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1 | MpoxLiterature List - CURRENTLY UPDATED WEEKLY ON TUESDAYS STARTING OCTOBER 2024 (see methods for history of update cycle frequency) | Contact Lisa Waddell @ NML, PHAC for more information lisa.waddell@phac-aspc.gc.ca) | Level 1 screening | L1 Screening Clade I | Level 2 Data Extraction NOTE: Data is no longer being extracted after May 23, 2023. | High-risk Population NOTE: Data is no longer being extracted after May 23, 2023. | Outcomes Covered | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | Search Date | Refid | Bibliography | Author | Abstract | Primary? | Clade 1 | Included in Feb 26 Clade 1 LEP (yes) | Comments for clade I | data_extraction_k | Article type | Country of conduct | Historical/2022 Outbreak Data | Date of study | Clade | Study Design | Children | Pregnant women | Immunocompromised | Healthcare workers | High-risk group not specified | None/NA | Transmission Efficienc | Estimates of Outbreak size or duration | Secondary Attack Rate | Modes of Transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Asymptomatic, pre-symptomatic transmission | Infectious Period | Incubation Period | Serial Interval | Generation Time | Serological data | Clinical Characteristics | Severity | Severity Risk Factors | Mortality | Mortality Risk Factors | Infection-induced Immunity | Pre-Exposure VE | Post-Exposure VE | Experimental studies on vaccine candidates | Therapeutics | IPC healthcare settings | IPC home/community settings | IPC general | Diagnostic Test Accuracy | Genomics and Structural Characterization | Emergence and Spread | Public Health Measures | Adherence to PHMs | Zoonotic Transmission | Animal Hosts/ Zoonotics | Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours | No relevant outcomes for evidence profile | Key Results | Methods (currently back filling data and will update as completed) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | 5/31/2022 | 2 | A Novel International Monkeypox Outbreak ( 2) Ann Intern Med . Adalja, A., Inglesby, T.. 2022/05/24 (2022): #pages#--> 10.7326/m22-1581 ; #URL# | Adalja, A., Inglesby, T. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | 5/31/2022 | 3 | Clinical features and management of human monkeypox: a retrospective observational study in the UK ( 3) Lancet Infect Dis . Adler, H., Gould, S., Hine, P., Snell, L. B., Wong, W., Houlihan, C. F., Osborne, J. C., Rampling, T., Beadsworth, M. B., Duncan, C. J., Dunning, J., Fletcher, T. E., Hunter, E. R., Jacobs, M., Khoo, S. H., Newsholme, W., Porter, D., Porter, R. J., Ratcliffe, L., Schmid, M. L., Semple, M. G., Tunbridge, A. J., Wingfield, T., Price, N. M.. 2022/05/28 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00228-6 ; #URL# | Adler, H., Gould, S., Hine, P., Snell, L. B., Wong, W., Houlihan, C. F., Osborne, J. C., Rampling, T., Beadsworth, M. B., Duncan, C. J., Dunning, J., Fletcher, T. E., Hunter, E. R., Jacobs, M., Khoo, S. H., Newsholme, W., Porter, D., Porter, R. J., Ratcliffe, L., Schmid, M. L., Semple, M. G., Tunbridge, A. J., Wingfield, T., Price, N. M. | BACKGROUND: Cases of human monkeypox are rarely seen outside of west and central Africa. There are few data regarding viral kinetics or the duration of viral shedding and no licensed treatments. Two oral drugs, brincidofovir and tecovirimat, have been approved for treatment of smallpox and have demonstrated efficacy against monkeypox in animals. Our aim was to describe the longitudinal clinical course of monkeypox in a high-income setting, coupled with viral dynamics, and any adverse events related to novel antiviral therapies. METHODS: In this retrospective observational study, we report the clinical features, longitudinal virological findings, and response to off-label antivirals in seven patients with monkeypox who were diagnosed in the UK between 2018 and 2021, identified through retrospective case-note review. This study included all patients who were managed in dedicated high consequence infectious diseases (HCID) centres in Liverpool, London, and Newcastle, coordinated via a national HCID network. FINDINGS: We reviewed all cases since the inception of the HCID (airborne) network between Aug 15, 2018, and Sept 10, 2021, identifying seven patients. Of the seven patients, four were men and three were women. Three acquired monkeypox in the UK: one patient was a health-care worker who acquired the virus nosocomially, and one patient who acquired the virus abroad transmitted it to an adult and child within their household cluster. Notable disease features included viraemia, prolonged monkeypox virus DNA detection in upper respiratory tract swabs, reactive low mood, and one patient had a monkeypox virus PCR-positive deep tissue abscess. Five patients spent more than 3 weeks (range 22-39 days) in isolation due to prolonged PCR positivity. Three patients were treated with brincidofovir (200 mg once a week orally), all of whom developed elevated liver enzymes resulting in cessation of therapy. One patient was treated with tecovirimat (200mg twice daily for 2 weeks orally), experienced no adverse effects, and had a shorter duration of viral shedding and illness (10 days hospitalisation) compared with the other six patients. One patient experienced a mild relapse 6 weeks after hospital discharge. INTERPRETATION: Human monkeypox poses unique challenges, even to well resourced health-care systems with HCID networks. Prolonged upper respiratory tract viral DNA shedding after skin lesion resolution challenged current infection prevention and control guidance. There is an urgent need for prospective studies of antivirals for this disease. FUNDING: None. | Yes - Primary | Peer-reviewed journal article | United Kingdom | Historical data | Aug 2018- Sep 2021 | Clade II /West African clade | Retrospective case series | None/NA | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Infectious period | Severity | Pre-exposure vaccination (e.g. VE) | Therapeutics | INFECTIOUS PERIOD: One retrospective case series of 7 cases (Aug 2018- Sept 2021) reported PCR positivity (CT<40) 6-21 days (max 45 days) in upper respiratory tract, 4-23 days in blood, 9-25 days in urine. An abscess was also PCR positive. VIRAL KINETICS/DATA ON POSTIVE SAMPLES: Several different samples have been positive for viral DNA in upper respiratory tract swabs, blood, urine and pustules . SEVERITY: Prolonged viraemia and upper respiratory tract viral shedding led to extended isolation in hospital (duration ranged from 10-39 days). PRE-EXPOSURE VACCINATION: A dose of smallpox vaccine (Modified Vaccinia Ankara- Bavarian Nordic) on day 6 post-exposure to an infected patient did not prevent a healthcare worker from getting monkeypox, symptoms started 18 days post-exposure in 2018 THERAPEUTICS: *No effectiveness data and therefore not reported in profile. Seven patients, reported one patient was treated with tecovirimat (600 mg twice daily for two weeks orally). The patient developed no new lesions after 24 hours after treatment, no adverse effects, and had a shorter duration of upper respiratory viral shedding (6 vs >12 days of Ct<40), and illness (10 days vs 13-39 days of hospitalization) compared to the 6 patients. Three patients were treated with brincidofovir (200 mg once a week orally) but ceased after experiencing elevated liver enzymes. | This study describe the clinical presentation, evolution, complications, and management of seven patients. We also report the viral kinetics and the use of brincidofovir and tecovirimat to treat human monkeypox. In this retrospective observational study, we report the clinical features, longitudinal virological findings, and response to off-label antivirals in seven patients with monkeypox who were diagnosed in the UK (defined as a compatible clinical illness with positive monkeypox viral PCR from any anatomical site) between Aug 15, 2018, and Sept 10, 2021, identified through retrospective case-note review. Samples, including EDTA (edetic acid) blood samples, urine samples, swabs of persistent lesions or lesion fluid, and upper respiratory tract swabs, were typically taken every 48–72 h until two consecutive negative results were recorded from each anatomical site (ie, skin, blood, or respiratory tract). These negative results, coupled with desquamation of all visible lesions, no new lesions, and no active mucosal lesions, comprised the framework agreed by the HCID network for discharging patients to the community.Serological testing was not performed given the high specificity of PCR. however, serum from four people in contact with monkeypox was tested for orthopoxvirus IgG and IgM by immunofluorescence assay . This study included all patients who were managed in dedicated high consequence infectious diseases (HCID) centres in Liverpool, London, and Newcastle, coordinated via a national HCID network. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | 5/31/2022 | 20 | Monkeypox outbreak questions intensify as cases soar ( 20) Science . Cohen, J.. 376,2022/05/27 (2022): 902--> 10.1126/science.add1583 ; #URL# | Cohen, J. | Rapid emergence of hundreds of cases around the world alarms public health officials and scientists. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | 5/31/2022 | 23 | Imported Monkeypox from International Traveler, Maryland, USA, 2021 ( 23) Emerg Infect Dis . Costello, V., Sowash, M., Gaur, A., Cardis, M., Pasieka, H., Wortmann, G., Ramdeen, S.. 28,2022/03/10 (2022): 1002--> 10.3201/eid2805.220292 ; https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/28/5/22-0292_article | Costello, V., Sowash, M., Gaur, A., Cardis, M., Pasieka, H., Wortmann, G., Ramdeen, S. | A case of monkeypox was diagnosed in a returning traveler from Nigeria to Maryland, USA. Prompt infection control measures led to no secondary cases in 40 exposed healthcare workers. Given the global health implications, public health systems should be aware of effective strategies to mitigate the potential spread of monkeypox. | Yes - Primary | Short communications | United States | Historical data | 2021 | Clade II /West African clade | Case report | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | Therapeutics | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: A 28-year-old man sought care for a diffuse vesicular rash that had developed over the preceding 24–48 hours. He had traveled on a flight from Lagos, Nigeria, and arrived in the United States the day he sought care. While in Nigeria, he visited relatives, stayed in hotel lodging without travel to rural regions, and had no interactions with animals or animal carcasses CLINICAL: A 28-year-old man sought care for a diffuse vesicular rash that had developed over the preceding 24–48 hours. He had traveled on a flight from Lagos, Nigeria, and arrived in the United States the day he sought care. While in Nigeria, he visited relatives, stayed in hotel lodging without travel to rural regions, and had no interactions with animals or animal carcasses. During his flight from Lagos, he noticed a burning sensation on his skin, followed by development of discrete vesicles on his forehead and nose, which spread to his arms, trunk, and inner thighs over several hours. Cervical lymphadenopathy and numerous 2–4-mm pustules on an erythematous base. Some of these pustules had central umbilication and were present diffusely with acrofacial propensity, favoring the face, neck, and hands. A few 2–3-mm round erosions were noted on the oral mucosa, and an intact pustule was observed on the lower mucosal lip He denied having associated symptoms, including fever, chills, or headache. Based on the travel history of the patient and histopathologic findings, we suspected monkeypox, likely acquired by human contact in the absence of any animal exposures. - Doesn't state the mode. THERAPEUTICS: Intravenous acyclovir for empiric treatment of disseminated varicella zoster virus infection and within 24 hours of admission, no new lesions developed. No smallpox vaccine was administered. | *Formerly preprint Refid 1. A case of monkeypox was diagnosed in a returning traveler from Nigeria to Maryland, USA. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | 5/31/2022 | 30 | Investigating the monkeypox outbreak ( 30) Bmj . Dye, C., Kraemer, M. U. G.. 377,2022/05/27 (2022): o1314--> 10.1136/bmj.o1314 ; https://www.bmj.com/content/377/bmj.o1314 | Dye, C., Kraemer, M. U. G. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | 5/31/2022 | 36 | In Silico Identification of Non-cross-reactive Epitopes for Monkeypox Cell Surface-Binding Protein ( 36) Research Square prepub . Gao, Andrew, Gao, Sarah. #volume# (2022): #pages#--> https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1693979/v1 ; https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1693979/v1 | Gao, Andrew, Gao, Sarah | Smallpox, a disease caused by the Variola virus, was eradicated after global vaccination efforts. Recently, the monkeypox virus (MPV) has been spreading worldwide and is becoming a significant concern. The cell surface-binding protein E8L is found on MPV virion membranes and is essential for virion attachment to host cells, potentially making it an attractive vaccine target. In this study, E8L was investigated to assess its viability as a vaccine target and identify epitopes. BLAST analysis showed that the MPV Zaire-96-I-16 strain E8L amino acid sequence exhibits 38.2% percent identity with the human enzyme carbonic anhydrase III (CA3). Multiple sequence alignment and Expasy Translate were used to identify the corresponding E8L amino acid sequence of the May 2022 Massachusetts MPV case draft genome. The Massachusetts MPV E8L sequence was identical to the Zaire strain E8L sequence except for a single residue. Peptide Match software was used to identify pentapeptide subunits of E8L that are not found within the human proteome, thus addressing concerns about cross-reactivity with human proteins (such as CA3) and improving antigen specificity. Overall, 28 such pentapeptides were identified. The Immune Epitope Database was queried for experimentally-characterized epitopes/antigens containing these 28 pentapeptides, yielding 21 matching epitopes, demonstrating that some of these pentapeptides can evoke immune responses. This study identified human-foreign pentapeptides within E8L which could be explored to find viable epitopes for MPV vaccines. While existing vaccines confer protection against MPV, the risk of vaccine escape (as seen with SARS-CoV-2) suggests that additional vaccines should be investigated. | Yes - Primary | Preprint | United States | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Not specified | In silico study | None/NA | Genomics and structural characterization | STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION: An in silico study identified 28 human-foreign pentapeptides within cell surface-binding protein E8L as potential viable epitopes for MPXV vaccines | In this study, E8L was investigated to assess its viability as a vaccine target and identify epitopes. The search query “monkeypox virus cell surface binding protein” was submitted to the online Uniprot database. The results were filtered to show reviewed entries only. BLAST analysis and multiple sequence alignment and Expasy Translate were used to identify the corresponding E8L amino acid sequence of the May 2022 Massachusetts MPV case draft genome. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | 5/31/2022 | 39 | Daily briefing: Why scientists are worried about monkeypox ( 39) Nature . Graham, F.. 2022/05/24 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1038/d41586-022-01455-y ; #URL# | Graham, F. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | 5/31/2022 | 42 | What to Know About Monkeypox ( 42) Jama . Harris, E.. 2022/05/28 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1001/jama.2022.9499 ; #URL# | Harris, E. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | 5/31/2022 | 55 | Monkeypox goes global: why scientists are on alert ( 55) Nature . Kozlov, M.. 2022/05/21 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1038/d41586-022-01421-8 ; #URL# | Kozlov, M. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | 5/31/2022 | 56 | Monkeypox outbreaks: 4 key questions researchers have ( 56) Nature . Kozlov, M.. 2022/05/28 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1038/d41586-022-01493-6 ; #URL# | Kozlov, M. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | 5/31/2022 | 61 | Seven monkeypox cases are confirmed in England ( 61) Bmj . Mahase, E.. 377,2022/05/18 (2022): o1239--> 10.1136/bmj.o1239 ; #URL# | Mahase, E. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
