| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | AA | |
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1 | # | Therapeutic Category | Generic Name | Brand Name | Common Indications | Side Effects | BBW/Contraindications /Warning/Precautions | Other Considerations | |||||||||||||||||||
2 | 136 | 5-alpha reductase inhibitor | Finasteride | Proscar® Propecia® | Proscar: Enlarged Prostate Proprecia: Male pattern alopecia | Reduced Libido Erectile dysfunction Abnormal ejaculation | CI: Pregnancy Pregnant patients and patients who could become pregnant should not touch or handle crushed or broken tablets | NIOSH Medication: Use appropriate precautions for receiving, handling, administration, and disposal. | |||||||||||||||||||
3 | 277 | Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor | Rivastigmine | Exelon® | Alzheimer's Disease Dementia | Diarrhea Nausea/Vomiting Decrease appetite Fall risk | . | BEERS criteria | |||||||||||||||||||
4 | 237 | Alpha-/Beta- agonist; Vasopressor | Norepinephrine | Levophed® | Hypotension Hypotensive Shock | Hypertension Extravasation | Avoid extravasation; infuse into a large vein if possible (Central line preferred) | ||||||||||||||||||||
5 | 107 | Alpha-1 blocker | Doxazosin | Cardura® | Benign prostatic hyperplasia HTN | Orthostatic hypotension Dizziness/Vertigo Nausea Headache Abnormal ejaculation | May cause priapism. | BEERS criteria May cause orthostatic hypotension, rise slowly from a sitting/supine position | |||||||||||||||||||
6 | 294 | Alpha-1 blocker | Tamsulosin | Flomax® | Benign prostatic hyperplasia | Orthostatic hypotension Dizziness/Vertigo Headache Abnormal ejaculation | Beers Criteria Medication May cause priapism. | May cause orthostatic hypotension, rise slowly from a sitting/supine position | |||||||||||||||||||
7 | 159 | Alpha-2-Adrenergic Agonist | Guanfacine | Intuniv® Tenex® | HTN | Orthostatic hypotension Drowsiness Dizziness Fatigue | Avoid use with alcohol. | BEERS Criteria Medication. Abrupt discontinuation may precipitate a withdrawal syndrome, including rebound hypertension | |||||||||||||||||||
8 | 297 | Alpha-2-Adrenergic Agonist | Tizanidine | Zanaflex® | Muscle spasm/pain Spasticity | Xerostomia Orthostatic hypotension CNS Side effects Drowsiness Dizziness Fatigue | CI: Concomitant use of potent CYP1A2 inhibitors | Avoid activities requiring mental alertness until drug effects are realized | |||||||||||||||||||
9 | 116 | Alpha-Beta Agonist | Epinephrine | Adrenalin® EpiPen® | Anaphylaxis Hypotension Hypotensive shock Cardiac Arrest | Palpitations Sweating N/V Anxiety | There is no absolute contraindications in a life-threatening situation. | ||||||||||||||||||||
10 | 1 | Analgesic, Anti-pyretic | Acetaminophen | Tylenol® Ofirmev® (IV) | Mild to Moderate Pain Fever | BBW: Acetaminophen has been associated with cases of acute liver failure, at times resulting in liver transplant and death. | Maximum dose: 4 gram/24 hrs (Consider all sources of acetaminophen -- Combination products (ie Norco 5/325mg (Hydrocodone/APAP), OTC, and prescription products) Maximum dose for chronic use: 3gm/24hrs | ||||||||||||||||||||
11 | 295 | Androgen | Testosterone | AndroGel® Androderm® Fortesta® Testim® Depo-Testosterone® | Hypogonadism | Increase risk of Cancer Increase risk of VTE Increase risk of MACE | BBW: Testosterone undecanoate can cause blood pressure (BP) increases that can increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) BBW: Virilization has been reported in children who were secondarily exposed to topical testosterone gel and solution BBW: Because of the risks of serious Pulmonary oil microembolism (POME) reactions and anaphylaxis, testosterone undecanoate is available only through a restricted program under a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) called the Aveed REMS Program | Children should avoid contact with unwashed or unclothed application sites in men using topical testosterone. | |||||||||||||||||||
12 | 178 241 | Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB/Sartans) | Irbesartan Olmesartan | Avapro® Benicar® | HTN Acute myocardial infarction Chronic Kidney Disease | Hypotension Dizziness Angioedema Hyperkalemia AKI | BBW: When pregnancy is detected, discontinue as soon as possible. CI: Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus. | ||||||||||||||||||||
