Comparison - Ranieri's Greek Pronunciation Chronology.xlsx

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	BH
7			6th c. BC	5th c. BC		4th c. BC		3rd c. BC		2nd c. BC		1st c. BC	BH

8	α	Ἄλφα	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	[ä], Spanish "casa"
9	ε	Ἒ Ψιλόν	e	e	e	e	e	e	e	e̞	e̞	e̞
10			e	e	e	e	e	e	e	e	e	e	French "dénouement"
11	ι	Ἰῶτα	i	i	i	i	i	i	i	i	i	i	"meteor" (or sometimes "mit")
12	ο	Ὂ Μικρόν	o	o	o	o	o	o	o	o̞	o̞	o̞	"obey"
13										o	o	o
14	υ	᾿Ύ Ψιλόν	u	y	y	y	y	y	y	y	y	y	Fench "lune"
16	ᾱ		aː	aː	aː	aː	aː	aː	aː	aː	aː	aː	α held longer
18	η	Ἦτα	æː ?	ɛː	ɛː	ɛː	e̞ː	e̞ː	e̞ː	e̞ː	e̞ː	e̞ː	"air"
21	ει	δίφθογγος!											slide from ε to ι, "they"
22	ει +C		eː	eː	e̝ː	e̝ː	iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	slide from ε to ι, "they"
24	ει +V		eː	eː	eː	eː	eː	eː	eː	e̝ː	e̝ː	e̝ː	rare! slide from ε to ι, "they"
27	ῑ		iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	iː	ι held longer
29	ω	Ὤ Μέγα	ɔː	ɔː	ɔː	ɔː	o̞ː	o̞ː	o̞ː	o̞ː	o̞ː	o̞ː	ο held longer, "go"
31	ου		o̝ː	uː	uː	uː	uː	uː	uː	uː	uː	uː	"pool"
33	ῡ		uː	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	υ held longer
36	αι		ai̯	ai̯	ai̯	ai̯	ai̯	ai̯	ai̯	ai̯	ai̯	ae̞̯
37												ai̯	slide from α to ι "time"
38	αυ		au̯	au̯	au̯	au̯	au̯	au̯	au̯	au̯	au̯	au̯	slide from α to υ, "cow"
39						aw	aw	aβʷ	aβʷ	aβʷ	aβʷ	aβʷ
40								aw	aw	aw	aw	aw
41	ευ		eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	eu̯	slide from ε to υ "neurology"
42						ew	ew	eβʷ	eβʷ	eβʷ	eβʷ	eβʷ
43								ew	ew	ew	ew	ew
44	οι		oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	oi̯	slide from ο to ι "boy"
45					øi̯	øi̯	øi̯	øi̯	øi̯	øi̯	øi̯	øy̯
46												øi̯
48	υι		ui̯	yi̯	yi̯	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	yː	slide from υ to ι "gooey"
49													ὁ υἱός, πεφυκυῖα
51	ᾳ		aːi̯	aːi̯	aːi̯	aːi̯	aːi̯	aːi̯	aːi̯	aːi̯	aːi̯	aː
52											aː	aːi̯	slide from ᾱ to ι
53	ῃ		ɛːi̯	ɛːi̯	ɛːi̯	ɛːi̯	eːi̯	eːi̯	eːi̯	eːi̯	eːi̯	e̞ː
54											e̞ː	e̞ːi̯	slide from η to ι
55	ῳ		ɔːi̯	ɔːi̯	ɔːi̯	ɔːi̯	o̞ːi̯	o̞ːi̯	o̞ːi̯	o̞ːi̯	o̞ːi̯	o̞ː
56											o̞ː	o̞ːi̯	slide from ω to ι
57	ᾱυ		aːu̯	aːu̯	aːu̯	aːu̯	aːu̯	aːu̯	aːu̯	aːu̯	aːu̯	au̯	αυ held longer
58						aːw	aːw	aːβʷ	aːβʷ	aːβʷ	aːβʷ	aβʷ
59								aːw	aːw	aːw	aːw	aw
60	ηυ		eːu̯	eːu̯	eːu̯	eːu̯	eːu̯	eːu̯	eːu̯	eːu̯	eːu̯	eu̯	rare!
