Course Learning Outcomes for Introduction to Psychology

	B	C	D	E
1	Introduction to Psychology
2	Lumen Learning: Waymaker Introduction to Psychology Learning Outcomes is licensed under CC-BY 4.0
3	Outcomes			Title

4	Module 1			Psychological Foundations
5	1.1	Describe the evolution of psychology and the major pioneers in the field		The History of Psychology
6		1.1.1	Define Psychology	What is Psychology?
7		1.1.2	Define structuralism and functionalism and the contributions of Wundt and James in the development of psychology	Structuralism and Functionalism
8		1.1.3	Describe Freud's influence on psychology and his major theoretical contributions	Psychoanalytic Theory
9		1.1.4	Describe the basic tenets of Gestalt psychology	Gestalt Psychology
10		1.1.5	Define behaviorism and the contibutions of Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner to psychology	Behaviorism
11		1.1.6	Explain the basic tenets of humanism and Maslow's contribution to psychology	Humanism
12		1.1.7	Describe the basics of cognitive psychology	The Cognitive Revolution
13		1.1.8	Summarize the history of psychology, focusing on the major schools of thought	The Evolution of Psychology
14	1.2	Identify the various approaches, fields, and subfields of psychology along with their major concepts and important figures		Domains in Psychology
15		1.2.1	List and define the five major domains, or pillars, of contemporary psychology	The Five Psychologyical Domains
16		1.2.2	Describe the basic interests and applications of biopsychology and evolutionary psychology	The Biological Domain
17		1.2.3	Describe the basic interests and applications of cognitive psychology	The Cognitive Domain
18		1.2.4	Describe the basic interests and applications of developmental psychology	The Development Domain
19		1.2.5	Describe the basic interests and applications of social psychology and personality psychology	The Social and Personality Psychology Domain
20		1.2.6	Describe the basic interests and applications of abnormal, clinical, and health psychology	The Mental and Physical Health Domain
21		1.2.7	Define industrial-organizational psychology, sport and exercise psychology, and forensic psychology	Other Psychological Subfields
22	1.3	Describe the value of psychology and possible careers paths for those who study psychology		Careers in Psychology
23		1.3.1	Explain why an education in psychology is valuable	Merits of an Education in Psychology
24		1.3.2	Describe educational requirements and career options for the study of psychology	Careers in Psychology
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27	Module 2			Psychological Research
28	2.1	Define and apply the scientific method to psychology		The Scientific Method
29		2.1.1	Explain the steps of the scientific method	The Scientific Process
30		2.1.2	Differentiate between theories and hypotheses	The Scientific Method in Psychology
31		2.1.3	Explain how research involving humans or animals is regulated	Ethics in Research
32	2.2	Describe the strengths and weaknesses of descriptive, experimental, and correlational research		Approaches to Research
33		2.2.1	Differentiate between descriptive, experimental, and correlational research	Descriptive Research
34		2.2.2	Explain the strengths and weaknesses of case studies, naturalistic observation, and surveys	Other Types of Descriptive Research
35		2.2.3	Describe the strength and weaknesses of archival, longitudinal, and cross-sectional research	Archival Research
36		2.2.4	Explain what a correlation coefficient tells us about the relationship between variables	Correlational Research
37		2.2.5	Describe why correlation does not mean causation	Correlation versus Causation
38		2.2.6	Describe the experimental process, including ways to control bias	Experimental Process
39		2.2.7	Identify and differentiate between independent and dependent variables	Independent and Dependent Variables
40	2.3	Define basic elements of a statistical investigation		Statistical Thinking
41		2.3.1	Define reliability and validity	The Reliability and Validity of Research
42		2.3.2	Describe the importance of distributional thinking and the role of p-values in statistical inference	Statistical Significance
43		2.3.3	Describe the role of random sampling and random assignment in drawing cause-and-effect conclusions	Drawing Conclusions from Statistics
44		2.3.4	Describe the basic structure of a psychological research article	How to Read Research
45		2.3.5	Describe replication and its importance to psychology
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47	Module 3			Biopsychology
48	3.1	Identify the basic structures of a neuron, the function of each structure, and how messages travel through the neuron		Neural Communications
49		3.1.1	Explain the role and function of the basic structures of a neuron	Neurons
