1 of 42

Meiosis and Mutations

Week 15-Life Science

2 of 42

DNA vs. RNA Comparison

3 of 42

By the end of today…

  • Explain what makes DNA and RNA similar
  • Explain what makes DNA and RNA different

4 of 42

5 of 42

https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/basics/rna/

Visit this site and explore the interactive that highlights the differences between DNA and RNA

6 of 42

Protein Synthesis

7 of 42

By the end of today…

  • Know why your body needs proteins
  • Be able to explain how proteins are made from the instructions found in DNA
  • Use important words like mRNA and ribosome, to show the steps in the process

8 of 42

9 of 42

10 of 42

By the end of today…

  • Know why your body needs proteins
  • Be able to explain how proteins are made from the instructions found in DNA
  • Use important words like mRNA and ribosome, to show the steps in the process

11 of 42

Meiosis

12 of 42

13 of 42

14 of 42

15 of 42

By the end of today…

  • Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis
  • Understand how meiosis contributes to genetic diversity

16 of 42

17 of 42

18 of 42

By the end of today…

  • Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis
  • Understand how meiosis contributes to genetic diversity

19 of 42

Meiosis Card Sort

20 of 42

21 of 42

By the end of today…

  • Explain the differences and similarities between mitosis and meiosis

22 of 42

Mutation Activity

23 of 42

24 of 42

By the end of today…

  • Explain three types of mutations to DNA
  • Understand how mutations can impact protein production

25 of 42

3 Types of Mutations

Insertion: Adding in a new baase pair

​

Deletion: Leaving out a bse pair

​

Substitution: Swapping one bese pair for another

26 of 42

Prep

Cut out the DNA, DNA copy, RNA, and protein strips (solid black lines)

​

27 of 42

Step 1: Be DNA Polymerase

28 of 42

Step 1: Be DNA Polymerase

“Unzip the DNA” by cutting apart the DNA strand along dotted line. STOP at the gray!

29 of 42

Step 1: Be DNA Polymerase

Replicate the strand by writing in the complimentary (matching) base pairs

30 of 42

Step 2: Be DNA Polymerase

Sometimes you make a mistake…

​

Make a mutation somewhere in the last half of your DNA and mark with an asterisk *

31 of 42

Step 3: Transcription-Be RNA Polymerase

32 of 42

Step 3: Transcription-Be RNA Polymerase

  1. Flip your DNA so your handwritten copy is on the bottom
  2. Attach the mRNA strip

33 of 42

Step 3: Transcription-Be RNA Polymerase

  • Transcribe your DNA strand into RNA (remember A pairs with U)
  • Don’t forget to include your mutation
  • Mark the location of the mutation with a *

34 of 42

Step 4: Translation-Be a Ribosome

35 of 42

Step 4: Translation-Be a Ribosome

  • Separate your mRNA strand
  • Starting on the left (AUG) circle each codon

36 of 42

Step 4: Translation-Be a Ribosome

  • Use the reference sheet to translate your mRNA into amino acids
  • Mark the location of the mutation with a *

37 of 42

38 of 42

39 of 42

40 of 42

41 of 42

42 of 42