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Johannesburg – Soccer World Cup 2010

Prof SH Connell

AfLS History : 2 decades 🡪 AfLS 🡪 IAC, LoS / MoU, CDR
AfLS Motivations and Science
Formal Roadmap in progress since 2015

Bottom Up: Training, User Base, W/S, Conferences, Networks
Top Down: Governments, AU, National & Pan African VAs, PBs, Stakeholders

Conference
Perspectives
Upcoming

https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0217732318300033

http://lamp.ictp.it/index.php/aphysrev/article/view/1610/586

Useful Websites

AfLS Website http://africanlightsource.org
AfLS3 2021 https://events.saip.org.za/e/AFLS3
AfLS4 2022 https://events.saip.org.za/e/AfLS2022

WG14 – Accelerator Science

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Africa already has experience in International Large-Scale Research Infrastructures

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Africa already has experience in International Large-Scale Research Infrastructures

Research with MeerKAT … kernel of SKA

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Johannesburg – Soccer World Cup 2010

SESAME in the Middle East

Egypt is the first African country to have country-based membership of an international light source. It participates as a member of SESAME along with the Middle East countries of Cyprus, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Pakistan, the Palestine and Turkey

What is a synchrotron

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Sirius in Brazil

90% local manufacture

What is a synchrotron

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Advanced Light Sources

50 World Wide
Remain open during Lockdown
Essential Service - Determine the SARS CoV 2 Structure
Function from form
Determine drug targets 🡪 test medical interventions 🡪 vaccines

African Disease Burden

Already African scientists produce excellence

TB
Malaria
HIV Aids
Ebola
SARS-CoV-2
Many others

https://www.africanlightsource.org �$2B large scale multi-disciplinary research infrastructure

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The alba synchrotron is located in very special surroundings: in the Barcelona synchrotron park. home to not only the synchrotron itself, it is in its own right a science and technology park with 400,000 m² of productive floor space, with 55 plots from 2,100 to 36,000 m². Its mission is to offer innovative companies a unique ecosystem in which to concentrate on both growth and production.

The Light Source

Typically seeding a mega science and innovation park

one of many examples

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Sirius in Brazil

90% local manufacture

What is a synchrotron

Some examples of Science with Synchrotrons

Multidisciplinary

Research
Technology
Industry

* Credit inferred from each slide

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Why the AfLS ?

African Challenges 🡪 Identify Science 🡪 Identify RI 🡪 AfLS

Examples in these slides
Health (African vaccine IP), Big Data Analytics, Others 🡪 All RIs

Insist on evolution towards major African funding
RI for Science Diplomacy 🡪 Developing Pan Africanism

SESAME
CERN

AfLS profile for African Government Science Policy, Regional Science Policy 🡪 Leave no country behind
Governance 🡪 African participation on RI Councils
African User Base development (Training, Youth)

Schools, Workshops,
Medium term visits,
Sandwich programmes

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Socio-economic benefits

Boost African Scientific Research, Research Capacity (Continent, regions, Institutes), Capacity Building - African Science Renaissance
Global Research Community
Tackling Diseases (Malaria, TB, Aids, Ebola ....)
Unique African Research Opportunities attracting international collaboration : Energy opportunities, African Environment, Cradle of Humankind, Cradle of Culture, Mineral beneficiation, Agriculture.
Mobility, Conferences, Schools, International Mentoring partnerships in student training, Regional Centres of Excellence, Local feeder instrumentation
Build Research capacity in Industry, competitive industry
Science for Peace (eg CERN, SESAME)
Return of the African Science Diaspora - new opportunities for young excellent scientists
For African countries to take control of their destinies and become major players in the international community

Technological Advances 🡪 Now at 4^th Gen 🡪 FoM x 10000 🡪 Urgent for Africa to get in the game

What is a synchrotron

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1 measured point 🡪 4D data

(3 space and time) improvements

of 10² - 10⁴

What is a synchrotron – Technological Advances

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Synchrotron X-rays

ESRF Extremely Brilliant Source

The 1^st high-energy 4^th-generation synchrotron light source

Pantaleo Raimondi wins the Gersch Budker IPAC17 Prize

For his invention of the “Hybrid Multi Bend Achromat” (HMBA) lattice, which has become the design basis of most future “fourth generation” synchrotron sources in the world

