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The Simple Past

And every single detail about it…

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The Simple Past

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What did you do on your last vacation? In your mind, describe the activities you did and other details!

Basic Rules for the Simple Past of Regular Verbs

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Irregular Verbs

Complete Irregular Verb List HERE!

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Common Irregular Verbs

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1. For two-syllable verbs that end in -y, change y for i and add -ed.

Example: study - studied, but play - played. Exception: cry - cried (one-syllable verb that follows the two-syllable verb rule)

2. For one-syllable verbs that end in a consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) combination, double the final consonant and then add -ed. Examples: stop, hop, strut become stopped, hopped, strutted

3. For two-syllable verbs that end in a CVC combination and have the stress on the last syllable, double the last consonant before adding -ed. Examples: prefer - preferred, regret - regretted

4. For the pronunciation of the simple past, the most important rule to remember is this one:

Only the simple past form of verbs that end in a /d/ or /t/ sound in their base form are pronounced with /id/. Examples: attend - attended, protect - protected

5. IRREGULAR VERBS do not follow any specific rules. Examples: fly - flew,

sing - sang, kneel - knelt

*Go HERE for another list

of irregular verbs and other past

tense related topics

*EXPANSION: More Rules for the Simple Past

“Verb + -ed and that’s it, right?” “Not really…”

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Think about one or two things you didn’t do

on your last vacation.

The Negative Form of the Simple Past

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Let’s ask yes/no questions using simple past!

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Let’s ask Wh- questions using simple past!

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Summary of the Simple Past

Verbs in General

She moved to San José.

She didn’t move to San José.

She did not move to San José.

Subj + did not / didn’t + base form of verb + …

She moved to San José.

Did she move to San José? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.

Where did she move? She moved to San José.

(Wh- word) + Did + Subj + base form of verb + (…)?

* Formulas of negatives and questions for

verbs in general

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The Simple Past of the Verb “To Be”

“You were with family.”

“I was born in San José.”

“She was in Cartago.”

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Let’s ask yes/no questions with “to be”!

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Summary of the Simple Past

Special Verb “To Be”

She was a nurse in Alajuela.

She wasn’t a nurse in Alajuela.

Subj. + wasn’t / weren’t + (...)

She was a nurse in Alajuela.

Was she a nurse in Alajuela? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t.

Where was she a nurse? She was a nurse in Alajuela.

(Wh- word) + Was / were + Subj. + (...)

* Formulas of negatives and questions for the special verb “To Be”

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Questions in the Simple Past

Verb “To Be” and other verbs

When were you born?

Where were you born?

Who were your grandparents?

What was the name of your first friend?

When did you start school?

What school did you go to?

What subjects did you study?

What subject did you like best?

Did you study a lot?

* Examples of questions with the verb “To Be” and

other verbs

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Pronunciation Skill

*This is for the regular past simple of verbs (those with -ed ending)

Go HERE to watch a video on how to pronounce the -ed ending!

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Go HERE to do an exercise!

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List of common verbs with each final -ed sound

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Let’s practice!

Put the verbs into the correct form (simple past)

  1. Last year, I (spend) _________ my vacation in Ireland.
  2. I (make) _______ a reservation in a nice hotel in Dublin.
  3. I (arrive) _______ in Ireland at night.
  4. I (travel) ________ around by car with two friends, and we (visit) _______ lots of interesting places.
  5. In the evenings, we (go) _______ to a pub.
  6. I (eat) _____ a lot of smoked salmon and (drink) ______ a lot of Irish beer.
  7. One night, we even (learn) _______ some Irish dances.
  8. We (be) ________ very lucky with the weather.
  9. It (not / rain) ________ too much.
  10. But we (see) ________ some beautiful rainbows.
  11. It (be) _________ great.
  12. Where (spend / you) __________ your last vacation?

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Answer Key

Put the verbs into the correct form (simple past)

  1. Last year, I (spend) spent my vacation in Ireland.
  2. I (make) made a reservation in a nice hotel in Dublin.
  3. I (arrive) arrived in Ireland at night.
  4. I (travel) traveled around by car with two friends, and we (visit) visited lots of interesting places.
  5. In the evenings, we (go) went to a pub.
  6. I (eat) ate a lot of smoked salmon and (drink) drank a lot of Irish beer.
  7. One night, we even (learn) learned some Irish dances.
  8. We (be) were very lucky with the weather.
  9. It (not / rain) didn’t rain too much.
  10. But we (see) saw some beautiful rainbows.
  11. It (be) was great.
  12. Where (spend / you) did you spend your last vacation?

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Take only memories, leave

only footprints!

Wherever you go on vacation…