13 | 199 | Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB/Sartans) | Losartan | Cozaar® | HTN Acute myocardial infarction Chronic Kidney Disease Heart failure | Hypotension Dizziness Angioedema Hyperkalemia AKI | BBW: When pregnancy is detected, discontinue as soon as possible. CI: Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus. | ||||||||||||||||||||
14 | 35 | Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor; ACE Inhibitor; Antihypertensive | Benazepril | Lotensin® | HTN | Angioedema Dizziness Headache Cough Fatigue | US Box Warning Pregnancy - Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury and death to the developing fetus. Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus Concomitant use or within 36 hours of switching to or from a neprilysin inhibitor (eg, sacubitril) | Monitor BP, K, renal function, s/sx of angioedema | |||||||||||||||||||
15 | 115 195 271 | Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor; ACE Inhibitor; Antihypertensive | Enalapril Lisinopril Ramipril | Vasotec® Prinivil®, Zestril® Altace® | HTN Acute myocardial infarction Heart failure Chronic Kidney Disease | Angioedema Dizziness Headache Cough Fatigue | US Box Warning Pregnancy - Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury and death to the developing fetus. Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus Concomitant use or within 36 hours of switching to or from a neprilysin inhibitor (eg, sacubitril) | Monitor BP, K, renal function, s/sx of angioedema | |||||||||||||||||||
16 | 180 | Anti-anginal Agent; Vasodilator | Isosorbide mononitrate | Imdur® | Angina | Headache Hypotension Flushing Dizziness | CI: Concurrent use with phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors (Avanafil, Sidenafil, Tadalifil, or Vardenafil) | ||||||||||||||||||||
17 | 235 | Anti-anginal Agent; Vasodilator | Nitroglycerin | Nitrostat® Nitromistv® Nitro-BID® Nitro-Dur® | Angina Hypertensive Emergency (IV) | Headache Hypotension Flushing Dizziness | CI: Concurrent use with phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors (Avanafil, Sidenafil, Tadalifil, or Vardenafil) | ||||||||||||||||||||
18 | 49 | Anti-anxiety agent | Buspirone | Buspar® | Anxiety disorder | CNS Side Effects: Headache Dizziness Drowsiness | CI: Concomitant use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) | ||||||||||||||||||||
19 | 81 | Anti-anxiety (Benzodiazepine) | Clonazepam | Klonopin® | Anxiety disorder Seizure disorders | Antergrade amnesia CNS Side Effects: Dizziness Drowsiness Confusion | BBW: Concomitant use of benzodiazepines and opioids may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death. BBW: The use of benzodiazepines, including lorazepam, exposes users to risks of abuse, misuse, and addiction, which can lead to overdose or death. BBW: Dependence and withdrawl reactions (C-IV) | BEERS criteria | |||||||||||||||||||
20 | Anti-anxiety (Benzodiazepine) | Diazepam | Valium® | Anxiety disorder Seizure disorders Alcohol Withdrawl Muscle spasms | BEERS criteria | ||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | 198 12 92 | Anti-anxiety (Benzodiazepine) | Lorazepam Alprazolam | Ativan® Xanax® | Anxiety disorder Seizure disorders Alcohol Withdrawl | Antergrade amnesia CNS Side Effects: Dizziness Drowsiness Confusion | BEERS criteria | ||||||||||||||||||||
22 | 14 | Antiarrhythmic Agent, Class III | Amiodarone | Pacerone® Cordorone® Nexterone® | Supraventricular arrhythmias Ventricular arrhythmias | Bradycardia Hypotension Proarrhymic effects Pulmonary toxicity Thyroid effects Photosensitivity Visual disturbances Corneal microdeposits | BBW (tablet): Amiodarone is intended for use only in patients with indicated life-threatening arrhythmias because its use is accompanied by substantial toxicity. BBW (tablet): Fatal pulmonary toxicity and fatal hepatic toxicity BWW (tablet): Worsening arrhythmia | Monitoring: Electrolytes, pulmonary function test, liver function, thyroid function, eye exam Avoid in pregnancy and breast feeding IV administration: Recommend 0.22 micron filter to reduce incidence of phlebitis. | |||||||||||||||||||
23 | 70 | Anti-bacterial cleansing agent | Chlorhexidine | Peridex® Periogard® | Periodontitis; Gingivitis | Tooth discoloration Tongue discoloration Taste alteration Toothache Skin irritation | |||||||||||||||||||||
24 | 234 | Antibiotic | Nitrofurantoin | Macrobid® Macrodantin® | Cystitis | Loss of appetite N/V | CI: Because of the possibility of hemolytic anemia. CI in pregnant patients at term (38 to 42 weeks gestation), during labor and delivery, or when the onset of labor is imminent and neonates younger than 1 month of age CI: CLcr < 60, anuria, oliguria | BEERS criteria May cause brown colored urine | |||||||||||||||||||
25 | 216 | Antibiotic (Anti-infective; Antiprotozoal) | Metronidazole | Flagyl® | Bacterial vaginosis Intra-abdominal infection Pelvic inflammatory disease | CNS Side Effects: Periphral neuropathy Confusion Headache GI Side Effects: Nausea, Abdominal discomfort, Metallic taste | BBW: Carcinogenic in mice and rats | Avoid alcohol with drug due to disulfiram-like reaction | |||||||||||||||||||
26 | 261 | Antibiotic (Opthalmic) | Polymyxin / trimethoprim | Polytrim® (Ophthalmic) | Conjunctivitis | Eye irritation | |||||||||||||||||||||
27 | 222 | Antibiotic (Topical) | Mupirocin | Bactroban® [DSC] (topical) | Superficial skin infection; Staphylococcus aureus decolonization | Localized burning sensation Stinging of skin Localized pain | Nasal: Declonization of MRSA in nares | ||||||||||||||||||||
28 | 75 | Antibiotic corticosteroid combination | Ciprofloxacin/ dexamethasone | Ciprodex® (Otic) | Acute Otitis Externa | Ear pain/discomfort Ear redness | Ciprofloxacin --Tendon inflammation/rupture | ||||||||||||||||||||
29 | 74 | Antibiotic (Fluoroquinolone) | Ciprofloxacin | Cipro® | Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis Bacterial prostatitis Bacterial sinusitis Urinary tract infection Pneumonia Plague Anthrax | GI: Diarrhea CNS Side effects: Headache, Dizziness Insomnia | BBW: Tendinopathy and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects | Avoid use in pediatric due to ciprofloxacin should not be considered as drug of choice in children (exception is anthrax treatment) due to adverse drug effects related to joints and/or surrounding tissues. | |||||||||||||||||||
30 | 189 | Antibiotic (Fluoroquinolone) | Levofloxacin | Levaquin® | UTI Pneumonia Skin and structure infection | GI: Diarrhea CNS Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness Insomnia | BBW: Tendinopathy and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects BBW: Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis | Avoid use in pediatric | |||||||||||||||||||
31 | 110 | Antibiotic (Tetracycline) | Doxycycline | Vibramycin® | Acne Anthrax Rocky Mountain spotted fever Rosacea STD | Photosensitivity Diarrhea Esophagitis | Neonatal: Preterm neonates receiving oral tetracycline experienced a reversible decrease in fibular growth rate; data with doxycycline are unavailable; use caution. Pediatric: Due to risks of permanent tooth staining, manufacturers generally recommend to use tetracycline antibiotics in patients <8 years of age only when benefits outweigh the risks | ||||||||||||||||||||
32 | 231 | Antibiotic/Corticosteroid | Neomycin/polymyxin B/ dexamethasone | Maxitrol® (ophthalmic) | Inflammatory ocular conditions | CI: Epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, and most other viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva | Avoid driving or other activities requiring clear vision until drug effects are realized | ||||||||||||||||||||
33 | 15 | Antibiotic/Proton-pump inhibitor | Amoxicillin/ clarithromycin/ lansoprazole | Prevpac® | H. pylori infection | Altered taste Headache QT prolongation | . | . | |||||||||||||||||||
34 | 279 | Anticholinergic agent | Scopolamine | Transderm Scop® | Motion Sickness Prevent post-op N/V | Dry mouth Constipation Blurred vision Dizziness & Drowsiness | CI: Angle-closure glaucoma | BEERs criteria Devil Breath's Columbia Drug | |||||||||||||||||||
35 | 298 | Anticholinergic Agent | Tolterodine Solifenacin | Detrol® Vesicare® | Overactive bladder | Dry mouth Constipation Blurred vision Dizziness & Drowsiness | Gastric retention Urinary retention | BEERS Criteria Avoid activities requiring mental alertness until drug effects are realized. | |||||||||||||||||||
36 | 100 | Anticonvulsant | Divalproex valproate | Depakote® | Seizure disorder Bipolar disorder Migraine prophylaxis | GI Side effects: Abdominal pain Anorexia, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia, N/V Visual disturbances CNS Side effects (Dizziness & Drowsiness) | BBW: Fatal Hepatotoxicity Life-threatening Pancreatitis CI: Pregnancy | ||||||||||||||||||||
37 | 150 | Anticonvulsant | Gabapentin | Neurontin® | Seizure disorder Post-herptic pain | CNS Side Effects Dizziness Drowsiness Ataxia Respiratory depression Edema Nystagmus | BEERS criteria | ||||||||||||||||||||
