates if the landlords offer their commercial property to a non-profit or charity (rent-free) while it is unoccupied, via schemes such as Astop that are accepted by local authorities. NB this is available for any non-profit or charity and is not limited to RRS initiatives.

Queenstown Lakes District Council has provided the land for the social enterprise, Wastebusters, in Wānaka, to operate its community resource recovery centre (including a reuse shop and various other RRS activities) for a long-term lease (35 years) at a peppercorn rental. In 2025, the Council also signed a letter of intent to provide Wastebusters with access to additional land through the existing lease so that Wastebusters can expand its site and services to become a next generation circular economy hub. Among other things, the expanded site will enable increased reuse operations, a construction and demolition hub, increased sharing economy activities, such as a tool library, as well as a permanent repair workshop facility.		21

(G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G12, G13, G14, G25, G34, G46, G47, G49, G52, G55, G56)		15

(O1, O2, O3, O4, O5, O6, O7, O14, O17, O20, O21, O28, O30, O33, O34)		Rows 189-196.

Also: 126-134.
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