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Angela Chou�2017

Investing & retirement

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Hi. I’m Angela.

  • Product Manager. Passionate about building delightful user experiences. �
  • My PM Journey: From Apple Store Mac Specialist to first early PM at NerdWallet.

You can find me around SF rocking out, dining out, and petting doggos and kittehs.

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Today we are going to talk about...

  • NerdWallet in late 2015
  • How we decided to bet on Investing and retirement
  • Deep dive of the retirement product build

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Vision

A world where everyone makes financial decisions with confidence.

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Mission

Provide clarity for all of life’s financial decisions.

Company north star: Completed decisions

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That’s a whole lot of financial decisions!

Life events

Spending

Money management

Family finances

Work Life

  • Going to college
  • Moving out
  • Getting married
  • Starting a family
  • Starting a business
  • Sending kid to college
  • Retirement
  • Divorce
  • Loss of a loved one
  • Buying a car
  • Buying a Home
  • Remodeling your home
  • Holidays
  • Vacations
  • Banking
  • Borrowing
  • Budgeting
  • Savings
  • Spending
  • Managing debt
  • Kids and Money
  • Retirement planning
  • Identity protection
  • Insurance
  • Investing
  • Estate Planning
  • Taxes
  • Health care
  • First Job
  • Changing Jobs
  • Losing a job
  • Retirement
  • Working in retirement

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We established a framework for assessing which new markets to pursue.

  • Building products to help consumers
    • Value of NerdWallet: Can we guide users towards a decision?
    • Frequency of decision: How often is the decision made and by how many people?�
  • Market and macro forces
    • Addressable market: How big is the TAM? How is it trending?
    • Distribution: What is the share for online channels?
    • Issuers/Providers: Could we partner with issuers and potentially monetize via affiliate marketing?

Based on this assessment, we honed in and prioritized the top markets for us to pursue:�

  • Investing
  • Mortgages
  • Insurances
  • Personal Loans

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Let’s start with Investing!

Objective:

Help users build, grow, and manage their money to achieve their long-term goals.

Strategy:

Win free acquisition channels.�Acquire high intent users at scale first through SEO.

Deliver free, personal, and holistic advice. �Become the trusted advisor and resource to grow your money.

Seamlessly connect consumers with the best financial products.�Connect the right users at the right time.

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The opportunity: Ok Google, what should we build?

  • Used tools such as Google AdWords Keyword Planner, SEMRush, Google Trends to identify the opportunity.

  • Top Investing keywords are related to retirement with “retirement calculator” having the most monthly search volume. �
  • According to Google trends, “retirement calculator” searches peak from January - April. Given that this was Q4 2015, we wanted to leverage the seasonal spike in searches.

The humans are searching for �“retirement calculator”

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  • Tech-savvy professionals who frequently research online to ensure they are making the best financial decisions. �
  • Key motivations: Get the most value out of products and capitalize on great deals. �
  • Attitudes: Wants to understand the “why” behind things�
  • Behaviors: Relies heavily on online research to get informed and supplements knowledge gaps with a few trusted advisors.
    • Prefers self-guided experiences and on-demand services in order to be in control.

Our target consumer: The optimizer

Imagine our user as Dev

from Master of None

Meet the optimizer

A show about a 30-year-old who has trouble making decisions.

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The (retirement savings) struggle is real

  • 71% of Americans aren’t saving enough for retirement!
    • 33% of Americans has no retirement savings
    • 56% are sitting on less than $10k
    • 66% aren’t putting money in their 401(k)�
  • Life expectancies are increasing requiring bigger savings.
    • 25% of 65-year-olds will live past age 90

The consumer problem

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Am I really saving enough for retirement?

The consumer problem

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Let’s help Dev and other optimizers plan for retirement!

  • Goal: Create a clear and actionable entry point into the retirement planning process. �
  • Problems we are solving:
    • Help users assess their financial readiness for retirement.
    • Help users feel empowered to take the next steps.
    • Help consumers start the journey no matter where they are in life.

“We’re putting money away so for now, we think we’re on track for retirement...it’s just so far away.”

Based on NW’s Consumer Insights research

The consumer problem

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We took a hypothesis, build, measure, learn approach #hbml

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Our hypothesis

We believe that consumers need a personalized and automated retirement planning solution.�

We will validate this by building a retirement calculator as a main onramp to the retirement planning product.�

We will know we have succeeded when we have generated enough demand through free acquisition channels.

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Step 1: Build MVP and start ranking.

We got scrappy and based off a competitive analysis, a whiteboard session with design, we timeboxed development to a 2 week sprint and shipped an MVP in Feb 2016 in order to start ranking and build traffic.

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Step 2: Measure: 20x traffic from December to March

We had an existing content piece about retirement and we replaced it with the calculator. We managed to 20x traffic.

We started to rank for “retirement calculator” and began climbing up the ranks in March.

Feb 9 �Launch v.5

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Step 3: Learn: Research before Adventure

Research

Adventure

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Retirement Study

We conducted 8 in-person user interviews to learn more about their attitudes and behaviors toward retirement - how they planned, what types of accounts they had, and how they thought about their savings.

