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Universidade Federal do Paraná�Setor De Ciências Agrárias�Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias

Presenter: Dr. Mohamed Abdulkadir Shair BVSc, MSc,

Federal University of Paraná, in Brazil

Mobile/WhatsApp: +252685012990/

Email: maxamedqadar23@gmail.com

22 Mar 2022

Affiliation:

Serological evidence of exposure to Brucella spp. in ruminants from Somalia

@SomaliOneHealth

22 - 24 March -2022

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Outline

Introduction

Brucella Species

Problem statements & Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Acknowledgement

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Somalia?

  • Capital city is Mogadishu
  • It contains 18 different regions
  • Somalia has largest coastline in Africa
  • Officially the country consists of Six federal member states.

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Background

  • Population: 16 million people
  • Livestock dependent country
  • Livestock contributes about 40% to GDP and more than 50% of export earnings

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Background

  • The name Somali originally came from the two Somali words of SOO and MAAL which mean, “Go and milk it”.
  • This is an indication of Somalia is a livestock dependent country.

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Background

    • Livestock population:
      • Camel: 8 million (1st in the world)
      • World camel population: 28.8 m
      • Cattle: 5.1 million
      • Sheep and Goats: 31.3 million

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Background

  • Brucellosis
      • Bacteria
      • Brucella spp.
      • Zoonotic disease
      • worldwide occurrence
      • Animals to humans – ingestion of infected dairy products and direct contact with an infected animal

Fracn et al., BMC Public Health, 18(1). 2018

Christopher et. al., J Lab Physicians, 2(2): 55-60. 2010

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Background

  • Brucellosis
      • Serological evidence – SSA
      • Neglected disease in Somalia
      • Few data available for ruminants, the majority dated before the Civil War in the country
      • Prevalence in Somalia
        • 4% in sheep
        • 4.9% in goats
        • 5.5% in cattle

Ghanem et. al., Bull Anim. Health and Prod., 57: 221-232. 2009

Ghanem et. al., Bull Anim. Health and Prod., 57: 233-244. 2009

Mohamud et al., Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences, 4(2). 2020

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Problem statement and purpose

  • Somalia

Limited data are available Brucella spp. in Somali people and their animals

The tradition of unheated milk consumption and handling of aborted materials poses a public health risk for zoonotic diseases.

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Purpose

  • To evaluate the presence of antibodies Brucella spp. in cattle, goats and sheep sera from Afgoye and Jowhar districts of Somalia.

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Methods

  • Study area
      • November 2017 – February 2018,

dry season in Somalia

      • Afgoye & Jowhar – Somalia
  • Blood sampling (n=609)
      • Districts

Afgoye (n=303)

Jowhar (n=306)

      • Species

Cattle (n=201)

Goats (n=203)

Sheep (n=205)

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Methods

  • Detection of anti Brucella spp. antibodies
      • modified Rose Bengal Plate Test (mRBPT)
        • 89.6% sensitivity and 84.5% specificity
      • ID Screen® Brucellosis Serum Indirect Multi-species
        • 96.8% sensitivity and 96.3% specificity

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Methods

  • Statistical Analysis
      • Chi-square test
      • Study variables Brucella spp infections
      • Odds ratio, 95% CI, P-values
      • P < 0.05
      • Epi InfoTM software, version 7.2.3.1

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Results

  • Detection of anti Brucella spp. antibodies
      • 64/609 (10.5%; 95% CI: 8.2–13.2%) ruminants by mRBPT

(4.4% sheep, 7.9% goats and 19.4% cattle)

      • 29/64 (45.3%; 95% CI: 32.8–58.3%) ruminants by iELISA

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Results

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Conclusion

    • Brucellosis
      • 4.4% sheep,
      • 7.9% goats and
      • 19.4% cattle by mRBPT

The present study showed the serological evidence of brucellosis in ruminants from Afgoye and Jowhar districts of Somalia.

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Acknowledgements

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Obrigado!

Mahadsanidiin!

Thanks

Any questions?

Dr. Mohamed Abdulkadir Shair BVSc, MSc,

Federal University of Paraná, in Brazil

Mobile/WhatsApp: +252685012990/

Email: maxamedqadar23@gmail.com

22-24 Mar 2022

One Health for All

@SomaliOneHealth

22 - 24 March -2022