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Name the painter

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Artemisia Gentileschi (Gentle-eski)

one of the few female painters of the time and any time up to that point in history (though by no means the only one).

By 18, after only 3 years of training, she was one of the best painters in Europe.

Artemisia was trained by her father, Orazio.

Very much followed Caravaggio’s style (he and her father was friends)

Notice the Baroque features:

- Action of the scene

What do you think just happened and what is Judith doing?

- Powerful and emotional scene

- Both left arms are foreshortened

- The strong chiaroscuro

- The realism (less idealized than Michelangelo’s bodies). Symbolism is integrated into the picture and fits naturally

The “crescent moon” on Judith’s face from shielding the light of the candle symbolizes the Church and BVM, which receives its light from Christ. Judith has long been seen as embodying Israel and thus also the Church Militant.

Judith is also the female David. The gauntlet was thrown down and the challenge answered successfully by the grace of God, hence Holofernes’s gauntlet on the table.

However, it’s fair to say that the gauntlet is included more prop-like than seamlessly integrated.

Notice the amazing detail and skill, such as the delicate, light fabric over Judith’s right shoulder and the blood dripping from the sword.

Finally, notice how the painting is aligned with a series of curves that creates a diagonal, both of which are common in Baroque painting, as opposed to Renaissance (and as opposed to later neo-classical).

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Poussin (1594-1665)

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Which is Baroque, Renaissance, Gothic?

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Baroque Architecture

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Interiors

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Trompe l’oeil

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Just for fun

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Blending of sculpture, paint, light

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Baroque Extravagance:�Rococo

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Rococo

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Francois Boucher

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Neo-classical

Emphasis on austere linear design
Harmony, simplicity, proportion
Classical themes
Fueled by new interest in antiquity
Very serious, somber mood
Art begins consciously to serve politics (rather than God/Beauty)

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Jean-Antoine Houdon

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Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825)

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Oath of the Horatii (1784)

1784 – about 11’ x 14’

a scene from a Roman legend about a dispute between two warring cities; Rome and Alba Longa, when three brothers from a Roman family, the Horatii, agree to end the war by fighting three brothers from a family of Alba Longa, the Curiatii. The three brothers, all of whom appear willing to sacrifice their lives for the good of Rome, are shown saluting their father who holds their swords out for them. This episode is created by David, not in the sources.

considered a paradigm of neoclassical art

Lines, triangles, few curves (except the women and arches)

Austere, clear, but dull colors – emphasizes the importance of the moral rather than the art

Ranks of people, common in Roman painting (3 bros)

Frozen moment, rather than bustling activity

Men are stoic – duty, and especially duty to the state (Rome/France) – moral to the story