ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRS
1
Rubrospinal tractPart of the lateral indirect extra-pyramidal tract. Primarily facilitates flexion in the upper extremities. 0.2864735813
2
Where does the decussating of sensory fibers happenThe obex, in the caudal medulla0.8585942391
3
What tract lies in the pyramids of the medulla?Corticospinal0.1050010501
4
What are the clinical signs of a unilateral lesion in CN XII?Tongue moves towards lesion0.07143785614
5
What's the rabbit?The anterior part of the hippocampus0.1392242153
6
Where is Wernicke's area?Posterior third of the superior temporal gyrus0.556980787
7
Underactivity in which part of the limbic lobe occurs in depression?Anterior cingulate cortex0.2615206012
8
Lenticulostriate arteries - origin and functionArise at the commencement of the middle cerebral artery. Supply the lentiform nucleus, the caudate nucleus, and the internal capsule0.6495506191
9
What bulges in from the lateral wall of the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle?Head of the caudate0.0001233473793
10
Bell's palsyIdiopathic unilateral facial nerve paralysis. Usually rapid onset and self-limiting. Cause unknown0.7748900699
11
What is a common site for seizure initiation?The amygdala0.9934308603
12
Internuclear ophthalmoplegiaDisorder of conjugate lateral gaze in which the affected eye shows impairment of adduction. Feature of MS (if bilateral)0.4959525329
13
Blood supply to the cerebellumSuperior cerebellar artery (SCA), Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)0.6431442965
14
Which cranial nerves exit at the pontomedullary junction?VI - VIII (medial to lateral)0.9035830836
15
What's the caudate nucleus all about?Cognition / learning / memory0.1048563464
16
Horns of the lateral ventriclesFrontal, occipital and temporal0.2836479046
17
Function of the medial longitudinal fasciculusIntegrates CN III, IV, VI. Integrates movements directed by the gaze centers (frontal eye field) and information about head movement (from CN VIII)0.7331274286
18
What does the anterior commissure link?Some parts of the temporal and limbic lobes0.4618301916
19
Which cranial nerves exit at the cerebellopontine angle?VII and VIII0.7262171624
20
Symptoms of syringomyeliaLoss of pain and temperature sensation in a cape-like distribution0.1987342941
21
Where is the primary visual cortex?In the banks of the calcarine sulcus (which runs towards the occipital pole)0.5608731956
22
Link between light and suicide?Serotonin is converted to melatonin, leaving less around to make you happy0.5563290977
23
What does the SO muscle do?Moves the eye down and in0.2654230168
24
Dorsal column nucleiCuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus. At the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata (top of the dorsal aspect). Both nuclei contain secondary neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway0.3104373785
25
Role of hippocampus in memoryResponsible for episodic memory?0.1235005868
26
Ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamusKey somatosensory relay. Sends touch and proprioceptive information to the primary somatosensory cortex0.4743830476
27
What comes through the foramen lacerum?Internal carotid0.8328273041
28
Where does neurodegeneration start in Alzheimer's?Medial temporal lobe0.5106162262
29
Eye holesOptic canal (optic nerve and ophthalmic artery); Superior orbital fissure (motor supply to the eye, opthalmic vein, also V1)0.8434363418
30
Where does CN XII emerge?The ventrolateral sulcus (in front of the olive)0.2278396064
31
Central pontine myelinosisDemyelination disease that causes difficulty with sense of balance, walking, sense of touch, swallowing and speaking0.7755910204
32
Why is there macular sparing?Dual blood supply. Also the fovea is represented on both sides of the brain.0.03168048813
33
Where is the pars marginalis?It is the marginal part of the cingulate sulcus0.7555333998
34
Functions of the limbic lobeEmotion, Behavious, Memory, Olfaction0.6612356001
35
Anterior perforated substanceIrregularly quadrilateral area in front of the optic tract and behind the olfactory trigone. Site of entry of many perforating vessels0.8213657385
36
Which part of the internal capsule carries fibes of the medial lemniscus and the anterolateral systems?Posterior limb0.7989318553
37
Which nerves may commonly be compressed by an acoustic neuroma?CN V, VII0.4341997024
38
What happens in the ventral white commissure?SONs of the spinothalamic tract cross over (in the spinal cord)0.6872889577
39
Which cranial nerves pass through the cavernous sinus?Oculomotor, Trochlear, Olhthalmic, Maxillary, Abducens0.6017114843
40
Anterior commissureAlternative route to the corpus callosum. A bundle of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres across the midline. Placed in front of the columns of the fornix0.7766616079
41
Around what does the internal capsule wrap?The apex of the lentiform nucleus0.281050917
42
Why is the genu of the corpus callosum so thick?It links the whole of the frontal lobes0.3193238762
43
Three types of abnormal posturingDecorticate, Decerebrate, Opisthotonus0.002423624914
44
Area postremaMedullary structure in the brain that controls vomiting0.0269071187
45
Edinger-Westphal nucleusAccessory parasympathetic cranial nerve nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, supplying the constricting muscles of the iris0.04848438633
46
Where is the origin of the trigeminal nerve?Junction between the basilar pons and the middle cerebellar peduncle0.4329104671
47
