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Receipt of this presentation constitutes an agreement to keep the contents strictly confidential. This document may only be shared with legal counsel and financial advisors.

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It’s 2019 and 1 out of 7 People Still don’t have Electricity.

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Imagine the following:

It is 6 a.m. and you wake up just as the first rays of sunshine stream in. You light your kerosene lamp and a pungent smell starts to spread. Yesterday, you managed to charge your cellphone with the barber’s car battery. It took you 50 minutes by foot and ten cents, even though you only had a dollar to spend for the day. If that old cell phone still has charge remaining, you may use it to tune in to the radio. There is no refrigerator, TV, computer or electric cooker you may avail to start your day. Indeed, you will most likely not use any electronic appliance today, either at home or at work. This is the daily routine for 1.1 billion people in developing countries who lack of access to modern electricity.

Luciane Lenz and Jörg Peters, RWI – Leibniz-Institute for Economic Research

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Imagine Life Without Reliable Access to Electricity...

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Our Vision

We’re Liquidstar and we’re using portable batteries to make electricity available to all.

It’s nearly 2020 - ‘THE FUTURE’ - and over 1.1 billion people still do not have access to electricity. This is not a necessary vision of ‘the future’.

We passionately believe that abundant access to affordable and clean energy is not only fundamental to the progression of humanity, but is entirely possible. It is a baseline support mechanism for the UN Global Goals, ranging from education to gender equality to climate action. More so, efficient storage and distribution of electricity is elemental to the next generation of industry and civilization. We are leveraging the intersection of multiple new technologies to leapfrog both design and business model limitations of the past - the ones that currently prevent entrenched incumbents from entering markets they cannot profit from.�

Liquidstar is not just about sustainability, it’s about advancement.

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The Problem: 1.1 Billion People Without Electricity

Electricity still can’t reach 1 out of every 7 people on our planet.

UN Sustainable Development Goal #7 (SDG7) – Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
The number of individuals without access to energy has only reduced from 1.7 billion in 2000 to 1.1 billion in 2018
2.6 billion people face continued difficulties due to unreliable or intermittent energy access
600 million people still use kerosene for basic lighting needs
Traditional off-grid electricity solutions (typically generators powered by petroleum or diesel) are expensive and create both air and noise pollution

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Source: World Bank

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Unsolved Challenges to Current Solutions

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Current on-grid and off-grid electricity providers are doing great things, but important limitations remain:

High up-front and maintenance costs
High levels of grid theft
Higher costs per kWh than grid/mini-grid
High administrative costs
Difficult to scale
Low levels of interoperability
Off-grid durability problems

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Section I: The Product and Technology

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The Liquidstar Solution: Mobile Virtual Grids of the Future

Where the Grid Ends, Liquidstar Begins.

Replacing expensive traditional grids and liquid fuel with Mobile Virtual Grids is the future for the 1.1 billion people across the world who have no electricity and the many more who lack reliable energy.

Liquidstar is developing a Decentralized Autonomous Utility that augments existing generation and grid infrastructure with portable, rentable smart batteries called “Sun Buckets.”

By using people (“Power Rangers”) to deliver electricity, Liquidstar eliminates almost all of the distribution-related capital expenditures ordinarily required for traditional electrification projects.

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Click to play video

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Liquidstar Sun Buckets: Easy & Effective Electron Transportation

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Design & Business Models for the Future

How will the world of energy look in 2030?

Incumbents are often weighed down by legacy baggage in both their design and business models, making it difficult for them to quickly adapt. Gradual evolution or outright stagnation are often the results. Only a comprehensive, ground-up reinvention of both business and design thinking can address this.

Design Model
Business Model

In the case of Liquidstar, the legacy energy industry has reached the design and business model limits of physical grid based delivery of power. This prevents them from being able to profitably distribute electricity to 1.1 billion people who are, in result, left to sort out their own solutions. This is exactly why a future thinking approach is needed to reinvent and effectively bridge this industrial gap.

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From Charge to Charge: The Liquidstar Energy Cycle

Liquidstar is developing a dynamic and portable battery-charging ecosystem in which location, ownership, identity and usage data are managed and billed to consumers using an SMS and blockchain-enabled cloud platform. A simple & elegant DAU.

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1. Blockpass.org is a Chain of Things (a founding shareholder in Liquidstar) joint venture project focused on HUMAN+COMPANY+DEVICE identity for DAUs. Blockpass has been featured on Forbes.com and TechCrunch, and is available for download on the Apple App Store and Google Play.