14 | 5/31/2022 | 62 | Monkeypox: What do we know about the outbreaks in Europe and North America? ( 62) Bmj . Mahase, E.. 377,2022/05/21 (2022): o1274--> 10.1136/bmj.o1274 ; #URL# | Mahase, E. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
15 | 5/31/2022 | 63 | Exportation of Monkeypox Virus From the African Continent ( 63) J Infect Dis . Mauldin, M. R., McCollum, A. M., Nakazawa, Y. J., Mandra, A., Whitehouse, E. R., Davidson, W., Zhao, H., Gao, J., Li, Y., Doty, J., Yinka-Ogunleye, A., Akinpelu, A., Aruna, O., Naidoo, D., Lewandowski, K., Afrough, B., Graham, V., Aarons, E., Hewson, R., Vipond, R., Dunning, J., Chand, M., Brown, C., Cohen-Gihon, I., Erez, N., Shifman, O., Israeli, O., Sharon, M., Schwartz, E., Beth-Din, A., Zvi, A., Mak, T. M., Ng, Y. K., Cui, L., Lin, R. T. P., Olson, V. A., Brooks, T., Paran, N., Ihekweazu, C., Reynolds, M. G.. 225,2020/09/04 (2022): 1367--> 10.1093/infdis/jiaa559 ; #URL# | Mauldin, M. R., McCollum, A. M., Nakazawa, Y. J., Mandra, A., Whitehouse, E. R., Davidson, W., Zhao, H., Gao, J., Li, Y., Doty, J., Yinka-Ogunleye, A., Akinpelu, A., Aruna, O., Naidoo, D., Lewandowski, K., Afrough, B., Graham, V., Aarons, E., Hewson, R., Vipond, R., Dunning, J., Chand, M., Brown, C., Cohen-Gihon, I., Erez, N., Shifman, O., Israeli, O., Sharon, M., Schwartz, E., Beth-Din, A., Zvi, A., Mak, T. M., Ng, Y. K., Cui, L., Lin, R. T. P., Olson, V. A., Brooks, T., Paran, N., Ihekweazu, C., Reynolds, M. G. | BACKGROUND: The largest West African monkeypox outbreak began September 2017, in Nigeria. Four individuals traveling from Nigeria to the United Kingdom (n = 2), Israel (n = 1), and Singapore (n = 1) became the first human monkeypox cases exported from Africa, and a related nosocomial transmission event in the United Kingdom became the first confirmed human-to-human monkeypox transmission event outside of Africa. METHODS: Epidemiological and molecular data for exported and Nigerian cases were analyzed jointly to better understand the exportations in the temporal and geographic context of the outbreak. RESULTS: Isolates from all travelers and a Bayelsa case shared a most recent common ancestor and traveled to Bayelsa, Delta, or Rivers states. Genetic variation for this cluster was lower than would be expected from a random sampling of genomes from this outbreak, but data did not support direct links between travelers. CONCLUSIONS: Monophyly of exportation cases and the Bayelsa sample, along with the intermediate levels of genetic variation, suggest a small pool of related isolates is the likely source for the exported infections. This may be the result of the level of genetic variation present in monkeypox isolates circulating within the contiguous region of Bayelsa, Delta, and Rivers states, or another more restricted, yet unidentified source pool. | Yes - Primary | Yes - Clade I | Peer-reviewed journal article | United States | Historical data | Aug 2018- Sep 2019 | Clade II /West African clade | Case series | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Emergence and spread | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: One case reported consumption with bushmeat and contact with a sick individual with a monkeypox like rash, one case disposed of rodent cases in Rivers state, another reported potentially eating buchmeat at a wedding, two were healthcare workers of which one had contact with the first case. EMERGENCE AND SPREAD: 5 cases from molecular and epidemiological spread from Nigeria to UK, Israel, singapore, and Bayelsa, Delta, or Rivers states. Genetic variation for this cluster was lower than would be expected from a random sampling of genomes from this outbreak, but data did not support direct links between travelers. | Epidemiological and molecular data for exported and Nigerian cases were analyzed jointly to better understand the exportations in the temporal and geographic context of the outbreak. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
16 | 5/31/2022 | 65 | Monkeypox ( 65) StatPearls . Moore, M., Zahra, F.. #volume# (2022): #pages#--> #doi# ; #URL# | Moore, M., Zahra, F. | Monkeypox virus was first isolated and identified in 1958 when monkeys shipped from Singapore to a Denmark research facility fell ill. However, the first confirmed human case was in 1970 when the virus was isolated from a child in the Democratic Republic of Congo suspected to have smallpox. Coincident immunity to monkeypox virus was previously achieved with vaccinia vaccination; however, eradicating smallpox and subsequent lack of vaccination efforts paved the way for monkeypox to gain clinical relevance. Furthermore, because most cases of monkeypox occur in rural Africa, suspected underreporting may translate to an underestimation of the potential threat of this pathogen. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17 | 5/31/2022 | 68 | Waking up to monkeypox ( 68) Bmj . Nakoune, E., Olliaro, P.. 377,2022/05/26 (2022): o1321--> 10.1136/bmj.o1321 ; #URL# | Nakoune, E., Olliaro, P. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18 | 5/31/2022 | 72 | Preliminary structural proteome of the monkeypox virus causing a multi-country outbreak in May 2022 ( 72) Research Square prepub . Parigger, Lena, Krassnigg, Andreas, Grabuschnig, Stefan, et al.. #volume# (2022): #pages#--> https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1693803/v1 ; https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1693803/v1 | Parigger, Lena, Krassnigg, Andreas, Grabuschnig, Stefan, et al. | The monkeypox virus (MPX) belongs to the orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family, is endemic in parts of Africa, and causes a disease in humans similar to smallpox. The most recent outbreak of MPX in 2022 is already affecting 19 countries on different continents and has consequently become a focus of interest. In particular, a molecular understanding of the virus is essential to study infection processes and pathogen-host interactions, predict tropism changes, or guide drug development and discovery as well as vaccine development or adaptation at a very early stage. Herein we present a study of the structural genome of the currently emerging MPX virus: our analysis revealed 10,043 characteristic candidate open reading frames (ORFs), and a subsequent BLAST search of the non-redundant protein database and PDB reduced the number of suspected ORFs to 925 and 123 protein sequences, respectively. Finally, we provide the 3D structures of these 123 protein sequences, which were predicted by homology modeling and are available for download. | Yes - Primary | Preprint | Austria | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Not specified | In silico study | None/NA | Genomics and structural characterization | An in silico study reported a preliminary structural proteome of monkeypox and found 925 distinct open reading frames and 123 protein sequences. | This study present the first full structural genome of the currently-spreading MPX to support the scientific community’s and pharmaceutical industry's responses to this putative risk. e embedded in the Catalophore™ DrugSolver platform to quickly process genome sequences and provide a set of potential proteins, a putative structural proteome. The first step consists of translating both the reverse and forward strand in three reading frames, in order to account for every possible translation frame. Therefore, cases with overlapping genes, shifted translation starts and AUG-codon independent translation initiation are also included in the set of initially considered ORFs. Subsequently, the translated sequences are split at stop codons (TAA, TAG, TGA), where only ORFs consisting of a minimum of ten amino acids are accepted. The Biopython packages Bio.Entrez, Bio.SeqIO and Bio.Blast are employed for this purpose. In this study, a list of 10,043 distinctive potential ORFs was identified within the recently published genome-sequence draft of the MPX virus , which caused a multi-country outbreak in May 2022. The number of potential ORFs was limited to protein sequences with an enhanced possibility to be part of the physiological MPX virus proteome by performing a command-line based BLASTP. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 | 5/31/2022 | 78 | Monkeypox in a Traveler Returning from Nigeria - Dallas, Texas, July 2021 ( 78) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report . Rao, A. K., Schulte, J., Chen, T. H., Hughes, C. M., Davidson, W., Neff, J. M., Markarian, M., Delea, K. C., Wada, S., Liddell, A., Alexander, S., Sunshine, B., Huang, P., Honza, H. T., Rey, A., Monroe, B., Doty, J., Christensen, B., Delaney, L., Massey, J., Waltenburg, M., Schrodt, C. A., Kuhar, D., Satheshkumar, P. S., Kondas, A., Li, Y., Wilkins, K., Sage, K. M., Yu, Y., Yu, P., Feldpausch, A., McQuiston, J., Damon, I. K., McCollum, A. M.. 71 (2022): 509--> 10.15585/MMWR.MM7114A1 ; https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129573065&doi=10.15585%2fMMWR.MM7114A1&partnerID=40&md5=3bda6c1836542e8107ac409232253916 | Rao, A. K., Schulte, J., Chen, T. H., Hughes, C. M., Davidson, W., Neff, J. M., Markarian, M., Delea, K. C., Wada, S., Liddell, A., Alexander, S., Sunshine, B., Huang, P., Honza, H. T., Rey, A., Monroe, B., Doty, J., Christensen, B., Delaney, L., Massey, J., Waltenburg, M., Schrodt, C. A., Kuhar, D., Satheshkumar, P. S., Kondas, A., Li, Y., Wilkins, K., Sage, K. M., Yu, Y., Yu, P., Feldpausch, A., McQuiston, J., Damon, I. K., McCollum, A. M. | Monkeypox is a rare, sometimes life-threatening zoonotic infection that occurs in west and central Africa. It is caused by Monkeypox virus, an orthopoxvirus similar to Variola virus (the causative agent of smallpox) and Vaccinia virus (the live virus component of orthopoxvirus vaccines) and can spread to humans. After 39 years without detection of human disease in Nigeria, an outbreak involving 118 confirmed cases was identified during 2017-2018 (1); sporadic cases continue to occur. During September 2018-May 2021, six unrelated persons traveling from Nigeria received diagnoses of monkeypox in non-African countries: four in the United Kingdom and one each in Israel and Singapore. In July 2021, a man who traveled from Lagos, Nigeria, to Dallas, Texas, became the seventh traveler to a non-African country with diagnosed monkeypox. Among 194 monitored contacts, 144 (74%) were flight contacts. The patient received tecovirimat, an antiviral for treatment of orthopoxvirus infections, and his home required large-scale decontamination. Whole genome sequencing showed that the virus was consistent with a strain of Monkeypox virus known to circulate in Nigeria, but the specific source of the patient's infection was not identified. No epidemiologically linked cases were reported in Nigeria; no contact received postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with the orthopoxvirus vaccine ACAM2000. © 2022 Department of Health and Human Services. All rights reserved. | Yes - Primary | Report | United States | Historical data | July 2021 | Clade II /West African clade | Case report | None/NA | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | Severity | Therapeutics | CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Interviews revealed that the patient had arrived in Nigeria on June 25 and stayed in three urban centers during his trip (Figure). By June 30, he began experiencing diarrhea, vomiting, cough, subjective fever, and fatigue, all characteristic signs and symptoms of the monkeypox prodrome, which also mark the onset of transmissibility of the virus to others (e.g., through infected body fluids or respiratory droplets). On July 8, 1 day before boarding the first of two return flights, the patient developed a purulent rash confined to a covered part of his body. After a brief layover in the Atlanta airport, he took a domestic flight to Dallas, and then a ride-share vehicle to his residence, where he lives alone. The next day, the rash had worsened and was visible on his face, prompting a friend to drive him to the hospital on July 13. Like many persons his age, the patient had never received the smallpox vaccine. SEVERITY: An adult middle-aged male was hospitalized for 32 days and given tecovirimat due to the severity of his illness. He was discharged once all lesions tested negative for the virus . THERAPEUTICS: A traveler, with no smallpox vaccine history, who returned from Nigeria to the US in July 2021. The patient was hospitalized for 32 days and given tecovirimat due to the severity of his illness. He was discharged once all lesions tested negative for the virus. | Case report of a early middle-aged man* with a 2-week history of fever, cough, and fatigue, followed by onset of a diffuse rash. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | 5/31/2022 | 80 | The COVID-19 pandemic: SARS-CoV-2, childhood hepatitis and monkeypox raise five new questions for the global health research community ( 80) J Glob Health . Rudan, I.. 22,2022/05/28 (2022): 01002--> 10.7189/jogh.12.01002 ; #URL# | Rudan, I. