1 | Statistics on in-person visits with prisoners in Minnesota prisons | |||||
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2 | (based on 16,420 prisoners released between 2003 and 2007) | |||||
3 | For related discussion, see | |||||
4 | http://purplemotes.net/2012/10/07/prisoners-personal-visits/ | |||||
5 | ||||||
6 | source and notes | |||||
7 | ave. length of incarceration (months) | 20 | Duwe and Clark (2011) p. 18, and Table 1, p. 19. | |||
8 | ave. visits per prisoner | 36 | For additional data, see MN DOC extract table 1 | |||
9 | different individuals visiting | 3 | ||||
10 | prisoner sample includes both original sentences and parole violators | |||||
11 | visits are measured across full term of incarceration | |||||
12 | ||||||
13 | visitor category | prisoner share receiving at least one visit from visitor category | ave. visits per month | standard deviation of visits per month | ||
14 | Friend | 47% | 0.535 | 1.336 | ||
15 | Mother | 31% | 0.217 | 0.651 | ||
16 | Sibling | 26% | 0.110 | 0.422 | ||
17 | Son or daughter | 19% | 0.146 | 0.599 | ||
18 | Other relative | 18% | 0.060 | 0.279 | ||
19 | Father | 16% | 0.104 | 0.451 | ||
20 | Spouse | 8% | 0.125 | 0.769 | ||
21 | In-law | 7% | 0.020 | 0.169 | ||
22 | Grandparent | 7% | 0.025 | 0.177 | ||
23 | Other parent/guardian | 5% | 0.020 | 0.158 | ||
24 | Clergy | 2% | 0.005 | 0.068 | ||
25 | Ex-spouse | 1% | 0.007 | 0.131 | ||
26 | Grandchildren | 1% | 0.005 | 0.082 | ||
27 | Mentor | 1% | 0.004 | 0.054 | ||
28 | Other | 1% | 0.003 | 0.076 | ||
29 | Other professional | 0% | 0.001 | 0.016 | ||
30 | ||||||
31 | all visitors | 61% | 1.773 | 3.696 | ||
32 | among receiving visits | 2.907 |
1 | Statistics on in-person visits with prisoners in Florida prisons during year before prisoner's release | |||||
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2 | (based on 7,000 prisoners released between Nov. 2001 and Mar. 2002 and who were imprisoned for at least 12 months) | |||||
3 | ||||||
4 | ||||||
5 | ||||||
6 | visitor category | prisoner share receiving at least one visit from visitor category in past 12 months | ave. visits per month | source and notes | ||
7 | Parent | 27% | 0.197 | Bales and Mears (2008) p. 300, Table 1 | ||
8 | Relative | 22% | 0.095 | Prisoner visits counted across 12 months before release. | ||
9 | Friend | 12% | 0.063 | Prisoner visits have been top-coded at 12 (id. p. 301) | ||
10 | Significant other | 8% | 0.081 | Prisoners receiving 13 or more visits accounted for 11.3% of the sample. | ||
11 | Child | 6% | 0.022 | |||
12 | Spouse | 5% | 0.055 | |||
13 | Other person | 1% | 0.033 | |||
14 | ||||||
15 | any visitor category | 42% | 0.357 | |||
16 | sum of visitor categories | 0.545 | Discrepancy in ave. visit total plausibly is a result of the top-coding. | |||
17 | ||||||
18 | ||||||
19 | ||||||
20 | ||||||
21 | Raw source extract: | |||||
22 | ||||||
23 | Visitation within 12 months of release from prison | |||||
24 | Whether visited (0 = no, 1 = yes) .42 .49 | |||||
25 | Number of times visited (among all inmates) 4.28 9.57 | |||||
26 | Number of times visited (among inmates who were visited) 10.21 12.58 | |||||
27 | Visited by | mean | standardard deviation | |||
28 | Parent (0 = no, 1 = yes | 0.27 | 0.44 | |||
29 | Spouse (0 = no, 1 = yes | 0.05 | 0.21 | |||
