ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZAAAB
1
FileCall numberMap titlePrimary locationSource Author/CreatorPublisher/PlaceDateSea AnimalsFantastic AnimalsLand AnimalsShips/transportPeople: Native American/CaribbeanPeople: African OriginPeople: European OriginPeople: Other/UnclearHarborsFloraBuildingsNotes/Questions
2
C-8210Shelf Et647 1 Ms.This plott representeth the forme of three hundred acres of Land part of a Plantation called the Fort Plantation of which 300 acres Cap. Thos. Middleton of London hath purchased ...BarbadosJohn HapcottBlack, J. D. "A Study of the Barbados map from Hopcott's [sic] survey' in R.B. Arkway, Catalogue XII, p. 7 , England1646One flagship in the harbor, indicated as English by the flag.The land is covered in trees, also a plot of fallen land is indicated by labelling and illustrated tree stumps. There is an old church, as well as the neighboring plantation. "potato piece" of land; gulleys noted; denser trees in the interior
3
03547-2 D657 L726t / 1-SIZE A topographicall [Description and] Admeasurement [of the yland of] Barbados in t[he West Indyaes] with the Mrs. [Names of the Seuerall plantacons] Barbados Ligon, Richard [Humphrey Moseley] 1657Two sea monsters, one with the face of a cat, the other more dragonlike. camels; donkeys; pigs; cowsFour flagships flying a tricolor"Saly Mingoe" a native figure pictured with a crown and a bow. He is pictured with a canoe and the text "His canoe is 35 feet long" There are two runaways being chased by a slavecatcher. In the top center, there is another enslaved person of African origin minding a camel. There is a slavecatcher, a donkey minder, and a camel-handler in European dress. Extreme detail to what person/family claimed plantation space along the coast.Two persons in European clothes riding horses in the top right. In the bottom left, two horseback riders of indeterminate race wearing metal medieval armor with feathered plooms in the helmets. Bridgetown portrayed with many cannons; trees appear across areas not partitioned into plantations (and mountains); notably, no partitions of plantations depicted in northeast, where maroons and drawn being chased by men on horsebackAlmost all buildings are labelled- individual dwellings. It seems strange that we haven't seen features on a map like this for 50 years. It is much m ore similar to the older Spanish exporation maps. Connect this map to the previous plantation map near "Hole" Barbados, and bordering the Wright plantation (near sea monster on left). (See also #54)
4
01903-1 E674 R311d (copy 1) Description Topographïque et mesure de LIsle [sic] des Barbades aux Indes Occidentalles avec les Noms de ceux a qui appartienent les habitations BarbadosNA - Compiled and edited by Henri Justel. This map is part of a translation of Richard Ligon's original A true & exact history of the island of Barbados, London, 1657. See 03547-2. [Louïs Billaine] 1674possibly cows being herded near the shorePart of a translation of Ligon (see 42). All "thick" images removed from Ligon with nothing else updated (e.g. exact same settlements in same places, just drawings of activity removed.) 10k acres belong to merchants of Ligon stay. But then Salymingoe is removed, replaced with a mountain, and yet description of his canoe is still there TF?
5
8189-32 Cabinet Blathwayt 32 A New Map of the Island of Barbadoes wherein every Parish, Plantation, Watermill, Windmill & Cattlemill, is described ... BarbadosRichard Ford, a Quaker, whose religious principles caused him to omit the names of many forts and to avoid the word, "church."Sold by Mr. Overton at the White Horse without Newgate Mr. Morden at the Atlas in Cornhill Mr. Berry at the Globe at Charing Cross And Mr. Pask at ye Stationers Arms & Inkbottle on the North Side the Royal Exchange 1675A seamonster in the north with a head like a T-Rex and a serpentine tail, and then another seamonster to the West of the island with a fish front and serpentine tail. Then below that, a sea serpent. The Southwest has another seamonster with the head of a whale (and the telltale spout), but a serpentine tail. The Southeast has another sea serpent. the key of the map emphasizes "the grinding of sugar canes" and valuation that signified European profit; those spaces were sites of destruction and pulverization for slaves, and this mapping does not reflect that meaningforests (depicted by tree clusters) and mountains dot the landscape in detailed rangesgreat attention to locations of individual plantations, demarcated by structures on the map; windmills are clearly marked across the island in abundance. The purpose of the map is to show these cane-producing structures and who they belong to- each mill is marked. There is a key that depicts symbols for a windmill, watermill, cattlemill. This key may be suggestive of similar symbols in previous maps. The key says all of these are used in sugar production- indicating presence of cane. IBT: emphasizes production and de-emphasizes exchange (in highlighting ingenios, ports used to be priority).
6
10796-5 Z Z1 / 1 / 3-SIZE A new map of the island of Barbadoes ... BarbadosProbably derived from Richard Ford, A New Map of the Island of Barbadoes, see Blathwayt atlas (8189-32).By Phillip Lea at ye Atlas & Hercules in ye Poultry ... and by Iohn Sellers ... 1676Some type of large fish-type creature with a spout in the bottom left, like from the map before.Sea monster (same as from the map this was copied from) with TRex head and serpentine body at the top. Another sea snake at the southeast. Several ships, same as the map before it.Some mythological figures in European dress lounging around the insert, which contains a description of Barbados heavy on the commodities the island has to offer. This map looks like a copy of the other Barbados maps, but the plants on this one are much more realistic. Realistic rendition of crops that would have grown in Barbados are depicted, and also labelled: pineapple, indian corn, cabbage tree (palm tree?), tobacco, sugar cane, pawpaw tree, among others. detailed inset for "Bridge Toun" (Bridgetown) and its layout, added from earlier map to the left of the island; like the copied map, it has extensive markings of mills with the types listed in the top/right keyIBT: Some new thick info added from map that was copied (see Flora, and also cf. #57 New Map). Speights Toun also added (upper right corner by Wait, Hoskins), not on #57. Includes several other similar detail boxes of specific places not detailed on #57. Top left copyright details removed from old map (#57) and not filled in.
7
32315Cabinet Jb626 NoR646Mappa Aestivarum Insularum alian Bermudas dictarum ... A Mapp of the Sommer Ilands once called the Bermudas ...BermudaAbraham GoosAre to be sold by George Humble in Popes-head Alley against the Exchainge , London1626There is a cluster of buildings to represent the main town, but also, each bit of land is parcelled out with an owner, and the houses on the plots appear to be representations of the actual homestead of each lot. Also, fortresses and cannons are mapped out.Refers to groups of European-descended people living there as "tribes" and each tribe is parcelled out into individual allotments.
