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1 | Table 1.1 Views on government responsibility for providing welfare, 1998-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | % agree government should be mainly responsible for … | 1998 | 1999 | 2001 | 2003 | 2005 | 2008 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||
3 | … ensuring people have enough to live on if they become unemployed | 85 | 87 | 88 | 81 | . | . | . | 59 | |||||||||||||||||||||
4 | … ensuring people have enough to live on in retirement | 56 | 58 | 62 | 58 | 56 | 58 | 52 | . | |||||||||||||||||||||
5 | … paying for the cost of healthcare when someone is ill | 82 | 85 | 87 | 83 | 86 | 86 | 88 | . | |||||||||||||||||||||
6 | … ensuring that people have enough to live on if they become sick for a long time or disabled | 80 | 83 | 84 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 84 | . | |||||||||||||||||||||
7 | Weighted base | 3146 | 3143 | 3287 | 3276 | 3210 | 3333 | 3297 | 3311 | |||||||||||||||||||||
8 | Unweighted base | 3146 | 3143 | 3287 | 3272 | 3193 | 3358 | 3297 | 3311 | |||||||||||||||||||||
9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | Figure 1.1 Attitudes to taxation and spending, 1983-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 | Attitudes towards taxation and spending | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | ||
14 | Reduce taxes and spend less | 9% | 5% | 6% | 5% | 3% | 3% | 3% | 3% | 4% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 3% | 3% | 4% | 5% | 3% | 3% | 6% | 6% | 7% | 6% | 7% | 8% | 8% | 9% | 6% | ||
15 | Keep taxes and spending the same | 54% | 50% | 43% | 44% | 42% | 37% | 37% | 29% | 28% | 33% | 31% | 34% | 31% | 32% | 34% | 40% | 34% | 31% | 38% | 42% | 43% | 43% | 47% | 50% | 55% | 56% | 55% | ||
16 | Increase taxes and spend more | 32% | 39% | 45% | 46% | 50% | 56% | 54% | 65% | 63% | 58% | 61% | 59% | 62% | 63% | 58% | 50% | 59% | 63% | 51% | 49% | 46% | 46% | 42% | 39% | 34% | 31% | 36% | ||
17 | Weighted base | 1761 | 1645 | 1769 | 3066 | 2766 | 2930 | 2698 | 2836 | 2945 | 3469 | 3633 | 3620 | 1355 | 3146 | 3143 | 2302 | 3287 | 3435 | 3276 | 2130 | 2167 | 3228 | 3082 | 2184 | 1134 | 3297 | 3311 | ||
18 | Unweighted base | 1719 | 1675 | 1804 | 3100 | 2847 | 3029 | 2797 | 2918 | 2945 | 3469 | 3633 | 3620 | 1355 | 3146 | 3143 | 2292 | 3287 | 3435 | 3272 | 2146 | 2166 | 3240 | 3094 | 2229 | 1139 | 3297 | 3311 | ||
19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 | Figure 1.2 Attitudes to government spending on welfare benefits and taxation and spending in general, 1987-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
23 | 1987 | 1989 | 1991 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||||
24 | % agree government should spend more on welfare beneifts | 55% | 61% | 58% | 53% | 50% | 49% | 43% | 43% | 40% | 38% | 43% | 44% | 43% | 36% | 36% | 35% | 32% | 35% | 27% | 29% | 28% | ||||||||
25 | Weighted base | 1243 | 2529 | 2428 | 2595 | 2957 | 3145 | 3103 | 2546 | 2478 | 2991 | 2821 | 2929 | 873 | 2610 | 2697 | 2813 | 2663 | 2956 | 963 | 2810 | 2845 | ||||||||
26 | Unweighted base | 1281 | 2604 | 2481 | 2567 | 2929 | 3135 | 3085 | 2531 | 2450 | 2980 | 2795 | 2900 | 881 | 2609 | 2699 | 2822 | 2672 | 3000 | 967 | 2791 | 2841 | ||||||||
27 | % agree government should increase taxes and spend more | 50% | 56% | 65% | 63% | 58% | 61% | 59% | 63% | 58% | 50% | 59% | 63% | 51% | 49% | 46% | 46% | 42% | 39% | 34% | 31% | 36% | ||||||||
28 | Weighted base | 2766 | 2930 | 2836 | 2945 | 3469 | 3633 | 3620 | 3146 | 3143 | 2302 | 3287 | 3435 | 3276 | 2130 | 2167 | 3228 | 3082 | 2184 | 1134 | 3297 | 3311 | ||||||||
29 | Unweighted base | 2847 | 3029 | 2918 | 2945 | 3469 | 3633 | 3620 | 3146 | 3143 | 2292 | 3287 | 3435 | 3272 | 2146 | 2166 | 3240 | 3094 | 2229 | 1139 | 3297 | 3311 | ||||||||
30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
32 | Table 1.2 Attitudes to government spending on different benefits, 1998-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