38 | 183 | Anticonvulsant | Lamotrigine | Lamictal® | Seizure disorder Bipolar disorder | Rash Abdominal pain CNS Side Effects (Dizziness, Drowsiness, Ataxia) | BBW: cases of life threatening serious rash such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome has been caused by medication | ||||||||||||||||||||
39 | 187 | Anticonvulsant | Levetiracetam | Keppra® | Seizure disorder | GI Side effects: N/V/Anorexia CNS Side effects: Dizziness, Drowsiness, Headache, Fatigue Behavior side effects: Irritability | BEERS criteria | ||||||||||||||||||||
40 | 258 | Anticonvulsant | Phenytoin | Dilantin® | Seizure disorder | CNS Side effects N/V Constipation Rash Gingival hyperplasia | |||||||||||||||||||||
41 | 300 | Anticonvulsant | Topiramate | Topamax® Trokendi XR® | Seizure disorders Migraine prophylaxis | CNS Side Effects: Dizziness, Drowsiness, Ataxia, Fatigue | CI: Recent alcohol use within 6 hours prior and after topiramate use; Metabolic acidosis with concomitant metformin use | ||||||||||||||||||||
42 | 48 | Anti-depressant | Bupropion | Wellbutrin SR® Wellbutrin XL® | Major depressive disorder (MDD) Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) | CNS Side Effects Dizziness Drowsiness Headache Tachycardia | CI: MAOIs BBW: Suicidal ideation | (Zyban® -- Smoking Cessation) | |||||||||||||||||||
43 | 218 | Anti-depressant | Mirtazapine | Remeron® | Depressive disorder | CI: MAOIs BBW: Suicidal ideation | |||||||||||||||||||||
44 | 119 | Anti-depressant (SSRI) | Escitalopram | Lexapro | GAD MDD | Constipation N/V Somnolence Fatigue | CI: MAOIs BBW: Suicidal ideation | ||||||||||||||||||||
45 | 141 | Anti-depressant (SSRI) | Fluoxetine | Prozac® | Major depressive disorder Bulimia nervosa Panic disorder Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) | Diarrhea Nausea Dizziness Insomnia | CI: MAOIs BBW: Suicidal ideation | ||||||||||||||||||||
46 | 113 | Anti-depressant (SSRI/SNRI) | Duloxetine | Cymbalta® | Anxiety disorder Depressive disorder (GAD; MDD) Peripheral neuropathy Fibromyalgia | CNS Side Effects N/V Weight Loss | CI: MAOIs BBW: Suicidal ideation | ||||||||||||||||||||
47 | 16 | Anti-depressant (TCA) | Amitriptyline | Elavil | Major depressive disorder (MDD) | Weight gain Constipation Somnolence | Contraindications: Concurrent use with MAO inhibitors, linezolid, IV methylene blue; Myocardial infarction | ||||||||||||||||||||
48 | 108 | Anti-depressant (TCA) | Doxepin | Silenor® Prudoxin (Topical) | Anxiety disorder Depressive disorder Insomnia Pruritis | CNS Side Effects Dizziness Drowsiness Dry mouth Constipation Urinary retention | CI: MAOIs BBW: Suicidal ideation | ||||||||||||||||||||
49 | 99 | Anti-diarrheal | Diphenoxylate/atropine | Lomotil® | Diarrhea | Abdominal discomfort N/V Dizziness Somnolence | CI: Pediatric pts less than 6 years old, diarrhea associated with entero-toxin bacteria, obstructive jaundice; Caution use in elderly as antispasmodic due to high risk of delirium and dementia, abnormal liver function, anticholinergic/opioid toxicities, CNS depressants, | Advise patients of anticholinergic side effects of atropine in formulation, advise patients to not do activities that may require mental alertness. If no improvement is seen within 10 days, have pt seek primary care. Avoid alcohol | |||||||||||||||||||
50 | 3 | Antidote | Acetylcysteine | Acedote®, Mucomyst®, Mason Natural NAC® | Acetaminophen toxicity/overdose | Nonimmune anaphylaxis reaction → Skin rash, bronchospasm, hypotension N/V | Mucomyst® nebulizer: Thins mucus Mucomyst® oral: Prevent contrast dye induced nephrotoxicity. | ||||||||||||||||||||
51 | 22 | Antidote | Andexanet alfa | Andexxa | Reversal of anticoagulation in patients taking rivaroxaban and apixaban | BBW: Thromboembolic risks, ischemic events, cardiac arrest, sudden death | Reversal agent for rivaroxaban and apixaban | ||||||||||||||||||||
52 | 96 | Antidote | Digoxin immune Fab | DigiFab | Digoxin toxicity | Precautions: rapid onset of hypokalemia, cardiac dysfunction w/o inotropic support, monitor closely those with severe renal failure | Instruct patient to report for delayed allergic reactions after discharge from hospital | ||||||||||||||||||||
53 | 138 | Antidote | Flumazenil | Romazicon | benzodiazepine overdose/toxicity | BBW: Seizures. CI: patients given benzodiazepines for control of potentially life-threatening conditions (eg, control of intracranial pressure or status epilepticus); patients who may have ingested or are showing signs of cyclic-antidepressant overdosage. | Monitor patient for signs of benzodiazapine overdose at least 2 hours after administration and until the patient is stable. | ||||||||||||||||||||