8
35433-000Cabinet Jb630 /1Mappa Aestivarum Insularum, alias Barmudas dictarumBermudaBowen, Emanuel, d. 1767 Guiljelm. Blaeuw excudit, Amsterdam1630
9
35432-000Cabinet Jb636 /1Mappa Aestivarum Insularum alias Bermudas dictarum ad ostia Mexicani aestuarij iacentium in latitudine graduum 32: minutorum 25 ab Anglia, Londino scilicet versus libonotum 3300 miliaribus anglicanis et a Roanoack (qui locus est in Virginia) versus euro-notum 500 mil. accurate descr.BermudaHondius, Hendrik, 1597-1651 H. Hondius and J. Johnson, Amsterdam1636The map key contains some mythological European figures.
10
35431-000
Cabinet Jb671 /1 Mappa Aestivarum Insularum alias Bermudas dictarum ad ostia Mexicani aestuarij iacentium in latitudine graduum 32: minutorum 25 ab Anglia, Londino scilicet versus libonotum 3300 miliaribus anglicanis et a Roanoack (qui locus est in Virginia) versus euro-notum 500 mil. accurate descr. BermudaNALondon1671Two people depicted with dark skin and feather headdresses in the bottom right hand corner, though Bermuda never had native presence. A selection of mythological European figures (Poseidon, mer-people, etc.) but also in the bottom right corner two Englishmen, behind them an army of Europeans with spears.
11
8189-24 Cabinet Blathwayt 24Mapp or Description of Sommer Islands Sometime called Bermudas Lying in the West Indies ... BermudaRichard Norwood, Thomas Clarke (see Cartobibliographic notes)London1678increase in structures/agriculture across the island; increased population hinted; greater occupation of minor islandsVery similar to the map it was based on. Removed are teh surrounding areas and the key. Added are more settlements, more definition on the islands, and the allotments. The land looks more cultivated. Inlets, coast, minor islands appear in much greater detail
12
0232-1H511 A587o / 1-SIZE[Map of the Caribbean]CaribbeanAnghiera, Pietro Martire d', 1457-1526[Jacobu[m] Crumberger], Seville1511No human presence noted - declined to depict known indigenous civilizations on the land - fixation with coasts/inlets - deliberatly empty map, i.e., tabula rasa? 1511 circumCaribbean rebellions: Hatuey, Aguebana II, Carib support.
13
03361-014H528 B729l[Map of the Caribbean islands]CaribbeanBordon, Benedetto, 1450-1530per Nicolo d'Aristotile, detto Zoppino, Venice1528Trees and shrubs3 buildings, appear to be churches3 buildings near "Chanchiche", appears to be modern Nicaragua/Honduras, maybe a distorted Panama.
14
03361-018H528 B729l[Map of Caribbean islands]CaribbeanBordon, Benedetto, 1450-1530per Nicolo d'Aristotile, detto Zoppino, Venice1528Leeward islands are depicted as empty spaces though they were indigenous strongholds at the time. "Buchima" = ?
15
67-485-1Codex Z 5 / 1-SIZE[Map of the Caribbean]CaribbeanO'Doria, Hercules, fl. 1586-1592?, Marseilles1592decorative lion facesSome soundings noted, Portuguese and Spanish flags marking claims of possession, nothing else of apparent interest.
16
09887-2J590 B915v GVL4.1 / 2-SIZEOccidentalis Americae partis ...Caribbean?[Johann Feyerabend, Theodor de Bry] Frankfurt am Main1594four large flying fish appear in the right side of the mapThere is a giant fish-type creature in the Gulf of Mexico. It has a spout/blowhole like a whale, whiskers like a catfish, and fins like a flying fish. There is also a sea monster that has the head of a badger/bear and clawed paws, but the serpentile tail of other sea monsters. In the decorative title, there are cherubs. In the decorative title, there are lion heads as well as two colorful parrots perched on top. Under the coat of arms is hanging a dead ram. A wide variety of European style ships are in the waters. Most are galleon/carrack type ships, but a few are hybrid vessels that have both sails as well as oars. One of the hybrid ships is firing a cannon, but there doesn't appear to be a target. In the decorative title, there appear to be indigenous faces, they contrast with the distinctly European faces of the cherubs above. The Indigenous faces have green and red headpieces/crowns, but also white veils. The term "Calos" in southern Florida likely denotes the lands of the Calusa people. There are an assortment of fruits and flowers as decoration placed around. Trees and mountainous regions seem to depict the lack of Spanish control in the interior of the two continents in particular. Spanish settlements represented with red fortifications; term "Hayti Sive Spaniola" used in Santo Domingo (interesting usage, especially this late)island in south of Lessers: Cubacheira (?). I remember a "Bacheira" from a previous map, too. Also Cibucheira for St. Croix. - IBT. Note also Ysabella and Isabella settlements in north of Cuba and Hispaniola, respectively (saw Isabella before in maps of Hispaniola). About the map: https://www.geographicus.com/P/AntiqueMap/Florida-debry-1591. Note depiction of Guanahani (1492 first stop), speculative. Note "Caribana" region in southeast of map, without noted colonial settlements.
17
01644-015B598 A185g /1-SIZEResiduum continentis cum adiacentibus insulusCaribbeanAcosta, José de, 1540-1600Bey Johann Christoffel, auff S. Marcellenstrass.1598rivers clearly marked in orderSan Juan PR clearly marked as a fortified harbor and city, more clearly marked than others"Caribana" again in southern Guyanas. "Aldea de Caribes" (Carib village) just southeast of Cubagua on mainland. See also "Caribes" just south of Margarita island.
18
02303-002F625 L158nDe groote ende kleyne eylanden van West-IndienCaribbeanLaet, Joannes de, 1581-1649In de druckerye van Isaack Elzevier, Leiden1625Hills and some nautical features are mapped. Coro is mapped- a maroon community.
19
01880-1D655 G155n / 1-SIZEThe Ylandes of the West IndiesCaribbeanGage, Thomas, 1603?-1656[E. Cotes] London1655A copy of the Blauw map.
