Prior Knowledge Questions
There are ten markers in a full set, but Mrs. King and Mr. Lowe each only have nine markers. Mrs. King is missing the red marker, and Mr. Lowe is missing the blue marker.
Prior Knowledge Questions
Mrs. Edwards and Mrs. Ambriz each have eight markers. Mrs. Edwards is missing the blue and green markers, and Mrs. Ambriz is missing the black and brown markers.
Gizmo Warm-up
Just like the teachers described on the previous slide, nonmetal atoms can share electrons. As you will see in the Covalent Bonds Gizmo, atoms form bonds in this way.
Gizmo Warm-up
The outermost electrons in each atom are called valence electrons.
Click Pause. Drag a valence electron from the left atom to the right atom. Click Play.
Click Pause, drag a valence electron from the right atom to the left, and then click Play.
Activity A: Sharing electrons Question: What happens when atoms share electrons? | Get the Gizmo ready: · Click Reset. · Select Hydrogen. |
Introduction
The electrons that orbit the nucleus of an atom are arranged into shells of different energy levels.
Most elements are unreactive, or stable, when they have eight valence electrons—a rule of thumb known as the octet rule.
Form a Bond
Draw a Diagram
Covalent bonds are shown in Cross-and-Dot Diagrams and in Lewis Structure Diagrams.
Turn on Show Lewis diagram. What is the Lewis diagram for hydrogen, H2? Draw it on the whiteboard.
Form a Bond
Complete the Covalent Bonds Gizmo on your own.
Only use the “Show Lewis Diagram” to check the work you did on your own. Honor code.
You may use the Ball and Stick Model Kits as you work.
Carbon |
Nitrogen |
Hydrogen or Sodium |
Oxygen |
Chlorine |
Bromine |
Iodine |
Color | Quantity |
Black | 10 |
Blue | 2 |
Yellow | 28 |
Red | 6 |
Green | 4 |
Orange | 2 |
Purple | 2 |
When you are finished, please arrange your kit like the image below: