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Accessibility Quick Audits

EasyA11yGuide.com • May 2, 2024

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Quick Audits

  • Purpose of quick audits
  • When to do them
  • Who can do them
  • How to do them
  • Understanding results
  • What to do next

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Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Purpose of Quick Audits

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Instant Automated: Easy, Fast, Cheap

Doesn’t require people with much training.

Good at:

  • Language of page (finds about 92% of errors)
  • Contrast testing (finds about 83% of errors)
  • Bypass blocks (finds about 79% of errors)
  • Detecting if alt text is present
  • Name, role, value (finds about 54% of errors)

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Instant Automated: Low coverage

Drawbacks:

  • Can not test for about 75% of WCAG 2.2 criteria.
  • Can not completely test any criteria.
  • Majority of lawsuits are based on manual user testing.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Comprehensive manual: Slow, Expensive, Good

Requires experienced testers & multiple testers.

Good at:

  • Can test for all of WCAG 2.2 criteria.
  • Can completely test all criteria.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Comprehensive manual: Slow, Expensive, Good

Drawbacks:

  • Can take weeks to produce.
  • Can cost thousands of dollars.
  • Huge number of repeated issues.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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The middle ground: quick audits

Takes a couple of hours.

Requires one trained person.

Keeps costs reasonable.

Identifies pain points for remediation.

Enough to generally scope work.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Quick audits: scoping the work

Where accessibility errors are coming from:

  • Theme
  • Plugins or addons
  • Content

Whether these issues are small fixes or significant changes.

Whether people using assistive technology are blocked from using the site.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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When to do Quick Audits

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Good times for quick audits

When you are taking on a new client with an existing website.

When discussing a redesign.

When talking a client out of “this website they absolute love and want to copy”.

Early in your build to make sure you are on the right track.

If you receive an accessibility inquiry or a demand letter.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Good times for quick audits

When you just discovered your client needs WCAG 2.1 level AA for ADA Title II.

Any time you don’t have an answer for “how good or bad is this site’s accessibility?”

“You may delay, but time will not.” – Benjamin Franklin

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Taking on a new client with an existing website

Great time to talk about legal aspects of websites, show off your knowledge.

  • Accessibility, Security, Privacy, Copyright, etc.

Evaluate how much work will be needed to get this site manageable.

You are not at fault!

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Discussing a redesign

Benchmark the current site accessibility so you have a value for comparison.

Highlight the importance of accessibility and get client sign off.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Talking a client out of “this website they love”

Many times clients arrive with “this site is awesome, I want to copy them”.

They are only looking at “prettiness on desktop”.

Talk about using phones in different locations. Like bright sunlight.

Ease of use.

User expectations.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Early in your build

When you’ve built up just one or two pages.

Make sure your build is on track.

Make sure you are using good practices.

Make sure your builder elements are working as you expect.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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If you receive an accessibility inquiry

Your client is likely to be very willing to address issues.

You need to quickly scope, do a gap assessment and get a budget together.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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State & Local Government: ADA Title II

The law has changed, and state & local government websites now need to comply.

A number of other entities including for profit and non profit organizations will be affected.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Who can do Quick Audits

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You need a certain person or people

Typically done by a single person, but could be done by a couple of people.

  • Good vision (with correction).
  • No color issues, sensory issues, or reading issues.
  • Uses standard input devices (keyboard and trackpad/mouse).
  • Basic screen reader user.
  • Fluent in language of website.
  • Knowledge of proper accessible markup & code inspection.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Good vision

Someone who can’t see the screen can’t tell if anything is missed.

Proper alt text for images.

See keyboard focus.

Check issues with text zoom.

Headings & page title.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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No color issues, sensory issues, or reading issues

Automated color contrast can find about 83% of issues, you need to see well to find the other 17%.

Pages being tested are unknowns, so people with sensory issues could become sick.

Must be able to read transcripts and captions and hear videos.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Uses standard input devices

Need to identify hover states, focus states.

Identify difference between keyboard navigation and mouse navigation.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Basic screen reader user

Many items aren’t identified until a screen reader test is done.

Many people who depend on screen reader users are basic level users.

Almost all lawsuits cite a legally blind person using a screen reader.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Fluent in language of website

Be able to navigate the website.

Proper captions & transcript.

Understand headings.

Run screen reader.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Knowledge of proper accessible markup & code inspection

In addition to identifying that there is an issue, the goal is to also identify the cause of the issue.

Identify the specific issue and what it would need to look like to pass.

Not only reading code, but knowing what code needs to be. Including CSS.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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How to do Quick Audits

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Video instructions

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Tools used

Use 2 or more browsers (optionally some browser extensions).

  • Chrome (most common)
  • Firefox (most grumpy with CSS)
  • Safari (most grumpy with screen readers)

One screen reader (NVDA or VoiceOver).

Code inspection.

Keyboard & mouse or trackpad.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Checklist used

Quick Audit checklist from https://easya11yguide.com/checklist/

Overview of the quick audit checklist: https://easya11yguide.com/quick-audit/

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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E-ZPass New York

ADA Title II will require WCAG 2.1 level AA for state & local government websites & many organizations which are funded by state & local funds.

https://www.ada.gov/notices/2024/03/08/web-rule/

https://www.e-zpassny.com/en/home/index.shtml

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Understanding Results

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What does one page tell us?

Website header.

Website footer.

Stylesheet, overall theme issues.

Content issues.

Website addon issues.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Look at conformance level of issue

You’ll have a conformance level, these are the main levels to look at.

  • Partially Supports
  • Does Not Support

Others levels:

  • Not Tested
  • Supports
  • Not Applicable

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Look for common issue sources

Once a quick audit is done, you’ll have a source attributed to each issue.

  • Theme
  • Content
  • Website addon

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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What to do next

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Based on results decide what to do

Some components may be best to just replace.

Some items may need setting adjustments.

Content training for people doing data entry.

Consult with developer for wider changes.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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What change needs to be made?

Contact form example:

  • May be form itself or may be configuration of form.
  • Change out form & user training.
  • Change form settings & user training.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Get straight to work fixing things

Hundreds to thousands of errors can be fixed site wide from the quick audit.

Once quick audit has no issues, then move into broader scope audits.

Don’t spend time & resources writing up repeated issues.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Multiple pages for Gap Assessment

Quick audit on a sampling of website pages to create a gap assessment.

Get a sample of each page type or template.

Gives broader overview of the whole website.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Remodel vs remediate in place

Page builders which take over vs page builders that work with themes.

Swapping themes is not always a large endeavor.

Updating pages & templates one by one.

Correcting content.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Be noisy - Speak up about accessibility

The squeaky wheel gets the grease.

Tell plugin and theme developers why you aren’t using their products. Tell them why they are losing sales. Most only do work that impacts their wallet.

Slides & links available at easya11yguide.com/learn

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Questions?

Slides & Links: easya11yguide.com/learn