20
C-0160-000Cabinet Ej656 SaNLes Isles Antilles &c. entre lesquelles sont les Lvcayes, et les Caribes Par N. Sanson d'Abbeville geogr. ordre. du RoyCaribbeanSanson, Nicolas, 1600-1667 & Somer, JeanChez Pierre Mariette, Rue S. Iaque a l'Esperance, avec privilege du Roy , Paris1656Decorative shrubbery in the title box.Lack of buildings- the settlements are no longer represented by buildings. far greater detail of coasts than earlier maps; much less emphasis on thick mapping of people/buildings/trees; towns denoted by dots and names, less buildings and forts. - CY + No mention of who controls what islands, neither which empire nor indigenous groups (no more indication of "Caribana," etc., nor indication of St. L, Dominica, St. Vincent, and MarieGalante being Carib. - IBT
21
8189-25 Cabinet Blathwayt 25 A Chart of the Caribe Islands CaribbeanJohn Seller By Iohn Seller Hydrographer to the King at the Hermitage stares in Wapping and in Exchange alley in Cornhill 1675a type of whale perhaps near the middle, though the tail is quite serpentine still.A few well-drawn ships dot the seascape. map depicts imperial claims/holdings in varied color schemes; little thick mapping involvedSt. Christopher has anchorages marked. Dominica and St. Vincent labeled English incorrectly. Same with Redonda, Desiderada, Sombrero. Note I. de Caribes on Spanish mainland Guyanas. Note green Tobago, New Flushing. - IBT
22
03849-2 Z R733 1676 / 3-SIZE Generaele Kaert van West Indien vande Linie Aequinoctiael tot Benoorde Terra Neuf. CaribbeanRoggeveen, Arent, d. 1679 [Pieter Goos] - Amsterdam1676There is an emu (??), a stag with horns being wrestled to the ground, a few birds, a wild Turkey in the title insert. There are three dark skinned figures with Native type garb. Both hold bows and arrows, and wear feather headresses similar to the Native peoples of North America. Mostly only coastal locations are mapped. The interior is vast and largely unmarked.
23
12412-064E683 M253dIsles CaribesCaribbeanManesson-Mallet, Allain, 1630?-1706?Chez Denys Thierry, ruë S. Jacques, à l'enseigne de la ville de Paris, devant la ruë de Plâtre, Paris1683The ships are at battle, signifying the times of peak island rivalries.
24
0801-4D685 C952eThe Caribee IslandsCaribbeanR.B., 1632?-1725?Nath. Crouch, London1685Includes manatee with its calf and many kinds of fish such as swordfish, flying fish, and "sea unicorn" [narwhal?]. Page references to each animal depicted.Many of the sea creatures are amalgamations of animals found on land, or animals found in mythology, with a fish's tail. random animals depicted with small represetations on select islands, yet in no apparent patternAlso includes ships.
25
C-6905-000Cabinet Ej688 CoVArchipelague du Mexique, ou sont les Isles de Cuba, Espagnole, Jamaique, etc. Avec les Isles Lacayes, et les Isles Caribes, connües sous le nom d'Antilles. par le P. Coronelli cosmographe de la Serme. Republique de Venise. Corrigée et augmentée par le Sr. Tillemon et dediee a messire Ioachim Comte de Lyonne Premier Escuyer Commandant la Grande Escurie du Roy ...CaribbeanCoronelli, Vincenzo, 1650-1718Chez I.B. Nolin sur le Quay de l'Horloge du Palais proche le Pont Neuf a l'Enseigne de la Place des Victoires, avec privilege du Roy, 1688, Paris1688There is a turtle in the decorative elements of the map's key. It is labelled as such. There is also a "poison volant," or Poisson Volant- a type of flying fish. Three white Europeans decorate the map's key. Lots of plant drawings that are labelled- pineapple, ginger, passionfruit, indigo, and other crops that grow in the region. These are realistic rather than fantastic. Includes thick info on present state and history of possession, both colonial and indigenous (e.g. St. Vincent "aux Caribes", "to the Caribs"). Key top right assigns alphabetical key letter for possession, but Caribs not indicated there. Also Bequia "aux Caribes" and then off coast of Nueva Andalucia Venezuela/Colombia is I. de Caribes.
26
JosiahCabinet Ej688 CoV Archipelague du Mexique, ou sont les Isles de Cuba, Espagnole, Jamaique, etc. [cartographic material] : Avec les Isles Lacayes, et les Isles Caribes, connües sous le nom d'Antilles. / par le P. Cor...CaribbeanCoronelli, Vincenzo, 1650-1718 Chez I.B. Nolin sur le Quay de l'Horloge du Palais proche le Pont Neuf a l'Enseigne de la Place des Victoires, avec privilege du Roy, 1688 1688Samana (both island in Lucayos and in NE Haiti).
27
1794-040 H576 P833i /1-SIZE (copy 1)
CubaCaribbean, Cuba, Hispaniola, JamaicaPorro, Girolamo, approximately 1550Appresso Simon Galignani & Girolamo Porro 1576IBT: From Jamaica search, no details added yet in any of these columns.
28
8189-29 Cabinet Blathwayt 29 The Island of Tobago Caribbean, TobagoJohn Seller London1682two sea animals above and below TobagoDecorative elements include ships and animals such as toucan, bird, wild pig, and sea animals. ... turkey, deer or stags, and palm trees.Decorative cartouche is flanked by native Americans with feathered headdresses and includes bow, turkey, deer or stags, and palm trees.Turkey and other elements similar to an earlier map. Can't recall which, but clearly out of place. Influence of Courland colonization is not apparent in place names. Interior has very little place naming or detail beyond trees.
