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RussiaUKGermanyAHUSTurkeyFranceJapanItaly
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What were their war aims before WW1?
1. Eliminate Germany as a Competitor


2. Gain Control of the Bosphorus


3. Pan-Slavic Movement		UK

War Aims:
• Prevent German dominance and control of Europe
• Protect their vast empire
• Maintain their world dominance – this meant ensuring German defeat
Aims during treaties:
• Ensure security of France
• Remove the threat of the German High Seas Fleet – maintain dominant navy
• Weaken Germany to ensure that they did not attack France again
• Ensure that British dominance is not eroded – preserving the British empire
• Settle territorial contentions – Britain wanted to secure land in the Middle East
• Wanted war reparations with Germany for both repayment of war costs and gaining public support back in Britain – the people wanted Germany to be punished.
• Wanted to ensure trade with nations including Germany (so to benefit economy), but prevent trade between the Central Powers
What happened to the UK after the war?
• Maintained control (rebuffed self-determination) of many colonies, such as Ireland and India.
• Were given reparations from Germany.
• Inherited control of Palestine
• Dominance of the British navy was secured – the German navy was disassembled.
• Signed the Treaty of Washington to signal their alliance with America – they did this instead of renewing their Treaty of London that allied them with Japan. This coupled with the fact that Japan’s wish for racial equality and rights was denied by Britain & AUS, lead to Japan becoming less cooperative with the west and developed more nationalistic views.
• Joined the League of Nations
• Political, social and economic effects (see effects of ww1)

War Aims: War Aims:
- Territory: other EU countries had multiple colonies, and Germany had only a small province in China, Shandong and Tanzania
- Wanted to be controlling power in Europe at the expense of France
- Continued control of Alsace-Lorraine (rich in resources)
- Control of Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, some Polish territory, Baltic states of Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia
- Reparations from Allies (money)
- Control of high seas (Britain’s title)

Aims During Treaties:
- To be treated fairly (not given sole blame for the war): tried to prepare a defence of blame, which was ignored by the Allies
- To be given a chance to negotiate
- Wanted a peace treaty based around Wilson’s 14 point plan, rather than French revenge
- Wanted no economic barriers (i.e. blocked ports, trade embargo): didn’t want their repayment to be inhibited by lack of income
- Wanted to have a enough money after reparations in order to defend itself from communism (Bolsheviks—Russia)



 

No war aims.

Wanted to maintain neutrality.

• Though not a significant partner in the war, the Ottoman Empire was nevertheless wishing to capitalise on the successes of the Central Powers.
• They wanted to do this by establishing a greater dominion over all Turkish speaking people as well as regaining lost lands in the Balkans.

French aims during Paris Peace Conference: -Wanted to recover vital land for economic prosperity (i.e. Alsace-Lorraine)
-An independent Rhineland (between French and German borders) as well as Poland
-Strengthen influences in the Middle East
-Reparations for civilian loss, etc.
-Disarmament of Germany
-Stronger alliance with Britain and emerging power, the USA
-acceptance of Covenant of the League of Nation
-Determined to prove the German’s wholly responsible for war		-Been allies with UK since 1902, wanted to stay allies. So when the UK asked for help they agreed
-Japan would enter the war if it could take Germany's Pacific territories. They wanted more colonial power
Did not come into the war with any specific aims other than to gain territory and become a larger power in Europe. Italy only entered the war in 1915 with the ʺTreaty of Londonʺ. This was the result of the allies "out bidding" the central powers for the support of Italy. The allies offered territory in North Africa, the Dalmation Coast and Tyrio which is located in the northern mountainous part of Italy.yhouhohohuhuohuohuohuohuohuohohuohuohouhuhohouhouhouhouhouhouhuohohuohouhouhouhuohouhohouhuohohohohohuohuohuhuhuhhhuuhuhuhuhuhouhhohouhouhouhuohuhuohuohuhuohuohuohuohuohouhouhuohuhuohouhuohuohuohuohouh;ouhuoh;oh;o;h;ouh;ouh;oh;uoh;ouh;uoh;oh;oh;uoh;ouh;ouh;ou;uh;uoh;ouh;uohuoh;uoh;ouh;uoh;uoh;ouh;ouhuhuoh;uoh;uoh;uh;uohuoh;uhuh;ouhuhuh;ouh;uo;uohuhuo;h;uoh;uoh;ouuoh;uoh;ouhuh;uo;ouh;uoh;ouh;uoh;ouh;uoh;uoh;uoh;uohuh;uohuuoh;uh;uohouh;uohouh;uoh;;;ouh;uohouhouhouhuohuohuohuhuouohouhuo;houhuo;h;uohuu;oh;ouhuoh;uoh;ouh;uoh;uohuoh;ouh;uoh;uoh;uoh;uohu;ohu;o;uh;uoh;uoh;uoh;uoh;uoh;uohuo;u;oouuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuhu;;uouoh;;h;h;o'ip
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What were their aims during the treaties?1Austria-Hungary as a defeated power had no many aims for the treaty. If anything they hoped that the victorious powers would show mercy and not punish Austria and Hungry too much

Wanted to gain acceptance of his proposal of the fourteen
points (had a lot of pressure to deliver what he promised)

Did not encourage or believe that the responsibility for the
war that article 231 placed on Germany  was
fair or warranted.

