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Covalent Bonding

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Unit 4 - Chemical Bonding & Reactions

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Lesson 2: Questions

  • How is a _____________________ formed?

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  • How is a _______________________ bond different from a _______________________ bond?

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Vocabulary

Define the following vocabulary terms:

  • Covalent bond
  • Polar-Covalent Bond
  • Nonpolar-Covalent Bond

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Covalent Bonding

________ Bond - the sharing of valence electrons between two non-metal atoms.

Two types of covalent bonds:

  1. ____________________
  2. ____________________

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Nonpolar-Covalent Bond

Polar-Covalent Bond

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Nonpolar Covalent Bonds

__________-Covalent Bond - valence electrons (e-) are shared __________.

  • Typically between two of the _____ non-metal atoms.
      • H2, N2, O2, F2, etc.
        • Example: Hydrogen (H2)

Equally

Share Electrons

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Polar Covalent Bonds

__________-Covalent Bond - valence electrons (e-) are shared __________.

  • One atom has a ____________ on electrons.
  • Creates a slightly __________ end (δ-) & a slightly __________ end (δ+)
  • HF, HCl, CH4, etc.
    • Example: Hydroxide (HO)

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H

H F

δ+

δ-

Unequally

Share Electrons

Fluorine has a stronger attraction for shared electrons