Research On Electric Bicycle Policy Adoption

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
1	Government Level	Land Manager	Policy	State Electric Bicycle Law	Electric Bicycle Definition	Background	Supporting Documents

2	Local	City of Flagstaff, AZ	Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles allowed wherever bicycles are allowed	Yes		From December 2018 to October 2019, the City of Flagstaff held numerous public meetings from the Bicycle Advisory Committee, Pedestrian Advisory Committee, Transportation Commission, Community Development Department, Public Works Department to finally City Council, where council members voted to yes to adopt Ordinance No. 2019-19 and Resolution No. 2019-28 with amendments. Ordinance No. 2019-19 allows dockless electric bicycles to operate as part of the city’s bikeshare program. Resolution No. 2019-28 defines electric bicycles into a three-class system and allows Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles on the Flagstaff Urban Trail System (FUTS). Stakeholders and city staff shared concerns about safety while discussing electric bicycle access on sidewalks, downtown sidewalks, FUTS trails, and bike lanes. To address this concern, the city added provisions into Resolution No. 2019-28 that established fines if an electric bicycle user were to violate the rules outlined in the resolution. City staff agreed that Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles should be regulated the same as traditional bicycles because; such regulations provide consistency for messaging and enforcement and helps avoid confusion, electric bicycles can help promote bicycle use and reduce automobile use, electric bicycles provide a more accessible transportation option for people with mobility limitations. The city stated that they should work to accommodate electric bicycles and other devices in the planning and design of multi-modal facilities. The city outlines these impacts of the electric bicycle policy: Financial Impact: - Etiquette and prohibition signs. - Printed informational materials and online social media posts. - Staff time to manage information, education, and outreach efforts. - Police Department enforcement Policy Impact: - Addressing electric bicycles on FUTS trails helps promote sustainable transportation options.	Flagstaff Municipal Code Chapter 9-05 Electric Bicycle Survey of City Staff Electric Bicycle Community survey Presentation on Electric Bicycles Amended Resolution No. 2019-28 Ordinance No. 2019-19 Public Meetings Concerning Electric Bicycles
3	Local	Maricopa County, AZ	Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles allowed wherever bicycles are allowed	Yes	Arizona Revised Statutes 28-101 three class electric bicycle definition	In December of 2018, Maricopa County Parks internally decided to adopt the Arizona Revised Statute 28-819, which allows Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles wherever bicycles are allowed on trails managed by the county. The county noted that the revised statute does allow local jurisdictions to prohibit electric bicycles by adopting a rule or regulation. The department decided to instead monitor the use of electric bicycles and any related safety issues to determine if a new park rule is warranted in the future. No revisions to the policy have been needed since its adoption.	Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Director's Summary of Current Events Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Electric Bicycle Policy Arizona Revised Statute 28-819
4	Local	Boulder County, CO	Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles are allowed on designated trails where bikes are allowed.	Yes	C.R.S. 42-1-102 three class electric bicycle definition	Boulder County’s electric bicycle policy was informed by a one-year pilot program where electric bicycles were allowed on certain county trails. This pilot showed that electric bicycles did not cause any social conflict or trail impacts. Public comments were collected throughout the pilot program to understand how local residents felt about expanding trail access to electric bicycles. The results of these comments demonstrated support for Class 1 and 2 electric bicycle access on regional trails and plains wherever bikes are allowed. These findings were presented back to the public through three open house sessions and then to the Planning Commission and Parks & Open Space Advisory Committee. All of these meetings resulted in a continued support for allowing Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles on regional trails and plains. Boulder County additionally conducted a literature review and a countywide telephone survey to learn more about electric bicycles and who is using them in the county. On Nov. 13, 2019, the Board of County Commissioner approved allowing Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles on Boulder County trails on the plains where regular bikes are allowed with the exception of three trails. These trails were excluded as they lead to a neighboring jurisdiction that does not allow electric bicycles. Individual stakeholders throughout the process supported electric bicycles, stating that they can reduce cars on the road, improve parking downtown and meet sustainability goals. Individuals who opposed the use of electric bicycles on country trails argued that they are motorized vehicles and do not belong on non-motorized trails.	Boulder County Electric Bicycle Webpage Staff Recommendation for Electric Bicycles Electric Bicycle Countywide Telephone Survey Electric Bicycle Literature Review Electric Bicycle Pilot Program Public Comments Electric Bicycle Pilot Program Study Results Summary of Boulder County’s Electric Bicycle Policy Process
5	Local	Jefferson County, CO	Class 1 electric bicycles are allowed on natural surface trails within the parks. Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles are allowed on paved trails within the parks.	Yes	C.R.S. 42-1-102 three class electric bicycle definition	Jefferson County Open Space conducted electric bicycle demos, a pilot program, extensive research and worked with local bicycle advocacy groups to develop an electric bicycle policy that suited their community best. The county provided ample time for public outreach and opportunities to easily gather feedback on how trail users felt about electric bicycles and how they should be managed on Jefferson County trails.	Electric Bicycle Presentation Electric Bicycle Demo Survey Results
