Chapter 3:
Nouns
Lesson 26
Types of Nouns
How important are details?
ESSENTIAL
?
precision
noun
names a person, place, �thing, or idea
common noun
a general name of a person,�place, or thing
proper noun
names a specific person, place,�or thing
abstract noun
names an idea
collective noun
names a group of�people or things
1. Eva likes to learn about dinosaurs with her class.
2. The Museum of Natural History has several reconstructed skeletons of dinosaurs.
3. Paleontologists look for fossils from all over the world.
Lesson 27
Singular and Plural Nouns
precision
singular nouns
name one person, place, thing, or idea
plural nouns
name more than one person, place, thing, or idea
1. puppy ________________
2. donkey ________________
3. wish ________________
4. bus ________________
5. fox ________________
6. country ________________
puppies
donkeys
wishes
buses
foxes
countries
⚪ The blue jays flew off.
⚪ The dais grow shorter in the fall.
⚪ Josh dries the dishes after Kaylee washes them.
Lesson 28
Special Plurals
For a noun ending in a vowel + -o, add -s.
rodeo rodeos
studio studios
For a noun ending in a consonant + -o, add -s or -es.
potato potatoes
piano pianos
For some nouns ending in f or fe, change the f to v and add -es.
calf calves
half halves
knife knives
Some plural nouns have a special form that does not end in -s.
woman women
man men
child children
Some nouns do not change form at all when they are made plural.
sheep
deer
mouse
elk
1. piano ________________
2. woman ________________
3. leaf ________________
4. mouse ________________
pianos
women
leaves
mice
⚪ Three deers ran across the field.
⚪ The wolves howled at the moon.
⚪ The wagons were pulled by oxes.
Lesson 29
singular possessive noun
a singular noun that has or owns something
singular possessive noun
made possessive by adding -’s to the end of the noun
the dog belonging to Esther
Esther’s dog
the teeth of the panther
the panther’s teeth
the baseball bat belonging to Henry
Henry’s baseball bat
1. I like looking at my friend’s rock collection.
2. The rock’s surface has been worn smooth.
6. the price of the cup ________________
7. the size of the shirt ________________
the cup’s price
the shirt’s size
⚪ This animals fur is thick.
⚪ The whale’s mouth is huge.
Lesson 30
Plural Possessive Nouns
plural possessive noun
a plural noun that has or owns something
If the plural noun already ends in -s, add an apostrophe after the -s.
the hats of the boys
the boys’ hats
If the plural noun does not end in -s, add a -s.
the cars belonging to the policemen
the policemen’s cars
1. The scientists’ ideas were correct.
2. Ian went to the biologists’ meeting.
3. The butterflies’ wings are beautiful.
⚪ The two museum’s exhibits were similar.
⚪ There were sketches of the trees’ leaves in the book.
⚪ The guide told us about several plant’s leaves.
9. the trunks that the elephants have ___________________
10. the noses of the oxen ___________________
the elephants’ trunks
the oxen’s noses
Lesson 31
Practice
precision
Lesson 32
Capitalizing Proper Nouns
proper noun
names a specific person, place, or thing
proper noun
can be more than one word; each main word begins with a capital letter
a historical person you admire
the nearest local library
a sports team you or someone in your family supports
a geographical landmark in your area (mountain, river, lake, canyon, etc.)
a city you would like to visit
1. herbert lang and james chapin explored africa in 1909.
2. the men traveled from new york to the belgian congo in africa.
3. james chapin visited chief okonda’s village.
Lesson 33
Capitalizing Titles
The titles of books, newspapers, magazines, stories, poems, and songs are proper nouns.
Capitalize the first, last, and all important words of these titles.
The titles of books, newspapers, magazines, stories, poems, and songs are proper nouns.
Underline or italicize the title of a book, newspaper, or magazine.
The titles of books, newspapers, magazines, stories, poems, and songs are proper nouns.
Place quotation marks around the title of a song, poem, or story.
⚪ (poem) The Sunset
⚪ (book) The Search for the Silver Eagle
⚪ (magazine) Military Kid’s Life
6. wildlife of Alaska (book) ___________________________
7. the tale of custard the dragon (poem) ___________________________
Wildlife of Alaska
“The Tale of Custard the Dragon”
Lesson 34
Confusing Proper Nouns
Common | Plural |
pastor | |
city | |
month | |
building | |
day | |
team | |
state | |
holiday | |
street | |
ocean | |
Some words can be�common nouns or proper nouns.
Common nouns that show family relationships become proper nouns when they are used as a name or part of a name.
My aunt and my uncle live in California.
Aunt Kate and Uncle Patrick live in California.
Common nouns that describe a geographic feature become proper nouns when they are used as a name or part of a name.
The river is at the bottom of the valley.
The Hudson River is at the bottom of the Hudson Valley.
Compass words become proper nouns when they are used to refer to a region.
My family travels west every summer.
We watched a news broadcast about wildfires in the West.
Titles of respect are capitalized when they are used with a person’s name.
The pastor preached a gospel message.
Pastor Reynolds preached a gospel message.
⚪ The senator visited our school.
⚪ José lives near the Rocky mountains.
⚪ Drive three miles South on Ridgedale Road.
Lesson 35
Abbreviations
abbreviation
a short way of writing a word
1. Monday, May 22 ___________
2. last Wednesday ___________
Mon.
Wed.
3. October 1 ___________
Oct.
Lesson 36
Using Commas
Comma Rules |
Use commas after the greeting and closing in letters. |
Use a comma between the city and the state. |
Use a comma between the day and year in a date. |
1. October 31 1517 ___________
2. December 16 1773 ___________
Oct. 31, 1517
Dec. 16, 1773
3. July 4 1776 ___________
July 4, 1776
__________________
__________________
__________________
53 Applewood Ln.
Everly Harris
Boston, MA 02108
Lesson 37
Practice
precision
My grandfather served in the Air Force.
Do you know any facts about president Hoover?
Timothy wrote a thank you note to Cousin Roberta.
Violet and I brought a special
gift for mom.
Mr. Lee enjoys fishing in the River.
Lesson 38
Review
precision
Oscar lives in Montgomery Alabama.
Oscars mom owns a bakery.
The bakery is called Clarissa’s Kitchen.
The grand opening was on September 4 2018.
Last year his mom wrote a book called Cookies one hundred Ways.
The bakery sells many boxs of birthday cookies and cupcakes.
Lesson 39
Test
Lesson 40
Journal and Review