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | 5/31/2022 | 98 | Monkeypox 2022 outbreak: an update ( 98) Trop Med Int Health . Velavan, T. P., Meyer, C. G.. 2022/05/29 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1111/tmi.13785 ; #URL# | Velavan, T. P., Meyer, C. G. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | 5/31/2022 | 109 | Monkeypox: a potential global threat? ( 109) J Med Virol . Yang, Z.. 2022/05/26 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27884 ; #URL# | Yang, Z. | Monkeypox, a largely neglected disease endemic in Western and Central Africa, has recently attracted global attention due to over 100 confirmed and suspected cases (by May 21, 2022) in more than ten countries in Europe, North America, and Australia. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | 6/1/2022 | 552 | The emergence of Monkeypox virus, new challenges to the healthcare settings in Pakistan ( 552) J Med Virol . Abdullah, Ali, S., Cançado, Facq, Fernandes de Oliveira, C. A.. 2022/06/02 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27899 ; #URL# | Abdullah, Ali, S., Cançado, Facq, Fernandes de Oliveira, C. A. | Monkeypox is a rare infection caused by monkeypox virus that transmits from animals to humans, although human-to-human direct contact with secretions or a direct contact with secretions of rodents contaminated has also been shown. In this letter, the recent occurrence of monkeypox disease is highlighted, including two cases detected in Lahore Jinnah hospital, Pakistan. Considering the limited healthcare settings in developing countries, including Pakistan, adequate monitoring of this disease must be carried out with great attention and awareness of the population of the imminent risk is necessary. The combination of all these measures can help to gain knowledge, de-escalate emerging cases and limit the spread of the virus in the developing world, including Pakistan This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | Yes - Primary | Letter to the editor | Pakistan | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Not specified | Case report | None/NA | Emergence and spread | EMERGENCE AND SPREAD: A case report from Pakistan reported two cases of monkeypox as of May 23. | In this letter, the recent occurrence of monkeypox disease is highlighted, including two cases detected in Lahore Jinnah hospital, Pakistan. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
24 | 6/1/2022 | 553 | Potential for monkeypox exportation from west and Central Africa through global travel networks ( 553) J Travel Med . Au, N. H., Portillo, M. T., Marwah, A., Thomas-Bachli, A., Demarsh, P. A., Khan, K., Bogoch, II. 2022/06/02 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1093/jtm/taac072 ; #URL# | Au, N. H., Portillo, M. T., Marwah, A., Thomas-Bachli, A., Demarsh, P. A., Khan, K., Bogoch, II | A multinational monkeypox outbreak is currently underway in a growing number of non-endemic countries. Given the potential for future outbreaks, we evaluate the likely pathways for international exportation of monkeypox via commercial air travel from endemic regions. | Yes - Primary | Yes - Clade I | Peer-reviewed journal article | Canada | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Clade I & II (WA and CB clades) | Predictive model | None/NA | Emergence and spread | EMERGENCE AND SPREAD: A predictive model assessed risk of monkeypox importation into cities and found that large European cities (e.g. London and Paris) are the most likely distant regions for exportation from endemic regions through air travel. Estimated traveller volumes from flights originating in Nigeria in May, 2022 are greatest to London, England (27,547), Dubai (9,151), and Johannesburg (5,706) (Table 1). Countries reporting human cases of West African clade MPV have greatest traveller volumes to London (37,650), Paris (23,801), and Dubai (17,385), while countries endemic for Congo Basin clade MPV have the greatest volumes to Paris (16,954), Brussels (6,459), and Johannesburg (5,749). | We assessed three scenarios of global spread of MPV, originating from: (i) Nigeria, from which at least one exported case was reported on 7 May 2022 to England; (ii) seven countries where the West African clade MPV is endemic; (iii) six countries where the Central African (Congo Basin) clade MPV is endemic. Endemic countries were identified by cross-referencing reported isolates detailed in a recent review5 to a map of countries with evidence of human cases in the past 10 years (e.g. in medical literature or by a public health organization), as of 2021 (Appendix 1). For countries with reported cases but unknown clade, we assigned a clade based on its proximity to countries with known clades. We assumed the West African clade is endemic in Guinea and Togo and the Central African (Congo Basin) clade is endemic in Central African Republic and Equatorial Guinea.5 For each scenario, we identified the top 20 destination cities using modelled volumes and final destination cities of travellers on commercial flights for May 2022. Traveller volumes were modelled using historical flight itinerary data for February 2022 from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and scheduled flight itineraries (including airport of origin, destination and flight transfers) for May 2022 from CIRIUM, as February 2022 is the most recent complete dataset for global travel trends. IATA data account for an estimated 90% of global commercial air travel, with the other 10% modelled using market intelligence data. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
25 | 6/1/2022 | 554 | Annals On Call - Monkeypox: Should We Worry About Another Pandemic? ( 554) Ann Intern Med . Centor, R. M., Adalja, A.. 2022/06/01 (2022): Oc1--> 10.7326/a21-0014 ; #URL# | Centor, R. M., Adalja, A. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
26 | 6/1/2022 | 556 | Increased outbreaks of monkeypox highlight gaps in actual disease burden in Sub-Saharan Africa and in animal reservoirs ( 556) Int J Infect Dis . Haider, N., Guitian, J., Simons, D., Asogun, D., Ansumana, R., Honeyborne, I., Velavan, T. P., Ntoumi, F., Valdoleiros, S. R., Petersen, E., Kock, R., Zumla, A.. 2022/06/01 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.058 ; #URL# | Haider, N., Guitian, J., Simons, D., Asogun, D., Ansumana, R., Honeyborne, I., Velavan, T. P., Ntoumi, F., Valdoleiros, S. R., Petersen, E., Kock, R., Zumla, A. | We explain research gaps on Monkeypox (MPX) virus epidemiology in endemic countries and present hypotheses for the recent increase of MPX cases in West Africa as a possible explanation for the current epidemic in Europe, America, and Australia. The detection of >270 MPX cases in less than a month in May 2022, across many countries underscores the epidemic potential of MPX in humans and demonstrates several important research gaps. First, the true burden of MPX in West and Central Africa is poorly understood, although it is critical for prevention and control of future outbreaks. Second, the diversity and extent of the animal reservoir remain unknown. We hypothesize that the synanthropic rodent population has increased in recent years in Africa leading to more human-rodent interactions and thus increased transmission of MPXV. We further hypothesise that nearly 45 years after the end of routine smallpox vaccination, the larger and more interconnected immune-naïve population has crossed a threshold resulting in more sustainable human-to-human transmission of MPXV. The current epidemic in the Western World is possibly a consequence of increased local transmission of MPXV in Africa. A new estimation of the basic and effective reproduction rate (R(0) and R(e)) in different populations is required. National, regional, and international collaborations are needed to address research gaps related to MPX outbreaks. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
27 | 6/1/2022 | 557 | Human Monkeypox Outbreak in 2022 ( 557) J Med Virol . Kumar, S., Subramaniam, G., Karuppanan, K.. 2022/06/01 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27894 ; #URL# | Kumar, S., Subramaniam, G., Karuppanan, K. | A recent case of monkeypox was identified in the United Kingdom on May 6, 2022, in a person who had been to Nigeria, where the disease is prevalent and had symptoms consistent with monkeypox. On May 4, the individual returned to the United Kingdom, bringing the first case of the epidemic to the country This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
28 | 6/1/2022 | 558 | Monkeypox outbreaks outside endemic regions: scientific and social priorities ( 558) Lancet Infect Dis . Zumla, A., Valdoleiros, S. R., Haider, N., Asogun, D., Ntoumi, F., Petersen, E., Kock, R.. 2022/06/01 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00354-1 ; #URL# | Zumla, A., Valdoleiros, S. R., Haider, N., Asogun, D., Ntoumi, F., Petersen, E., Kock, R. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
29 | 6/3/2022 | 574 | Nigeria monkeypox monthly situation report September 2019 ( 574) Nigeria monkeypox monthly situation report September 2019 . Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. #volume# (2019): #pages#--> #doi# ; https://ncdc.gov.ng/themes/common/files/sitreps/75945df434ec5604d2f9ffd2201a8beb.pdf | Nigeria Centre for Disease Control | Yes - Primary | Report | Nigeria | Historical data | Sep 2017-Sep 2019 | Clade II /West African clade | Surveillance data analysis | None/NA | Mortality | MORTALITY: A surveillance study in Nigeria (2017-2019) reported a mortality rate of 5.1% (9/176) | Epidemiological surveillance report from Nigeria from 2017- 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30 | 6/3/2022 | 575 | Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of four cases of monkeypox support transmission through sexual contact, Italy, May 2022 ( 575) Euro Surveill . Antinori, A., Mazzotta, V., Vita, S., Carletti, F., Tacconi, D., Lapini, L. E., D'Abramo, A., Cicalini, S., Lapa, D., Pittalis, S., Puro, V., Rivano Capparuccia, M., Giombini, E., Gruber, C. E. M., Garbuglia, A. R., Marani, A., Vairo, F., Girardi, E., Vaia, F., Nicastri, E.. 27,2022/06/04 (2022): #pages#--> 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2022.27.22.2200421 ; #URL# | Antinori, A., Mazzotta, V., Vita, S., Carletti, F., Tacconi, D., Lapini, L. E., D'Abramo, A., Cicalini, S., Lapa, D., Pittalis, S., Puro, V., Rivano Capparuccia, M., Giombini, E., Gruber, C. E. M., Garbuglia, A. R., Marani, A., Vairo, F., Girardi, E., Vaia, F., Nicastri, E. | Since May 2022, an outbreak of monkeypox has been ongoing in non-endemic countries. We report four cases in Italy in young adult men reporting condomless sexual intercourse. The patients are in good clinical condition with no need for specific antiviral drugs. Biological samples from seminal fluid were positive for monkeypox viral DNA. For many other viruses found in semen there is no evidence of sexual transmission. The possibility of sexual transmission of monkeypox virus needs to be investigated. | Yes - Primary | Short communications | Italy | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Clade II /West African clade | Case series | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: Sexual contact has been suggested in the current outbreak including 4 MSM cases in Italy who had condomless sex, 3 participated in a mass gathering in Gran Canary Island and one travelled for sex work and initial lesions appeared mostly in the genital and anal area. All patients travelled in the first 2 weeks of May 2022: three patients participated in a mass gathering event in Gran Canary island (GCI) and one travelled for sex work. During the travel, they had condomless sexual intercourse with different male partners. VIRAL KINETICS/DATA ON POSITIVE SAMPLES: PCR positive in: serum, plasma, genital or rectal lesions, nasophyrngeal swabs, skin lesions, sminal fluid, scabs, faeces, saliva CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: The first case was a male in his 30s who referred to our centre after accessing an emergency department where an MPXV infection was suspected. During travel made in mid-May, he had been treated with oral ciprofloxacin and acyclovir and one single dose of benzylpenicillin for the appearance of skin lesions. At admission, multiple asynchronous deep-seated and well-circumscribed lesions with central umbilication were present on the genital area, with inguinal lymphadenopathy; a single lesion was present on the anterior and posterior thorax and on the left calf. Patient 2 was a male in his 30s, taking daily-PreP. He was admitted for fever and asthenia starting mid-May. Three days later, perianal lesions appeared as raised, itchy papules secreting serous, with concomitant painful inguinal lymphadenopathy. Multiple anal lesions appeared over the next 3 days, followed by few single lesions with different timing on the skin of the back, legs and the sole of one foot. Patient 3 was a male in his 30s. He was admitted for a 2-day history of fever, followed by the appearance of clustered itchy papular lesions in the anal region and single lesions on head, thorax, legs, arms, hand and penis. He reported smallpox vaccination during childhood, 30 years earlier. Patient 4 was a male in his 30s, taking event-driven PreP. After a 2-day history of myalgia, vesicular-papular genital lesions appeared, followed by further skin lesions that appeared 6 days later in the suprapubic area and chest. In all patients, skin lesions progressed with an asynchronous evolution Days from systematic symptoms (fever and mylagia) to appearance of lesions were between 2-3 days. | This study reports four monkeypox cases observed in Italy between 17 and 22 May 2022. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
31 | 6/3/2022 | 576 | Monkeypox: A new threat at our doorstep! ( 576) J Infect . Awan, U. A., Riasat, S., Naeem, W., Kamran, S., Khattak, A. A., Khan, S.. 2022/06/02 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.027 ; #URL# | Awan, U. A., Riasat, S., Naeem, W., Kamran, S., Khattak, A. A., Khan, S. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