10²⁴

10²³

10²²

10²¹

10²⁰

10¹⁹

10¹⁸

10¹⁷

10¹⁶

10¹⁵

10¹⁴

10¹³

10¹²

10¹¹

10¹⁰

10⁹

10⁸

10⁷

10⁶

1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020

Brilliance (photons/s/mm²/mrad²/0.1%BW)

X-ray tubes

First generation

Second generation

Synchrotron Radiation

Third

generation

ESRF (2018)

ESRF (1994)

ESRF-EBS (2020)

x10

Emittance before and after EBS

X 100 improvement in beam emittance, x100 improvement in detectors

X 10000 Figure of Merit improvement

What is a synchrotron – Technological Advances

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Sirius in Brazil

90% local manufacture

What is a synchrotron

Berkeley

ALS-II

Argonne

APS UP

Oxford

DLS-II

Paris

SOLEIL-II

Grenoble

ESRF

PSI

SLS-II

Trieste

Elettra-II

Hamburg

Petra-IV

Russia 4^th Gen Synchrotron

Beijing 4^th Gen Synchrotron

Harima

Spring 8 II

Novosibirsk

VEPP V

India

4^th Gen Synchrotron

Sao Paolo

LNLS II

Why are there

currently 14 major upgrades / new builds ?

Graphic adapted from ESRF source

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UN Report “World Population Prospects” (2017)

More than half of global population growth by 2050 will happen in Africa

This means a lot of young people, and points to an urgent need for human capacity building

Africa

What is a synchrotron – Africa needs it yesterday !

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Africa has 1.2 billion people

169 scientists per million people (UNESCO Science Report 2015)

Italy : 2600/million

Germany : 7600/million

Africa needs at least ……

1 000 000 scientists to get 1/6 of <1^st world>

What is a synchrotron – Africa needs it yesterday !

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Who is African ?

Someone born in Africa

African Ancestry

African Diaspora

……. and ……

To be an African,

you do not need to be born in Africa,

….. Africa must be born in you

Arikana Chihombori-Quao

AU representative to USA 2017-2019

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Global and Africa relevant Research and Innovation – by Africans and partners

African Cultural and Paleo Heritage

Developing medical interventions for Africa’s disease burden, Malaria, HIV, TB, Ebola ….

AfLS-CDR Conceptual Design Report

Beneficiating Africa’s mineral wealth: Mining Review Africa

Energy Materials

Innovations

….. and much more

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Thuma mina – Send Me

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4Bwux-btq0

Musician Hugh Masekela

Inspiring Africa and the World

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AfLS2020 �IAC, LoS/MoU�CDR Process

Many AfLS Roadmap related activities

Letter to SA-NRF

SA Synchrotron Initiative

First publications from Egypt then SA

1^st formal Pan-African call. AfLS is in the ALC launch docs

2010

2005

2000

1995

1990

Global conversations about the AfLS

Formation of AfLS Interim Steering Committee

AfLS1 Conference and AfLS SC

AfLS2 Conference

AU: STC-EST, AAS call to support AfLS as a Pan African initiative

AU: Exec Council call to support AfLS as a Pan African initiative

Ghana Govt support

AfLS Foundation Legal Entity

2015

1^st African HE Summit : AfLS in the Declaration

2020

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Visit us at : http://www.africanlightsource.org

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Visit us at : http://www.africanlightsource.org

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Roadmap : AfLS Conference 2015

http://events.saip.org.za/conferenceDisplay.py/getPic?picId=66&confId=61

Bottom Up

Human Capacity: scientists, engineers, technicians
African scientists access existing LSs
African relationships with existing LSs.
Involvement of industry
Community for the African light source Users
Outreach

Top Down

Strategic approach to African Governments and (Pan) African orgs.
Conceptual Design Report (CDR)
Inter-African co-operation on Local / Regional feeder infrastructure
African multinational beamlines at existing LSs
Regional / Pan African membership of existing LSs
Technical Design Report (TDR)

MoU

LoS

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Conferences

2015, 2019, 2020,

2021, 2022

2021

>500 registrations

AfLS1 2015 �https://events.saip.org.za/event/61/
AfLS 2019 �https://events.saip.org.za/event/145/
AfLS 2020 �https://events.saip.org.za/event/211/
AfLS3 2021 �https://events.saip.org.za/e/AFLS3
AfLS4 2022� https://events.saip.org.za/e/AfLS2022