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The Portable End of the Industrial Battery Spectrum

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Liquidstar’s Sun Buckets are similar to Tesla’s Powerwalls and Powerpacks, but Sun Buckets fall on the more portable end of the battery-based, off-grid energy storage spectrum.

Liquidstar employs a new standardized modular battery system to enable scalability across applications and easy repairs or recycling.

Both Liquidstar and Tesla use the highest-quality 18650 lithium ion batteries for maximum scaling of voltage to meet a variety of high and low-power use cases.

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The Modular Future of Electron-Based Economies

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A Proprietary Combination of Hardware, Software & Services

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Liquidstar Will Significantly Disrupt the Traditional Grid Model

Liquidstar is fundamentally changing one of the main electricity cost drivers: distribution.

Power Rangers are a much cheaper electricity distribution method than the traditional grid.

With improved usage data over time, we are able to pinpoint the best places to augment traditional grid infrastructure where it is currently not economically feasible.

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A Simplified Business Model

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Elegant Blockchain-Based Infrastructure for Identity & Payments

Why use Blockchain?

These transactions involve many individual players, and
These players have low levels of familiarity with one another.

Liquidstar uses Blockpass, a blockchain-based, zero-knowledge proof identity protocol for regulated industries and the IoE/Internet of Everything. The Blockpass app launched in June 2018 on the Apple App Store and Google Play and was co-developed by Chain of Things, a founding shareholder in Liquidstar. Blockpass is a secure, interoperable conduit that connects the human, company and device identities as they interact across the battery sharing ecosystem:

The Human (energy consumers, Power Rangers, etc.)
The Company (energy producers, service stations, etc.)
The Device (Sun Buckets)

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Prototype Development Progress 1.1

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Prototype Development Progress 1.2

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Prototype Development Progress 1.3

Demonstrational prototype LS.S_V.2.a

~40,000 mAh
6 UM18650 units
Lockable exterior
Global GSM connectivity
GPS usage tracking
USSD customer onboarding portal

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Waypoints: More Than Just a Charging Station

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Our App Delivers Easy Management of Electron Assets

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Section II: Key Markets and Initial Entry Strategy

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Potential Market Impact

Provide affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) to the 1.1 billion still without power.
To ensure the attainment of SDG 7 in Africa alone by 2030, investments of approximately US$ 34.2 billion per year are needed (US$ 32.5 billion per year for electricity access and US$ 1.7 billion a year for clean cooking) - UN.
2030 target of providing electricity for 250 million people in Africa who are currently using fuel based lighting - IFC & World Bank’s ‘Lighting Africa’ Program.

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Potential Market Opportunity

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Immense potential for off-grid energy exists (World Bank 2018)

Potential global market of 434 million households
73 million potential household upgraders
45 million replacement-ready household users
317 million new household purchasers
Growth rate of over 20% for the next 5 years is expected
Over 40 countries have at least 1 million off-grid households
Annual revenues will grow to $8 billion by 2022

The off-grid solar industry has achieved and maintained strong growth (World Bank 2018)

Investments in off-grid solar solutions have doubled annually since 2012
130,000,000 devices sold
$3.9 billion in total sales value
$500 million raised since 2016
30 million tons of CO₂ savings
$5.2 billion in economic savings
45% improved health reported by off grid solar users (post kerosene)
Over $5 billion in investment will be needed over the next 5 years for off-grid solar to meet its potential
Off grid solar is expected to double improved energy access to 740 million people by 2022

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Strategic Pursuit of the SDGs Must Begin Immediately

We have 11 years to achieve 17 goals, unlock $12 trillion of economic value and create a better world.

Liquidstar will focus a unique combination of technologies toward the most fundamental SDG - Access to Clean and Affordable Energy. Realizing these SDGs is not only essential to the future geopolitical and economic stability of the planet, but it also represents a massive potential market and the future design of various industrial verticals.

Achieving the SDGs could open up an estimated $12 trillion in economic opportunities
This represent around 60 percent of the real economy and are critical to achieving the SDGs by 2030

Source: Business & Sustainable Development Commission

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Liquidstar’s Potential SDG Impact is Far-Reaching

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Liquidstar Addresses a Number of SDGs Directly

SDG1 – End poverty in all its forms everywhere – Liquidstar is designed to facilitate the creation of job opportunities for entrepreneurs at the “Bottom of the Pyramid.” Our Power Rangers will take drive economic growth for themselves and their families. Our Solar Credit System will help bring the unbanked into the formal economy.

SDG 4 – Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all – Liquidstar’s products will power modern educational devices and bring more people into the information age and the knowledge economy. Electricity should not be a barrier to learning.