32 | 6/3/2022 | 577 | Attaching a stigma to the LGBTQI+ community should be avoided during the monkeypox epidemic ( 577) J Med Virol . Bragazzi, N. L., Khamisy-Farah, R., Tsigalou, C., Mahroum, N., Converti, M.. 2022/06/04 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27913 ; #URL# | Bragazzi, N. L., Khamisy-Farah, R., Tsigalou, C., Mahroum, N., Converti, M. | An outbreak of monkeypox, a rare zoonotic disease caused by an orthopoxvirus, is currently ongoing and has spread so far to more than 20 countries, mostly affecting Europe, the Americas, Australia, and Israel, with more than 400 confirmed cases (https://bnonews.com/monkeypox/](https://bnonews.com/monkeypox/)), becoming the largest monkeypox epidemic outside of western and central Africa, where it is endemic in eleven countries 1]. In the UK, where the first monkeypox case was reported on May 7, 2022, in a traveler returning from Nigeria, the National "Health Security Agency" (UKHSA) has reported that "a notable proportion of early cases detected have been in gay and bisexual men and so UKHSA is urging this community in particular to be alert" (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/monkeypox-cases-confirmed-in-england-latest-updates](https://www.gov.uk/government/news/monkeypox-cases-confirmed-in-england-latest-updates)). Maspalomas (Gran Canaria) 2022", held from May 5 to May 15, 2002, in Maspalomas, Great Canary (Spain), where about 80,000 people met from across the European continent. These mass gatherings were linked to the spread of the virus, while epidemiological investigations to determine the determinants of the transmission were still ongoing. Whereas in Africa, monkeypox cases are generally transmitted from infected animals, and human-to-human transmission began to emerge after the 1996-1997 outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), linked to the discontinuation of vaccination against smallpox and the waning of immunity, poor hygiene and crowded living quarters, in developed countries other potential routes have been postulated, such as respiratory droplets, direct contact with mucocutaneous lesions, or fomites. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
33 | 6/3/2022 | 578 | Monkeypox outbreak in Europe, UK, North America, and Australia: A changing trend of a zoonotic disease ( 578) Allergy . Cabanillas, B., Valdelvira, R., Akdis, C. A.. 2022/06/02 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1111/all.15393 ; #URL# | Cabanillas, B., Valdelvira, R., Akdis, C. A. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
34 | 6/3/2022 | 579 | Bibliometric analysis of global research trends on monkeypox: are we ready to face this challenge? ( 579) J Med Virol . Cheng, K., Zhou, Y., Wu, H.. 2022/06/02 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27892 ; #URL# | Cheng, K., Zhou, Y., Wu, H. | Here were reported the first bibliometric analysis on monkeypox research. Our study showed that the first research boom in this field started from the early 2000s and United States was the main driving force for the development of this domain. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was the most prolific institution, and Damon IK was the key researcher with the most publications. These research directions including human-to-human transmission especially community transmission, epidemiology data, outbreak surveillance, animal models with nonhuman primates, vaccine safety, endemic regions in west Africa and Nigeria, as well as clinical/virologic features of monkeypox remain topics of great concern. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
35 | 6/3/2022 | 580 | Global outbreak puts spotlight on neglected virus ( 580) Science . Cohen, J.. 376,2022/06/03 (2022): 1032--> 10.1126/science.add2701 ; #URL# | Cohen, J. | The steady rise of monkeypox cases in Africa has received little attention-until now. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
36 | 6/3/2022 | 581 | The monkeypox virus ( 581) Cmaj . Halani, S., Mishra, S., Bogoch, II. 2022/06/03 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1503/cmaj.220795 ; #URL# | Halani, S., Mishra, S., Bogoch, II | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
37 | 6/3/2022 | 582 | Monkeypox infection presenting as genital rash, Australia, May 2022 ( 582) Euro Surveill . Hammerschlag, Y., MacLeod, G., Papadakis, G., Adan Sanchez, A., Druce, J., Taiaroa, G., Savic, I., Mumford, J., Roberts, J., Caly, L., Friedman, D., Williamson, D. A., Cheng, A. C., McMahon, J. H.. 27,2022/06/04 (2022): #pages#--> 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2022.27.22.2200411 ; #URL# | Hammerschlag, Y., MacLeod, G., Papadakis, G., Adan Sanchez, A., Druce, J., Taiaroa, G., Savic, I., Mumford, J., Roberts, J., Caly, L., Friedman, D., Williamson, D. A., Cheng, A. C., McMahon, J. H. | Rapid diagnosis and whole genome sequencing confirmed a case of monkeypox in an HIV-positive individual receiving antiretroviral therapy. The patient had a normal CD4+ T-cell count and suppressed HIV viral load and presented with a genital rash in Melbourne, Australia after return from Europe in May 2022. He subsequently developed systemic illness and disseminated rash and 11 days after symptom onset, he was hospitalised to manage painful bacterial cellulitis of the genital area. | Yes - Primary | Short communications | Australia | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Clade II /West African clade | Case report | Immunocompromised | Modes of transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Incubation period | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | Severity | Genomics and structural characterization | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: A MSM male who travelled to Europe and had unprotected sex with four male partners. VIRAL KINETICS/DATA ON POSITIVE SAMPLES: Swabs taken from deroofed skin lesions on the hand, calf and trunk in addition to combined nose throat swabs on the day of hospital admission, were all positive for monkeypox virus using previously described conventional [2] and in-house RT-PCR assays for orthopox and monkeypox viruses INCUBATION PERIOD: A case report from Australia (May 2022) reported genital rash 5 days after unprotected sex with multiple male partners and fever and malaise appeared 3 days after the rash. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: A case report in Australia (May 2022) reported genital rash 5 days after unprotected sex with multiple male partners and fever and malaise appeared 8 days. An HIV-positive man in his 30s receiving co-formulated Abacavir, Lamivudine and Dolutegravir and with a CD4 + T-cell count above 700 cells/mm3 (normal range 410–1,545 cells/mm3) and HIV viral load < 100 copies/mL, visited a primary care doctor after his return from Europe to Melbourne, Australia. He reported onset of a genital rash 8 days earlier. The rash had started 5 days after he reported unprotected insertive anal intercourse with four casual male partners in Europe. The initial symptoms were painless white pustules on the penis that became painful and pruritic. He reported that he developed a fever and malaise 3 days after the first appearance of the penile rash and over the subsequent 5 days, the rash disseminated to his trunk, then more sparingly to the face and limbs while the genital lesions crusted over. SEVERITY: In Australia (May 2022) reported a case (West Africa clade) in of an adult male who had sexual encounter with another male was hospitalized day 11 post symptom onset for pain management and discharged day 13. GENOMICS:Phylogenetic analysis revealing clustering with other monkeypox virus sequences from the May 2022 outbreak in Europe and the United States | Here we present a case of monkeypox infection in an individual diagnosed in Australia after return from Europe. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
38 | 6/3/2022 | 584 | Monkeypox and pregnancy: what do obstetricians need to know? ( 584) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol . Khalil, A., Samara, A., O'Brien, P., Morris, E., Draycott, T., Lees, C., Ladhani, S.. 2022/06/03 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/uog.24968 ; #URL# | Khalil, A., Samara, A., O'Brien, P., Morris, E., Draycott, T., Lees, C., Ladhani, S. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
39 | 6/3/2022 | 585 | Monkeypox: Healthcare workers will be offered smallpox vaccine as UK buys 20 000 doses ( 585) Bmj . Mahase, E.. 377,2022/06/02 (2022): o1379--> 10.1136/bmj.o1379 ; #URL# | Mahase, E. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
40 | 6/3/2022 | 586 | Ongoing monkeypox virus outbreak, Portugal, 29 April to 23 May 2022 ( 586) Euro Surveill . Perez Duque, M., Ribeiro, S., Martins, J. V., Casaca, P., Leite, P. P., Tavares, M., Mansinho, K., Duque, L. M., Fernandes, C., Cordeiro, R., Borrego, M. J., Pelerito, A., de Carvalho, I. L., Núncio, S., Manageiro, V., Minetti, C., Machado, J., Haussig, J. M., Croci, R., Spiteri, G., Casal, A. S., Mendes, D., Souto, T., Pocinho, S., Fernandes, T., Firme, A., Vasconcelos, P., Freitas, G.. 27,2022/06/04 (2022): #pages#--> 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2022.27.22.2200424 ; #URL# | Perez Duque, M., Ribeiro, S., Martins, J. V., Casaca, P., Leite, P. P., Tavares, M., Mansinho, K., Duque, L. M., Fernandes, C., Cordeiro, R., Borrego, M. J., Pelerito, A., de Carvalho, I. L., Núncio, S., Manageiro, V., Minetti, C., Machado, J., Haussig, J. M., Croci, R., Spiteri, G., Casal, A. S., Mendes, D., Souto, T., Pocinho, S., Fernandes, T., Firme, A., Vasconcelos, P., Freitas, G. | Up to 27 May 2022, Portugal has detected 96 confirmed cases of monkeypox. We describe 27 confirmed cases (median age: 33 years (range: 22-51); all males), with an earliest symptom onset date of 29 April. Almost all cases (n = 25) live in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley health region. Most cases were neither part of identified transmission chains, nor linked to travel or had contact with symptomatic persons or with animals, suggesting the possible previously undetected spread of monkeypox. | Yes - Primary | Short communications | Portugal | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Clade II /West African clade | Surveillance data analysis | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | Pre-exposure vaccination (e.g. VE) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: A surveillance data analysis in Portugal (May 5-27, 2022) reported that of the 27 confirmed cases with clinical characteristics, all of them were of the West African clade and were male with a median age of 33 years (range 22-51 years). Of the cases with available data, 94.5% (18/19) identified themselves as MSM and 87.5% (14/16) had sex with multiple partners during the prior 21 days before symptom onset. One case reported having sexual intercourse with only women. Seven reported attending a sauna, 4 travelled abroad, and 3 had contact with animals (cats or pigs). CLINICAL: A surveillance data analysis in Portugal (May 5-27, 2022) reported lesions started in the genital area instead of the face . In guininal lymphadnopahty reported in 14, fever in 13, asthenia in 7, headache in 7, genital ulces in 6, anal ulcer s in 6, cervical lymphadenopahty in 4, axiilliary lymphadenopahty in 2. HIV infection in 14. PRE-EXPOSURE VACCINATION: A surveillance data analysis in Portugal (n=96) (May 2022) reported a breakthrough infection in one middle-aged case reported prior vaccination against smallpox. | In this study, we describe the preliminary results of the outbreak investigation and the epidemiological characteristics of 27 confirmed cases. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
41 | 6/3/2022 | 587 | Use of JYNNEOS (Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating) for Preexposure Vaccination of Persons at Risk for Occupational Exposure to Orthopoxviruses: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2022 ( 587) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . Rao, A. K., Petersen, B. W., Whitehill, F., Razeq, J. H., Isaacs, S. N., Merchlinsky, M. J., Campos-Outcalt, D., Morgan, R. L., Damon, I., Sánchez, P. J., Bell, B. P.. 71,2022/06/03 (2022): 734--> 10.15585/mmwr.mm7122e1 ; #URL# | Rao, A. K., Petersen, B. W., Whitehill, F., Razeq, J. H., Isaacs, S. N., Merchlinsky, M. J., Campos-Outcalt, D., Morgan, R. L., Damon, I., Sánchez, P. J., Bell, B. P. | Certain laboratorians and health care personnel can be exposed to orthopoxviruses through occupational activities. Because orthopoxvirus infections resulting from occupational exposures can be serious, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has continued to recommend preexposure vaccination for these persons since 1980 (1), when smallpox was eradicated (2). In 2015, ACIP made recommendations for the use of ACAM2000, the only orthopoxvirus vaccine available in the United States at that time (3). During 2020-2021, ACIP considered evidence for use of JYNNEOS, a replication-deficient Vaccinia virus vaccine, as an alternative to ACAM2000. In November 2021, ACIP unanimously voted in favor of JYNNEOS as an alternative to ACAM2000 for primary vaccination and booster doses. With these recommendations for use of JYNNEOS, two vaccines (ACAM2000 and JYNNEOS) are now available and recommended for preexposure prophylaxis against orthopoxvirus infection among persons at risk for such exposures. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
42 | 6/3/2022 | 588 | Re-emerging human monkeypox: a major public-health debacle ( 588) J Med Virol . Saxena, S. K., Ansari, S., Maurya, V. K., Kumar, S., Jain, A., Paweska, J. T., Tripathi, A. K., Abdel-Moneim, A.. 2022/06/03 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27902 ; #URL# | Saxena, S. K., Ansari, S., Maurya, V. K., Kumar, S., Jain, A., Paweska, J. T., Tripathi, A. K., Abdel-Moneim, A. | A multi-country outbreak of the monkeypox virus has gained global attention. As of 25 May, 250 confirmed human monkeypox cases have been reported globally. Monkeypox is caused by the Monkeypox virus, which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus and Poxviridae family. Monkeypox is often a self-limiting infection, with symptoms lasting 2 to 4 weeks with the case fatality ratio around 3-6%. Monkeypox is transmitted to humans by direct contact with an infected person or animal or contact with virus-contaminated material. Human monkeypox infections may lead to various medical complications such as fever, rash, and lymphadenopathies. Pneumonitis, encephalitis, sight-threatening keratitis, and subsequent bacterial infections are all possible complications of monkeypox. An antiviral agent developed to treat smallpox has also been approved for use in the treatment of monkeypox in the USA. Vaccines used in the smallpox eradication program also provided immunity to monkeypox. Newer vaccines have been developed, one of which has been approved for monkeypox prevention. In this article, we provide information about the recent outbreaks of human monkeypox, epidemiology, transmission pattern, possible diagnosis techniques, therapeutics, and available preventive strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