What do the regions corresponding to Wernicke's and Broca's areas do on the right side?Non-verbal communication. Gesticulation etc0.870950693
48
Number of cerebellar peduncles6 in total. Superior, middle and inferior0.4155901556
49
Which part of the internal capsule carries corticospinal fibers?Posterior limb0.6357032311
50
What comprises the medial occipito-temporal gyrus?Parahippocampal and lungual gyri0.6079460249
51
What causes lacunar infarcts?Small vessel disease. Occlusion of a single deep penetrating artery0.1003430371
52
Vertical gaze and pineal tumoursVertical gaze nuclei can be impeded by pineal gland tumours0.7728301212
53
What is the effect of unilateral temporal lobe infarction?Defect in localising sounds, but not deafness. The ears are bilaterally represented.0.2611034487
54
Lobes of the cerebellumFlocculonodular, Anterior (above the primary fissure), Posterior (below the primary fissure)0.9775998543
55
Function of the nucleus ambiguusMotor to larynx/pharynx0.004679416296
56
What can be the result of a hippocampal infarct?Anterograde amnesia0.8425459191
57
What's the ventral tegmental area?Origin of the dopaminergic cell bodies of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system0.08856886241
58
Where is the decussation of the pyramids?The lower part of the medulla0.7419890871
59
What visual field defect results from infarction of the lingual gyrus?Contralateral superior homonymous quadrantinopia0.2026771335
60
Into what does the thalamus protrude?The lateral wall of the third ventricle0.5410300404
61
What are the clinical symptoms of a trochlear nerve palsy?Diplopia when looking down and inwards (e.g. reading, descending stairs)0.2651021674
62
Why is there less grey matter at the back of the spinal column?Dorsal ganglia lie outside0.8921482655
63
Components of the lentiform nucleusPutamen + globus pallidus0.9341989007
64
Why do brain tumours cause oedema?Angiogenesis produces "normal" (non-CNS) blood vessels, which do not preserve the blood-brain barrier0.884999286
65
What borders the anterior limb of the internal capsule?Caudate and lentiform nuclei0.1133525016
66
Role of the pineal glandVisual and auditory reflexes0.7338008298
67
Finding the primary auditory cortexFind the transverse gyri on the top (concealed) surface of the temporal lobe. It is the finger pointing to the trigone of the lateral ventricle - The most anterior gyrus0.8486270676
68
In what condition are UMN and LMNs degenerated?MND0.4466963564
69
Holes just anterior to the foramen magnumForamen lacerum, Foramen ovale (line of !), Foramen spinosum (dot of !), Foramen rotundum0.9149835193
70
Septum pellucidumThin, triangular, vertical membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the brain0.0006357438022
71
What is underneath the insula?Basal ganglia0.8245844075
72
When do FONs cross the midline?Never0.3469373015
73
What is supplied by the anterior corticospinal pathway?Axial/proximal muscles0.3194581812
74
Function of the insulaEmotion, Homeostasis0.7032379412
75
Where is the cutoff between supply by the gracile and cuneate fasciculi?T60.3072374909
76
Blood supply of Wernicke's area?MCA, lower division0.6065697035
77
Between which 2 vessels does CN III run?Posterior cerebral (above) and Superior cerebellar (below) arteries0.9176994646
78
Coronal sections including the thalamus pass through which part of the internal capsule?Posterior limb0.3725167738
79
Function of the insular cortexDiverse functions usually linked to emotion or the regulation of the body's homeostasis0.9824277065
80
Clinical signs of Broca's dysphasia?Non-fluent. Anomia. Alexia. Agraphia. Frustrating.0.1426270455
81
In which lobe is the amygdala round?Medial temporal0.9312192034
82
Sensory branches of the trigeminal nerveOphthalmic, Maxillary, Mandibular0.02542153038
83
What lies directly above the pineal gland?The splenium of the corpus callosum0.3461314059
84
What proportion of corticospinal tract fibres cross over?85 %0.817535361
85
Thalamic pain syndromeCondition developed after a thalamic stroke. Dysaesthesia or allodynia develop weeks to months later0.2846897278
86
Function of the geniculate bodies?Medial: auditory. Lateral: visual.0.005928814543
87
AmygdalaAlmond-shaped. Lie deep within the medial temporal lobes. Primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions0.8732597894
88
Cingulate gyrusLies immediately above the corpus callosum. Part of the limbic lobe.0.7280473359
89
How to find the central sulcusFollow the cingulate sulcus up and over. The central sulcus is one in front.0.5535660807
90
What is the effect of reduced blood flow to the cingulate gyrus?Severe, refractory depression0.8357316069
91
How do you find Broca's area?Frontal lobe. Bigger on left side. M sign. 0.04156594508
92
Result of blockage of anterior spinal arteryMedial medullary syndrome. Loss of hypoglossal nerve, Medullary pyramid/pyramidal tract, Medial leminiscus0.3551511812
93
Function of Broca's area?Expressive speech0.4082492292
94
Role of the rubrospinal tract following strokeCan compensate for loss of corticospinal tract0.3467553073
95
What looks like a rabbit?The hypothalamus (anterior part)0.4244349359
96
Clinical signs of Wernicke's dysphasia?Word salad0.2870202125
97
What borders the posterior limb of the internal capsule?Thalamus and lentiform nucleus0.2124136328
98
UncusThe anterior extremity of the parahippocampal gyrus.Separated from the apex of the temporal lobe by a slight fissure, the incisura temporalis0.6615714017
99
What is the role of the superior and inferior colliculi?Visual and auditory reflexes (respectively)0.4305901675
100
Blood supply of Broca's area?MCA, upper division0.9741404426