SDG 7 – Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all – expanding access to cheap, eco-friendly electricity through locally-operated battery networks is Liquidstar’s most immediate initiative.

SDG 9 – Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation – Liquidstar addresses the friction in the traditional utility value chain by delivering a Decentralized Autonomous Utility based on the Blockchain, increasing transparency while reducing cost. Liquidstar’s Sun Buckets also have broader potential uses, such as delivering emergency energy to natural disaster regions (example: Hurricane Maria’s 2017 destruction of Puerto Rico)

SDG 10 – Reduce inequality within and among countries – Liquidstar will empower those at the Bottom of the Pyramid, helping them drive up their local socioeconomic ladders. In addition, it will directly create new economic and technological interactions between humans and devices, moving developing countries toward greater integration with the global technology ecosystem.

SDG 13 – Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts – Liquidstar will replace the use of petroleum, diesel and kerosene with clean energy.

SDG 16 – Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels – there are broader potential uses for Liquidstar’s product ecosystem. For example, in the future, Multipass could be used as legal identification, for birth registration, etc.

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Liquidstar Addresses a Number of SDGs Indirectly

SDG 3 – Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages – eliminating the air and noise pollution caused by generators and fossil fuel energy sources will improve people’s health.

SDG 8 – Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all – Liquidstar will provide Power Rangers with gainful employment. The reliable clean energy Liquidstar will provide will facilitate the entry of more people into the modern, technology-based knowledge economy.

SDG 11 – Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable – Liquidstar can work with sustainable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro and geothermal.

SDG 12 – Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns – Liquidstar directly reduces the fossil fuel material footprint of developing regions.

SDG 15 – Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss – access to clean affordable energy through Liquidstar will lead to improved living conditions, a prerequisite to tackling unsustainable agriculture, deforestation, poaching, etc.

SDG 17 – Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development – because our project represents the combination of software, hardware and services, Liquidstar will work with a variety of partners from both developed and developing countries to drive our platform forward.

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A Variety of Ultra Interesting Market Applications

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Disruptive Potential Across Developing World Energy Pricing Models

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The Nigerian Market is a Beachhead for Future Expansion

Although the global penetration of solutions like off-grid solar rose from 1 million households in 2010 to 73 million households in 2017, an untouched potential customer base of over 430 million households (more than 2 billion people) still remains.

A complex set of infrastructural, economic and political dynamics ensures that the market will remain strong for the foreseeable future.

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Source: World Bank 2017.

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Significant Savings & Strong Profit Potential

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1. Financial details for a new battery paid off in a single year (highest cost option) using estimated yearly consumption of an off or unreliable grid Nigerian household.

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If Liquidstar can undercut traditional off-grid energy solutions like fossil fuel-powered generators, the current off-grid household spend for lighting and for small device charging (mobile phones, etc.) represents a significant market opportunity.

The household expenditures outlined in the graph to the right actually undercount the market because they exclude off-grid energy expenditures made by unreliable-grid households (there are many such households). Few estimates of these expenditures exist.

It is well-known that unreliable-grid households often continue to purchase diesel, petroleum and other fuels; however, there are few existing estimates around the degree of prevalence globally, as well as the level of expenditure.

Households and businesses in developing countries typically opt for diesel or petroleum generators. In Nigeria, an estimated 80% of consumers with electricity connections nevertheless have access to an alternative source of electricity. This costs households and businesses almost $22 billion in fuel costs each year.

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A Sizable Global Market Already Exists

Source: World Bank

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Support of Sophisticated & Experienced Partners on the Ground

Liquidstar is working with Vista Advisory Partners and Viathan Engineering Ltd. Vista and Viathan have executed numerous off-grid power projects, with additional projects planned for the next decade.

Viathan has a combined capacity of 60 MW, powers 100 km of Lagos State’s street lights and is responsible for 8 out of every 10 cups of water produced in Lagos State. One of our project partners from Vista is a non-executive board member of one of the largest microgrid companies in Nigeria.

We have signed an exclusive agreement with Vista to deploy the Liquidstar solution at two important open-air commercial markets in Nigeria, with the feasibility of two additional commercial markets currently under assessment.

Pain points at these markets include:

High energy costs
Noise pollution from generators
Air pollution from CO₂ and other fossil fuel emissions
Health and safety concerns from ad-hoc connections and installations

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Source: Viathan Engineering Ltd., Vista Advisory Partners, Liquidstar.