50		3.1.2	Describe how neurons communicate with each other	How Neurons Communicate
51		3.1.3	Explain how drugs act as agonists or antagonists for a given neurotransmitter system	Drugs and Neurotransmitters
52	3.2	Describe the role of the nervous system and endocrine systems		The Nervous System and the Endocrine System
53		3.2.1	Describe the difference between the central and peripheral nervous systems and the somatic and autonomic nervous systems	Parts of the Nervous System
54		3.2.2	Differentiate between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system	Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems
55		3.2.3	Describe the endocrine system and explain its primary responsibilites within the body	The Endocrine System
56	3.3	Identify and describe the parts of the brain		Parts of the Brain
57		3.3.1	Explain the relationship between the two hemispheres of the brain	Brain Hemispheres
58		3.3.2	Identify the location and function of the lobes of the brain	Lobes of the Brain
59		3.3.3	Identify and describe the role of the parts of the limbic system, the midbrain, and hindbrain	The Limbic System and Other Brain Areas
60		3.3.4	Describe the types of techniques abailable to clinicians and researchers to image or scan the brain	Brain Imaging
61	3.4	Explain how nature, nurture, and epigenetics influence personality and behavior		Nature and Nurture
62		3.4.1	Examine the historic nature vs. nurture debate	The Nature-Nurture Question
63		3.4.2	Explain the basic principles of the theory of evolution by natural selection, genetic variation, and mutation	Human Genetics
64		3.4.3	Describe epigenetics and examine how gene-environment interactions are critical for expression of physical and psychological characteristics	Gene-Environment Interactions
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67	Module 4			States of Consciousness
68	4.1	Describe consciousness and biological rhythms		Consciousness and Rhythms
69		4.1.1	Describe consciousness	Consciousness and Biological Rhythms
70		4.1.2	Explain how circadian rhythms are involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, and how circadian cycles can be disrupted
71		4.1.3	Explain blindsight and what it reveals about consciousness	When Biological Clocks Get Disrupted
72		4.1.4	Explain disruptions in biological rhythms, including sleep debt
73	4.2	Describe what happens to the brain and body during sleep		Sleep and Dreams
74		4.2.1	Describe areas of the brain and hormone secretions involved in sleep	Sleep and Why We Sleep
75		4.2.2	Describe several theories (adaptive and cognitive) aimed at explaining the function of sleep	Adaptive and Cognitive Theories and Sleep
76		4.2.3	Differentiate between REM and non-REM sleep	REM and non-REM Sleep
77		4.2.4	Describe the stages of sleep	Stages of Sleep
78		4.2.5	Describe and differentiate between theories on why we dream	Dreams and Dreaming
79		4.2.6	Describe the symptoms and treatments for insomnia, sleep apnea, and narcolepsy	Sleep Problems and Disorders
80	4.3	Explain how drugs affect consciousness		Drugs and Other States of Consciousness
81		4.3.1	Describe how substance abuse disorders are diagnosed	Psychoactive Drugs and Addiction
82		4.3.2	Explain how depressants impact nervous system activity	Alcohol and Other Depressants
83		4.3.3	Identify stimulants and describe how they affect the brain and body	Stimulants
84		4.3.4	Identify opioids and describe how they impact the brain and behavior	Opioids
85		4.3.5	Describe hallucinogens and how they affect the brain and behavior	Hallucinogens
86		4.3.6	Compare and contrast between depressants, stimulants, opioids, and hallucinogens	Comparing Stimulants, Opioids, and Hallucinogens
87		4.3.7	Describe hynonsis and meditation	Hypnosis and Meditation
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90	Module 5			Sensation and Perception
91	5.1	Differentiate between sensation and perception		Sensation and Perception
92		5.1.1	Define sensation and explain its connection to the concepts of absolute threshold, difference threshold and subliminal messages	What is Sensation?
93		5.1.2	Discuss the roles attention, motivation, and sensory adaptation play in perception	What is Perception?
94	5.2	Explain the process of vision and how people see color and depth		Vision
95		5.2.1	Describe the basic anatomy of the visual system	How We See
96		5.2.2	Describe how light waves enable vision	Light Waves and Vision
97		5.2.3	Describe the trichromatic theory of color vision and the opponent-process theory	Color
98		5.2.4	Describe how monocular and binocular cues are used in the perception of depth	Perception of Depth
99	5.3	Explain the basics of hearing		Hearing
100		5.3.1	Describe the basic anatomy and function of the auditory system	How We Hear