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Notes on Gene Regulation! Get ready to take the asap.

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GENE REGULATION�Gene regulation is the processes of controlling when and

where certain genes are expressed, and thus, which proteins

are produced.

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Think/Pair/Share

  • If all the cells in your body contain the same copy of DNA, why do the different types of cells look and function differently?

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Gene Expression

  • Even though every cell in our body contains the full set of DNA, it only uses the parts of the DNA it needs to make the proteins needed for the structure and function of that cell.
  • Analogy: Each cell contains a “library” of information (full DNA), but only uses the “books” in the library it needs (specific genes on the DNA) or a light switch.
  • That is why each cell can function very differently

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Ways genes are regulated.

Prokaryotes:

  1. Operon- Ex. Lac Operon

Eukaryotes:

  1. DNA Packing
  2. Activator Proteins
  3. Alternative Splicing
  4. Homeotic Genes

and more...!

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DNA Packing in Eukaryotic Cells

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RNA Editing

  1. Some sections of the pre-RNA are removed. These are called introns.

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  • Remaining sections, called exons, are spliced together to form mRNA.

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  • mRNA leaves the nucleus through a nuclear pore and goes into the cytoplasm, ready for translation.

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Links

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