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Pilots Will Cover Two of Nigeria’s Most Important Geopolitical Zones

Market Location X Overview - North West Geopolitical Zone

13,000+ shops, 11,000 of which currently being powered using self-generating diesel/petrol generators
Market collectively spending up to ₦5.3 million per day (approx. $15,000) on electricity
Connected to the national grid, but still heavily underserved
Qualifies for the Nigerian Government’s Energizing Economies Initiative (EEI) because of its its strong export potential and high commercial activity levels

Market Location Y Overview - South East Geopolitical Zone

37,000+ shops, 16,000 of which currently being powered using self-generating diesel/petrol generators
Market collectively spending ₦7.4 million per day on alternative generation (approx. $21,000)
Currently underserved and not connected to the national grid
Qualifies for the EEI because of its large population density and high commercial activity levels

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Location Y Can Deliver $8.60 Million in Annual Revenue to Liquidstar

Liquidstar could reduce fixed costs for the Market Location Y pilot by approximately $1.01 million ($325K connection cost + $750K grid extension cost + unknown reduced estimated peak load demand due to theft reduction).

Market Location Y contains 16,000 off-grid energy users who collectively spend $21,000 per day generating their own energy. If Liquidstar is able to capture the commercial market and 10% of the remaining underserved population who live around (and make use of) the commercial market, this would generate an additional $2,756 per day and bring Liquidstar an estimated yearly revenue of $8.60 million per year.

Key Assumptions

Market Location Y is 5 kilometers from energy generation point
Total energy demand is 65.64 MWh per day

(5.47 MWh per hour for 12 hours)

Total required energy generation of 78.76 MWh

Excess generation to account for assumed 20% theft

18,500 households (50% local uptake) at $25 connection cost per household

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Section III: Investment Opportunity

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Money & Milestones - How We Get There

$1.5m Note/SAFE
20% Discount
$8m Cap

Phase 1: $1.5 million to develop and execute the “Primary” pilot(s) in Nigeria and to explore market potential in different geographical regions globally as well as auxiliary application use cases.

Phase 2: Subsequent funding will be raised following the completion of the pilots. It is intended that the pilots will generate the positive results, robust data, and mature hardware and software platform necessary for the next round to be raised at a higher valuation.

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Funding Required for Initial Pilot & Auxiliary Market Development

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Liquidstar Has an Achievable Near-Term Path to Profitability

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Pricing based on a new battery paid off in a single year (highest cost option) using estimated yearly consumption of an off or unreliable grid Nigerian household.

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Operational Risks & Related Mitigating Factors

Geopolitical Risk

Socio-economic headwinds, unpredictable regulatory regimes and other developing country idiosyncrasies can have an impact on operations.
It is unclear how the upcoming national (February 16) and state (March 2) elections in Nigeria will impact operations on the ground.

Mitigating Factors

Diversification. We plan to expand across a variety of markets, each with political, regulatory and economic drivers that do not necessarily correlate with one another. By thoughtfully spreading our energy (pun intended) across a select basket of diverse regions, we can drive growth without relying on any specific country.
Positive geopolitical trajectories. The 2015 Nigerian elections saw the country's first successful transfer of presidential power from an incumbent to an opposition challenger. This precedent will be difficult to reverse. Moreover, the two frontrunners in the next election are from the same region and religion, so it is unlikely that the results will be viewed through a sectarian lens.
Partnerships are key. Liquidstar has entered into a formal partnership with Vista Advisory Partners, a leading pan-West African financial firm with a specific focus on early stage ventures. Vista is one of the largest microgrid companies in Nigeria. Currently operating 50 MW worth of power plants across Nigeria, Vista is uniquely positioned to execute the project alongside Liquidstar.

Members of Liquidstar’s team of operators and advisors have the extensive Nigerian professional and business networks required to drive the project forward.

Entrenched Incumbents Risk

The energy industry is full of entrenched incumbents who are naturally unwilling to cede ground to disruptive new entrants.

These incumbents range from traditional grid players to suppliers of off-grid solutions such as generators. They also include parties that provide inputs like diesel and petroleum.

Mitigating Factors

Partnerships are key, again. In addition to working with a traditional grid player (Vista), we are pursuing relationships and investment from local and global energy industry incumbents. Our technology represents the future, and we believe savvy investors and operators will view collaboration as a long-term de-risking exercise.
Use case creativity. Liquidstar is working on additional applications for the hardware and software involved in our product.

Disaster and emergency relief. In 2017, Hurricane Maria completely destroyed Puerto Rico's electric grid. Tesla made a generous donation of its Powerpacks to serve as backup batteries on the island, but due to their immobile nature they are too centralized to truly replace the grid (unlike Liquidstar's Sun Buckets). Many of the storm's fatalities came from a shortage of refrigeration for essentials like insulin and antibiotics. Liquidstar's portable energy solution could change this.