29
03361-017H528 B729l[Map of Cuba]CubaBordon, Benedetto, 1450-1530per Nicolo d'Aristotile, detto Zoppino1528representation of a single building; mountainous interior, thickly wooded
30
12955-024A561 P963d[Cuba] Cubae insulae [title on verso]CubaProclus (?)per Henricum Petri, Basel1561four fish at the bottom, including the one that is in the mouth of a seamonstera seamonster in the bottom center under the island. It has feathers, a beak, pointed ears, and a serpentine neck. several ships off the coastThere are several little buildings drawn to depict settlements of Cuba. Cuba shown with numerous sandbars or cays that likely depict difficulty of navigation; numerous ships shown offshore;
31
31984-000Cabinet El566 /1L'Isola Cuba è piu sette[n]tio[n]al della Spagnola et è ácor essa molto abo[n]da[n]te di zuccaro, Cottone, Oro et altre cosi simili, insieme co[n] molte Speciarie Produce molto forme[n]to indiano detto dà paesani Maiz. jl Populo di q[ue]sta isola è molto piu humano et piaceuole, di quello della Spagnola. Hanno copia de Betume, òpegola la quale nasce d'una fo[n]te naturalme[n]te. Quiui è ære molto te[m]pato et buono. Et è situata, et figurata come si uede. F.B. ...L'Isola Spagnola ... Ferando berteli excCubaRe-engraved version of maps with same titles by Paulo Forlani, Venice, 1564. Enlarged version of Jacopo Gastaldi's "Isola Spagnola nova" and Isola Cuba nova" in Ptolemy, Geographia, Venice, 1548.?, Venice1548 and 1564In the first map, there is a ship just to the right of the compass, that is reminiscent of the types of galley ships found in the Mediterranean. It also has a large sail. In the second map, there are three more such ships near the bottom of the map, each with pronounced oars. similar lots east of Santo Domingo and in the northwest corner of the island are shown parcelled on this mapnotes mention sugar/cotton, gold, and that the island produce "Indian growth" crops like local corn. Oared vessel with mast may be galeonceta (or whatever the oared, masted vessels were that Menendez and others used to defend vs. Hawkins/Drake/Caribs/etc. - IBT)
32
32145-3J596 F819dDie grosse insel Cuba mit der umbligen der lantschaft.CubaThis map is derived from the [Baptista Boazio] map of CartagenaCologne1596A sea monster south of Cuba chases a flying fishGiant "crocodile" drawn at the bottom of the map in an inset - perhaps two crocodilesappear on land, one in the southern coast of "Nova Spania" (Mexico) and northeastern Cuba.Ships outside of Havana are shown with an English flag (top/right). The giant ship south of Cuba is also English, with far greater detail, and flies the coat of arms of Henry IV that Elizabeth I had restored.Indigenous settlements are depicted, but no people.sparse settlements appear across the lands; trees/mountains depict lighter populationHavana is chained to prevent attack.Havana shown in detail; the harbor of Havana is chained, which is accurateLong on "thick mapping," short on mapping (New France, Peru, etc.). Cayman alligator/crocodiles, wild pigs, also antlered animal (?). Has key - see book (Francis Drake Revived latin original: Franciscus Dracus Redivivus). Consult book for key (numbers for Nova Francia, Crocodile, etc.). Some plantations including enclosures in upper left of Cuba. English soldiers from right attacking Spanish retreating soldiers moving back to fortified settlements on left with cannons facing across trenches left to right.
33
03405-011F597 W996d /1-SIZECuba insula et Iamaica.CubaWytfliet, CorneilleTijpis Iohannis Bogardi, Louvain1597Underneath the title there are two human trunks that tuck into tails like a seahorse. Above it, two cherubs. There is a ram's head above the titleSpace off Cuba to the south are marked "Jardines de la Reyna" (Gardens of the Queen" and Jardines S. Xphori, both places that are likely in reference to an abundance of coral reefs; on north coast "Jardines del Rey" Gardens of the King (smaller area)only major Spanish towns are marked with similar looking castles"Iamaica" shows settlements in 'Sevilla' in the north and 'Oristan' in the south. On "Sevilla": The first Spanish settlement was founded in 1509 near St Ann's Bay and named Seville. In 1534 the settlers moved to a new, healthier site, which they named Villa de la Vega, which the English renamed Spanish Town when they conquered the island in 1655. Western Jamaica: "Pa. del Negrillo". Early maroon area? Today Negril, Jamaica.
34
31967-000Cabinet El564 /1L'Isola Cuba è piu sette[n]tio[n]al della Spagnola et è ácor essa molto abo[n]da[n]te di zuccaro, Cottone, Oro et altre cosi simili, insieme co[n] molte Speciarie Produce molto forme[n]to indiano detto dà paesani Maiz ...Cuba and HispaniolaJacopo Gastaldi's "Isola Cuba nova" enlarged, in Ptolemy, Geographia. Engraved and signed by Paolo Forlani.?, Venice1548 and 1564buildings depicting settlements. The map's description notes items for cultivation (sugar, cotton, foods) and also gold production; map requisitioned by Spain from Italian cartographer; terrains depict forboding mountains, ostensibly not productive for these profitable items
35
C-6213-000Cabinet El684 VoC 687Pas kaart van de Boght van Florida Met de Canaal Tusschen Florida en Cuba door Vooght geometra ...Cuba, FloridaVooght, Claes Janszoon, d. 1696Johannes van Keulen Boek en Zee Kaart Verkoper aande Niewe brugh inde Gekroonde Lootsman met privilegi ..., Amsterdam1687There is only one ship, it is colored in detail, it has two red flags. Could be jolly rogers? Or sign that it will give no quarter? a couple of mythological European figures in the decoration/title box.lHavana (inset "Int Groodt") depicted in great detail with navigation channels, forts, the town; anchorages listed in Matazanas and Havana"weigh house" and "fisherman house" marked on the "Bahia de Matanzas" map (inset "Int Groodt")Gives miles in Dutch, English, Spanish, and French.
36
03849-3 Z R733 1676 / 3-SIZE t Eÿlandt Curacao ende de Afbeeldinghe van t Fort Amsterdam groot besteck Curaçao[Pieter Goos] (source), J. L. [illeg.]penius [Pieter Goos] - Amsterdam1676Possibly a large fish/whale shown in the bay of curacao, but maybe not. The ships in the inset are very detailed. One is being guided to land by people on the shore pulling on a rope attatched to it. Another is firing at Fort Amsterdam with a cannon. A variety of sizes and types, some in harbor, some outside. possibly slaves, pulling in a ship to port (inset of Baia St. Anna); and, bottom of the inset show three people, possibly slaves, netting or trawling from the bank into the waterSeveral cherubs are in the inset at the bottom, surveying a fortification. The buildings are incredibly detailed in the inset for Fort Amsterdam. There are several that are unclear- a circular yngenio-type contraption without a roof, a gallows right outside the fort facing the bay. There are also rows of warehouses protected by fortifications adjacent to Fort Amsterdam. Fort has a footer closer to the coast that shows a plan to expand the walls.IBT: Curacao had just been opened to free trade the preceding year, 1675.
37
8189-31 Cabinet Blathwayt 31 Isle de la Guadeloupe Scituée a 16 Degrez de Lat. Septentrional GuadeloupeAbraham Peyrounin chez Pierre Mariette, rue S. Iacques a l'Esperance 1667French settlements in Basse-Terre, as in most French islands (lowland west sides of islands where you could anchor more easily, as opposed to highlands in east, less desirable, often left to surviving indigenous residents or abandoned to runaways). Isle au loups marins. Several carbets still noted.
38
08569-005 Z Z1 7 /3-SIZEDescription de l'isle de Gadeloupe [sic] Habité des Francois despuis l'an 1634 par le Sieur de l'Olive, en ayant chassé enherement les Sauvages nommez Caraibes, Les Francois qui l'habitent a present son environ 3000Guadeloupe n/aWest Indies, Do. Seperate [sic] Islands, South America [binder's title] , Paris1654A copy of the previous map with some added color.