6	Local	City of Durango, CO	Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles are allowed on paved city trails.	Yes	C.R.S. 42-1-102 three class electric bicycle definition	In response to citizen inquiries regarding the prohibited use of electric bicycles on City trails, the Parks and Recreation Advisory Board, Natural Lands Preservation Advisory Board, and the Multi-Modal Advisory Board initiated an extensive public process in September 2016. Since that time, there have been five (5) joint advisory board meetings and four (4) Electric bicycle subcommittee meetings to study the use of electric bicycles on City trails.Outcomes of this public process included the development of an educational program on City Trail Rules and Etiquette, improved safety measures including signage and trail surface markings have been implemented on the Animas River Trail, and an Electric Bicycle Pilot Program was initiated in September 2017. The pilot program allowed Class 1 and 2 electric bicycles on the Animas River Trail, the Florida Road Trail and the Goeglein Gulch Road Trail. No community complaints were filed during the pilot program. The joint advisory boards met on October 24, 2018 to discuss the results of the Electric Bicycle Pilot Program and unanimously recommended to the Durango City Council to amend the Code of Ordinances to allow Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles on City hard surface or paved trails. City Council approved this proposal and cited that most cities do not allow electric bicycles on natural surfaces and that Durango should continue to follow this model. The city approved this recommendation, stating that this policy meets council goals and objectives, particularly Goal 2: Foster Civic Engagement and Democracy by encouraging citizen and youth participation, open and transparent government, and regional leadership; and Goal 3: Demonstrate Government Performance through efficient, effective and innovative City operations. Throughout the public process, stakeholders shared concerns of safety in allowing electric bicycles and a possible need for a speed limit on trails. To test this concern, city staff used a radar gun to see how fast bicyclists travel on the popular Animas River Trail. Trail user speeds ranged from below 4 mph to 29 mph. Knowing these speeds and the police department’s lack of capacity to enforce a mandated speed limit, it was decided to not enforce a speed limit on city bike trails. A sign for a suggested speed limit in congested areas was also discussed but city staff decided that a speed limit could potentially discourage biking on the trail, which is a large tourist attraction in Durango.	Ordinance 2018-25 City of Durango Electric Bicycle Webpage City Council Study Session: Electric Bicycle Pilot Program Multi-Modal Advisory Board Meeting: Finalizing Electric Bicycle Pilot Program City Manager and the Parks and Recreation Director Recommendation to City Council City Council Approval of Electric Bicycles
7	Local	City of Fort Collins, CO	Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles are allowed on paved trails after a year-long pilot program.	Yes	Electrical assisted bicycle. A vehicle having two (2) or three (3) wheels fully operable pedals, and an electric motor not exceeding seven hundred fifty (750) watts of power. Electrical assisted bicycles are further required to conform to one (1) of three (3) classes as follows: "Class 1 electrical assisted bicycle" means an electrical assisted bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches a speed of twenty (20) miles per hour. "Class 2 electrical assisted bicycle" means an electrical assisted bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance regardless of whether the rider is pedaling but ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches a speed of twenty (20) miles per hour. (c) "Class 3 electrical assisted bicycle" means an electrical assisted bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches a speed of twenty-eight (28) miles per hour.	From 2019-2020, the City of Fort Collins approved a one-year pilot program, which allowed Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles on paved trails. During the pilot program, the City of Fort Collins joined Boulder County, Larimer County, and the City of Boulder as a funding partner in the completion of a Literature Review to provide a snapshot of relevant research related to electric bicycles and how they are being addressed in other jurisdictions.The literature review also assessed broader topics related to recreation conflict and emerging technology. City staff and volunteers collected data and feedback from the community to assess perceptions and impacts associated with allowing electric bicycles on paved trails. After the program, city staff presented the results to City Boards, Commissions and Committees. These results demonstrated broad community support for Class 1 and 2 electric bicycle access on paved trails. Community members stated that they support electric bicycle access on paved trails because they provide support for those needing additional assistance, they are not different from a traditional bicycle and that they support alternative modes of transportation. The primary reasons people indicated opposing electric bicycles on paved trails were due to concerns over safety and speed, perspectives that electric bicycles are motorized vehicles and that they lead to negative trail experiences. On April 21, 2020, City Council approved City and Traffic Code updates to allow Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles on paved trails. One council member did not vote in favor of this proposal due to it allowing Class 2 electric bicycles, stating that the Senior Advisory Board, Parks and Recreation Board, and the Land Conservation and Stewardship Boards all recommended against allowing Class 2 electric bicycles. These boards argued that Class 2 should not be allowed because the throttle makes the bicycles a motorized vehicle and could therefore impact the trail and surrounding areas.	City of Fort Collins Electric Bicycle Webpage Electric Bicycle Literature Review Draft Electric Bicycle Pilot Program Framework Findings from the Electric Bicycle Pilot Program City Council Approval of Electric Bicycles Meetings that developed the electric bicycle pilot program: Bicycle Advisory Committee August 2018 Transportation Board October 2018 Natural Resources Advisory Board October 2018 Land Conservation & Stewardship Board November 2018 Senior Advisory Board December 2018 Parks and Recreation January 2019 Air Quality Advisory Board (Draft minutes - pending Board approval) February 2019 Commission on Disability memo February 2019 Youth Advisory Board (Draft minutes - pending Board approval)
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