54 | 225 | Antiemetic | Nabilone | Cesamet [DSC] | Refractory nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy | hypersensitivity to any cannabinoid | may cause orthostatic hypotension, rise slowly from a sitting/supine position | ||||||||||||||||||||
55 | 111 | Antiemetic, cannabinoid | Dronabinol | Marinol | AIDS - Loss of appetite; CINV | CI: hypersensitivity to sesame oil (capsules), alcohol,or are currently receiving disulfiram- or metronidazole- containing products within 14 days. | Monitor blood pressure. Avoid drinking alcohol with med, may cause mood swings, may be habit- forming, avoid driving or other tasks that call you to be alert until you see how this drug affects you. | ||||||||||||||||||||
56 | 157 | Antiemetic, serotonin receptor antagonist | Granisetron | Sancuso (patch) | Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting | Avoid applying heating pad over or near patch. Serotonin syndrome may occur and be associated with other serotonergic drugs | Report skin reactions and report symptoms of serotonin syndrome (rapid heart rate, high blood pressure and insomnia). | ||||||||||||||||||||
57 | 137 | Antifungal | Fluconazole | Diflucan | candidiasis; Candidal vulvovaginitis; Oropharyngeal candidiasis | CI: coadministration with CYP3A4 substrates, which may lead to QTc prolongation (eg, erythromycin, pimozide, quinidine) | renally adjusted | ||||||||||||||||||||
58 | 84 | Antigout | Colchicine | Colcrys | High uric acid levels | Hypersensitivity to colchicine; concurrent use with strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitors in patients with renal or hepatic failure | Instruct patient on appropriate dosing strategy for gout flares (dosing to symptom relief or onset of adverse effects, particularly diarrhea) | ||||||||||||||||||||
59 | 11 | Antigout, xanthine oxidase inhibitor | Allopurinol | Zyloprim, Aloprim | Hyperurecemia or gout | Hypersensitivity reactions, including severe rash (SJS/TEN); HLA-B*5801 testing prior to use (especially for Asian), hepatotoxicity, bone marrow suppression | Monitor CBC, LFTs, renal function Take after a meal (with food in stomach) to ↓nausea | ||||||||||||||||||||
60 | 166 | Antihistamine | Hydroxyzine | Vistaril | Pruritus, Sedation, Anxiety | BEERS criteria. CI: pregnancy or Prolonged QT interval | report symtoms of arrhythmias | ||||||||||||||||||||
61 | 188 | Antihistamine | Levocetirizine | Xyzal | Allergic rhinitis, Idiopathic urticaria | CI: CrCl< 10 ml/min or requiring dialysis; pediatric patients between 6 months and 11 years old with renal impairment | Avoid alcohol and CNS depressants while taking the medication | ||||||||||||||||||||
62 | 197 | Antihistamine | Loratadine | Claritin | allergic rhinitis, Idiopathic urticaria | monitor for hypersensitivity | May cause xerostomia | ||||||||||||||||||||
63 | 202 | Antihistamine | Meclizine | Antivert | Motion sickness; vertigo | BEERS criteria medication | may cause drowsiness, avoid alcohol | ||||||||||||||||||||
64 | 242 | Antihistamine | Olopatadine | Pataday (ophthalmic); Patanase (nasal) | Allergic conjunctivitis | monitor for hypersensitivity | nasal: avoid driving or other activities requiring mental alertness or coordination until drug effects are realized | ||||||||||||||||||||
65 | 44 | Antihistamine/decongestants/cough suppressant | Brompheniramine / pseudoephedrine / dextromethorphan | Bromfed DM | OTC could and cold | MAOIs; hypersensitivity | Monitor blood pressure | ||||||||||||||||||||
66 | 268 | Antihistamine; Antiemetic | Promethazine | Phenergan | Allergic conjunctivitis/reaction/rhinitis; N/V; sedation; motion sickness | BBW: injection specific- severe tissue injury (gangrene) subcutaneous route is contraindicated; Respiratory Depression in Pediatrics (less than 2 y.o.) | may cause photosensitivity | ||||||||||||||||||||
67 | 130 | Anti-hyperlipidemic | Ezetimibe | Zetia® | Hyperlipidemia | CI: concomitant use with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) in patients with active hepatic disease or unexplained persistent elevations in serum transaminases; pregnancy and breastfeeding (when used concomitantly with a statin) | Monitor for muscle pain | ||||||||||||||||||||