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Extended Application Potential

Liquidstar can help enable a number of different applications. These potential alternative use cases will be explored in addition to the primary pilot. The development budget of the pilot includes NREs that can enable much cheaper development of subsequent rollouts for different markets.

Options range from self-sovereign Human Identity with interoperable payment platform between different e-currencies to universal modular 18650 battery standard for multiple mobility and off grid applications to distributed energy for natural disasters and emergencies (phone charging, lighting, medical supply refrigeration) and a variety more.

Any of these auxiliary verticals could easily become the primary focus.

Auxiliary Regions
SDG Support
Disaster Relief
Mobility
Waypoints
Payments & Identity

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Team: Business & Software

Scott Salandy-Defour

Scott is a former management consultant with 8 years of experience. Scott has conducted emerging technology consulting services for a variety of US utilities, helping them analyze and assess pilots that leverage the latest cutting-edge technologies. Scott currently operates his own AI and IoT startup, and also works at a Blockchain venture capital firm.

Conor Colwell

Conor initially worked in film, shooting the first High Definition feature documentary in an active war zone, and developing commercial projects for the likes of Coca-Cola and BMW Designworks. He also watched a startup grow to 40 people to 0 people. Next he moved to Hong Kong to work for one of the world's leading independent macro investment research firms, focusing on long term implications of automation and alternative energy. Conor has since published over 30 papers and presented at conferences around the world. Co-founding Chain of Things in 2016, as one of the first companies focused on blockchain & IoT, he is now focused on leveraging distributed technologies for positive environmental, humanitarian, and industrial applications. Most recently, Conor worked on Blockpass, a Chain of Things JV, focused on self-sovereign ZKP identity for regulated industries and the Internet of Things.

Luke Johnson

Luke, a Chain of Things founder, is a solar engineer with over 18 years of experience. Luke holds a Masters of Philosophy in Engineering, Solar Cell Research, from the Australian National University and a Bachelor of Engineering in Photovoltaics & Solar Energy (Hons.) from the University of New South Wales. Luke is the founder and CEO of Sunpulse K.K. and SolcryptoJV in Tokyo, and has completed well over 4,500 MWp of design and technical due diligence on 850+ solar photovoltaic plants in Japan. Luke originally developed and demonstrated the Liquidstar basis concept.

Ajibola

Ajibola is a blockchain developer and technology business solutions consultant with over 10 years of enterprise software development experience. He has significant experience as both a Project Manager and a User Experience Tester. Ajibola has deployed his considerable technology skills in situations ranging from emergency response and disaster relief efforts to urban planning and climate change causes.

Fifehan Osikanlu

Fifehan is an Investment Director at Vista Advisory Partners, where she focuses on deal origination and gender lens investing. She drove the organisational strategy and project finance for Viathan Engineering Group, a Vista portfolio company. Viathan is a power and natural gas company that serves both Lagos State (Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi) and Ogun State (Abeokuta) in Nigeria.

Tasuku Nakamura

Taz is a Full Stack | React | Smart Contract Consensys certified blockchain developer. Focused on building decentralized applications using React, Node.js and Solidity. He has worked with Luke for a considerable time on blockchain based solar data loggers and is currently developing the Liquidstar stack and structure.

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Team: Hardware

Prince

Prince is the founder 18650 Renewables, a company focused on renewable energy and battery recycling. He has completed a variety of web-based, solar engineering and battery projects. He is currently an electrical engineering student at Rivers State University.

Doug Irwin

Doug is a Chain of Things co-founder and CTP Founder. He has extensive full-stack experience in design, manufacturing, R&D, and distribution across a broad range of products. Having spent over a decade working with connected devices, Doug has launched products ranging from youth electronics to regulatory environmental sensors for resource conservation.

Danny Wong

Danny is an electrical engineer with 30+ years of experience. He has worked on a variety of projects ranging from designing semiconductors and bluetooth consumer devices to tools for silicon-based genotyping. Formerly at Panasonic, he currently develops a variety of connected devices at Cross the Pacific.

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Key Partners & Advisors 1.1

Ademola Adewale-Sadik

Finance, Strategy & Country Expertise

Ademola is a business strategist with an MBA from Harvard and a JD from Yale. His expertise sits at the intersection of investing, economic development and geopolitics. Formerly a strategy consultant at the Boston Consulting Group and an M&A lawyer at Wachtell Lipton, he has worked on infrastructure, real estate and agribusiness deals across both developed (North America and Europe) and developing (West Africa and Latin America) markets.

