Our Changing

Planet

the

EARTH

The Earth:

A CHANGING PLANET

1. Scientists believe the earth is 4.6 billion years old.

However, the mountains, valleys, hills, rivers, deserts

and forests we see today are much younger than that.

For example, mount Everest is about 60 million years

old and the Amazon rainforest is only 10 million years

old. The youngest sea in the world is the Baltic Sea, at

about 15,000 years old.

​

2. The Earth is always changing because of volcanoes,

earthquakes and, of course, wind and rain. Some of these changes are very slow and others are quick. Water and ice can make very big changes to the planet. For example, glaciers (rivers of ice) can cut through mountains and make lakes and deep valleys. Eighty or more volcanoes are under the oceans and sometimes they become new islands. This is happening in the South Pacific, near Tonga.

3. It`s normal for our planet to change, but at the moment, scientists think it`s changing faster than usual. They don`t understand everything that`s happening, but they know that some deserts (places where it doesn`t rain much) are growing, and many forests are getting smaller. The weather is getting wetter in some places and drier in others, and there are more big storms.

​

4. However, these changes are not bad for everyone. Because the Arctic is getting warmer, some people in Greenland now own businesses and sell vegetables they grow on their land. That wasn`t possible so far north 50 years ago. Farmers in Greenland like the warm weather and hope it will continue.

A

B

c

D

E

F

G

H

I

Exercises 2, 3 p.14 SB

C

D

B

A

• How old is Mount Everest, the Amazon rainforest and the Baltic Sea?
• Why is the Earth changing?
• What changes can water and volcanoes make?
• Why do the inhabitants of Greenland like the weather changes?
• What`s the weather like in Ukraine?
• Is the weather the same every year?

Geographical Features

Exercise 4, p.15 SB

1 Not many plants and animals can live in _____________ because they are very dry. deserts/hills

2 Many _________________ have snow on top of them all year. mountains/valleys

3 We cycled to the _____________for a swim. lake/hill

4 There were so many trees in the _____________ that it was impossible to see the sky. forest/lake

5 There`s a _____________ near my home, and I like going there. river/sea

Exercise 2, p.8 WB

deserts

mountains

lake

forest

river

river

volcano

hills

valley

sea

desert

forest

Exercise 1-2, p.15 SB

(Grammar)

Find these verbs in the article on p.14. What tense are they in?

believe hope know like own think understand

Scientists believe the earth is 4.6 billion years old.

It`s normal for our planet to change, but at the moment, scientists think it`s changing faster than usual.

They don`t understand everything that`s happening, but they know that some deserts are growing….

Farmers in Greenland like the warm weather and hope it will continue.

These verbs are about thinking, feeling and owing things.

We don`t usually use them in the continuous form.

p.149 SB

Verbs we don`t usually use in the continuous

Verbs of thinking: believe, understand, know, think, mean, hope, expect

I think this lake isn`t deep. (NOT I`m thinking…)

BUT When think means ‘consider’, we use the continuous

I`m thinking of climbing Everest in summer.

Verbs of liking and not liking: like, hate, love, prefer, want, need

Jack wants to cross the sea in a boat. (NOT Jack is wanting…)

Verbs of owning: own, have, belong, possess

My dad owns 5 stores at the moment. (NOT My dad is owning…)

Verbs to describe sensations: see, feel, hear, smell (пахнути), taste (смакувати), look (виглядати), sound, be

It smells so nice in the forest. (NOT It is smelling…)

BUT we can use the continuous to say how someone feels or looks now

I`m feeling better today.

Exercise 1-2, p.149 SB

1. Complete the table with the verbs.

believe buy climb feel hate

like make mean need own run

sing understand want work

believe

buy

climb

feel

hate

like

make

mean

need

own

run

sing

understand

want

work

2. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1. I know/`m knowing the names of all the rivers in my country.
2. My brother learns/`s learning about the weather at the moment.
3. You need/`re needing to do your homework before Tuesday.
4. You`re very quiet. What do you think/are you thinking about?
5. My friends don`t play/aren`t playing football today. It`s cold.
6. Can you say that again? We don`t understand/aren`t understanding.
7. Can you hear/Are you hearing that strange noise?

Exercise 3, p.149 SB

3. Write complete sentences.

Use the present simple or the present continuous.

1. I/not understand/this exercise.
2. My friends/think football is boring.
3. What/you/do right now?
4. We/not want to watch this film.
5. That dog/belong to my cousin.
6. Penguins/not feel/the cold weather.
7. I/not like this book very much.

​

I don`t understand this exercise.

My friends think football is boring.

What are you doing right now?

We don`t want to watch this film.

That dog belongs to my cousin.

Penguins don`t feel the cold weather.

I don`t like this book very much.

What did you

find

challenging

today?

What did you

enjoy

learning about

today?

What was

the best

part of

today?

Name

something

you`d like

to learn more

about.

HOMEWORK

revise the vocabulary (p.14 SB); exercise 1-3, p.9 WB