2021

Now 5 African Governments involved

Many co-conveners

Prof bodies

Academies

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Conceptual Design Review

CDR 5 Volumes

Volume I. �Scientific, Socio-Economic, Educational and Political Benefits

Volume II. �Machine Design Concepts

Volume III. �Scientific Capabilities and Beamline Technical Concepts

Volume IV. �Building Design and Infrastructure

Volume V. �Finance, Governance

https://events.saip.org.za/e/events.saip.org.za/e/AfLS-CDR-TownHall

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The AfLS should be seen in the context of

Pan Africanism
Science as a Global Endeavour
Science for Development
Science for Innovation
Innovation for Wealth Generation
Decolonisation of Africa
Massive training
Africa must sustain costs ($1Bn + $2BN over 20 years)
Competitive machine (no pass-offs)

CDR for AfLS

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Johannesburg – Soccer World Cup 2010

https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0217732318300033

http://lamp.ictp.it/index.php/aphysrev/article/view/1610/586

Debating the Societal Impact of Big Science in the 21st Century

To appear soon …..

AfLS Profile – Authoring – Website – Social Media

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Structural information helps to elucidate function, the mechanisms of enzymes 🡪 inspires the design of new drugs.
Africa should lead research of this nature 🡪 cures for diseases of particular relevance to Africa
Synchrotrons are extremely important facilities for the imaging of bio-molecules.
Development of 210 new drugs that depended on protein structural information [Westbrook et al. 2019].
Development of drugs for treating HIV-AIDS, [Wlodawer et al. 1998].
Listing of about drugs, their targets “Practical Fragments” Website [Prac. Frag 2018].
Development of new treatments for tuberculosis [Blundell 2017a ].
Interplay between academia and industry [Blundell 2017b].
See Light Sources for vaccine development for the current Pandemic [AfLS web page]

Example motivation based on Bio Science

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African Light Source Based Science

Science of special interest to Africa - some examples, of many

Materials

Very many examples

See talk of Prof Diale “Energy Materials – nano science” http://events.saip.org.za/conferenceTimeTable.py?confId=211#20201118.detailed

Paleo Science

See talk of Dr Kudakwashe “3D Phase Contrast Tomography– heritage science” http://events.saip.org.za/conferenceTimeTable.py?confId=211#20201118.detailed

Bio Science

See talk of Dr Thandeka Moyo “Structural Biology – health sciences” http://events.saip.org.za/conferenceTimeTable.py?confId=211#20201118.detailed

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The African Light Source

Project

Trevor Sewell – UCT – South Africa

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The African Light Source

Project

Trevor Sewell – UCT – South Africa

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Dr Thandeka Moyo

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Historical documents : Timbuktu

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Paul Tafforeaux

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Medical CT scanner

Paul Tafforeaux

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ESRF ID17 beamline,

Monochromatic beam

Paul Tafforeaux

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The African The African Light Source : SRI 2022

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Paul Tafforeaux

Broomistega : Temnospondyl amphibian, aquatic predator, the best skeleton ever discovered

Thrinaxodon : Mammalian reptile, close to the origin of mammals

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Paul Tafforeaux

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Dental replacement�Abdala et al. 2013� J. Vert. Paleontol.

Cranial ontogeny�Jasinoski et al. 2015

Functional morphology

Iqbal et al. en prep

Vertebral biomechanics

S. Pierce; K. Angielczyk

Paul Tafforeaux

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Berger shows fossils to South African President Jacob Zuma

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ESRF Grenoble France

22 PARTNER COUNTRIES

13 Member states:

France 27.5 %

Germany 24.0 %

Italy 13.2 %

United Kingdom 10.5 %

Russia 6.0 %

Benesync 5.8 %

(Belgium, The Netherlands)

Nordsync 5.0 %

(Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden)

Spain 4.0 %

Switzerland 4.0 %

10 Associate countries:

Austria 1.75 %

Israel 1.75 %

Centralsync 1.05 %

(Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia)

Poland 1.00 %

Portugal 1.00 %

India 0.66 %

South Africa 0.30 %

Staff: ~ 650
Partner countries’ contributions: ~ 85 M€/year
Annual Operation Budget: ~100 M€

Access based on scientific excellence
Travel and local costs refunded to users

Contact SRRIC Chair Tshepo Ntsoane

The Africa Light Source Foundation

Towards a Lightsource for the African Continent

L’ESRF est une organisation intergouvernementale, contrairement aux autres synchrotrons dans le monde qui sont des équipements de recherche nationaux. Fondé en 1988 et inauguré en 1994, il est un modèle de coopération scientiﬁque européenne et internationale, avec 21 pays partenaires, dont 13 États membres et 8 pays associés.