39
C-8209-000Cabinet Er648 /1Description de l'Isle de Gadeloupe [sic] habitée des Francois despuis l an 1634 par le sieur de l'Olive, en ayant chassé entierement les sauvages nommez Caraibes, les Francois qui l'habitent a present sont environ 2000Guadeloupe n/aFrom: J. Boisseau, Theatre geographique du Royaume de France, Paris, 1648. 1648emphasis on safe places for ships to anchor, denoted with anchors around the coasts; ample notice of "safe" French space with churches, forts, grid towns, etc.Forts and images of buildings to represent settlmenets, as well as a cluster of buildings to represente the main town. Carib sites noted: Pointe du petit carbet; Grand carbet
40
03361-019H528 B729l[Map of Guadeloupe (top) and map of Martinique (bottom)]Guadeloupe and MartiniqueBordon, Benedetto, 1450-1530per Nicolo d'Aristotile, detto Zoppino, Venice1528Guadeloupe is almost entirely covered in greenery (looks like cabbage leaves), the Martinique map is covered in depictions of caves and trees.
41
03361-015H528 B729l[Map of Hispaniola]HispaniolaBordon, Benedetto, 1450-1530per Nicolo d'Aristotile, detto Zoppino, Venice1528multiple buildings dot the whole island of Hispaniolathe buildings depicted cluster around "Isabella" which is likely in reference to the earliest La Isabela settlement of the northern coast, later superceded by Santo Domingo; greater number of buildings that other maps in this series
42
0244-1H534 S955dIsola SpagnuolaHispaniola(none?)A. Pincio, Venice1534denotes "Isabella Vecchia" where the original settlement was (with one building); others settlements noted, with the southwestern peninsula of Hispaniola shown with the heaviest forests and mountains; Santo Domingo shown, and with denser settlememnt than other towns
43
C-8602Cabinet Em561 / 1.1L'isola Spagnola ...HispaniolaPaulo di Forlani?, Venice1564Covered in hills and other geo features. buildings depicting settlements. Lots parcelled out near Santo Domingo and also in the Northwestern peninsula of the island. Could be encomiendas? Or maybe early attempts at cultivation. Settlements in Banda del Norte could be early cultivation, pre-Osorio early 17th c destrucciones prohibiting settlement there (which opens the way for French and other runaway / buccaneer communities).
44
31966-000Cabinet Em564 /1L'Isola Spagnola una delle prime che Colombo trouasse, hoggi è detta L'Isola di S. Dominico, el' habitano Spagnoli, per cioche pochi Isolani uisoni rimasi, È fertilissima di molte cose, come di Cottone, Mastice, Aloe, Cannella, Zanzero, et altre Speciari ... Venetia l'anno 1564. Paulo Forlano Veronese .f.HispaniolaForlani, Paolo di, fl. 1558-1574?, Venice?1564forests drawn in between large hills.Buildings mark out settlementscontinuity of indigenous place names (as with others in this series)
45
07598-049E575 T418cIsle EspaignolleHispaniolaThevet, André, 1502-1590A Paris: chez Pierre L'Huillier, rue Sainct Iaques, à l'Oliuier1575There are two sea monsters portrayed, head only. The heads look a bit like catfish and are reminiscent of Chinese dragons. There are several types of animals- an elephant, camel, gazelle, and a wild dog. This most likely was artistic license, conflating the origins of exotic animals. The three distinct ships portrayed are far more European (sails, size, compex construction, parapets, etc.).bohios dot the island; what appears to be an inter-indigenous battle appears on the bottom right; by this time the Taíno population of the island would have been in severe decline; representations nevertheless hint at lacks in Spanish interior controlSpanish presence is far greater at sea in this map, rather than on land; what might be Spanish buildings appear fortified
46
0278-1D589 B592eCivitas S. Dominici sita in Hispaniola Indica Angliae magnitudine sere oequatis, ipsa vrbs elagantor ab Hispanis extruca, et omnibus circumuicinis insulis iura datHispaniolaBigges, Walter, d. 1586[Apud Fr. Raphelengium], Leiden1588There is a giant lizard in the water at the bottom, most likely a crocodile. There is also a flyinig fish, and a large turtle in the water to the South of the map.There is a manticore/sphynx type creature laying ontop of the compass rose: it has a fin tail, the hindquarters of a lion, the upper body & head of a human woman, and wings. There is also a sea monster in the bottom right corner drawn in the style of a serpent with the head of dragon (Chinese style). On land, there are cattle, as well as three people on horseback. In the coat of arms, there are lions rampant.Depictions include apparently English ships laying blockade to the Rio Ozama and Spanish ships anchored (and smaller) unable to defend the city (nearly two dozen ships, perhaps meant to represent Drake's, appear south of the city)Beyond the fortified city walls to the west are dozens of troops in formation, mounted cavalry, seeming to be massing to breech Santo Domingo's fortifications
47
03405-010F597 W996d /1-SIZEHispaniola insula.HispaniolaWytfliet, CorneilleTijpis Iohannis Bogardi, Louvain1597Some clusters of trees dot the islandsSeveral settlements are shown depicted by European style dwellings. indigenous names still appear in many of the places on the island
48
01644-013B598 A185g /1-SIZEHispaniola insulaHispaniolaAcosta, José de, 1540-1600Bey Johann Christoffel, auff S. Marcellenstrass.1598Just a few patches of trees and hills marked.Buildings mark Spanish settlements.
49
01808-008B601 H564h /1-SIZEDescripcion del Destricto del audiencia de la EspañolaHispaniolaHerrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de, -1625 En la Emplenta Real, Madrid1601decorative parrots"B. de Tampa" listed; C. de Sta. Elena listed on present-day Carolina coastAmple map key with places listed top/leftNote more detail for Jamaica than Cuba, and even more for crisis-stricken Hispaniola. Sevilla again for Jamaica though I thought it was abandoned by now. In Guyanas, no indication of Caribs as in previous maps, but Aruacas yes, first I've noticed. - IBT Has a key so might be worth peeking at book. Very thorough, includes Saba for example.
50
03429-010F607 W996h /1-SIZEHispaniola insula.HispaniolaWytfliet, Corneillechez François Fabri, Douai1607Same as 22.
51
0716-4B622 H564n2 / 2-SIZEDescription del destricto del audiencia dela EspañolaHispaniolaHerrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de, d.1625[Michiel Colijn], Amsterdam1622Same as 27.