68 | 165 | Antimalarial | Hydroxychloroquine | Plaquenil | Malaria, Rheumatoid arthritis, Lupus erythematosus | Emergency use authorization for hospitalized COVID suspected or confirmed patients has been revoked | Take with food or milk. Take 4 hours before or after antacids. | ||||||||||||||||||||
69 | 196 | Antimanic | Lithium | Lithobid | Bipolar I disorder | BEERS criteria medication. BBW: lithium toxicity is closely related to serum lithium levels and can occur at doses close to therapeutic levels. | Report symptoms of serotonin syndrome and report symptoms of toxicity | ||||||||||||||||||||
70 | 209 | Antimetabolite; Antineoplastic Agent; Antirheumatic; Immunosuppressant agent | Methotrexate | Trexall, Otrexup | Rheumatoid arthritis; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; breast cancer; osteosarcoma | BBW: Oral- severe toxic reactions including severe or fatal toxicities; Subcutatnous- use only for severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis unresponsive to other therapies | Counsel female patient to avoid pregnancy during and for 6 months after final dose. Counsel male patient to avoid pregnancy in sexual partner during therapy and at least 3 months after dose | ||||||||||||||||||||
71 | 248 | Antimuscarinic; Antispasmodic agent | Oxybutynin | Ditropan XL, Oxytrol. Gelnique | Overactive bladder | CI: gastric retention, uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma and urinary retention | may cause dry mouth, dysuria and severe site reactions | ||||||||||||||||||||
72 | 102 | Antineoplastic | Docetaxel | Taxotere | Cancer (breast, GI, Lungs, Head-neck, and prostrate cancer) | BBW: Increased mortality( in patients with abnormal renal fuction, receiving higher doses and with non-small cell lung cancer), Hepatic function impairment, Neutropenia and Fluid retention. CI: Hypersensitivity to docetaxel and neutrophil <1,500/ mm3 | NIOSH Hazardous medication: Use appropriate precautions for receiving, handling, storage, preparation, dispensing, transporting, administration, and disposal. Monitor CBC, LFTs and Renal function, Most common adverse reactions are alopecia, Fluid retention and Anemia | ||||||||||||||||||||
73 | 109 | Antineoplastic | Doxorubicin | Adriamycin | Leukemia; Lymphoma | BBW: Cardiomyopathy, Extravasation,, Secondary Malignancy, Myelosuppresion. CI: hypersensitvity to doxorubicin, Recent MI, severe myocardial insufficiency, severe persistent drug-induced myelosuppresion, severe hepatic impairment | NIOSH Hazardous medication: Use appropriate precautions for receiving, handling, storage, preparation, dispensing, transporting, administration, and disposal. Monitor CBC, LFTs and Renal function. May cause discoloration of urine, sweat and tears. | ||||||||||||||||||||
74 | 140 | Antineoplastic | Fluorouracil, 5-FU | Adrucil | Breast & GI cancer; | BBW: Only have physicians experienced in cancer chemotherapy administer. CI: Bone marrow suppression, pregnancy, serious infection | prevent pregnancy (including sexual partner) during therapy and for up to 3 months after discontinuation | ||||||||||||||||||||
75 | 43 | Antineoplastic antibiotic | Bleomycin | Blenoxane | Lymphomas; Testicular Carcinoma; Malignant Pleural Effusion | Pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis; hypersensitivity | Total doses greater than 400 units should be given with great caution, as pulmonary toxicity appears to be dose-related | ||||||||||||||||||||
76 | 186 | Antineoplastic, LHRH agonist | Leuprolide | Lupron Depot | Prostate cancer | CI: pregnancy; undiagnosed and abnormal uterine bleeding | advise female patient to avoid pregnancy during therapy and report seizures | ||||||||||||||||||||
77 | 170 | Antineoplastic, TKI | Imatinib | Gleevec | acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia | no specific Contraindications have been determined | recommend female patient use of adequate contraception and avoid pregnancy during and after 14 days of therapy. Take med with a meal a large glass of water | ||||||||||||||||||||
78 | 37 | Antiparkinson anticholinergic | Benztropine | Cogentin | Parkinson's Disease (PD); management of extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) from antipsychotics | Precaution: elderly | On Beer's list; used for drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (eg, dystonia, parkinsonism) and parkinson disease (for tremors) | ||||||||||||||||||||