Depuis le 17 décembre 2014, la Russie a rejoint les États membres de l'ESRF. Cette adhésion conclut un processus de coopération initiée il y a plus de deux décennies, principalement dans le domaine de l'optique en rayons X, de la cristallographie aux rayons X et cristallographie des macromolécules, de la spectroscopie des rayons X et de la diffusion des ondes appliquées a la science de la matière condensée, science des hautes pressions et diffraction des rayons X par résonance magnétique nucléaire et structurée par un accord d'association en 2011.

Les pays partenaires de l'ESRF sont guidés par la même quête d'excellence et l'ambition que les résultats des recherches répondent aux grands enjeux de société.

Preuve de son rayonnement, l'ESRF accueille environ 6 500 scientiﬁques du monde entier chaque année, qui bénéﬁcient de 43 lignes de lumière et d'équipements de pointe, pour mener les expériences les plus variées aux frontières de la science et de la technologie.

Grand équipement de recherche international, l'ESRF développe des collaborations avec les autres synchrotrons, de nombreux organismes de recherche et universités dans le monde entier. Au niveau européen, notamment comme membre de l'ElROforum (présidé actuellement par Francesco Sette, DG de l'ESRF), l'ESRF joue un rôle crucial dans le développement de l'Europe de la recherche et d'une industrie européenne plus compétitive. Enﬁn, de par leur proximité géographique au sein de l'EPN Campus a Grenoble, l'ESRF, l'EMBL (Laboratoire européen de biologie moléculaire) et l'lLL (Institut Laue-Langevin) ont développé des projets de collaborations scientiﬁques d'excellence.

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Article 5.3.2 p 22 : Recommends establishing a Synchrotron as a centralized African scientific facility.

Co written by

Dr Nkem Khumbah,

STEM-Africa Initiative

Declaration and Action Plan

1^st African Higher Education Summit on Revitalizing Higher Education for Africa’s Future,

10-12 March 2015, Dakar, Senegal.

Top Down

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Specialized Technical Committee on Education, Science and Technology

Africa Union : STC-EST

20 October 2017 Egypt

H.E. Prof. Sarah Anyang Agbor

AU Commissioner for Human Resources, Science and Technology.

African Academy of Science

President Prof. Felix Dapare Dakora

Presentation on African Light Source

Top Down

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AfLS at the AU : Jan 2018

DECISION ON THE REPORTS OF THE

SPECIALISED TECHNICAL COMMITTEES (STCs)

The Executive Council,

C. STC ON EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

CALLS UPON Member States to support the Pan-African Synchrotron Initiative;

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Countries Expressing Commitment

Ghana

2019, the President Akufo-Addo of Ghana

pledged to champion the project in the African Union.

2020, the science minister, Dr. Kwabena Frimpong-Boateng,

reaffirmed Ghana’s support for the African light source

Benin

2019, X-TechLab, as a government priority project,

expresses itself as part of the Roadmap to the AfLS.

2021, SA Dept Science and Innovation and the NRF invite�a proposal towards the AfLS as a “Flagship Project”

2021, Nigeria

Office of the Science Ministry

2021, Cote d’Ivoire

Office of the Science Ministry

2021, AUC-HRST

Developing Process and Actions

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Some Government, Pan African organization and AU level events

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Pan African scholarly associations, supporting the AfLS co-convening / co-organizer AfLs Conferences,

Also …. Support from AAU and ARUA, and other members of NASAC

Art, Cultural Heritage, and Forensics	LNLS, Center for Scientific Studies in the Arts
Biochemistry	Federation of African Societies of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (FASBMB)
Bioimaging	African Bioimaging Consortium (ABIC)
Chemistry	Federation of African Societies of Chemistry (FASC)
Crystallography	African Crystallographic Association (AfCA)
Earth Sciences	African Institute for Planetary and Space Sciences (AIPSS)
Geophysics	African Geophysical Society (AGS)
Electrical Engineering	IEEE-Africa, IEEE Region 8
Engineering	Federation of African Engineering Organizations (FAEO)
Food Science	South African Association for Food Science and Technology (SAAFoST)
Immunology	Federation of African Immunological Societies (FAIS)
Materials Science	African Materials Research Society (AMRS)
Medical Physics	Federation of African Medical Physics Organizations (FAMPO)
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology	African Society for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (AfNN)
Optics/Photonics	African Optics and Photonics Society (AfOPS)
Paleontology	Eastern African Association for Palaeoanthropology and Palaeontology (EAAPP)
Physics	African Physical Society
Structural Biology	Biostruct Africa
Water Science	African Water Association