Habeeb Alebiosu

Energy & Country Expertise

Habeeb is a partner at Vista Advisory Partners, a boutique financial advisory firm focused on managing start-ups and medium-scale enterprises across West Africa. He is also the co-founder and non-executive director of Viathan Engineering Limited, a Vista portfolio company. Viathan has acquired and invested in several power plants with an existing combined capacity of 60MW and with plans to grow to 200 MW by 2025.

Maxine Ryan

Global Payments

Maxine Ryan is the COO/Co-founder of Bitspark and a Forbes 30 Under 30 Honoree. Founded in 2014, Bitspark is a global bankless money transfer ecosystem based out of Hong Kong where customers can cash in and cash out cryptocurrencies in their national currencies. With over half a million locations across Asia and Africa, Bitspark strives to become an alternative, end to end, digital asset payment layer for the unbanked. Maxine will be advising Liquidstar on payment mechanics for emerging and frontier markets.

Tasha Jamaluddin

Geopolitics & Engineering

Over her career, Tasha has worked on many domestic and international lighting infrastructure projects and currently serves as managing Director for Epcon, producing air pollution control systems for various industrial applications. A recent alumni of Harvard Business School for her Executive Education, Tasha also holds a BFA from The School of the Art Institute, as well as an Interdisciplinary Master’s Degree from New York University’s Draper Program for Humanities in Social Thought, where she focused on the social-economic and environmental impact of electricity and lighting. Tasha also serves on the Environmental Technologies Trade Advisory Committee (ETTAC) advisory committee for the US Department of Commerce, and previously the Institute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC).

Mohamed Mohamed

Mobility & Engineering

Mo is serial entrepreneur and is currently CEO of electric mobility company, Linka. Linka builds connected bike locks for some of the largest mobility companies in the world. Prior to this Mo worked at a company that was sold to Solar City (now Tesla) and focused on developing solar panels and battery management systems. This makes Mo uniquely suited to understand our solution as locking mechanisms for the batteries will be critical to reducing theft and understand charging cycles will be critical for maximizing deployment efficiency.

Tony Lai

Global Legal & Regulatory

Tony Lai is an Entrepreneurial Fellow at the Stanford Center for Legal Informatics (CodeX) and a co-founder of Legal.io. With a Bachelors and Masters degrees in Modern History from Oxford University, Tony completed law school in England, then gained 10,000 hours experience at an international law firm advising on commercial, corporate and regulatory matters for the technology, communications and media industries in Europe, Asia and Africa. At Stanford, Tony gained his Master of Laws as part of the Law Science and Technology Program. Since graduating, Tony has been on the teaching team for the joint Harvard/Stanford class, Ideas for a Better Internet and helped research & design the first Legal Technology and Informatics course to be taught at Stanford Law School. Tony was also on the founding team of StartX, where he continues to advise on legal and social innovation support. Companies (ICAC).

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Key Partners & Advisors 1.2

Helen Bui

Energy Enabled SDGs

Helen Bui has dedicated her career to ventures that bring equality to disadvantaged and underserved communities around the world, focusing on gender equality, education, financial inclusion, technology inclusion and economic empowerment. Helen has worked with The UN, Plan International, The Grameen Foundation as well as local NGO’s, non-profits, and government organizations on the ground in Africa, India, Southeast Asia and the US. Helen is currently the Founder of Go-Getter, a think tank focused on the Future of Work for Women in developing countries, and is on the Board of Directors of Techtogether, a non-profit organization focused on getting women involved in technology across college campuses in the US. Previously Helen was the Founder & CEO of Skylet, a start-up focused on financial education for young women in college, and has held multiple leadership positions at News Corp and The Wall Street Journal. With over 15 years building and scaling technology products and business worldwide, she is dedicated to enabling others to their fullest potential through advisory, education, mentorship, and sponsorship. She is also a guest lecturer at NYU Stern Business School.

Ian Colwell

Data Analytics & Market Behavior

Ian Colwell, a data scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), has focused experience in applying machine learning to a variety of real-world applications ranging from anomaly detection in spacecraft telemetry to risk assessment of unstructured quality assurance data. Furthermore, his contributions have been key in the development of metrics and novel visualization strategies that enable various groups to better monitor actions and understand the related process responses. While his current focus has been developing data driven solutions within the context of aerospace, his interests broadly lie in supporting humanity to develop as one while dismantling irrelevant power structures. He will be assisting Liquidstar in the analysis of connected battery usage data for deployment optimization into new markets.