79 | 56 | Antiparkinsonian, decarboxylase inhibitor | Carbidopa/levodopa | Sinemet | Parkinson's disease | CI: Hypersensitivity to carbidopa or levodopa, narrow-angle glaucoma, concurrent MAOI or linezolid | Reduction of extrapyramidal movements, rigidity, tremor, gait disturbances may indicate efficacy. Advise patient that wearing-off effect may occur at the end of a dosing interval. A combination product of carbidopa, levodopa, and entacapone (Stalevo) is also available. Suspension formulation (Duopa) available for continuous delivery via pump directly into jejunal tube. | ||||||||||||||||||||
80 | 280 | Antiseborrheic | Selenium sulfide | Selsun | Dandruff; seborrheic dermatitis | CI: inflamed or exudative areas or extensive areas of skin | may cause alopecia, transient contact dermatitis or hair discoloration | ||||||||||||||||||||
81 | 94 | Antispasmodic | Dicyclomine | Bentyl | Irritable bowel syndrome | Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to dicyclomine, age <6 mo, breastfeeding, GI obstruction, glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, obstructive uropathy, reflux esophagitis, severe ulcerative colitis, toxic megacolon, unstable cardiovascular state in acute hemorrhage | May cause drowsiness; avoid driving and operating heavy equipment. Injectable formulation also available for IM use only (not to be used IV). Death has been reported of use of dicyclomine in infants by serious respiratory depression | ||||||||||||||||||||
82 | 36 | Antitussive | Benzonatate | Tessalon Perles | Symptomatic relief of cough | Warning: Do not use in children < 10 years of age; accidental ingestion and fatal overdose has been reported | Should not be crushed or altered | ||||||||||||||||||||
83 | 69 | Antitussive combinations | Chlorpheniramine / hydrocodone | TussiCaps | Cough, associated with allergies or a common cold | CI: known allergy or sensitivity to hydrocodone or chlorpheniramine. Caution is advised in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, asthma, or prostatic hypertrophy. | Controlled substance II | ||||||||||||||||||||
84 | 83 | Antitussive, opioid | Codeine / Promethazine | Phenergan | Cough, Associated with allergies or a common cold | BBW: Should not be used in patients less than 2 years old due to extreme risk of respiratory depression; Precautions: avoid in older adults due to anticholinergic effects, use in caution with those who have cardiac/hepatic/seizure disease, monitor for respiratory depression | Codeine is a considered a controlled V substance due to presence of promethazine, however is a CII when prescribed alone Avoid activities that require mental alertness when starting, caution with other medications that affect CNS or affect serotonin system | ||||||||||||||||||||
85 | 158 | Antitussive, opioid | Guaifenesin/ codeine | Cheratussin AC | temporarily relief of cough | BBW: respiratory depression and death has occurred in children who received codeine following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy.BEERS Criteria medication. | Controlled substance. Avoid activities that require mental alertness until drug effects are realized. | ||||||||||||||||||||
86 | 4 | Antiviral Agent | Acyclovir | Zovirax® | Acute treatment of Herpes Zoster (shingles) Management of recurrent episodes of Genital Herpes | N/V/D | Acyclovir dose is based on IBW Hydration required: Tablets should be taken with full glass (8 ounces) of water. IV administration: Give IV hydration. | ||||||||||||||||||||
87 | 21 | Aromatase inhibitor | Anastrozole | Arimidex | Adjuvant treatment for breast cancer | Higher risk of osteoporosis; Higher risk of CVD compared to SERMs | Hazardous agent: use appropriate precautions for receiving, handling, storage, preparation, dispensing, administration, and disposal | ||||||||||||||||||||
88 | 240 | Atypical Antipsychotic | Olanzapine | Zyprexa | Schizophrenia | BEERS criteria. BBW: risk of death is increased in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs | may impair heat regulation. Avoid activities that require mental alertness or coordination until drug effects are realized. | ||||||||||||||||||||
89 | 270 | Atypical antipsychotic | Quetiapine | Seroquel | Bipolar disorder; depression; schizoprehnia | BEERS criteria, BBW: Increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis, Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors increased in children, adolescents and young adults taking antidepressants | monitor for worsening depression and advise against sudden discontinuation | ||||||||||||||||||||
