Background Information for Question #4
New Hampshire Register, State Year-book and Legislative Manual (1873), pg. 74
"Previous to 1805 the District System was unknown. That year an act was passed empowering towns to divide into school districts. The statute of 1827 ordered the sub-division of towns into school districts. The act of 1843 required that sub-division under severe penalty."
This uniquely American system of decentralized education was a vigorous and long-lived reaction against the unreasoning European monarchy, which had prevailed in previous times and was imposed upon our forefathers. Decentralization was considered a privilege of vital importance and not lightly to be relinquished.
The District System was common to many states, not just New Hampshire. By 1872 there were 234 towns in New Hampshire with 2,284 School Districts and 2,452 schools. Each school district had an average of 30 students. Starting in the 1870’s thousands of these school districts were consolidated.
Only 164 districts remain today. There are over 12,000 students in Nashua and over 15,000 students in Manchester -- each in a single district!
The compiled statutes of the state of New Hampshire (1853)
Ch 73: Of the Creation and Division of School Districts, pg. 167
Sec 12. The selectmen of two or more adjoining towns, on petition of any member of any school district in either of said towns, may, by a majority of the selectmen in each town, disannex such member, together with his taxable property, for school purposes, from the district to which he belongs, and annex him to one of the adjoining towns.
Sec. 13. Such selectmen may, in like manner, on petition of persons interested, form a new school district by the union of inhabitants of such adjoining towns, and may, for this purpose set off individuals with their taxable property, from existing districts; and it shall be the duty of the selectmen to define the districts so formed, by metes and bounds, and to cause the same to be recorded in their respective towns, and the selectmen of the town first incorporated may call the first meeting of the district so formed.
Restoring the District System would alleviate school district disputes over curricula and policy changes, such as the controversial International Baccalaureate program in Bedford. It would allow families to join districts, which re-affirm their values and approach to learning. If necessary, multiple smaller districts could share pre-existing district buildings as is done in other states to minimize transportation and overhead costs.