61						eːw	eːw	eːβʷ	eːβʷ	eːβʷ	eːβʷ	eβʷ	ἥυγες, πηυδή
62								eːw	eːw	eːw	eːw	ew
63	ωυ		ɔːu̯	ɔːu̯	ɔːu̯	ɔːu̯	o̞ːu̯	o̞ːu̯	o̞ːu̯	o̞ːu̯	o̞ːu̯	o̞ː	rare!
64
66	‘		h	h	h	h	h	h	h	h	h	h	"hit"
68	ζ	Zῆτα	z̠d	z̠d	z̠ː	z̠ː	z̠ː	z̠ː	z̠ː	z̠ː	z̠ː	z̠ː	"zoo"
69	σ	Σίγμα	s̠	s̠	s̠	s̠	s̠	s̠	s̠	s̠	s̠	s̠	"sit"
71	γ +(ο,ω,ου,α)		g	g	g	g	g	g	g	g	g	g	"got"
72		Γάμμα							ɣ	ɣ	ɣ	ɣ
73	γ[γκμ] +(ο,ω,ου,α)		ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	"sing on"
74	γ							ɟ	ɟ	ɟ	ɟ	ɟ	"got"
75	+(ε,αι,η,υ,οι,ει)								ʝ	ʝ	ʝ	ʝ
76	γ[γκμ] +(ε,αι,η,υ,οι,ει)		ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ŋg	ɲɟ	ɲɟ	ɲɟ	ɲɟ	ɲɟ	"sing on"
77	δ	Δέλτα	d	d	d	d	d	d	d	d	d	d	"dog"
78								ð	ð	ð	ð	ð
79	β	Βῆτα	b	b	b	b	b	b	b	b	b	b	"bit"
80								β	β	β	β	β
83	χ	Χῖ	kʰ	kʰ	kʰ	kʰ	kʰ	kʰ~cʰ	kʰ~cʰ	kʰ~cʰ	kʰ~cʰ	kʰ~cʰ	hushed kh "khaki"
84												kx~cç	*kh is a unit and connot be broken
85												x~ç	between consonants
86	θ	Θῆτα	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ	tʰ
88												θ	"thick"
89	φ	Φῖ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ	pʰ
92												ɸ	"fin"
94	κ	Κάππα	k	k	k	k	k	k~c	k~c	k~c	k~c	k~c	"kin"
95	τ	Ταῦ	t	t	t	t	t	t	t	t	t	t	"tin"
96	π	Πῖ	p	p	p	p	p	p	p	p	p	p	"pin"
98	ρ	Ῥῶ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	r̥ʰ,r,ɾ	ɾ tap
100	ρρ												r trill
101	λ	Λάμβδα	l	l	l	l	l	l	l	l	l	l	"lit"
102	μ	Μῦ	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	m	"mit"
103	ν	Νῦ	n	n	n	n	n	n	n	n	n	n	"nit"
105	νκ, γκ		ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	ŋk	"sink"
107	ντ		nt	nt	nt	nt	nt	nt	nt	nt	nt	nt	"plant"
109	μπ		mp	mp	mp	mp	mp	mp	mp	mp	mp	mp	"camping"
111	ψ	Ψῖ	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	(ps)	"lapse"
112	ξ	Ξῖ	(x)	(x)	(x)	(x)	(x)	(x)	(x)	(x)	(x)	(x)	"lax"
113
114													As to ει not being a δίφθογγος, as Smyth says (Part 1, Point 6) basically everybody is correct, some uses of ει and ου are genuine diphthongs others are spurious/apparent diphthongs.
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135