Hoped to establish a more diplomatic and liberal world.

Wanted to establish the League of Nations.

-Wanted to recover vital land for economic prosperity (i.e. Alsace-Lorraine) -An independent Rhineland (between French and German borders) as well as Poland -Strengthen influences in the Middle East Threatened by emerging Germany, wanted to prevent a dominant ‘Mitteleuropa’
-Still bitter about losing A-L in F-P war, wanted to recover it as vital for economic development
-Further its empirical powers, e.g. colonies in Northern Africa
-Reparations for civilian loss, etc.
-Disarmament of Germany -Stronger alliance with Britain and emerging power, the USA -acceptance of Covenant of the League of Nation -Determined to prove the German’s wholly responsible for war		Going into the Paris Peace Conference, Japan wanted the inclusion of a "racial equality clause" into the Covenant of the League of Nations, which would protect Japanese immigrants in America. They also wanted former German colonies they believed they were entitled to.During the Treaties, Italy aimed to get as much of the territory as the were promised in the Treaty of London and as much more as they could manage. Italy, led by Vittoro Orlando, due to their major losses in men and the destruction of land, Italy felt entitled to these claims I
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What happened to them after the war?War Aims:War Aims:
- Territory: other EU countries had multiple colonies, and Germany had only a small province in China, Shandong and Tanzania
- Wanted to be controlling power in Europe at the expense of France
- Continued control of Alsace-Lorraine (rich in resources)
- Control of Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, some Polish territory, Baltic states of Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia
- Reparations from Allies (money)
- Control of high seas (Britain’s title)

Aims During Treaties:
- To be treated fairly (not given sole blame for the war): tried to prepare a defence of blame, which was ignored by the Allies
- To be given a chance to negotiate
- Wanted a peace treaty based around Wilson’s 14 point plan, rather than French revenge
- Wanted no economic barriers (i.e. blocked ports, trade embargo): didn’t want their repayment to be inhibited by lack of income
- Wanted to have a enough money after reparations in order to defend itself from communism (Bolsheviks—Russia)

Wanted to be controlling power in Europe at the expense of Francenever ratified treaty of Versailles . A unanimous vote was required to include the racial equality clause into the Covenant of the League of Nations. Due to the Australian delegation intending to protect its White Australia policy, they sought ought Britain's help to resist the Clause and it was therefore not included in the Covenant. Japan did end up recieving a large amount of territory incuding Shantung, which caused tensions with the Chinese delegation. Japan ended up not receiving as much territory as they wanted, which caused the delegation to storm out of the conference.qwertyuioiuytrewqwertyuioiuytrewertyuioiuytrewrtyuiooiuytrewertyuiooiuytrew
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••Prevent German dominance and control of EuropeContinued control of Alsace-Lorraine (rich in resources)Ultimately all they wanted to do at the end of the war was survive
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•Protect their vast empireControl of Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, some Polish territory, Baltic states of Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia
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••Maintain their world dominance – this meant ensuring German defeatReparations from Allies (money)
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Aims during treaties:Control of high seas (Britain’s title)
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••Ensure security of France
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•Remove the threat of the German High Seas Fleet – maintain dominant navy
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•Weaken Germany to ensure that they did not attack France again
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••Ensure that British dominance is not eroded – preserving the British empire
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•Settle territorial contentions – Britain wanted to secure land in the Middle East
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••Wanted war reparations with Germany for both repayment of war costs and gaining public support back in Britain – the people wanted Germany to be punished.
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•Wanted to ensure trade with nations including Germany (so to benefit economy), but prevent trade between the Central Powers
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What happened to the UK after the war?
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•Maintained control (rebuffed self-determination) of many colonies, such as Ireland and India.
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3. Gain Control of the Bosphorus•Were given reparations from Germany.
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•Inherited control of Palestine
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••Dominance of the British navy was secured – the German navy was disassembled.
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•Signed the Treaty of Washington to signal their alliance with America – they did this instead of renewing their Treaty of London that allied them with Japan. This coupled with the fact that Japan’s wish for racial equality and rights was denied by Britain & AUS, lead to Japan becoming less cooperative with the west and developed more nationalistic views.
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••Joined the League of Nations
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•Political, social and economic effects (see effects of ww1)
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4. Pan-Slavic Movement
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•The idea of pan-slavism largely grew out of Western Romanticism, which encouraged a unity or fellowship with other peoples of similar ethnic and linguistic background.
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•Pan-Slavism was the trigger to World War I: when Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was shot by a Serbian nationalist, and Austria-Hungary threatened violent retribution upon the Balkans, Russia promised to aid their slavic bretheren.
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•While the pan-slavic ideology gave Russia's entrance into WWI a moral excuse, it forshadowed an ominous Russian involvement in the affairs of the newly-independent nations of Eastern Europe.
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