33 | % would like to see more government spending on … | 1998 | 1999 | 2002 | 2004 | 2006 | 2008 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
34 | … benefits for unemployed people | 22 | 25 | 22 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
35 | … benefits for disabled people who cannot work | 74 | 74 | 72 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 53 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
36 | … benefits for parents who work on very low incomes | 70 | 71 | 71 | 64 | 68 | 69 | 58 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
37 | … benefits for single parents | 35 | 34 | 40 | 36 | 39 | 38 | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
38 | … benefits for retired people | 73 | 71 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 57 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
39 | … benefits for people who care for those who are sick or disabled | 84 | 84 | 84 | 82 | 84 | 85 | 75 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
40 | Weighted base | 3146 | 3143 | 3435 | 3199 | 3228 | 3333 | 3311 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
41 | Unweighted base | 3146 | 3143 | 3435 | 3199 | 3240 | 3258 | 3311 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
44 | Figure 1.3 Attitudes to unemployment benefits by unemployment rate, 1983-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
45 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |
46 | % agree too low and cause hardship | 46% | 49% | 44% | 44% | 51% | n/a | 52% | 50% | 53% | n/a | 55% | 53% | 51% | 48% | 46% | 29% | 33% | 40% | 37% | 29% | 34% | 23% | 26% | 23% | 26% | 21% | 29% | 23% | 19% |
47 | % agree too high and discourage work | 35% | 28% | 34% | 33% | 29% | n/a | 27% | 29% | 27% | n/a | 24% | 24% | 30% | 32% | 28% | 46% | 42% | 36% | 37% | 47% | 40% | 54% | 50% | 54% | 54% | 61% | 51% | 54% | 62% |
48 | % unemployed in UK | 11 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
49 | Weighted base | 1761 | 1645 | 1769 | 3066 | 2766 | 2930 | 2698 | 2836 | 2945 | 3469 | 1199 | 3620 | 1355 | 3146 | 3143 | 3426 | 3287 | 3435 | 3272 | 3199 | 3210 | 3228 | 3082 | 3333 | 1134 | 3297 | 3311 | ||
50 | Unweighted base | 1719 | 1675 | 1804 | 3100 | 2847 | 3029 | 2797 | 2918 | 2945 | 3469 | 1234 | 3620 | 1355 | 3146 | 3143 | 3426 | 3287 | 3435 | 3276 | 3199 | 3139 | 3240 | 3094 | 3258 | 1139 | 3297 | 3311 | ||
51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
52 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
53 | Figure 1.4 Attitudes to welfare recipients 1987-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
54 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
55 | 1987 | 1989 | 1991 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||||
56 | % agree many don't deserve help | 31% | 28% | 26% | 24% | 26% | 30% | 28% | 32% | 27% | 31% | 32% | 36% | 38% | 39% | 40% | 29% | 36% | 37% | 34% | 35% | 35% | ||||||||
57 | % agree most unemployed people could find a job if they wanted one | 41% | 52% | 38% | 27% | 32% | 38% | 39% | 54% | 56% | 60% | 63% | 65% | 66% | 69% | 69% | 67% | 67% | 68% | 55% | 54% | 56% | ||||||||
58 | Weighted base | 1243 | 2529 | 2428 | 2595 | 2957 | 3145 | 3085 | 2956 | 2478 | 2991 | 2821 | 2929 | 881 | 2610 | 2697 | 2813 | 2663 | 2956 | 963 | 2791 | 2845 | ||||||||
59 | Unweighted base | 1281 | 2604 | 2481 | 2567 | 2929 | 3135 | 3103 | 3000 | 2450 | 2980 | 2795 | 2900 | 873 | 2609 | 2699 | 2822 | 2672 | 3000 | 967 | 2810 | 2841 | ||||||||
60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
61 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
62 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
63 | Figure 1.5 Attitudes to the welfare state, 1983-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
64 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1987 | 1989 | 1991 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||
65 | % agree welfare state encourages people to stop helping each other | 37% | 38% | 32% | 40% | 32% | 27% | 32% | 31% | 36% | 31% | 32% | 35% | 28% | 30% | 35% | 24% | 32% | 28% | 30% | 32% | 34% | 38% | 33% | ||||||