43 | 6/3/2022 | 589 | Community transmission of monkeypox in the United Kingdom, April to May 2022 ( 589) Euro Surveill . Vivancos, R., Anderson, C., Blomquist, P., Balasegaram, S., Bell, A., Bishop, L., Brown, C. S., Chow, Y., Edeghere, O., Florence, I., Logan, S., Manley, P., Crowe, W., McAuley, A., Shankar, A. G., Mora-Peris, B., Paranthaman, K., Prochazka, M., Ryan, C., Simons, D., Vipond, R., Byers, C., Watkins, N. A., Welfare, W., Whittaker, E., Dewsnap, C., Wilson, A., Young, Y., Chand, M., Riley, S., Hopkins, S.. 27,2022/06/04 (2022): #pages#--> 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2022.27.22.2200422 ; #URL# | Vivancos, R., Anderson, C., Blomquist, P., Balasegaram, S., Bell, A., Bishop, L., Brown, C. S., Chow, Y., Edeghere, O., Florence, I., Logan, S., Manley, P., Crowe, W., McAuley, A., Shankar, A. G., Mora-Peris, B., Paranthaman, K., Prochazka, M., Ryan, C., Simons, D., Vipond, R., Byers, C., Watkins, N. A., Welfare, W., Whittaker, E., Dewsnap, C., Wilson, A., Young, Y., Chand, M., Riley, S., Hopkins, S. | Between 7 and 25 May, 86 monkeypox cases were confirmed in the United Kingdom (UK). Only one case is known to have travelled to a monkeypox virus (MPXV) endemic country. Seventy-nine cases with information were male and 66 reported being gay, bisexual, or other men who have sex with men. This is the first reported sustained MPXV transmission in the UK, with human-to-human transmission through close contacts, including in sexual networks. Improving case ascertainment and onward-transmission preventive measures are ongoing. | Yes - Primary | Peer-reviewed journal article | United Kingdom | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Not specified | Surveillance data analysis | None/NA | Modes of transmission | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: A UK cluster investigation (May 2022) reported that among a cluster, all 79 cases (with data available) were men with a median age of 38 years (IQR: 32–43 days) and 83% (66/79) identified as MSM. Within 21 days of symptom onset, 18 cases reported travel to multiple countries outside of Africa. A case and a household cluster were also identified which appear to be linked to the same flight and no additional cases outside of the cluster have been identified through contact tracing. Sexual health histories have identified links to sex on premises venues, private sex parties, and the use of geospatial dating apps, both in the UK and abroad. So far, no single factor or exposure that links the cases has been identified. | In this report, we describe an ongoing outbreak of MPXV infections in the UK detected since the beginning of May 2022 affecting people without documented history of travel to endemic countries. Up to 25 May 2022, 86 cases have been laboratory confirmed in the UK as infected with MPXV. This report describes the data available on UK confirmed cases to up to 25 May 2022. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
44 | 6/7/2022 | 595 | Monkeypox Image Data collection ( 595) ArXiv . Ahsan, Md Manjurul, Uddin, Muhammad Ramiz, Luna, Shahana Akter. #volume# (2022): #pages#--> #doi# ; https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.01774 | Ahsan, Md Manjurul, Uddin, Muhammad Ramiz, Luna, Shahana Akter | This paper explains the initial Monkeypox Open image data collection procedure. It was created by assembling images collected from websites, newspapers, and online portals and currently contains around 1905 images after data augmentation. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
45 | 6/7/2022 | 596 | Image Data collection and implementation of deep learning-based model in detecting Monkeypox disease using modified VGG16 ( 596) ArXiv . Ahsan, Md Manjurul, Uddin, Muhammad Ramiz, Farjana, Mithila, et al.. #volume# (2022): #pages#--> #doi# ; https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.01862 | Ahsan, Md Manjurul, Uddin, Muhammad Ramiz, Farjana, Mithila, et al. | While the world is still attempting to recover from the damage caused by the broad spread of COVID-19, the Monkeypox virus poses a new threat of becoming a global pandemic. Although the Monkeypox virus itself is not deadly and contagious as COVID-19, still every day, new patients case has been reported from many nations. Therefore, it will be no surprise if the world ever faces another global pandemic due to the lack of proper precautious steps. Recently, Machine learning (ML) has demonstrated huge potential in image-based diagnoses such as cancer detection, tumor cell identification, and COVID-19 patient detection. Therefore, a similar application can be adopted to diagnose the Monkeypox-related disease as it infected the human skin, which image can be acquired and further used in diagnosing the disease. Considering this opportunity, in this work, we introduce a newly developed "Monkeypox2022" dataset that is publicly available to use and can be obtained from our shared GitHub repository. The dataset is created by collecting images from multiple open-source and online portals that do not impose any restrictions on use, even for commercial purposes, hence giving a safer path to use and disseminate such data when constructing and deploying any type of ML model. Further, we propose and evaluate a modified VGG16 model, which includes two distinct studies: Study One and Two. Our exploratory computational results indicate that our suggested model can identify Monkeypox patients with an accuracy of 97±1.8% (AUC=97.2) and 88±0.8% (AUC=0.867) for Study One and Two, respectively. Additionally, we explain our model's prediction and feature extraction utilizing Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) help to a deeper insight into specific features that characterize the onset of the Monkeypox virus. | Yes - Primary | Preprint | United States | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Not specified | Methods for collecting data | None/NA | No relevant outcomes for evidence profile (DO NOT EXTRACT DATA) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
46 | 6/7/2022 | 597 | Coinfection of syphilis and monkeypox in HIV positive man in Prague, Czech Republic ( 597) Travel Med Infect Dis . Bížová, B., Veselý, D., Trojánek, M., Rob, F.. 2022/06/07 (2022): 102368--> 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102368 ; #URL# | Bížová, B., Veselý, D., Trojánek, M., Rob, F. | Yes - Primary | Short communications | Czech Republic | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Clade II /West African clade | Case report | Immunocompromised | Modes of transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Incubation period | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: A case report in Czech Republic of a 34-year old male HIV positive MSM who developed symptoms (ulceration in his left tonsil) 5 days after unprotected sexual contact, including oral sex in Gran Canary Island. VIRAL KINETICS/DATA ON POSITIVE SAMPLES: The very next day vesicle fluid electron microscopy confirmed the presence of monkeypox virus infection while PCR examination of said material further specified the presence of West African clade INCUBATION PERIOD: Our case involves a 34 years old HIV positive MSM who developed a painless ulceration on his left tonsil. The patient made a trip in May to Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Spain five days prior the ulceration appeared where he had unprotected active and pasive oral and anal sex with unknown men. CLINICAL CHARATERISTICS: Our case involves a 34 years old HIV positive MSM who developed a painless ulceration on his left tonsil. The patient made a trip in May to Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Spain five days prior the ulceration appeared where he had unprotected active and pasive oral and anal sex with unknown men. Three days after the initiation of syphilis therapy the patient developed high fever and chills and observed a painful enlargement of the left inguinal lymph node. The next day a itchy rash on the forehead and perianal painless erosions appeared. It took another two days for the patient to see a doctor. Clinical examination revealed five small papulo-vesicules on the forehead, three red macules with small central pustule on the left side of the body (Fig. 1) and numerous umbilicated papules perianally (Fig. 2), palpable lymph nodes were present in the left inguina, we no longer observed the ulceration on the left tonsil. Because of several days of antibiotic therapy, it was unlikely that these would be new manifestations of syphilis. At first we thought about the differential diagnosis of drug reaction but due to a typical perianal manifestations and recent cases of monkeypox spread among MSM in Western Europe, we isolated the patient and had laboratory examination for monkeypox performed. The very next day vesicle fluid electron microscopy confirmed the presence of monkeypox virus infection while PCR examination of said material further specified the presence of West African clade which has been shown to cause most of monkeypox cases during current breakout. GENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION: The very next day vesicle fluid electron microscopy confirmed the presence of monkeypox virus infection while PCR examination of said material further specified the presence of West African clade | Our case involves a 34 years old HIV positive MSM who developed a painless ulceration on his left tonsil. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
47 | 6/7/2022 | 598 | Appearance and re-appearance of zoonotic disease during the pandemic period: Long-term monitoring and analysis of zoonosis is crucial to confirm the animal origin of SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus ( 598) Vet Q . Chakraborty, C., Bhattacharya, M., Nandi, S. S., Mohapatra, R. K., Dhama, K., Agoramoorthy, G.. 2022/06/07 (2022): 1--> 10.1080/01652176.2022.2086718 ; #URL# | Chakraborty, C., Bhattacharya, M., Nandi, S. S., Mohapatra, R. K., Dhama, K., Agoramoorthy, G. | During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, along with the SARS-CoV-2 infection, another zoonotic origin virus emerged: monkeypox virus. Researchers are trying to screen the wild animals to pinpoint the exact origin of these viruses in both cases. For SARS-CoV-2, scientists who were studying the zoonotic transfer of the virus are currently divided along four distinct lines: the first group suspects the pangolin as the source of the SARS-CoV-2 virus; the second one is the bat origin of the virus; the third group includes both the pangolins and bat, and fourth group informed about the origin of several other animals. Similarly, scientists have noted significant host ranges of the virus for the monkeypox virus, such as monkeys, chimpanzees, rodents, prairie dogs, etc. Therefore, we should understand some essential points of the zoonosis of these two important viruses, such as animal origin, natural reservoir, intermediate hosts, virus spillover events (spillover time, and frequency of infecting the one host to another or reservoir to human), etc. We appeal for long-term monitoring through the teamwork of scientists involving the fields of wildlife biology, veterinary medicine,molecular biology, virology, health science, and computational biology. It is essential to create an integrated multi-national scientific task force with adequate funding from all countries originating in the regions of these two viruses. It could explore the mechanisms involving not only the SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus origin, host range, and all spillover events of these viruses but also the future outbreak of wildlife-based epidemics. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
48 | 6/7/2022 | 599 | LAPIS is a fast web API for massive open virus sequencing databases ( 599) ArXiv . Chen, Chaoran, Roemer, Cornelius, Stadler, Tanja. #volume# (2022): #pages#--> #doi# ; https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.01210 | Chen, Chaoran, Roemer, Cornelius, Stadler, Tanja | Via a web API, we make large open pathogen genome sequencing datasets available for real-time interactive analysis. Developed for SARS-CoV-2 and recently extended to monkeypox, the Lightweight API for Sequences (LAPIS) enables complex mutation and metadata queries and aggregations on massive datasets from GenBank at unprecedented speed. LAPIS is accompanied by our own dashboards on this http URL aiming to support evidence-based public health responses. | Yes - Primary | Preprint | Switzerland | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Not specified | Methods for collecting data | None/NA | No relevant outcomes for evidence profile (DO NOT EXTRACT DATA) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
49 | 6/7/2022 | 600 | The resurgence of monkeypox cases: Reasons, threat assessment, and possible preventive measures ( 600) Travel Med Infect Dis . Dhawan, M., Emran, T. B., Islam, F.. 49,2022/06/07 (2022): 102367--> 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102367 ; #URL# | Dhawan, M., Emran, T. B., Islam, F. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
50 | 6/7/2022 | 605 | Multinational monkeypox outbreak: what do we know and what should we do? ( 605) Ir J Med Sci . Memariani, M., Memariani, H.. 2022/06/07 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1007/s11845-022-03052-4 ; #URL# | Memariani, M., Memariani, H. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
51 | 6/7/2022 | 608 | Viruses monkeying around with surgical safety: Monkeypox preparedness in surgical settings ( 608) J Med Virol . Tsagkaris, C., Eleftheriades, A., Laubscher, L., Vladyckuk, V., Papadakis, M.. 2022/06/07 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27915 ; #URL# | Tsagkaris, C., Eleftheriades, A., Laubscher, L., Vladyckuk, V., Papadakis, M. | As of May 2022 public health authorities in Europe and North America reported a multi-country outbreak of Monkeypox (MPX). Although the future development of the epidemic situation can only be speculated, it poses a potential threat to the continuity of surgical care in the affected areas, if not globally. Consequently, developing MPX specific surgical safety protocols is a dire need. Adapting standard surgical safety protocols, particularly those developed during the COVID-19 pandemic, to MPX can help mitigate the impact of this outbreak on surgical patients and trainees. Integrating disinfection technology, telehealth and innovative educational tools in this effort can strengthen the infection control of MPX, improve epidemic preparedness in surgical wards and decrease the burden of surgical infections. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | 6/7/2022 | 609 | Once Bitten, Twice Shy: Our Attitude Towards Monkeypox ( 609) J Korean Med Sci . Yoo, J. H.. 37,2022/06/08 (2022): e188--> 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e188 ; #URL# | Yoo, J. H. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | 6/10/2022 | 626 | WHO working closely with countries responding to monkeypox ( 626) Saudi Med J . . 43,2022/06/09 (2022): 658--> #doi# ; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35675925/ | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
