ACTIVE VOICE AND �PASSIVE VOICE
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ACTIVE VOICE�When we give importance to what people or things do, we use active verb forms��In active voice, the subject is the doer of the action��EXAMPLE� Ravi buys a car�In this sentence, Ravi does the action or Ravi performs the action.
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PASSIVE VOICE�When we give importance to what happens to people or things , we often use passive verb forms��In passive voice, the subject receives the action and is not the doer of the action�EXAMPLE� A car is bought by Ravi�In this sentence, A car receives the action or �A car is not the doer of the action.
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SENTENCE PATTERNS�S+V�S+V+O�S+V+C�S+V+A�S+V+IO+DO
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S – SUBJECT�V – VERB�O – OBJECT�C – COMPLEMENT�A – ADJUNCT�DO – DIRECT OBJECT�IO – INDIRECT OBJECT
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SUBJECT�It is the doer of the action or performs the action. The subject can be persons , animals and things and pronouns.��EXAMPLES��I am a teacher.�The lion is so ferocious.�Kani drinks tea.�The building is so beautiful.
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VERB�It refers to the action words. It is also called state of being verbs.��EXAMPLES��She drives a car.�He is a doctor.
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OBJECT�It receives the action from the subject. The object can be persons or things. There are two kinds of objects in English. They are direct object and indirect object.��EXAMPLES��Kannan watches a movie.�The doctor gave me an injection�.
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COMPLEMENT��It completes the meaning of the sentence.��EXAMPLES��Raja is a teacher.�This is a ball.
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ADJUNCT�It answers the question words. �WHEN?��WHERE?��WHY?��HOW?�EXAMPLE : She sings so beautifully.
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DIRECT OBJECT�It answers the question word what?��EXAMPLE��My friend presented me a costly watch on my birthday.
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INDIRECT OBJECT�It answers the question word whom?��EXAMPLE��My friend presented me a costly watch on my birthday
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ACTIVE VOICE PATTERN��SUBJECT+ VERB+OBJECT�EX�SHE WATCHES A MOVIE.�SHE – SUBJECT�WATCHES – VERB�A MOVIE – OBJECT
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PASSIVE VOICE PATTERN�SUBJECT+ AUXILIARY VERB+ V3 (PAST PARTICIPLE) + BY (PREPOSITION) + OBJECT�EX�A MOVIE IS WATCHED BY HER.�A MOVIE – SUBJECT�IS - AUXILIARY VERB�WATCHED – V3 OR PAST PARTICIPLE�BY – PREPOSITION�HER - OBJECT
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VERB LIST
Verb 1 | verb 2 | verb 3 |
Buy | Bought | Bought |
Bring | Brought | Brought |
Teach | Taught | Taught |
Learn | Learnt | Learnt |
Keep | Kept | Kept |
Come | Came | Come |
Draw | Drew | Drawn |
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PRONOUN CHANGE
Active voce | Passive voice |
I | me |
we | us |
you / it | You / it |
he | him |
she | her |
they | them |
Names (Sheela ) | No change (Sheela) |
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TENSE CHANGE
TENSE | ACTIVE VOICE | PASSIVE VOICE |
Simple Present | S+V1/ V1 s +V1es + O | S+ am/is/are+V3+by+O |
Present Continuous | S+ am/is/are + V+ ing+ O | S + am/ is / are / + being + V3 + by +O |
Present Perfect | S + have / has + V3 + O | S+ have/ has + been + V3 + by + O |
Simple Past | S+V2 + O | S+ was / were +V3+by+O |
Past Continuous | S+ was / were + V+ ing+ O | S + was / were + being + V3 + by +O |
Past Perfect | S + had + V3 + O | S+ had + been + V3 + by + O |
Simple Future | S + will / shall + V1 + O | S + will / shall +be +V3+ by+ O |
Future Perfect | S + shall / will + have + V3 + O | S+ shall / will + have+ been + V3 + by + O |
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE��ACTIVE VOICE� S+V1/ V1 S +V1ES + O �EX��SHE STUDIES THE LESSON��PASSIVE VOICE�� S+ AM/IS/ARE+V3+BY+O�EX��THE LESSON IS STUDIED BY HER.
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EXERCISES�I draw a picture.�She sings a song.�They buy the house.�We sell the land.�You give the book.
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PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE��ACTIVE VOICE� S+AM / ARE / IS + V+ING + O �EX�HE IS READING A STORY��PASSIVE VOICE� S+ AM/IS/ARE+ BEING+V3+BY+O�EX�A STORY IS BEING READ BY HIM.
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EXERCISES�I am drawing a picture.�She is singing a song.�They are buying the house.�We are selling the land.�You are giving the book.
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PRESENT PERFECT TENSE��ACTIVE VOICE� S+HAVE / HAS + V3 + O �EX�THEY HAVE SENT A BOOK.��PASSIVE VOICE� S+ HAVE / HAS+ BEEN+V3+BY+O�EX�A BOOK HAS BEEN READ BY THEM.
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�� EXERCISES�I have drawn a picture.�She has sung a song.�They have bought the house.�We have sold the land.�You have given the book.
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SIMPLE PAST TENSE�ACTIVE VOICE� S+V2 + O �EX�MANOJ DREW THE PICTURE�PASSIVE VOICE� S+ WAS/ WERE+V3+BY+O�EX�THE PICTURE WAS DRAWN BY MANOJ.�
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�� EXERCISES�I drew a picture.�She sang a song.�They bought the house.�We sold the land.�You gave the book.