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AfLS 2020�Participation by community, PBs, VAs, AdLS

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Some Existing Regional Facilities

X-TechLab - Benin

Materials analysis, spectroscopy for many disciplines.

Energy, health, environment, agriculture, materials

Sir Aaron Klug Centre - SA

Structural biology resource widely used in SADEC region

African Laser Centre

Pan-African NEPAD flagship initiative

ICTP-EAIFR - Rwanda

Condensed matter, Geology, Particle Physics, �Cosmology, Astroparticle physics

Others ….

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AfLS : Plenary Session at COREVIP 2019

The AfLS was endorsed in a Conference Resolution

Proceeding to develop MoU for Formal Collaboration

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PhD / Paper / Programme

28/52 > 50%

Bottom Up

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Example of African Industry :

SASOL investment in R&D and HC

SASOL capacity, achievements in catalysis studies – local and at light sources

from Dr E du Plessis at AfLS2015

Bottom Up

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Ghana

University of Ghana

Zambia

The University of Zambia

Algeria

Ecole Nationale Polytechnique de Constantine

Nigeria

Federal University of Technology, Akure

University Ile-Ife

Burkina Faso

Institute of Research in Health Sciences, Burkina Faso

Morocco

University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah

Ivory Coast

Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny

Egypt

Helwan University, Ain Shams University

Lesotho

National University of Lesotho

Ethiopia

Addis Ababa University

Bio-Science Capacity in Africa

Bottom Up

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South Africa

Aaron Klug Centre, UCT, link, �U Witwatersrand, U Free State, �U Stellenbosch, iThemba

Benin, X-TechLab, Benin, link
Ghana, U Ghana, link
Côte d'Ivoire, LaCPM, Universite Felix �Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, link
Senegal, Ziguinchor, link
Cameroon, Dschang, link
Kenya, Kenyatta University, link
Tunisia

Monastir, link, Nabuel, Tunisia, link

Algeria, Constantine 1, link
Morocco

U Rabat,, link, El Jadida, Morocco, link , �Agidir, Morocco, link

Significant facilities

IUCr OpenLab venues with facilities

Feeder Facilities

Bottom Up

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Example of a local facility growing into a regional facility

Bottom Up

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Several significant training interventions

Bottom Up

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The African Light Source : ACP

2022/03/11

Bottom Up

Training
Mobility
Networking
Local Facilities
Conferences

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2023 FAST Team call (deadline 30 Sept 2022)

https://events.saip.org.za/e/LAAAMP2023

https://laaamp.iucr.org/

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START is a collaborative project that seeks �to foster the development of Synchrotron �Techniques for African Research and �Technology.

Two lines of scientific investigation:

New energy materials (eg solar cells, novel catalysts)
Structural biology studying diseases and develop �drug targets.

Jump-start Africa’s entry into synchrotron based bioscience.

SA, Lesotho, Ethiopia participation so far ……

Capacity in Africa

Bottom Up

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The African Light Source : EU - AU

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Capacity in Africa

Bottom Up

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63^rd IAEA General Conference

AfLS, Thais, SESAME and Elettra, African govt reps.

September 16-21 2019

90-min slot dedicated to synchrotron applications, showing usefulness to both developed and developing countries, “side event”, of Sep 17.

Recent AfLS Events

Bottom Up

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The African Light Source : ACP

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https://events.saip.org.za/e/AFLS3

>500 registrations

Now 5 African Governments involved

Many co-conveners

Prof bodies

Academies

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International Advisory Committee

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The African Light Source : BioPhysics in Africa

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AfLS and Biophysics

African health is a special case for Structural Biology on the continent and the AfLS

Training Programmes, building the User Base

START – continuation, SA-ESRF continuation
Others

Local and regional equipment infrastructure
African Governments positions creating African excellence in Bio Sciences

Build activities at University Departments
AKC as a regional Centre, support as a CoE
BioStruct Africa
Other National, Regional and African initiatives