54 | 6/10/2022 | 627 | International outbreaks of Monkeypox virus infection with no established travel: A public health concern with significant knowledge gap ( 627) Travel Med Infect Dis . Al-Tawfiq, J., Barry, M., Memish, Z. A.. 2022/06/07 (2022): 102364--> 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102364 ; #URL# | Al-Tawfiq, J., Barry, M., Memish, Z. A. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
55 | 6/10/2022 | 628 | Monkeypox virus infection: what dermatologist needs to know ( 628) J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol . Bellinato, F., Gisondi, P., Girolomoni, G.. 2022/06/09 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1111/jdv.18299 ; #URL# | Bellinato, F., Gisondi, P., Girolomoni, G. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
56 | 6/10/2022 | 629 | Is monkeypox another reemerging viral zoonosis with many animal hosts yet to be defined? ( 629) Vet Q . Bonilla-Aldana, D., Rodriguez-Morales, A.. 2022/06/11 (2022): 1--> 10.1080/01652176.2022.2088881 ; #URL# | Bonilla-Aldana, D., Rodriguez-Morales, A. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
57 | 6/10/2022 | 630 | Human monkeypox preparedness in Latin America - Are we ready for the next viral zoonotic disease outbreak after COVID-19? ( 630) Braz J Infect Dis . Cimer, S., Chebabo, A., Cunha, C. A. D., Barbosa, A. N., Rodríguez-Morales, A. J.. 2022/06/10 (2022): 102372--> 10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102372 ; #URL# | Cimer, S., Chebabo, A., Cunha, C. A. D., Barbosa, A. N., Rodríguez-Morales, A. J. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
58 | 6/10/2022 | 631 | Monkeypox virus case with maculopapular exanthem and proctitis during the Spanish outbreak in 2022 ( 631) J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol . de Nicolas-Ruanes, B., Vivancos, M. J., Azcarraga-Llobet, C., Moreno, A. M., Rodriguez-Dominguez, M., Berna-Rico, E., Garcia-Mouronte, E., Carron-Herrero, A., McGee, A., Galan, J. C., Moreno, S., Jaen-Olasolo, P., Fernandez-Gonzalez, P.. 2022/06/09 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1111/jdv.18300 ; #URL# | de Nicolas-Ruanes, B., Vivancos, M. J., Azcarraga-Llobet, C., Moreno, A. M., Rodriguez-Dominguez, M., Berna-Rico, E., Garcia-Mouronte, E., Carron-Herrero, A., McGee, A., Galan, J. C., Moreno, S., Jaen-Olasolo, P., Fernandez-Gonzalez, P. | Yes - Primary | Letter to the editor | Spain | 2022 outbreak | May 2020 | Not specified | Case report | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Incubation period | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: A 30- year old man (HIV positive) identified himself as a MSM with high risk sexual practices (multiple sexual partners , use of recreational drugs, unprotected sexual intercourse 2 weeks prior his admission to the ER). He had not travelled abroad during the previous months VIRAL KINETICS/DATA ON POSITIVE SAMPLES: A pustule exudate was collected and analysed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the Spanish National Center for Microbiology, which resulted positive for monkeypox virus. Blood analysis showed a RPR titre of 1/4, which was stable compared with previous analytical determinations. Rectal, urethral and pharyngeal samples were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, with negative results. ICUBATION PERIOD: A 30-year-old male patient visited the Emergency Room (ER) on the 16th May 2022 complaining of a new-onset skin rash associated with systemic symptoms. He recognized himself as MSM with high-risk sexual practices1 such as multiple sexual partners, use of recreational drugs and unprotected sexual intercourse 2 weeks prior his admission to the ER. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: First presented with proctitis (inflammation of the rectum, bleeding, discharge, tenesmus) followed four days later by systemic symptoms (fever up to 39.3 C, headache, lymphadenopathy, generalized arthralgia, and myalgia). Two days after systemic symptoms rash began on arms/upper hands before spreading to trunk, legs, face, genitalia. Typical lesions were accompanied by a maculopapular rash similar in appearance to syphilitic roseola. | Herein, we present one of the first cases of autochthonous MPX disease detected in Madrid (Spain) with not known epidemiological contact with reservoir animals or travels to an endemic area. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
59 | 6/10/2022 | 632 | Letter to the editor: multiple introductions of MPX in Italy from different geographic areas ( 632) Euro Surveill . Ferraro, F., Caraglia, A., Rapiti, A., Cereda, D., Vairo, F., Mattei, G., Maraglino, F., Rezza, G.. 27,2022/06/11 (2022): #pages#--> 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2022.27.23.2200456 ; #URL# | Ferraro, F., Caraglia, A., Rapiti, A., Cereda, D., Vairo, F., Mattei, G., Maraglino, F., Rezza, G. | Yes - Primary | Letter to the editor | Italy | 2022 outbreak | May - June 2022 | Not specified | Surveillance data analysis | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: All 29 cases presented with rash and 85.7% of cases (18/21) with available reported rash was localized to the genital/perianal area. Fever was reported in 54.5% (12/22) of cases. MODES OF TRANMISSION: Data up to June 6 indicated 96.5% (28/29) were male (median 36 years (range: 20–54 years)), 88.9% (16/18) cases were MSM, 79.3% (23/29) of cases were linked to travel to the Canary Islands (n=13 suggesting a spreader event) or West Africa (n=1) and 20.7% (6/29) cases were locally acquired with links to a confirmed index case that returned to Italy from Ghana . | Here we share some considerations on the need to also take into account the possibility of monkeypox virus (MPXV) introduction from non-European countries during the course of the current outbreak, as suggested by the epidemiological investigations conducted in Italy on further confirmed recent monkeypox cases. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
60 | 6/10/2022 | 633 | Transmission of monkeypox virus through sexual contact - A novel route of infection ( 633) J Infect . Heskin, J., Belfield, A., Milne, C., Brown, N., Walters, Y., Scott, C., Bracchi, M., Moore, L. S., Mughal, N., Rampling, T., Winston, A., Nelson, M., Duncan, S., Jones, R., Price, D. A., Mora-Peris, B.. 2022/06/07 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.028 ; #URL# | Heskin, J., Belfield, A., Milne, C., Brown, N., Walters, Y., Scott, C., Bracchi, M., Moore, L. S., Mughal, N., Rampling, T., Winston, A., Nelson, M., Duncan, S., Jones, R., Price, D. A., Mora-Peris, B. | Yes - Primary | Letter to the editor | United Kingdom | 2022 outbreak | Apr 2022 | Not specified | Cluster investigation | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Incubation period | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: Virological screening through respiratory RT-PCR, serology and in the case of Patient 2 who presented with a headache, CSF, was negative for all pathogens tested. Our case involves two white British men (patients 1 and 2) who report no recent travel outside of the UK and no history of travel to regions with endemic MPX. They were both fit and well, with Patient 2 having a history of well controlled HIV on antiretroviral treatment. At the time of condomless sexual contact at the end of April 2022, Patient 1 was the receptive partner and Patient 2 the insertive partner during both anal and oro-anal sex. Of note, ten days prior to sexual contact, Patient 1 reported kissing an unrelated individual who had a crusted oral lesion. VIRAL KINETICS/DATA ON POSITIVE SAMPLES: Within 24 h, lesion swabs from both individuals were confirmed to be positive for MPX, INCUBATION PERIOD: UK (May 2022) reported a case of 2 males, one developed a rash 24 hours after sex with second male that developed perioral papules 48 hours after sex. The first case may have kissed an infected person with a crusted rash 10 days prior. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: experienced painful perianal lesions and white spots (no genital lesions) after sexual intercourse with another male who subsequently experienced symptoms of perioral papules which blistered and ulcerated 48 hours after contact and had persistent lesions in the genital area and facial ulcers. Fever was not reported in either case. Patient 1 reported kissing an unrelated individual who had a crusted oral lesion. Twenty-four hours after sexual contact (both anal and oro-anal), Patient 1 developed perioral white spots and painful perianal blistering lesions. Forty-eight hours later, Patient 2 had symptoms of perioral papules which blistered and ulcerated, with subsequent papules on the mons pubis and penile shaft which evolved into painful ulcers. | Our case involves two white British men (patients 1 and 2) who report no recent travel outside of the UK and no history of travel to regions with endemic MPX. They were both fit and well, with Patient 2 having a history of well controlled HIV on antiretroviral treatment. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
61 | 6/10/2022 | 634 | Case series of monkeypox infections ( 634) Nat Rev Microbiol . Hofer, U.. 2022/06/08 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1038/s41579-022-00757-2 ; #URL# | Hofer, U. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | 6/10/2022 | 635 | Monkeypox: Doctors in England will have to notify local agencies of all suspected cases ( 635) Bmj . Iacobucci, G.. 377,2022/06/08 (2022): o1413--> 10.1136/bmj.o1413 ; #URL# | Iacobucci, G. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
63 | 6/10/2022 | 636 | Spreading of monkeypox in non-endemic countries has created panic across the world: Could it be another threat? ( 636) J Med Virol . Islam, M. R., Asaduzzaman, M., Shahriar, M., Bhuiyan, M. A.. 2022/06/09 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27919 ; #URL# | Islam, M. R., Asaduzzaman, M., Shahriar, M., Bhuiyan, M. A. | N/A This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
64 | 6/10/2022 | 637 | Monkeypox vaccination begins - can the global outbreaks be contained? ( 637) Nature . Kozlov, M.. 2022/06/09 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1038/d41586-022-01587-1 ; #URL# | Kozlov, M. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
65 | 6/10/2022 | 638 | Monkeypox vaccination plans take shape amid questions ( 638) Science . Kupferschmidt, K.. 376,2022/06/10 (2022): 1142--> 10.1126/science.add3743 ; #URL# | Kupferschmidt, K. | Favored shot is a seemingly safer smallpox vaccine, but researchers debate how best to use it. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
66 | 6/10/2022 | 639 | Monkeypox Outbreak - Nine States, May 2022 ( 639) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . Minhaj, F. S., Ogale, Y. P., Whitehill, F., Schultz, J., Foote, M., Davidson, W., Hughes, C. M., Wilkins, K., Bachmann, L., Chatelain, R., Donnelly, M. A. P., Mendoza, R., Downes, B. L., Roskosky, M., Barnes, M., Gallagher, G. R., Basgoz, N., Ruiz, V., Kyaw, N. T. T., Feldpausch, A., Valderrama, A., Alvarado-Ramy, F., Dowell, C. H., Chow, C. C., Li, Y., Quilter, L., Brooks, J., Daskalakis, D. C., McClung, R. P., Petersen, B. W., Damon, I., Hutson, C., McQuiston, J., Rao, A. K., Belay, E., McCollum, A. M.. 71,2022/06/10 (2022): 764--> 10.15585/mmwr.mm7123e1 ; #URL# | Minhaj, F. S., Ogale, Y. P., Whitehill, F., Schultz, J., Foote, M., Davidson, W., Hughes, C. M., Wilkins, K., Bachmann, L., Chatelain, R., Donnelly, M. A. P., Mendoza, R., Downes, B. L., Roskosky, M., Barnes, M., Gallagher, G. R., Basgoz, N., Ruiz, V., Kyaw, N. T. T., Feldpausch, A., Valderrama, A., Alvarado-Ramy, F., Dowell, C. H., Chow, C. C., Li, Y., Quilter, L., Brooks, J., Daskalakis, D. C., McClung, R. P., Petersen, B. W., Damon, I., Hutson, C., McQuiston, J., Rao, A. K., Belay, E., McCollum, A. M. | On May 17, 2022, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) Laboratory Response Network (LRN) laboratory confirmed the presence of orthopoxvirus DNA via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from lesion swabs obtained from a Massachusetts resident. Orthopoxviruses include Monkeypox virus, the causative agent of monkeypox. Subsequent real-time PCR testing at CDC on May 18 confirmed that the patient was infected with the West African clade of Monkeypox virus. Since then, confirmed cases* have been reported by nine states. In addition, 28 countries and territories,(†) none of which has endemic monkeypox, have reported laboratory-confirmed cases. On May 17, CDC, in coordination with state and local jurisdictions, initiated an emergency response to identify, monitor, and investigate additional monkeypox cases in the United States. This response has included releasing a Health Alert Network (HAN) Health Advisory, developing interim public health and clinical recommendations, releasing guidance for LRN testing, hosting clinician and public health partner outreach calls, disseminating health communication messages to the public, developing protocols for use and release of medical countermeasures, and facilitating delivery of vaccine postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) and antivirals that have been stockpiled by the U.S. government for preparedness and response purposes. On May 19, a call center was established to provide guidance to states for the evaluation of possible cases of monkeypox, including recommendations for clinical diagnosis and orthopoxvirus testing. The call center also gathers information about possible cases to identify interjurisdictional linkages. As of May 31, this investigation has identified 17(§) cases in the United States; most cases (16) were diagnosed in persons who identify as gay, bisexual, or men who have sex with men (MSM). Ongoing investigation suggests person-to-person community transmission, and CDC urges health departments, clinicians, and the public to remain vigilant, institute appropriate infection prevention and control measures, and notify public health authorities of suspected cases to reduce disease spread. Public health authorities are identifying cases and conducting investigations to determine possible sources and prevent further spread. This activity was reviewed by CDC and conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy.(¶). | Yes - Primary | Peer-reviewed journal article | United States | 2022 outbreak | May 2022 | Clade II /West African clade | Surveillance data analysis | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: A surveillance study (data up to May 31) across nine US states (California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Massachusetts, New York, Utah, Virginia, and Washington) described 17 adult cases (mean 40 years (range 28-61)) of the West African clade and 94.1% (16/17) identified as gay, bisexual, or MSM. International travel was reported in 82.4% (14/17) patients involving 11 different countries during the 21 days preceding symptom onset All had rash onset dates during May 1–27; three patients were immunocompromised. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Common symptoms included chills, fatigue, fever, lymphadenopathy. Prodromal symptoms (fever, fatigue, or headache) occurred prior to rash onset in 70.6% (12/17), 47.1% (8/17) reported rash started in the genital or perianal area, and 94.1% (16/17) developed a disseminated rash, occurring on the arms, trunk, legs, and face. | As of May 31, this investigation has identified 17§ cases in the United States; most cases (16) were diagnosed in persons who identify as gay, bisexual, or men who have sex with men (MSM). Ongoing investigation suggests person-to-person community transmission, and CDC urges health departments, clinicians, and the public to remain vigilant, institute appropriate infection prevention and control measures, and notify public health authorities of suspected cases to reduce disease spread. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
