Dan Shields

Support Eng. @ Parity.io

Steward @ Cryptorado.org

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@nukemandan // dan.shields@parity.io

​

Presentation Adapted from Joshy Orndorff (github.com/joshorndorff).

Extensible, Modular, Frameworks in Rust: Substrate's Approach for Blockchains

A quick review of blockchains

Blockchain nodes need:

• Database
• P2P Network
• Block Authoring
• Fork Choice Rule
• Transaction Handling
• State Transition Function (Runtime)

BODY

Block 42

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BODY

Block 43

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BODY

Block 41

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Block 41

Parity has a lot of blockchain building experience...

From Polkadot, came Substrate.

What is Substrate?

Substrate is an open source, modular, and extensible framework for building blockchains.

( )

What is Substrate?

Substrate provides all the core components of a Blockchain:

• Database Layer
• Networking Layer
• Transaction Queue
• Consensus Engine
• Library of Runtime Modules

Each of which can be customized and extended.

Substrate is built using Rust and Wasm.

+

Architecture of a Substrate Node

libp2p

Written in Rust

Built into Wasm�(& native)

Written in Rust

Built into native

5

Application logic that makes this chain special

Runtime

Tx Pool

jsonRPC

Consensus

Block Storage

The Substrate Runtime

The runtime is the block execution logic of the blockchain, a.k.a. the State Transition Function.

5

sudo

grandpa

indices

system

babe

balances

It is composed of Pallets.

RUNTIME

timestamp

Official FRAME Pallets

Nick’s Pallet Tutorial

Example Node Template

UI to Interact (apps)

(this branch w/ nick’s added)

Substrate Hands-on!

Tutorials and More

Join Substrate’s

Matrix Channel

Substrate.dev

• substrate.dev/tutorials
• Basics
• substrate.dev/recipes
• Forkable Examples
• substrate.dev/seminar
• Tuesday Live Event

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https://sub0.parity.io/

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Recap most recent dev conference ^^

Keynote is great overview: https://www.crowdcast.io/e/axvfinsv/2

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https://hack.encode.club/

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Earn while you learn!

Cash prizes!

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Dan Shields

Support Eng. @ Parity.io

Steward @ Cryptorado.org

​

@nukemandan // dan.shields@parity.io

The Local Blockchain Community:

Cryptorado.org

• Bi-weekly meetups
• Discord chat
• Ongoing projects

​

​

Additional Slides

Analogy: Blockchains as Computers

Think of a blockchain network as a single computer with many simultaneous users

...a mainframe

Use Substrate to design optimized computers

…with easy networking between computers

Substrate enables creation of

a network of Blockchains.

​

Each optimized for a specific purpose

Custom built, optimized, computers

Communicate via a relay

Single machine, with

only EVM smart contracts

Write Parachains with Substrate

Cumulus turns your runtime into a Polkadot Parachain:

• Outsource (some of) your security
• Cumulus Collator as runtime nodes
• Polkadot Validation/Msgs

In progress...

Parachain

Parachain

Architecture of Polkadot

Relay Chain

Architecture of a Substrate Node

libp2p

Written in Rust

Built into Wasm�(& native)

Written in Rust

Built into native

5

Application logic that makes this chain special

Runtime

Tx Pool

jsonRPC

Consensus

Block Storage

Substrate Consensus

Who may author new blocks and when?

When are blocks considered final?

Consensus

Aura

Grandpa

Hard Fork Upgrades

Some nodes upgrade their software

Forkless Upgrades

Upgrade is processed� On Chain

Governing Runtime Upgrades

• Runtime code is accessible through on-chain governance
• Sudo Pallet
• Democracy Pallet
• Your own pallet and logic
• Runtime Upgrades are Optional