30 | Significant other (0 = no, 1 = yes | 0.08 | 0.28 | |||
31 | Child (0 = no, 1 = yes | 0.06 | 0.23 | |||
32 | Relative (0 = no, 1 = yes | 0.22 | 0.41 | |||
33 | Friend (0 = no, 1 = yes | 0.12 | 0.32 | |||
34 | Other person (0 = no, 1 = yes | 0.01 | 0.1 | |||
35 | Number of times visited by | |||||
36 | Parent | 2.36 | 7.22 | |||
37 | Spouse | 0.66 | 4.48 | |||
38 | Significant other | 0.97 | 5.38 | |||
39 | Child | 0.26 | 1.74 | |||
40 | Relative | 1.14 | 3.72 | |||
41 | Friend | 0.76 | 3.73 | |||
42 | Other person | 0.39 | 0.73 | |||
43 | ||||||
44 | ||||||
45 | visitor category | visited | ave. visits | |||
46 | Parent | 0.27 | 2.36 | |||
47 | Relative | 0.22 | 1.14 | |||
48 | Friend | 0.12 | 0.76 | |||
49 | Significant other | 0.08 | 0.97 | |||
50 | Child | 0.06 | 0.26 | |||
51 | Spouse | 0.05 | 0.66 | |||
52 | Other person | 0.01 | 0.39 | |||
53 | ||||||
54 | any visitor category | 0.42 | 4.280 |
1 | Extract of descriptive statistics from Duwe and Clark (2011) Table 1 | |||||||||||
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6 | any visit | total number | per month | recent | ||||||||
7 | lid | mean | standard deviation | mean | standard deviation | mean | standard deviation | mean | standard deviation | notes | ||
8 | 1 | Visitation measure | 0.61 | 0.487 | 35.72 | 88.044 | 1.773 | 3.696 | 0.449 | 0.88 | The column "recent" reports the Recency Score. A recency value is a date of visit indicator proportionally scaled from 0 (date of incarceration) to 1 (date of release). | |
9 | 2 | Spouse | 0.08 | 0.266 | 2.67 | 19.576 | 0.125 | 0.769 | 0.061 | 0.397 | The recency value for each visit is summed and the total divided by the number of months of imprisonment to the get the Recency Score. Id. p. 13. | |
10 | 3 | Ex-spouse | 0.01 | 0.115 | 0.13 | 3.037 | 0.007 | 0.131 | 0.004 | 0.073 | That latter normalization doesn't make a lot of sense. It means that the Recency Score rises with the number of visits, even each visits occurs at | |
11 | 4 | Son or daughter | 0.19 | 0.393 | 2.9 | 13.195 | 0.146 | 0.599 | 0.074 | 0.311 | the same relative position in the spell of incarceration. | |
12 | 5 | Mother | 0.31 | 0.463 | 4.26 | 14.023 | 0.217 | 0.651 | 0.109 | 0.333 | ||
13 | 6 | Father | 0.16 | 0.367 | 2.02 | 9.401 | 0.104 | 0.451 | 0.053 | 0.234 | ||
14 | 7 | Other parent/guardian | 0.05 | 0.227 | 0.41 | 3.379 | 0.02 | 0.158 | 0.01 | 0.083 | ||
15 | 8 | Sibling | 0.26 | 0.439 | 2.5 | 10.701 | 0.11 | 0.422 | 0.057 | 0.226 | ||
16 | 9 | In-law | 0.07 | 0.259 | 0.42 | 3.051 | 0.02 | 0.169 | 0.01 | 0.092 | ||
17 | 10 | Other relative | 0.18 | 0.382 | 1.34 | 6.736 | 0.06 | 0.279 | 0.032 | 0.149 | ||
18 | 11 | Grandparent | 0.07 | 0.252 | 0.5 | 4.122 | 0.025 | 0.177 | 0.013 | 0.095 | ||
19 | 12 | Grandchildren | 0.01 | 0.114 | 0.14 | 2.991 | 0.005 | 0.082 | 0.003 | 0.04 | ||
20 | 13 | Friend | 0.47 | 0.499 | 9.96 | 27.427 | 0.535 | 1.336 | 0.274 | 0.705 | ||
21 | 14 | Clergy | 0.02 | 0.131 | 0.12 | 2.021 | 0.005 | 0.068 | 0.003 | 0.042 | ||
22 | 15 | Mentor | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.14 | 2.179 | 0.004 | 0.054 | 0.003 | 0.039 | ||
23 | 16 | Other professional | 0 | 0.061 | 0.01 | 0.287 | 0.001 | 0.016 | 0 | 0.012 | ||
24 | 17 | Other | 0.01 | 0.091 | 0.07 | 1.652 | 0.003 | 0.076 | 0.002 | 0.042 |