67 | 6/10/2022 | 641 | Affenpocken: Seien Sie wachsam! ( 641) MMW Fortschr Med . Oberhofer, E.. 164,2022/06/02 (2022): 12--> 10.1007/s15006-022-1086-6 ; #URL# | Oberhofer, E. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
68 | 6/10/2022 | 642 | International outbreak of monkeypox in men having sex with men ( 642) AIDS Rev . Soriano, V., Corral, O.. 2022/06/08 (2022): #pages#--> 10.24875/AIDSRev.M22000051 ; #URL# | Soriano, V., Corral, O. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
69 | 6/10/2022 | 643 | What Is Monkeypox? ( 643) Jama . Walter, K., Malani, P. N.. 2022/06/10 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1001/jama.2022.10259 ; #URL# | Walter, K., Malani, P. N. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
70 | 6/10/2022 | 644 | Monkeypox Transmission Following Exposure in Healthcare Facilities in Non-Endemic Settings: Low Risk but Limited Literature ( 644) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol . Zachary, K. C., Shenoy, E. S.. 2022/06/09 (2022): 1--> 10.1017/ice.2022.152 ; #URL# | Zachary, K. C., Shenoy, E. S. | Transmission risk of Monkeypox (MPX) in healthcare settings outside of endemic regions has not been well-defined. A rapid review of the literature, including cases outside of MPX-endemic regions from 2000-2022 identified a single reported case of transmission. Available literature is limited by non-standardized exposure definitions and limited detail describing exposures. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
71 | 6/14/2022 | 645 | [Human Monkeypox] ( 645) Acta Med Port . Barbosa, J., Caldeira, M., Fernandes, C.. 2022/06/11 (2022): #pages#--> 10.20344/amp.18639 ; #URL# | Barbosa, J., Caldeira, M., Fernandes, C. | Yes - Primary | Peer-reviewed journal article | Portugal | 2022 outbreak | Jun 2022 | Not specified | Case report | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: 27-year old MSM who had multiple partners in the last month, developed skin lesions in the perianal region a day before the onset of headache and fever . The symptoms resolved in two weeks. He denies recent travel or contact with animals. VIRAL KINETICS/DATA ON POSITIVE: Lesion samples, collected by swab and sent to the National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, revealed monkeypox virus infection by PCR in real time. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: appearance of asymptomatic skin lesions in the perianal region preceded by a day for headache and fever. Upon observation, whitish papules are identified located in the perianal region and painful inguinal adenopathies. The lesions evolved with the formation of erosions covered by a central umbilicated crust and the condition resolved in two weeks. | A case report of a 27-year-old man noticed the appearance of asymptomatic skin lesions in the perianal region preceded by a day for headache and fever. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
72 | 6/14/2022 | 646 | Adding New Fuel to the Fire: Monkeypox in the Time of COVID-19-Implications for Health Care Personnel ( 646) Ann Intern Med . Palmore, T. N., Henderson, D. K.. 2022/06/14 (2022): #pages#--> 10.7326/m22-1763 ; #URL# | Palmore, T. N., Henderson, D. K. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
73 | 6/14/2022 | 650 | Unexpected sudden rise of human monkeypox cases in multiple non-endemic countries amid COVID-19 pandemic and salient counteracting strategies: Another potential global threat? ( 650) Int J Surg . Mohapatra, R. K., Tuli, H. S., Sarangi, A. K., Chakraborty, S., Chandran, D., Chakraborty, C., Dhama, K.. 2022/06/14 (2022): 106705--> 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106705 ; #URL# | Mohapatra, R. K., Tuli, H. S., Sarangi, A. K., Chakraborty, S., Chandran, D., Chakraborty, C., Dhama, K. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
74 | 6/14/2022 | 651 | Correction to: Multinational monkeypox outbreak: what do we know and what should we do? ( 651) Ir J Med Sci . Memariani, M., Memariani, H.. 2022/06/13 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1007/s11845-022-03064-0 ; #URL# | Memariani, M., Memariani, H. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
75 | 6/14/2022 | 652 | Epidemiological trends and clinical features of the ongoing monkeypox epidemic: a preliminary pooled data analysis and literature review ( 652) J Med Virol . Bragazzi, N. L., Kong, J. D., Mahroum, N., Tsigalou, C., Khamisy-Farah, R., Converti, M., Wu, J.. 2022/06/14 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1002/jmv.27931 ; #URL# | Bragazzi, N. L., Kong, J. D., Mahroum, N., Tsigalou, C., Khamisy-Farah, R., Converti, M., Wu, J. | An emerging outbreak of monkeypox infection is quickly spreading worldwide, being currently reported in more than 30 countries, with slightly less than one thousand cases. In the present preliminary report, we collected and synthesized early data concerning epidemiological trends and clinical features of the ongoing outbreak and we compared them with those of previous outbreaks. Data were pooled from six clusters in Italy, Australia, the Czech Republic, Portugal, and the UK, totaling 124 cases (for 35 of which it was possible to retrieve detailed information). The ongoing epidemic differs from previous outbreaks in terms of age (54.29% of individuals in their thirties), sex/gender (most cases being males), risk factors, and transmission route, with sexual transmission being highly likely. Also, the clinical presentation is atypical and unusual, being characterized by anogenital lesions and rashes that relatively spare the face and extremities. The most prevalent sign/symptom reported was fever (in 54.29% of cases) followed by inguinal lymphadenopathy (45.71%) and exanthema (40.00%). Asthenia, fatigue, and headache were described in 22.86% and 25.71% of the subjects, respectively. Myalgia was present in 17.14% of the cases. Both genital and anal lesions (ulcers and vesicles) were reported in 31.43% of the cases. Finally, cervical lymphadenopathy was described in 11.43% of the sample, whilst the least commonly reported symptoms were diarrhea and axillary lymphadenopathy (5.71% of the case series for both symptoms). Some preliminary risk factors can be identified (being a young male, having sex with other men, engaging in risky behaviors and activities, including condomless sex, HIV positivity (54.29% of the sample analyzed), and a story of previous sexually transmitted infections, including syphilis). On the other hand, being fully virally suppressed and undetectable may protect against a more severe infectious course. However, further research in the field is urgently needed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76 | 6/14/2022 | 653 | Monkeypox in 2022-What Clinicians Need to Know ( 653) Jama . Guarner, J., Del Rio, C., Malani, P. N.. 2022/06/14 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1001/jama.2022.10802 ; #URL# | Guarner, J., Del Rio, C., Malani, P. N. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
77 | 6/14/2022 | 654 | Tracking the 2022 monkeypox outbreak with epidemiological data in real-time ( 654) Lancet Infect Dis . Kraemer, M. U. G., Tegally, H., Pigott, D. M., Dasgupta, A., Sheldon, J., Wilkinson, E., Schultheiss, M., Han, A., Oglia, M., Marks, S., Kanner, J., O'Brien, K., Dandamudi, S., Rader, B., Sewalk, K., Bento, A. I., Scarpino, S. V., de Oliveira, T., Bogoch, II, Katz, R., Brownstein, J. S.. 2022/06/12 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00359-0 ; #URL# | Kraemer, M. U. G., Tegally, H., Pigott, D. M., Dasgupta, A., Sheldon, J., Wilkinson, E., Schultheiss, M., Han, A., Oglia, M., Marks, S., Kanner, J., O'Brien, K., Dandamudi, S., Rader, B., Sewalk, K., Bento, A. I., Scarpino, S. V., de Oliveira, T., Bogoch, II, Katz, R., Brownstein, J. S. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
78 | 6/14/2022 | 655 | Monkeypox: a neglected old foe ( 655) Lancet Infect Dis . The Lancet Infectious, Diseases. 2022/06/13 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00377-2 ; #URL# | The Lancet Infectious, Diseases | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
79 | 6/14/2022 | 656 | Global human monkeypox outbreak: atypical presentation demanding urgent public health action ( 656) Lancet Microbe . Otu, A., Ebenso, B., Walley, J., Barceló, J. M., Ochu, C. L.. 2022/06/11 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/s2666-5247(22)00153-7 ; #URL# | Otu, A., Ebenso, B., Walley, J., Barceló, J. M., Ochu, C. L. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
80 | 6/14/2022 | 659 | Monkeypox outbreak: A novel threat after COVID-19? ( 659) Mil Med Res . Zhang, Y., Zhang, J. Y., Wang, F. S.. 9,2022/06/14 (2022): 29--> 10.1186/s40779-022-00395-y ; #URL# | Zhang, Y., Zhang, J. Y., Wang, F. S. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | 6/14/2022 | 661 | Concern over monkeypox outbreak: What can we learn from the top 100 highly cited articles in monkeypox research? ( 661) Travel Med Infect Dis . Cheng, K., Guo, Q., Zhou, Y., Wu, H.. 2022/06/12 (2022): 102371--> 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102371 ; #URL# | Cheng, K., Guo, Q., Zhou, Y., Wu, H. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
82 | 6/14/2022 | 662 | Risk of monkeypox outbreak in Nepal ( 662) Travel Med Infect Dis . Subedi, D., Acharya, K. P.. 2022/06/13 (2022): 102381--> 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102381 ; #URL# | Subedi, D., Acharya, K. P. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
83 | 6/17/2022 | 680 | Saving energy, monkeypox's march - the week in infographics ( 680) Nature . . 2022/06/15 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1038/d41586-022-01661-8 ; #URL# | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
84 | 6/17/2022 | 681 | Novel, Rapid Metagenomic Method to Detect Emerging Viral Pathogens Applied to Human Monkeypox Infections ( 681) SSRN - Lancet prepublication . Alcolea-Medina, Adela. #volume# (2022): #pages#--> #doi# ; https://ssrn.com/abstract=4132526 | Alcolea-Medina, Adela | Emergence of new viral infections with significant public health impact are frequent events, which requires the need for comprehensive methodologies to detect rare, novel or emerging pathogens. Note: Funding Information: This research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy’s and St Thomas’ National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust and King’s College London, the programme of Infection and Immunity (RJ112/N027) JDE, LBS and TC. CA is supported by a Guy’s and St Thomas’ Charity Fund grant TCF190910. AAM is supported with PhD fees from Viapath Scientific Learning & Development Fund. JOG was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Institute Strategic Programme Microbes in the Food Chain BB/R012504/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR10348, BBS/E/F/000PR10349, BBS/E/F/000PR10351 and BBS/E/F/000PR10352 and Innovate UK-China AMR grant TS/S00887X/1, the Quadram Institute Bioscience BBSRC funded Core Capability Grant (project number BB/CCG1860/1). Conflict of Interests: JE has received speaking honoraria, consultancy fees, in-kind contributions or research funding from Oxford Nanopore. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests. AAM has a patent pending for the host depletion method in the viral metagenomic workflow. Ethical Approval: Ethical approval for the use of surplus anonymized samples taken as part of routine care without written informed consent for the purpose of novel diagnostic development, including sequencing and data handling, was granted by the UK Health Research Authority/Research Ethics Committee (UK HRA and REC reference 20/SC/0310). Skin swabs were processed under a pilot clinical metagenomics service as approved by the Institutional Hospital Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Review Board (QIPS: 13023).All aspects of this study involving human participants and human samples were conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. | Yes - Primary | Preprint | United Kingdom | 2022 outbreak | Jun 2022 | Not specified | Diagnostic accuracy | None/NA | Diagnostic test accuracy | DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY: In this lab study a viral metagenomic workflow which uses nanopore long read sequencing and takes 7 hours to process from sample receipt. The workflow was used to test skin lesions from four cases with blistering rashes. Monkey pox virus was detected in 75% (3/4, fourth case varicella zoster) of cases within 30 minutes of sequencing. 94% (Ct value 19) and 96% (Ct value 26) of the monkey pox viral genome were recovered in two samples at ≥10x depth of the reference genome after 16 hours of sequencing. In the third case that was positive for monkey pox 49% of the genome was recovered (Ct value 21). The low amount of genome recovery was possible due to the cases being on day 18 of disease and on tecovirimat. | We present here (see Supplementary Materials) a simple viral metagenomics workflow that can rapidly detect both RNA and DNA viruses from a single sample and has the potential for translation to routine labs. The workflow uses nanopore long read sequencing and takes 7 hours from sample receipt, with results for viral identification available on the same day. Four positive nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) were processed to assess rapid detection of DNA or RNA viral pathogens. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
