12 (9-10 with voluntary bicycle exam)

No (local authorities can make exceptions)

https://www.oesterreich.gv.at/themen/freizeit_und_strassenverkehr/Elektro-Scooter,-Quads-und-Co/Seite.610110.html

KFV calls for minimum age 14, 20 km/h max speed and mandatory helmets

https://wien.orf.at/stories/3170482/

Trottinette électrique / Elektronische autoped

New rules as of 1 July 2022 introduced min age of 16, ban on pavement riding and ban on passengers.

https://www.vias.be/nl/newsroom/vias-pleit-voor-aanpassingen-wetgeving-elektrische-steps/

електрическа тротинетка

14 (cycle paths) 16 (roads)

Yes, riding on the right if no cycle lane

Should have front light (white) and rear light (red). Riders aged 14-16 should only ride them on bycicle lanes. Older riders can ride them on streets at the far right side. E-scooters should only be ridden on streets with a maximum allowed speed of 50 km/h (so - no rural roads, no city highways, no motorways etc.).

https://www.sars.gov.bg/%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%b0-%d0%b8-%d1%81%d1%8a/

Zero (same as motor vehicles)

https://www.cdv.cz/tisk/srovnani-fersi-elektrokolobezky-u-nas-a-v-evrope/

Law in progress: https://mup.gov.hr/vijesti-8/ministar-bozinovic-na-sjednici-vlade-o-radu-stozera-te-zakonu-o-izmjenama-i-dopunama-zakona-o-sigurnosti-prometa-na-cestama/287366

20 km/h (10 km/h on a pedestrianised street)

No (a passenger of at least 12 years old is permitted with a helmet if sat on a permanently installed seat)

Yes + reflective vest at night

E-scooters can only ride on roads that have a maximum speed limit of 30 km/h or less

http://www.mcw.gov.cy/mtcw/mtcw.nsf/All/41EC27DC81A5F18EC2258883002D38F7?OpenDocument

15 (<15 must be accompanied by an adult)

0.5 (same as mopeds)

Yes - as of 1/1/2022

Denmark consider legalisation of e-scooters as a trial period of 3-5 years (from Jan 2019). Treated as bicycles (but BAC-limit same as mopeds)

https://fstyr.dk/da/Krav-til-koeretoejer/Regler-for-koeretoejer/Forsoegsordninger-for-motoriserede-koeretoejer#forsoegsordning-for-motoriserede-loebehjul

Official monitoring report found that risk of injury was 7 times higher on e-scooters compared to bicycles.

https://fstyr.dk/da/Krav-til-koeretoejer/Regler-for-koeretoejer/Forsoegsordninger-for-motoriserede-koeretoejer#om-forsoegsordninger

https://www.traficom.fi/en/transport/road/electric-personal-transportation-devices

When permitted, up to 6 km/h

On 80 km/h roads

Rules apply from September 2019. Age limit increased from 12 to 14 years September 2023

https://www.service-public.fr/particuliers/vosdroits/F308#:~:text=Dans%20ce%20cas%2C%20vous%20devrez,est%20de%2025%20km%2Fh.

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/economie/transports/trottinettes-electriques/securite-routiere-de-plus-en-plus-de-blesses-a-cause-des-trottinettes-electriques_3621955.html

Elektrokleinstfahrzeuge

No (local authorities can make exceptions - that must be indicated with a sign)

Same as car 0.5 and Zero for under 21

https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/EN/Articles/StV/Roadtraffic/light-electric-vehicles-faq.html - Approved e-scooters https://www.kba.de/DE/Themen/Typgenehmigung/Auskuenfte_TGV/ABE_Elektrokleinstfahrzeuge/ABE_Elektrokleinstfahrzeuge_node.html

https://www.dvr.de/fileadmin/PDF-Uploads/E-Scooter_Verkehrssicherheit_11_Forderungen_DVR_DEKRA.pdf ; https://www.dvr.de/presse/presseinformationen/elektrokleinstfahrzeuge-verordnung-dvr-nimmt-stellung

15 (for e-scooters with design speed up to 25 km/h) - 12 (for e-scooters with design speed up to 6 km/h)

25 km/h (second category up to 6 km/h)

Following bicycle rules above 6km/h - pedestrian rules below 6km/h. There is a long list of parking restrictions.

https://www.yme.gr/metafores/odiki-kykloforia-kai-asfaleia/draseis-kai-energeies-gia-tin-proothisi-tis-odikis-asfaleias/item/9134-entypo-enimerotiko-yliko-gia-tous-kanones-kykloforias-podilaton-kai-e-p-i-o

20 km/h (6km/h in pedestrian areas)

No (required for sharing providers)

Law updated November 2021. Can circulate in urban and extra-urban roads with max 50km/h speed limits. Speed limit 6km/h in pedestrian zones. Technical requirements from September 2022 - indicators and independent brakes. Working on update: https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/italy-tightens-rules-on-e-scooters-in-bid-to-reduce-accidents/

ACI calls for ID of the scooters(like a plate); compulsory insurance; helmet for everyone;light driving license

No (unless vehicle type-approved as a 'special moped')

The Netherlands considers e-scooters to be mopeds. The vehicles need to be approved individually by the motor vehicle authority (RDW) as 'special moped'. A regulatory framework for e-scooters and other light electric vehicles has been postponed until 2024.

https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/brommer/vraag-en-antwoord/welke-regels-gelden-er-voor-een-segway

0.2 (same as cars)

https://www.vegvesen.no/trafikkinformasjon/trafikksikkerhet/sikker-pa-sma-elektriske-kjoretoy/

Table reflects planned changes from Spring 2022. Some elements TBC See: https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/na-strammer-regjeringen-inn-reglene-for-elsparkesykkel/id2898051/

Hulajnóg elektrycznych

10 (under 10 under supervision by an adult)

20 km/h speed limit must be obeyed on cycle paths. Not allowed on roads with a higher speed limit than 30 km/h

Yes, if the road speed limit is >30km/h and there is no cycling path/road. In such case the speed of the e-scooter on the pavement should be that of a pedestrian, and the driver should give the right of way to pedestrians. The driver should drive on a 30 km/h (or less) road if there is no bicycle path/road.

Forbidden to ride under the influence of alcohol

10-18 'cycling card' or AM, A1, B1 or T license required. No license required for 18+

https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20210000720/O/D20210720.pdf; https://www.gov.pl/web/infrastruktura/nowe-przepisy-dotyczace-hulajnog-elektrycznych-i-urzadzen-transportu-osobistego

14-16 years (set at city level)

Same as car - 0.5g/l. O for minors.

Yes (new legislation - from March 2022)

No (required by some cities)

https://revista.dgt.es/es/noticias/nacional/2020/07JULIO/0715-guia-patinetes-electricos.shtml

NEW technical standards as of January 2022 (in force from 2024). See: boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2022-987

https://www.transportstyrelsen.se/sv/vagtrafik/Fordon/Fordonsregler/elsparkcykel/

Trottinette électrique / E-Trottinett / Monopattini elettrici

14 with moped license, 16 without

No, unless where bicycles already allowed on pavement

Moped license only required for 14-15 year olds

No, only trial hire schemes

Same as other vehicles

Provisional license but no basic training required

Trial operators require insurance

Private e-scooters are currently illegal on UK roads and can be confiscated by the police. Hire companies are running approved trials in several cities.

PACTS is working on recommendations for private e-scooter use.

https://www.pacts.org.uk/assessing-the-safety-of-private-e-scooter-use-in-the-uk-pacts-research/

Information provided by member organisations of the European Transport Safety Council - ETSC.