52
5163-1 B658 M777d Plata forma q[ue] fabrico D. Ju[an] Fran[sis]co montem[ay]or de Cuenca q[ue] inpidio la entrada de la armada Ynglesa en el puerto los circulos son las poblaciones Yrancherias que ocupaba el enemigo frances ...HispaniolaMontemayor y Córdova de Cuenca, Juan Francisco de, 1620-1685 [Juan Ruiz] 1658five large flagshipsThere are two armies wielding spears on the island of Tortuga. the harbor at Santo Domingo is very pronounced, looks like it has been carved out of the island.the islands are dotted with trees, tall trunks and lollipop leaves.Some Buildings are labelled as settlements, but the island of Tortuga has an ingenio. the enormity of Tortuga, and the focus of the key numbers for only French settlements in western Hispaniola, denotes severe Spanish concern for the loss of that territory to the French post-devastaciones policy.
53
6009-4Z 077 1598 1 / 3-SIZE (copy 2)[top] Culiacanae, Americae regionis descriptio. [bottom] Hispaniolae, Cubae, aliarumque insularum circumiacientium, delineatio.Hispaniola and CubaOrtelius, Abraham, 1527-1598Plantin, Antwerp1598Tropical birds and lion heads used for decorationTwo decorative shipshills but no floraAity, siue (?). Sevilla in Jamaica still.
54
08569-031Z Z1 7 /3-SIZE[top] Culiacanae Americae Regionis, descriptio. [bottom] Hispaniolae, Cubae, aliarumque insularum circumiacientium, delineatioHispaniola and CubaOrtelius, Abraham, 1527-1598[Plantin Press] , Antwerp1608Same as 26.
55
Josiah H686 .P833i L'isole piu famose del mondo / descritte da Tomaso Poracchi da Castiglione Arretino, di nuovo corrette, & illustrate con l'aggiunta dell'lstria, & altre Isole, Scogli, e nuove curiosità. Essendovi ...Hispaniola, CubaPorcacchi, Thomaso, approximately 1530-1585? M.DC.LXXXVI : Presso Piertr' Antonio Brigonci, [1686], Venicia1686
56
12412-063E683 M253dI[sles]. de Hispaniola et P. RicoHispaniola, Puerto RicoManesson-Mallet, Allain, 1630?-1706?Chez Denys Thierry, ruë S. Jacques, à l'enseigne de la ville de Paris, devant la ruë de Plâtre, Paris1683The ships are at battle, signifying the times of peak island rivalries.
57
03361-016 H528 B729l[Map of Jamaica]JamaicaBordon, Benedetto, 1450-1530per Nicolo d'Aristotile, detto Zoppino, Venice1528several shrubs line the hillsidesJamaiqua; absence of depictions of Spanish presence; uncontrolled space?; heavily wooded interior mountains
58
01920-1 D687 B653p A New & Exact Mapp of ye Isle of Iamaica JamaicaBlome, Richard, d. 1705 Printed for Richard Blome 1671Appears to be a Narwhal in the top right corner. A small sea monster near the compasspasturage amply labeled (for primarily cattle)several ships surrounding the islandcoastal places named; parishes divided; "Unnamed" spaces in southcentral and northwest, territories unoccupied by Spanish and early EnglishThe whole island is covered in trees. In St. Andrew parish, something marked "Bacon" that appears to be gallows?
59
9772-6Z S467 1672 / 3-SIZE Novissima et Accuratissima Insulae Jamaicae Descriptio per Johannem Sellerum. JamaicaJohn Seller Made and Sold by John Seller ... 1672There is a type of long fish or eel in the water to the west of the island. three crocodiles not in the map, but in the inserts/title, and a cow being hunted in St. James Parishone ship approaching from the SoutheastThere is a native couple in the seal in the bottom left. Both the man and woman are topless, wearing striped skirts made out of n atural material, like feathers or grasses. The man has a crown on his head and is carrying a bow. The woman carries a shallow basket filled with what looks to be custard apples. A woman of European descent dressed in blue and red garments, a lion's head pin at her throat, carrying a cornucopia. anchoragesclearly depicted pasturage; attention to creeks/rivers in detail; highly detailed map keyThere are a few more symbols that look like gallows. Plus small houses and churches
60
01903-14 E674 R311d (copy 1) Isle de la Iamaique Divisée Par Paroisses Ou Sont Exactement Remarques les Ports et les Bayes JamaicaNA - Compiled and edited by Henri Justel. This section is Description de L'Isle de la Jamaique by Sir Thomas Modyford. [Louïs Billaine] 1674A copy of the other Jamaica map. Appears to be nearly identical, down to the narwahl. largely borrowed from the Blome map
61
8189-33 Cabinet Blathwayt 32 Jamaicae Descriptio [in ms.: Auctior et Emendatior.] JamaicaFrancis Lamb NA - England1675one fish is drawn to the North of the islandTwo ships approach the island from the South. Two European cherub faces are in the title and two full cherubs over the scaleGreenery and orange fruits in the title and keysome of the writing and features of the map seem to be quite faded, which may have been intentional to show a range of emphasis?
62
8189-36 Cabinet Blathwayt 36 A New Mapp of Jamaica. According to the last Survey. JamaicaJames Moxon Printed by James Moxon and Sold at his Shop in the Strand ... 1677Different sea animals from Lamb's 1675 Jamaica (#58). Two seamonsters are in each upper corner of the map. They appear to have the body of seals, but serpentine tails. The one on the right has a spout like a whale. on the map itself are cattle, alligators, a lamb, and boar, signifying livestock grazing and ranching. On the decorative insets are: horse, cattle, sheep, crocodile, dog. naval battle appears of the western coast of the islandTwo indigenous figures are in the title pane- a man and a woman. The man is wearing a crown, grass/feather skirt, and carrying a bow but no arrows. The woman caries a shallow basket of fruits and wears the same skirt. slave might be pictured in the bottom right beside the scale holding sugar canetwo men in european clothing shooting at one another in the interior of the islandSimilar to the map it was based on, but many of the empty spaces of the previous map now are marked with signs of cultivation. There are images of plants being grown at the time sprinkled across the map: pineapple, fruit trees, lizard in far east of the island etc. The gallows are in the same places near Port Royal as they have been in the past few maps of the island. A large assortment of buildings. much less of the "rural" terrain remains from the map 3-5 years prior; the island is more lanscaped or "tamed" and more cultivated with greater domesticated animals present; the cow in St. George appears docile, not being shot at; cow/horse/sheep in the bottom look tame; sheep in St. James; pig in NW. There are also a number of decorations indicative of English empire: cannons, military drums, cannonballs, barrels, brass instruments, bells. The two territories previously "Unnamed" are not named, but are no longer called that, perhaps as an erasure of the unknown.