Regional African Partnerships

African Beamline at a International facility
Multi-state membership of an international facility

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2022 and 2021 events

Hands- on training in Structural Biology, a tool for sustainable development in Africa Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC) in Bamako, Mali 25-28 April 2022
SESAME-Africa online workshop 6 July 2022
UNGA Science Summit Events 18-27 September 2022
Africa-US Symposium on Synchrotron Science 12-14 October 2022
International Conference on Research Infrastructures (ICRI) 17-18 October 2022
Training Workshop on Synchrotron Technologies and Techniques and their Applications 25-29 July 2022
AfLS4-2022 Virtual Conference from 14-18 November 2022 hosted virtually by BIUST, Botswana.

ICTP School on Synchrotron Light Sources and their Applications 6-17 Dec 2021
AfLS 3 Virtual Conference hosted by X-TechLab, Semi City, Benin 15-20 November 2021
AfLS CDR Town Hall – Reviewing the CDR Process 11 Oct 2021
Biophysics in Africa – 22 -26 March 2021

AfLS engaging from grassroots science and scientists level, up to the policy/politician level

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The African Light Source : DOE

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Pan African Virtual University in Light Source Based Science

Pan African University PAU

Hosted within existing Universities

PAU Statutes, Governance Structure, Council and Senate
Each Institute has other institutions operating under it.

Proposal

Desktop study of Statutes, see how the PAVULBS can be set up within PAU structures
Integrate into existing Institute or set up a new one
How the institutes are funded, and evaluation of proposals compatible with the funding.
Make list of clear options

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The African Light Source : DOE

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AfLS4 2022 https://events.saip.org.za/e/AfLS2022

The Africa Light Source Foundation

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The African Light Source : EU - AU

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African Scientists and International Light Sources

African scientists / projects at Light Sources

See large footprint slide 14 (50%)
African Science Diaspora

Africa long since over-threshold (>300 Users) for own LS
International light sources involved in training

ESRF, SOLEIL, DIAMOND, Elettra, DESY, Bessy, Alba APS, LNLS, Spring8, ALS, CLS, DELTA, MAC IV, Phton Factory, Pohang AL, SESAME, Siam PS, SLAC, Taiwan PS, others
Now via LAAAMP. https://laaamp.iucr.org

African Regional Membership of EU Light Source

Expand SA – ESRF Scientific Associateship ?

African (Regional) Beamline

(MX, Paleo Tomography, materials …)

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The African Light Source : EU - AU

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Towards and African Membership of a International AdLS

Academic Output
Capacity Building, Deep training
User base, Community building, Interdisciplinarity

Example: towards African Vaccine development capacity
Coherence in Local Community

Win-win : AdLS access to SA premier research projects and colleagues
Policy maker involvement
International networks
Technology transfer

Techniques, sample prep, instrumentation, big data ….

African (beyond SA) participation
AfLS Project

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Young scientists ….. Can you see yourself here….

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Backup

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Registered as a Trust

With a Constitution

Bank Account established

Receiving funds

Appointed Auditor

Access to staff

Registration as a Public Benefit Organization (PBO)

AfLS

Legal Entity

Supported by SAIP Council and assisted by SAIP Exec Office

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AfLS meeting : 2016 Conference - Concrete outcomes.

Grenoble Resolutions.

See http://events.saip.org.za/conferenceDisplay.py/getPic?picId=70&confId=61

Terms of Reference.

See http://events.saip.org.za/conferenceDisplay.py/getPic?picId=67&confId=61

Roadmap summary.

See http://events.saip.org.za/conferenceDisplay.py/getPic?picId=66&confId=61

Steering Committee to drive this roadmap forward.

fully mandated
globally elected
See https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1NlULgrE7Bu9t2aeiKIYd3zgFALoLbksfEFTqNC8p0q0/edit#gid=0

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Long history of association of many synchrotrons with AfLS

ESRF, SESAME, Elettra, Alba, SOLEIL, Diamond, Sirius and UVX, DESY, LNLS, CHESS, SLAC, SPRING8, Taiwan, ALS, CANDLE, APS, …. (others too, and no particular order)

AfLS encourages connections that enhance its vision to all.

Driven by :

Bottom up (scientists, collaborations, training, history ….)

Top Down (strategy and policy

AfLS and LS world wide

The Africa Light Source Foundation

Towards a Lightsource for the African Continent