90 | 274 | Atypical antipsychotic | Risperidone | Risperdal | Bipolar disorder; schizoprehnia; autistic disorder | BEERS criteria, BBW: Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs are at increased risk of death | may cause orthostatic hypotension, rise slowly from a sitting/supine position. Monitor for signs of tardative dyskinesia | ||||||||||||||||||||
91 | 92 | Benzodiazeopine | Diazepam | Valium | Alcohol withdrawal; anxiety; status epilepticus; Skeletal muscle spasm | BBW: Risk of misuse with opioids and CNS depressants and risk of dependence; Contraindicated in acute narrow angle glaucoma, significant liver disease | Avoid alcohol use, do not abruptly stop due to risk fo withdrawal, monitor for previous seizure disorders, worsening of psych, and respiratory depression; Controlled Substance Schedule IV Rectal gel formulation (Diastat Acudial) allows for adjusting dose for individual patient needs. | ||||||||||||||||||||
92 | 81 | Benzodiazepine | Clonazepam | Klonopin | Seizure disorder; panic disorder | BBW: Risk of misuse with opioids and CNS depressants and risk of dependence; Contraindicated in acute narrow angle glaucoma, significant liver disease | Avoid alcohol use, do not abruptly stop due to risk fo withdrawal, monitor for previous seizure disorders, worsening of psych, and respiratory depression; Controlled Substance Schedule IV | ||||||||||||||||||||
93 | 60 | Beta blocker | Carvedilol | Coreg | Heart failure (HF); HTN | Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, bronchial asthma, severe sinus bradycardia, 2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block, sick sinus syndrome, overt heart failure, cardiogenic shock, severe hepatic impairment | Take carvedilol with food or milk. Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, renal function, Report signs/symptoms of adverse cardiovascular effects such as hypotension (especially in elderly patients), arrhythmias, syncope, palpitations, angina, or edema. | ||||||||||||||||||||
94 | 182 | Beta blocker | Labetalol | Trandate | Hypertension | CI: Bronchial asthma, cardiogenic shock, severe bradycardia and over cardiac failure | Medication may cause orthostatic hypotension and drug may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia | ||||||||||||||||||||
95 | 26 | Beta Blocker | Atenolol | Tenormin | Hypertension (HTN), angina, myocardial infarction (MI) | BBW: Do not discontinue abruptly Caution in patients with diabetes (can worsen hyper/hypoglycemia and mask hypoglycemic symptoms | Take w/ food. Avoid operating cars/ machines until you are used to the drug. Titrate q2wks and avoid abrupt withdrawal- 2-days dosage tapering. | ||||||||||||||||||||
96 | 296 | Beta blocker/carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; Antiglaucoma | Timolol / dorzolamide | Cosopt | ocular hypertension; open-angle glaucoma | CI: Bronchial asthma, cardiogenic shock, severe bradycardia and over cardiac failure | monitor for signs of cardiac failure, warn diabetic patients that drug may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia | ||||||||||||||||||||
97 | 27 | Beta blocker/thiazide diuretic | Atenolol/chlorthalidone | Tenoretic | HTN | Refer to atenolol and chlorthalidone section | Refer to atenolol and chlorthalidone section | ||||||||||||||||||||
98 | 214 | Beta blocker; Antihypertensive; Antianginal agent | Metoprolol succinate | Toprol XL | Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; early treatment and secondary prevention of mycodardial infarction; hypertension; angina | CI: Cardiogenic shock, decompensated heart failure, second- or third-degree heart block, severe bradycardia or sick sinus syndrome | advise against sudden discontinuation; this form of metoprolol does not have an IV formulation | ||||||||||||||||||||
99 | 215 | Beta blocker; Antihypertensive; Antianginal agent | Metoprolol tartrate | Lopressor | Early treatment and secondary prevention of mycodardial infarction; hypertension; angina | BBW: Do not abruptly discontinue tablets with patients with coronary artery disease | advise against sudden discontinuation; this form of metoprolol dose have an IV formulation | ||||||||||||||||||||
100 | 232 | Beta blocker; Antihypertensive; Antianginal agent | Nebivolol | Bystolic | Hypertension (alternative agent) | CI: Bronchial asthma, cardiogenic shock, severe bradycardia and over cardiac failure | May mask symptoms of hypoglycemia |