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Partners & Service Providers 1.1

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Key Partners:

Chain of Things (Hong Kong - LS Equity Stakeholder) - Founded in early 2016, Chain of Things (CoT) is a research lab and venture studio dedicated to leveraging the nexus between blockchain and IoT to solve fundamental problems in the connected devices space and to develop highly efficient futuristic applications.
CTP - Logistics & Assembly: CTP provides high-quality, reliable services in three specific areas: product invention, design and development; manufacturing agency; and manufacturing consultancy.
Vista Advisory Partners & Viathan (Nigeria)- Vista Advisory Partners (VAP) is a boutique financial advisory firm with a focus on managing start-ups and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria and the rest of West Africa. Considered one of Nigeria’s leading microgrid and energy experts, VAP’s wealth of experience afford stellar services and solutions within reach going beyond simple number churning.
18650 Renewables (Nigeria)- Battery recycling startup based in Nigeria focused on repurposing and repackaging used 18650 batteries.
Blockpass - Blockpass (a Chain of Things Joint Venture project) is a blockchain based self-sovereign identity protocol for the connected world - the Internet of Everything. The goal of Blockpass is global realization of identity for the Internet of Everything.
Bistspark (Hong Kong & Nigeria) - Payments & Billing: Bitspark, a Hong Kong based fintech company provides Spark, a secure web and mobile platform for money transfer operators to send and receive payments quicker and cheaper utilising blockchain technology in addition to a suite of compliance and analytics tools tailored for the MTO industry.
Magnet (USA & Hong Kong - LS Equity Stakeholder) - Magnet is an patent pending emerging technology integration platform focused on using frontier technology to push the boundaries (and value) of human machine interactions.
SDG Futures - SDG Futures was founded by the Future of Humanity foundation, and entails a prime time television show for the SDGs, going live in 2019, as well as an SDG Futures Impact Fund that supports the most promising emerging technology providers with liquidity and enables scaling for the SDGs. SDGfutures.ixo is the digital portal for SDG Futures, a decentralized and distributed communities and technology stack for the United Nations SDGs.
Bodytrace - Connectivity: Bodytrace is a scalable global M2M wireless solution that enables connectivity around the world. With Bodytrace there is no need to manage contracts with multiple wireless carriers, worry about devices crossing borders or spotty coverage.

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Partners & Service Providers 1.2

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Supporting Partners & Service Providers:

Innogy - Funding & Strategic Partnership: With a number of solutions and pilot projects, innogy is making an active contribution towards modern methods of energy supply.
Enuma - Blockchain Engineering: Enuma Technologies is a leading software engineering firm with expertise covering the full blockchain spectrum.
Decentral Solutions - Blockchain DAO: Decentral Solutions offers security services to companies using blockchain technologies. We help teams launch and manage ICOs, deploy secure dApps, and integrate private networks into business practices.
Linka - Battery Locking Mechanism: LINKA’s mission is to make products that enhance the convenience and safety of urban mobility.
Isolate - Blockchain/Multipass: Development on open platform for physical identity wallet.

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Appendix

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Why is Liquidstar the Best Company to Execute This Idea? 1.1

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This is the project we have been planning for.

Significant investment over the last 3 years has been building towards Liquidstar. Chain of Things - 3.5 years of work, Solar Data logger $70 thousand dollars of up-front Cash, Maru - $65 thousand of Labor and Cash, Chain of Things - $200 thousand of investment BTC (over 1.5M of Spending over 2 years), Chain of Things operational cash investment by founders is over $250 thousand at this point, Blockpass (core Human+Company+Device identity mechanism) over $10 million raised and over 2 years of development. We are well-positioned to execute for a number of reasons:

Experience

Founded in early 2016, Chain of Things was one of the very first groups working on IoT X blockchain. Core competences range from sensors, end-to-end manufacturing, communications protocols and data analytics to blockchain, open protocol hack-a-thons, blockchain law, global macroeconomics and design.

Climate and SDG-focused from the start

Chain of Things was originally formed around a blockchain-based pollution sensor project focused on SDG-related COP21 emissions verification and accountability in late 2015.

IoT for SDGs experience

Chain of Things co-founder Doug Irwin:

Directed the development and manufacturing of GSM-connected solar fishing sustainability boat trackers for Pelagic Data Corp.
Directed the development and manufacturing of GSM-connected charity accountability water flow meters for Charity: Water and for Google.org.

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Why is Liquidstar the Best Company to Execute This Idea? 1.2

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Chain of Solar Case Study + Hackathon

In 2016, the first Chain of Things case study launch and hackathon took place in London, specifically focused on the potential of blockchain-based solar IoT solutions. Chain of Things partnered with IOTA, Bitseed, RWE, ElectriCChain, Solcrypto JV, Solarcoin, and Intel Code for Good on this event.