63
8189-34 Cabinet Blathwayt 34Tabula Iamaicae Insulae JamaicaEdward Slaney London: Sold by Will: Berry at the Globe betwixt Chering Cross & White Hall 1678"Indian Fort" noted as circular walled structure on northern coastgreat detail on density of trees in relation to density of forests or human habitation"Brestwork" shown in interior as a type of public worksIndian Fort in north of island, Negro River and Negro Savanna in east near where Nanny Town will take shape. Banditi by Rio Camarones by Spanish Quarters. Note Guanaha, only indigenous place name I can recall from a Jamaica map, due north of Port Royal's harbor.
64
10956Cabinet En68 ViN Jamaica, Americae Septentrionalis Ampla insula. Christophoro Columbo detectaJamaicaL. v. Anse & Nicolaes Visscher Amsterdam1680"Runaway Bay" in NW St. Anns Parishsalt pans shown east of Port Royal on the coast; the town of "St. Iago" shown as a large reddish block. IBT: Rio Piedra in this and previous maps, St. Catherine's, is almost certainly Tony Ribba that maroons followed to windward sites. "Unnamed" reaapears on the map.
65
C-7614-000File En69 CoVIsola de Iames, ò Giamaica, Possedutta dal Ré Britannico Divisa in Parrocchhie ...JamaicaCoronelli, Vincenzo, 1650-1718 MCC 42:15, no. 36; cf. Phillips, Atlases 5951, no. [167] , Venice1692Runaway bay, a few soundings, some unevenly noted settlements or plantations, not much going on.
66
1794-041H576 P833i /1-SIZE (copy 1) IamaicaJamaicaPorro, Girolamo, approximately 1550Appresso Simon Galignani & Girolamo Porro 1576IBT: From Jamaica search, no details added yet in any of these columns.
67
01644-012B598 A185g /1-SIZECuba insula et JamaicaJamaica and CubaAcosta, José de, 1540-1600Bey Johann Christoffel, auff S. Marcellenstrass.1598This maps also has areas off of Cuba to the south that are marked "Jardines de la Reyna" (Gardens of the Queen" and Jardines S. Xphori, both places that are likely in reference to an abundance of coral reefs; on north coast "Jardines del Rey" Gardens of the King (smaller area)
68
03429-011F607 W996h /1-SIZECuba insula et Jamaica.Jamaica and CubaWytfliet, Corneillechez François Fabri, Douai1607Same as 23.
69
JosiahD687 .B653p map 1A new & exact mapp of ye. isle of Iamaica : as it was lately surveyed by order of S[i]r Thomas Mediford bart. late gover[no]r, divided into precincts, or parishes, with its ports, bayes, etcJamaica, BarbadosMorden, Robert, approximately 1650-1703 London : Printed for Richard Blome, A[nn]o 1671 , London1671
70
10959-000Cabinet En696 /1The principall islands in America belonging to the English Empire viz Iamaica, Barbados, Antegoa, St. Christophers, & BermudosJamaica, Barbados, St. Christophe, Bermuda, Antiguan/aSold by Phillip Lea at the Atlas and Hercules in Cheapside, London1696Port cities noted, often with forts. Detailed map of the city of "Bridg Town" (Bridgetown) in Barbados, with attention to the street grid, outlying roads, woods, etc. Port Royal inset with detail, less of the city and far greater features of soundings and shoals at the nautical approach to the city harbor.much of the detail in Jamaica is similar to an earlier map, including references to maroons' spacesWindmills appear to dot the landscape of Barbados, and appear elsewhere (eg., southeastern Antigua ("Antegoa").This is five separate maps of five island drawn onto one piece of paper. is the first time we've seen Bridgetown rendered in an inset like that for Barbados. In Antingua near Falmouth, there is a symbol we've never seen before- it looks like it is on a stick, with crossbones, and some elongated body over the top. Could be a weird windmill?
71
10958-000Cabinet En685 LeP[top] A generall mapp of the continent and islands which bee adjacent to Jamaica [bottom] A new map of the island of Jamaica ... with the names of the present proprietors according to a late survey thear of P. LeaJamaica, CaribbeanLea, Philip, fl. 1683-1700Blathwayt atlas II, London1685a winged dragon is on the land itself in St Ann's Parish. cow (top center, St. Anns/Maries); lizard (far east); dragon, another lizard, and horse in St. Anns; small turkey beside "Negro Palink"; hairy pigs around the map; large squirrel ne corner, several snakes. In the second map, there is a deer in Georgia, and a boar in the yucatan. Several ships, but also some unusual looking canoes- they have almost a Baltic/viking design. Each canoe contains a person holding an oar/paddle, and some contain other passengers. A few look like an adult holding a child, but the detail is insufficient to tell for sure. The canoes surround the island on all sides. In the title of the Jamaica map, there is a naked European-looking male with a rumpled cloth bag slung across his shoulder. He is stomping on hills that are the size of his feet. There is a key in the upper right hand that shows the types of buildings depicted on the map: the symbol for towns, churches, sugar works, indigo, cotton, cacao, and pens for hogs/cattle. No symbol is given for individual plantation houses- it's very possible that in previous maps, we mistook symbols for sugarworks with symbols for houses. Note: Surinam Quarters (Dutch migrants, a la Barbados?), Privateer Quarters, NEW: Negro Palink, Old Palink, cf. Negro Valley, etc., several Negro Rivers, Barbicue River off of Cane River east of Port Royall Harbor, more. The center and north of the island was increasingly populated (30 years post-English takeover) and this map shows an increase in place names, towns, and detailed riverine depictions that accompany new cultivation space and knowledge. Mexico City depicted as a cathedral at a lake. Wild boar in Yucatan where buccaneers and logwood cutters are now active. Also, the Yucatan penninsula is drawn very exagerated and jutting directly into the Caribbean, suggesting that this area was intimitely connected to the region moreso than to South/Central America.
72
12412-062 E683 M253d I[sle]s. de Cuba et de Jamaica Jamaica, CubaManesson-Mallet, Allain, 1630?-1706? Paris - Chez Denys Thierry, ruë S. Jacques, à l'enseigne de la ville de Paris, devant la ruë de Plâtre, Paris1683The ships are at battle, signifying the times of peak island rivalries.