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PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE��ACTIVE VOICE� S+WAS / WERE + V + ING + O �EX��MONISHA WAS SINGING A SONG.��PASSIVE VOICE�� S+ WAS / WERE + BEING+V3+BY+O�EX�A SONG WAS BEING SUNG BY MONISHA.�
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�� EXERCISES�I was drawing a picture.�She was singing a song.�They were buying the house.�We were selling the land.�You were giving the book.
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PAST PERFECT TENSE��ACTIVE VOICE� S+HAD + V3 + O �EX�THEY HAD SENT A BOOK.��PASSIVE VOICE� S+ HAD+ BEEN+V3+BY+O�EX�A BOOK HAD BEEN READ BY THEM.�
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�� EXERCISES�I had drawn a picture.�She had sung a song.�They had bought the house.�We had sold the land.�You had given the book
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�� SIMPLE FUTURE��ACTIVE VOICE� S+SHALL / WILL + V1 + O �EX��SHE WILL GET THE PRIZE��PASSIVE VOICE�� S+ SHALL / WILL + BE+V3+BY+O�EX��THE PRIZE WILL BE GOT BY HER.�
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�� EXERCISES�I shall draw a picture.�She will sing a song.�They will buy the house.�We shall sell the land.�You will give the book.
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FUTURE PERFECT TENSE�ACTIVE VOICE� S+SHALL / WILL + HAVE +V3 + O �EX��SHE WILL HAVE FINISHED THE TASK��PASSIVE VOICE�� S+ SHALL / WILL + HAVE +BEEN+V3+BY+O�EX��THE TASK WILL HAVE BEEN FINISHED BY HER.
�� EXERCISES�I shall have drawn a picture.�She will have sung a song.�They will have bought the house.�We shall have sold the land.�You will have given the book.
�� VOICES IN IMPERATIVES - POSITIVE��ACTIVE VOICE�VERB + OBJECT��OPEN THE WINDOW�PASSIVE VOICE��LET + OBJECT + BE + PAST PARTICIPLE.��LET THE WINDOW BE OPENED ��
�� EXERCISES�Bring the book�Cross the road�Pass the salt�Buy some candies�Reveal the truth
VOICES IN IMPERATIVES - NEGATIVE��ACTIVE VOICE� DO NOT+VERB + OBJECT�� DON’T OPEN THE WINDOW�PASSIVE VOICE��LET + OBJECT + NOT+BE + PAST PARTICIPLE.��LET THE WINDOW NOT BE OPENED �
�� EXERCISES� Don’t bring the book�Don’t cross the road�Don’t pass the salt�Don’t buy some candies�Don’t reveal the truth
�� PASSIVE VOICE- REQUEST��ACTIVE VOICE�PLEASE ASSEMBLE IN THE GROUND�PLEASE DO NOT USE MOBILE PHONES HERE.��PASSIVE VOICE��YOU ARE REQUESTED TO ASSEMBLE IN THE GROUND.�YOU ARE REQUESTED NOT TO USE MOBILE PHONES HERE.
�� EXERCISES�Please help me.�Please do not give me your pen.�Please come early.�Please do not use the lift.�Please have a cup of coffee.
PASSIVE VOICE – ADVICE��ACTIVE VOICE� WORK HARD �� DO NOT EAT JUNK FOOD. ��PASSIVE VOICE�� YOU ARE ADVISED TO WORK HARD.�� YOU ARE ADVISED NOT TO EAT JUNK FOOD.
�� EXERCISES�Wake up early�Be punctual�Clean neatly�Don’t waste food.�Don’t waste water.�
PASSIVE VOICE – OMITTING THE AGENT��ACTIVE VOICE� SOMEBODY HAS TAKEN AWAY MY BOOK.��NO ONE HAS BOUGHT THE TICKETS.�PASSIVE VOICE�� MY BOOK HAS BEEN TAKEN AWAY.��THE TICKETS HAVE NOT BEEN BOUGHT.
�� EXERCISES�Somebody has stolen my purse�No one saw the thief.�Someone call the ambulance�No one makes noise�Somebody help me
PASSIVE VOICE – INTERROGATIVES� YES OR NO TYPE�ACTIVE VOICE�DID HE WRITE A LETTER?��IS HE WATCHING US?��PASSIVE VOICE�WAS A LETTER WRITTEN BY HIM?��ARE WE BEING WATCHED BY HIM?
�� EXERCISES�Did he enjoy the movie?�Have she seen my watch?�Do we eat mango?�Did they finish the work?�Will you buy the car?
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PASSIVE VOICE – INTERROGATIVES� � WH WORD TYPE�ACTIVE VOICE� WHO WILL ACCEPT THIS? �� WHEN WILL YOU FINISH THE BUILDING? �PASSIVE VOICE� BY WHOM WILL THIS BE ACCEPTED?�� WHEN WILL THE BUILDING BE FINISHED BY YOU?
�� EXERCISES�Where did you buy the bag?�Who discovered America?�Why did he break the window?�When did she finish the work?�How did you find the thief?
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�R.PARTHEEBAN�B.T.ASSISTANT�GOVT.HIGHER.SEC.SCHOOL�VEERAPANDI�VILLUPURAM-605758�CELL NO - 9176323680
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