Joint venture partnership with Solcrypto JV

A joint venture between Chain of Things and Solcrypto JV was formed to assist in the end-to-end commercialization of connected data logger devices, along with networking and business development support related to the growth of the SolarCoin ecosystem. Solcrypto JV is one of two global organizations recognized by the SolarCoin Foundation as official representatives of the technology.

MARU Prototype

The MARU prototype was developed to explore early solutions for an IoT device reporting to a blockchain. The initial devices reported basic sensor information, with a more recent device also reporting emissions-related particulate levels. Maru is the basis for exploration into device identity and DAUs.

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Why is Liquidstar the Best Company to Execute This Idea? 1.3

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GSMA Mobile for Development, Dar es Salaam

First to publicly present blockchain for distributed IoT-based energy utilities to a pre-conference working group at the annual GSMA Mobile for Development conference.

Solar & Batteries

Following the initial hackathon in 2016, Chain of Things brought Luke Johnson on board as a partner. Luke holds over 18 years of experience in the solar and utility industries, helped to write the Solar coin white paper, and is the founder of Solcrypto JV.

TEPCO Consulting

Chain of Things consulted with TEPCO following the case study release on ideal potential of grid based blockchain solutions. This and other experiences helped us better understand how blockchain helps existing grids, as well as fully-decentralized energy storage solutions (e.g.; Liquidstar).

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Why is Liquidstar the Best Company to Execute This Idea? 1.4

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Solar Bank

Chain of Things partnered with Infinity Blockchain Labs (IBL) in early 2017 to consolidate its previous solar+blockchain+IoT experience and develop the first project focused on the solar blockchain ICO/STO world. This project was paused indefinitely because critical protocol-level “identity” components were still missing from the blockchain ecosystem.

Blockpass

The partnership with IBL pivoted to develop Blockpass, a blockchain-based self-sovereign identity protocol for the connected world: the required approach to connect human to company to device (to object) identities. Initially focused on KYC/AML/PEP for regulated industries, Blockpass has grown over the last two years. The company has raised millions of dollars, currently employs over 30 people, has presented at conferences around the world, and is funding five PhD students in the first zero-knowledge proof identity lab. Blockpass has also been featured in INC, Forbes, Entrepreneur, The Times, TechCrunch and Business Insider. Blockpass was initially created to help enable full spectrum identity DAUs, and will be a natural protocol-level component in Liquidstar.

Sunburning

Sunburning is a way to burn how much charge a battery has received, then transport and share this data with others by using an immutable blockchain. The blockchain acts as the truthstream river, and the portable battery itself is the transport settlement layer of the electrons - the basic structure for Liquidstar.
We have also built other functional blockchain data loggers in other projects.

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How did we get to Liquidstar?

Chain of Things

Advancing Industry for Good with Blockchain & IoT.

Founded in early 2016, Chain of Things (CoT) is a research lab and venture studio dedicated to leveraging the nexus between blockchain and IoT to solve fundamental problems in the connected devices space and to develop highly efficient futuristic applications.

CoT has focused the point of device identity from birth to solve for systemic issues of security and interoperability. With this it will develop and deploy industrial, environmental, and humanitarian projects through corporate partnerships, joint ventures, and internal projects.

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Liquidstar | © Liquidstar 2018 | www.liquidstar.io | Please do not distribute

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Who we are | A group of technologists at the nexus of IoT and alternative blockchain applications.

Conor Colwell, Co-founder - In the past 15 years Conor has shot feature documentaries in war zones, produced commercial and UX projects for the likes of Coca-Cola and BMW Designworks, and helped a startup grow to 40 people before disintegrating in the 2008 financial crisis. Conor then moved to Hong Kong to work for one of the world's leading independent investment research firms, focusing on geopolitics, technology, and alternative energy. Conor has since published over 30 papers, presented at conferences around the world, and started a number of companies from beer imports to powdered super food. He is now focused on leveraging distributed technologies for positive environmental, humanitarian, fraud, and exploration related applications.��Dr. Hans Lombardo, Co-founder - Hans is a successful entrepreneur and enthusiastic proponent of blockchain technologies. In 2012, Hans sold his previous company, a boutique research firm focused on Chinese high-technology industries. Hans is an Internet industry veteran with regional management experience at internet.com and Internet World magazine and events. During the Internet boom, Hans provided due diligence support for the internet.com Venture Capital Fund in Asia. As a tech journalist in the late 1990's, he interviewed Jack Ma, Jerry Yang, Vinton Cerf and Richard Li.��