66 | % agree if benefits less generous, people stand on own feet | n/a | n/a | n/a | 33% | 30% | 26% | 25% | 27% | 33% | 33% | 38% | 38% | 39% | 44% | 42% | 47% | 49% | 47% | 52% | 54% | 53% | 55% | 54% | ||||||
67 | % disagree cutting benefits would damage too many people's lives | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 16% | 15% | 18% | 17% | 18% | 18% | 18% | 21% | 20% | 22% | 25% | 23% | ||||||
68 | % agree creation of welfare state one of Britain's proudest achievements | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 13% | 12% | 14% | 10% | 13% | 12% | 14% | 14% | 14% | 16% | 15% | 15% | ||||||
69 | Weighted base | 1610 | 1522 | 1502 | 1243 | 2529 | 2428 | 2595 | 2957 | 3145 | 3085 | 2478 | 2991 | 2821 | 2929 | 881 | 2610 | 2697 | 2813 | 2663 | 2956 | 963 | 2791 | 2845 | ||||||
70 | Unweighted base | 1650 | 1562 | 1530 | 1281 | 2604 | 2481 | 2567 | 2929 | 3135 | 3103 | 2450 | 2980 | 2795 | 2900 | 873 | 2609 | 2699 | 2822 | 2672 | 3000 | 967 | 2810 | 2841 | ||||||
71 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
73 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
74 | Table 1.3 Attitudes to the welfare system, 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
75 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
76 | Attitudes to the current benefits systems | Positive view | Neutral view | Negative view | Overall assessment (positive view - negative view) | Weighted base | Unweighted base | |||||||||||||||||||||||
77 | It supports people in low-paid work (agree) | % | 53 | 19 | 13 | 40 | 2841 | 2845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
78 | It targets benefits only at those who really need them (agree) | % | 23 | 21 | 35 | -12 | 2841 | 2845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
79 | It is far too complicated (disagree) | % | 8 | 26 | 39 | -31 | 2841 | 2845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
80 | It is slow to respond to changes in circumstances (disagree | % | 5 | 26 | 43 | -38 | 2841 | 2845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
81 | It effectively encourages recipients to move off benefits (agree) | % | 9 | 19 | 36 | -27 | 2841 | 2845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
82 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
83 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
84 | Table 1.4 Priorities for improving the benefits system | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
85 | Priorities for improving the benefits system | Highest priority | First or second highest priority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
86 | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
87 | Targeting benefits only at those who really need them | 33 | 53 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
88 | Rewarding those who work or look for work | 18 | 37 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
89 | Making sure those who are entitled to money claim it | 14 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
90 | Reducing fraud | 13 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
91 | Making sure those who save are not penalised | 12 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
92 | Providing benefits for those who cannot work | 6 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
93 | Making sure payments are fast and accurate | 3 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
94 | Weighted bases | 3297 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
95 | Unweighted bases | 3297 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
98 | Table 1.5 Agreement that government should be the main provider of support to the unemployed, by demographic characteristics, 2003 and 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
99 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 | % agree government should be main provider of support to the unemployed | 2003 | 2011 | % change since 2003 |