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Exploring Properties and Designing 3-D Shapes

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Two-dimensional Shapes (2D

  • These shapes are flat and can only be drawn on paper.
  • They have two dimensions – length and width.
  • They are sometimes called plane shapes.

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Three-dimensional Shapes (3D

  • These shapes are solid or hollow.
  • They have three dimensions – length, width and height.

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Face

  • Part of a shape that is flat.(Or curved)
  • E.g. A cube has 6

of these.

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Edge

  • The line where two faces meet.
  • E.g. A cube has 12 of these.

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Vertex or Vertices

  • The place where three or more edges meet.
  • This pyramid has 4 of these.

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Parallel

  • These type of lines stay the same distance apart for their whole length. They do not need to be straight or the same length.

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Perpendicular

  • A line that is drawn in a right angle to another line .
  • In solid shapes edges could be at a right angle to one another.
  • Faces could also be at right angles to one another.

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Cube

  • A three-dimensional shape which has 6 square faces all the same size.

Some faces parallel

Some edges parallel

Some faces perpendicular

Some edges perpendicular

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Cuboid

  • A three-dimensional shape which has 6 rectangular faces.

Some faces parallel

Some edges parallel

Some faces perpendicular

Some edges perpendicular

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Sphere

  • A perfectly round three-dimensional shape, like a ball. It has only one curved face.

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No perpendicular faces or edges

No parallel faces or edges

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Hemisphere

  • A three-dimensional shape that is half a sphere.

No parallel faces or edges

No perpendicular faces or edges

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Cone

  • A three dimensional shape with a circle at its base and a pointed vertex.

No perpendicular faces or edges

No parallel faces or edges

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Cylinder

  • A three-dimensional shape with circular ends of equal size.

Some faces parallel

Some edges parallel

Some faces perpendicular

No edges perpendicular

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Pyramid

  • A three-dimensional shape which has a polygon for its base and triangular faces which meet at one vertex.
  • E.g. Triangular pyramid
  • Square pyramid
  • Hexagonal pyramid
  • Pentagonal pyramid

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Square base pyramid

No faces perpendicular

Some edges perpendicular

No faces parallel

Some edges parallel

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Polygons

Two-dimensional shapes that have sides made from straight lines.

  • E.g. triangles

squares

hexagons

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Quadrilaterals

  • Any two-dimensional shapes with four straight sides.
  • E.g. square

rhombus

rectangle

trapezium

kite

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Trapezium

  • A two-dimensional shape with four sides.One pair of sides is parallel with one side longer than the other.

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Pentagon

  • A two-dimensional shape with five straight sides and five angles.

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Hexagon

  • A two-dimensional shape with 6 straight sides and 6 angles.

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Octagon

  • A two-dimensional shape with 8 straight sides and 8 angles.

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����3D GRAPHS

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Presented by:

Muhammad Talha

Ahmed Subhani

Sayed Fateh Ali

VIII Yellow