73
09908-1 E667 D975h l'Isle de Mariegalande Scituée a 15 degrez 40 min. au Nord de la ligne Equinoctiale gouvernée par Mr. de Temericourt. Marie-Galante Du Tertre, Jean Baptiste, 1610-1687 [Thomas Jolly] 1667Two griffons in the box containing the titleTrees on the bottom/right denote forests along an apparent travel pathMarie Galante: Cape du massacre & Anse du massacre both shown with massacre depicted. Arbres au repos. So many places are "passage pour canots," accessible only by traditional transport.
74
01897-12 E667 D975h (copy 1) L'isle de la Martinique ... Martinique Du Tertre, Jean Baptiste, 1610-1687 [Thomas Jolly] 1667giant fish to the west of the islandIn the upper right corner, there is a scene of several people fighting using rifles and clubs. anchorages noted around the coastlittle flora, but mountains in the west noted extensivelyisle of the sea wolves, carbets, carib lands, etc.
75
8189-28 Cabinet Blathwayt 28 L'isle de la Martinique Scituée a 14 Degrez 30 Minutes de Latitude Septentrionale MartiniqueAbraham Peyrounin chez Pierre Mariette, rue S. Iacques a l'Esperance 1667a giant fish in the bottom left cornerNo people, but a carbet for Caribs is indicatedharbors marked with anchors dot the islandsame as previous, with color. (#44)
76
8189-30 Cabinet Blathwayt 30 Mountserrat Island 1673. MontserratNA - BlathwaytNA - England1673Three figures in the front bottom to represent England, Ireland, and Wales. The Irish figure is darker skinned. Also present are a fawn (Pan?), a monkey-type figure with human face, and another mythical humanoid figure as decoration. There are a wide variety and large number of ships both in the sea and docked in the various harbors around the island. There are two people in the lower right hand corner. They are naked, like people who were native were usually drawn, but seem like they might be European from stockier builds and facial features. One is carrying something on his head, as Africans were usually drawn. "Brisckets Cay" and "Brisckets Folly" listed near a giant Union Jack at a port (1,2,3 on the key); above in the hills, A on the key shows the "Cap.n General" house and plantationTrees and green spots are indicated along coastal lines, but the middle of the island, the volcano, is left blank. There are many buildings- plantations in marked-out plantation plots, forts, churches, etc. There are also two windmills, one north and one south of the island. "Y" on key is 'Cove Castel' in detail.The orientation of this map is fascinating- a series of coastal profiles as viewed from the sea. IBT: F, G, H, I in key, "gutt"?, including Bottomless Gutt, likely this corresponds to the area of present-day Montserrat known as "Bottomless Ghaut Beach" - partitions of the land as viewed from the sea demonstrate the divisions of plantation/agricultural space from that physical viewpoint.
77
08720-021 Z Z1 /6 3-SIZE Maris Pacifici, (quod vulgò Mar del Zur) cum regionisbus circumiacentibus, insulisque in eodem passim sparsis, novissima descriptio.Pacific, Americas, Caribbean1591IBT: From Jamaica search, no details added yet in any of these columns. NOT USING.
78
03502-2F644 L742h / 2-SIZE (copy 1)Grondt-teeckening vande Stadt en Kasteel Porto Rico ende gelegenheyt vande havenPuerto RicoLaet, Joannes de, 1593-1649 [Bonaventuer & Abraham Elsevier] , Leiden1644exceptional detail (compared to earlier maps) of the coastlinemap represents the sparse Spanish grid and buildings of San Juanvery detailed key with specific features
79
8189-27 Cabinet Blathwayt 27 Carte de lisle de Sainct Christophle Scituée a 17 Degrez 30 Minutes de Lat. Septentrionale. St. ChristopheAbraham Peyrounin chez Pierre Mariette, rue S. Iacques a l'Esperance 1667French capuchins noted in both French sections of the island; island noted as divided between French and Englishanchorages noted across the coastsvery mountainous center of the island, but little flora drawn; salt ponds drawn in the east of the islandsulfur mine, southern English part, the first resource-intense map we've seen (silver, salt).
80
09908-6 E667 D975h L'Isle de Ste. Croix ... St. Croix Du Tertre, Jean Baptiste, 1610-1687 [Thomas Jolly] 1667Title box has two dogsOnelarge ship and a smaller one beside it are approaching the island from the South. details on "Maison du Gouvernour" and layout of nearby government buildingsharbors marked with anchors dot the islandleft side of island on map shows limited settlement, more floraOf note is the governor's mansion and its accompanying buildings, which has been expanded in an insert. None of the other places are indicated with buildings.
81
07598-017E575 T418cIsle de la Trinité [Plan of Trinidad]TrinidadThevet, André, 1502-1590A Paris: chez Pierre L'Huillier, rue Sainct Iaques, à l'Oliuier1575There is an animal referred to as a "su" or "succarath" which the map's description claims is a type of sloth or puma. The only sloth-type thing native to Trinindad is a lesser anteater, and there are no wildcats in Trinidad- the nearest wildcat is in Honduras. The text below the map also mentions a dragon in the same line as the succarath, so likely something from mythology rather than an anteater. André Thevet's North America: A Sixteenth-Century View "Su"There is a tufted bird depicted on the left-hand side. There are three vessels: one larger war vessel filled with an indigenous military, then one in the upper right hand corner- a canoe with two fishermen, and one in the lower right hand corner, also a canoe with a slightly different design. Most/all of the people appear to be native- aside from a man with a hat, everyone is depicted without clothing. There is a scene of a group of natives in a boat attacking a group of natives on land. The group of people on land appear to have some bows, but the most common weapons are spears and shields. There are also several fishermen, both in canoes, as well as fishing off of a dock. There are also a trio cooking on a boucan, as well as a couple engaged in a fight with clubs, and a person running, and a person appearing to cultivate something with a pack on the back. There are clusters of trees in various places. The indigenous-looking houses have trees near them, the European-looking ones tend not to. There are three buildings which could be indigenous- they look like they have thatched roofs. One is in the interior of the island, one near the coast. Then there are several more coastal dwellings represented in stronger, thicker lines and European styles. All of these are closer to the coasts. Guys fighting with clubs (see La Borde 1674 for name of club). Simple roofed wooden structures in interior could be indigenous (carbets/bohios), while I'm confused by apparent stone fortifications in norht and southeast (no permanent settlement before 1590s, no meaningful attempt I know of to really hold any settlement even when authorized in 1560s). Map is probably misdated, Thevet was 1557 not 1575. See my notes and I'll also do some background reading on 16th c Trinidad and on Thevet. - IBT
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100