85 | 6/17/2022 | 682 | Rare monkeypox: Is it really a threat to the elderly? ( 682) Maturitas . Chavda, V. P., Apostolopoulos, V.. 2022/06/17 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.05.014 ; #URL# | Chavda, V. P., Apostolopoulos, V. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
86 | 6/17/2022 | 683 | Monkeypox could establish new reservoirs in animals ( 683) Science . Cohen, J.. 376,2022/06/17 (2022): 1258--> 10.1126/science.add4868 ; #URL# | Cohen, J. | Concern grows that virus will get footholds in species outside Africa. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
87 | 6/17/2022 | 684 | Monkeypox: Avoiding the Mistakes of Past Infectious Disease Epidemics ( 684) Ann Intern Med . Daskalakis, D., McClung, R. P., Mena, L., Mermin, J.. 2022/06/17 (2022): #pages#--> 10.7326/m22-1748 ; #URL# | Daskalakis, D., McClung, R. P., Mena, L., Mermin, J. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
88 | 6/17/2022 | 685 | Monkeypox 2022 outbreak: cases with exclusive genital lesions ( 685) J Travel Med . Davido, B., D'Anglejan, E., Jourdan, J., Robinault, A., Davido, G.. 2022/06/15 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1093/jtm/taac077 ; #URL# | Davido, B., D'Anglejan, E., Jourdan, J., Robinault, A., Davido, G. | Yes - Primary | Peer-reviewed journal article | France | 2022 outbreak | Jun 2022 | Not specified | Case series | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Incubation period | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | MODES OF TRANSMISSION: Two cases of men (both age 37) who engaged in sexual activity that occurred after travel (n=1 Gran Canaria and n=1 Berlin). INCUBATION PERIOD: PAtient 1:A 37 year old MSM traveled to Gran Canaria Pride event with several instances of sexual contact reported. Five days later he experienced fever, headache, and mild diarrhea. Patient 2:A 37 year old MSM travel to Berlin for a festival where he had unprotected sexual contact. First presented four days later with vesicular penis lesions that itched (considered as genital herpes). CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: One case presented with fever before experiencing a genital exclusive rash while on HIV prophylaxis and had recent treatment for syphilis. The second case experienced vesicular lesions (which were considered as genital herpes) and PCR confirmed gonococcal urethritis before experiencing a fever, pubic erythema, and macular rash that was confined to genital region. Other clinical findings were elevated CRP, lymphopenia, and inguinal adenopathy. Patient 1: A 37 year old MSM receiving HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and recently treated for syphilis. Traveled to Gran Canaria Pride event with several instances of sexual contact reported. Five days later he experienced fever, headache, and mild diarrhea. One day later the patient noticed a macular genital lesion (penis) that was not itchy. Rash was not present on face, trunk, limbs, palms, or soles. Monkey pox was confirmed and the case isolated for 14 days at home. Patient 2: A 37 year old MSM travel to Berlin for a festival where he had unprotected sexual contact. First presented four days later with vesicular penis lesions that itched (considered as genital herpes). The patient was treated for genital herpes and given valaciclovir in addition to a single dose ceftriaxone with azithromycin (given for a PCR confirmed gonococcal urethritis). The patient went on to develop a fever with macular lesions his penis (exclusively) and pubic erythema. Patient was hospitalized to preform a CT scan to rule of Fournier's gangrene. A perineal lesion was found along with elevated CRP, lymphopenia, and inguinal adenopathy. Monkey pox was confirmed by PCR. | Case series of two patients. 37 year old MSM traveled to Gran Canaria Pride event with several instances of sexual contact and then experienced symptoms and a 37 year old MSM travel to Berlin for a festival where he had unprotected sexual contact. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
89 | 6/17/2022 | 686 | Monkeypox outbreaks during COVID-19 pandemic: are we looking at an independent phenomenon or an overlapping pandemic? ( 686) Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob . Farahat, R. A., Abdelaal, A., Shah, J., Ghozy, S., Sah, R., Bonilla-Aldana, D., Rodriguez-Morales, A., McHugh, T. D., Leblebicioglu, H.. 21,2022/06/16 (2022): 26--> 10.1186/s12941-022-00518-2 ; #URL# | Farahat, R. A., Abdelaal, A., Shah, J., Ghozy, S., Sah, R., Bonilla-Aldana, D., Rodriguez-Morales, A., McHugh, T. D., Leblebicioglu, H. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
90 | 6/17/2022 | 687 | Diarrhea and monkeypox: a consideration ( 687) Rev Esp Enferm Dig . Mungmunpuntipantip, R., Wiwanitkit, V.. 2022/06/16 (2022): #pages#--> 10.17235/reed.2022.8957/2022 ; #URL# | Mungmunpuntipantip, R., Wiwanitkit, V. | In addition to the well-known pox infections, novel zoonotic pox diseases have emerged as a severe concern in infectious medicine. In May 2022, monkeypox has already been reported in many countries in Europe, creating a significant public health risk possibility. Human-to-human transfer is being researched right now. As the number of reported cases in various countries climbs, the medical community is concerned, and proper preparation is required. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
91 | 6/17/2022 | 688 | Monkeypox Genital Lesions ( 688) N Engl J Med . Patrocinio-Jesus, R., Peruzzu, F.. 2022/06/16 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1056/NEJMicm2206893 ; #URL# | Patrocinio-Jesus, R., Peruzzu, F. | Yes - Primary | Peer-reviewed journal article | Portugal | 2022 outbreak | Jun 2022* | Not specified | Case report | None/NA | Modes of transmission | Viral kinetics and data on positive samples | Incubation period | Clinical characteristics (symptomology and duration) | TRANSMISSION: 31-year-old man with well-controlled infection with the human immunodeficiency virus presented with symptoms post unprotected sexual contact with a new partner. VIRAL KINETICS/ DATA ON POSITIVE SAMPLES: PCR of swabs obtained from lesions on the genitals and the hands were positive for monkeypox. INCUBATION PERIOD: Patient developed symptoms ~2 weeks post exposure. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Patient presented to the clinic presented to the clinic with a 1-week history of a painless genital rash and a 2-day history of fever and sore throat. On physical examination, a macular rash and painful lymphadenopathy were observed in the right inguinal area, and two ulcerated lesions and several umbilicated pustules were observed on the penis. Five days after the initial presentation, the patient returned with vesiculopustular lesions on the face and hands. Within 2 weeks after his initial presentation, the patient’s lesions had abated without specific intervention. | A case report of a 31-year-old man with well-controlled infection with the human immunodeficiency virus presented with symptoms post unprotected sexual contact with a new partner. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
92 | 6/17/2022 | 689 | For how long can monkeypox reach the Balkan region? ( 689) Travel Med Infect Dis . Puca, E., Shapo, L.. 2022/06/15 (2022): 102382--> 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102382 ; #URL# | Puca, E., Shapo, L. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
93 | 6/17/2022 | 690 | The 2022 monkeypox outbreak: Lessons from the 640 cases in 36 countries - Correspondence ( 690) Int J Surg . Rahimi, F., Talebi Bezmin Abadi, A.. 2022/06/17 (2022): 106712--> 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106712 ; #URL# | Rahimi, F., Talebi Bezmin Abadi, A. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
94 | 6/17/2022 | 692 | Monkeypox: WHO to rename disease to prevent stigma ( 692) Bmj . Taylor, L.. 377,2022/06/17 (2022): o1489--> 10.1136/bmj.o1489 ; #URL# | Taylor, L. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
95 | 6/17/2022 | 693 | An unfolding monkeypox outbreak in Europe and beyond ( 693) Mil Med Res . Wallau, G. L., Maciel-de-Freitas, R., Schmidt-Chanasit, J.. 9,2022/06/16 (2022): 31--> 10.1186/s40779-022-00394-z ; #URL# | Wallau, G. L., Maciel-de-Freitas, R., Schmidt-Chanasit, J. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96 | 6/21/2022 | 696 | Monkeypox virus: A future scourge to the Pakistani Healthcare system ( 696) Ann Med Surg (Lond) . Mansoor, H., Abbas, S., Rehan, S. T., Hasan, M. M.. 79,2022/06/21 (2022): 103978--> 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103978 ; #URL# | Mansoor, H., Abbas, S., Rehan, S. T., Hasan, M. M. | Monkeypox is a rare viral infection that is mostly concentrated in the regions of Central and West Africa. During the last couple of weeks, reports of confirmed monkeypox cases in non-endemic countries such as the United Kingdom have alerted health authorities in Pakistan as well. Keeping in mind the devastating effects of the recent COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare system of Pakistan, a subsequent monkeypox outbreak can be catastrophic. During the COVID-19 outbreak, the lack of financial resources and manpower exposed the vulnerability of the country's healthcare system. Therefore, it is imperative that relevant health authorities proactively work towards educating the public regarding effective precautionary measures that can keep them safe in the event of a monkeypox outbreak. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97 | 6/21/2022 | 697 | A peculiar evolutionary feature of monkeypox virus ( 697) bioRxiv . Dai, Yicong, Teng, Xucong, Hu, Difei, Zhang, Qiushuang, Li, Jinghong. #volume# (2022): 2022.06.18.496696--> 10.1101/2022.06.18.496696 ; http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2022/06/19/2022.06.18.496696.abstract | Dai, Yicong, Teng, Xucong, Hu, Difei, Zhang, Qiushuang, Li, Jinghong | From 1 Jan 2022 to 15 June 2022, more than 2,100 cases of monkeypox have been reported in 42 countries. This unusual outbreak of monkeypox has raised new concerns in academia and the public. To keep abreast of the trend of the monkeypox epidemic, it is extremely urgent and important to surveille the accumulated genomic mutations and the change of the transmission ability of the pathogen, monkeypox virus (MPXV). We report a non-canonical RNA secondary structure, G-quadruplex (RG4), that surprisingly evolved stepwise with various variants. The RG4 motif is located in the coding sequence region of MPXV C9L gene that is functional in inhibiting host innate immune response. The evolution decreases the stability of this RG4 and promotes C9L protein level in living cells. Importantly, all the reported MPXV genomes in 2022 contain the most unstable RG4 variant, which may be the reason of the increasing spread of MPXV. These findings recommend that health authorities and researchers pay attention to the genomic evolution of MPXV.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. | Yes - Primary | Yes - Clade I | Preprint | China | 2022 outbreak | June 2022 | Clade I & II (WA and CB clades) | Phylogenetic analysis report | None/NA | Genomics and structural characterization | GENOMICS: A phylogenetic analysis investigated the evolution of the non-canonical RNA secondary structure, G-quadruplex (RG4 motif) located in the C9L gene as it plays a key role in the evasion of innate immune response. As the C9L RG4 motif evolved stepwise, the structural stability decreased which promoted increased expression of the corresponding protein. The West African clade strains after 2017, including the 2022 outbreak contain the most unstable C9L-RG4-5 motif compared to the Central African clade which contains a relatively stable C9L-RG4-7- 2G motif. This analysis suggests that the evolution C9L RG4 may regulate monkeypox activity by increasing the C9L protein level, thereby evading host immune response which could explain the increased spread observed in the current outbreak. | Herein, we first discover that there are a RG4 motif in the MPXV C9L mRNA, and it has evolved stepwise. We characterize that as the C9L RG4 motif evolves, its structural stability is gradually reduced. The MPXV strains found in the recent 5 years all have the most unstable RG4 variant. Next, we first confirm at the single-molecule level that the C9L RG4 can be formed in mammal cells. Finally, we verify that the decreased C9L RG4 stability increases the expression level of its corresponding protein. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
98 | 6/21/2022 | 698 | Dysphagia and Monkeypox: A Consideration ( 698) Dysphagia . Mungmunpuntipantip, R., Wiwanitkit, V.. 2022/06/21 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1007/s00455-022-10481-x ; #URL# | Mungmunpuntipantip, R., Wiwanitkit, V. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
99 | 6/21/2022 | 699 | Monkeypox: considerations for the understanding and containment of the current outbreak in non-endemic countries ( 699) Geroscience . Quarleri, J., Delpino, M. V., Galvan, V.. 2022/06/22 (2022): #pages#--> 10.1007/s11357-022-00611-6 ; #URL# | Quarleri, J., Delpino, M. V., Galvan, V. | The neglected and rare zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus (MPV) has recently spread widely, resulting in the largest known monkeypox outbreak outside of Africa, where it is endemic. MPV belongs to the Poxviridae family, genus Orthopoxvirus. At least two different clades have been identified, each having different fatality rates but recent cases are all phylogenetically related to the West African clade. MPV is transmitted directly by either person-to-person, -animal, or virus-contaminated fomite contact. The disease is often self-limited, and clinical symptoms include fever, skin lesions, and lymphadenopathies. At present, no deaths have been associated with the current outbreak. MPV DNA detection using molecular techniques is recommended for diagnosis. At least two approved drugs for antiviral therapy are available in the USA. Two different vaccines, including the vaccine used in the past for smallpox eradication and a new formulation more recently approved based on a live but non-replicating virus, are available that provide immunity to MPV. These and other clinical and public health considerations pertaining to the recent monkeypox outbreaks together with aspects of MPV biology are discussed in this article. | NOT Primary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | 6/21/2022 | 700 | Investigating monkeypox ( 700) Lancet . Burki, T.. 399,2022/06/20 (2022): 2254--> 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01096-0 ; #URL# | Burki, T. | NOT Primary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||