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And we also tested proof of concept with these users

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Goals for new onboarding pattern

  • Situated learning: Learning occurs as a function of an activity. Present knowledge in an authentic context. Educate users along the way. Teach the user through tips and insights relevant to the step in the flow. �
  • Congruence, context and anchoring: Consider the mental model of the user and provide a congruent experience depending on where they came from (search, internal, marketing). Set context and anchor the user so it’s obvious the page matches their intent. �
  • Progressive disclosure: Collect information from the user to build a profile step-by-step. �
  • Make it feel like magic: The user should feel like the matching is happening automagically!

  • Develop onboarding patterns so they are extensible: Easily plug-in-play into any tool or app experience.

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Goals for new onboarding pattern

easy to skip

Signature interaction: Nerdy insights/tips allow for more explanation. Memorable!

*Not final mock - for illustration only

Congruence & context: anchors & orients the user from various traffic sources �(internal, search, marketing)

Flow expectation setting

Progress indicator - shows state and feedback to completion

Shows the promise of the results in exchange for information

  • Optimized for mobile
  • Smart defaults
  • Spinner transition to results - make it feel like magic is happening under the hood.

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Retirement themes

Our conversations unlocked several themes around retirement which we used to inform new ideas for our new retirement calculator and future products.

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Step 4 Build: Design & develop the experience based on user feedback

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How we measured success

Acquisition

  • Monthly unique visitors through free acquisition channels (SEO, Internal, Social, Referral)
  • SERP ranking over time (Rank on page 1)

Engagement

  • Onboarding completion rate
  • Bounce rate

Next action/completed decision

  • CTR to recommendations

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Step 5: Go to market! PR writeups: Lifehacker

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Step 6 Measure: Sparked traffic 6x since launch

April 12�Launch v.1

April 28�Lifehacker

  • Rankings: Jumped 10 spots overnight for “retirement calculator”�
  • Sustained ranking on page 1�
  • Visitors: Up 6x since launch�
  • Engagement: �10% decrease in bounce rate �14% increase time on page: average time on page ~3 min

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Step 7: We validated our hypothesis!

Based on our success criteria, we proved we could acquire users and that there was a need for a full-fledged retirement planning product.

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We should build a retirement planner! So how do we do that?

  • Between our user research and more competitive analysis, we scoped out requirements. �
  • Estimated it would take us nearly a year to build the whole thing so we started looking at alternatives. �
  • There was a retirement planning startup called aboutLife that had a great product, but they couldn’t crack acquisition. �
  • It was more cost-effective for us to acquire aboutLife and get a product out faster. Since we figured out acquisition, it was a perfect match!

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Retirement calculator continues to be a core acquisition product.

Branded keyword search in Google autocomplete!

Hundreds of backlinks from top tier media and blogs.

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And it drives the majority of membership signups into our retirement planning product.

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What did I learn? How has it made me a better PM?

  • Leadership:

How to guide a team that had never built a product from zero to one.

  • Collaboration:

Getting the team to fall in love with the problem and be part of creating solutions.

  • Vision:�How to think big and identify the underlying user needs.

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Questions?

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Appendix

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Let’s start with Investing! �We’ll begin by defining our objective and product strategy.

Investing objective: Help users build, grow, and manage their money to achieve their long-term goals.

Strategy

Tactic

Metrics

Win free acquisition channels.�Acquire high intent users at scale.

Best-in-class educational tools and content. Dominate SEO and grow audience through social, PR, and trusted partnerships.

Acquisition:

Visitors

SERP ranking

Deliver free, personal, and holistic advice. Become the trusted advisor and resource to grow your money.

Holistic view of my money. View and track my entire savings. Provide automated optimal allocation for my personal goals and preferences.

Activation:

# of Members

Retention:

Monthly Active Members (MAMs)

Seamlessly connect consumers with the best financial products.�Connect the right users at the right time.

Financial product marketplaces. Build robust financial product inventory via APIs and direct partnerships that help users decide on the best financial product for them.

Revenue:

Conversion rate (CPA, CPC)

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Whiteboarding/Sketching

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Initial wireframes - Results page

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General flow

Search

Content

NW homepage

Entry points

Onboarding

Results

Content

Other tools

Talk to an advisor

Other products/services

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Onboarding for retirement calculator

Search

Content

NW homepage

Entry points

Answer series of questions

Goal

Walk users through a guided flow that will help educate them and provide a more personalized experience.

  • Create a guided experience to help a user feel more confident about the results (custom to their inputs)
  • Educate the user on inputs and provide insights (Feeling smarter by learning along the way)

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Final onboarding design

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We created a framework for guided decision calculators:

Learn

Help our users learn along the way (onboarding, insights, educational components)

Play

Allow user to easily edit their inputs and see different scenarios relative to their current situation

Act

Provide results/feedback as they answer each question/fill out form

Help a user understand their results and take next steps through custom recommendations

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Home affordability calculator

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Process

Iteration happens throughout

  • What problems are we trying to solve?
  • For whom are we solving these for?
  • What are the business goals?
  • Research our competitors (user testing), market research, talk to users, mapping concepts
  • Brainstorm/Sketching/wireframing
  • User research
  • Lots of iterations
  • Visual design
  • Work with developers to build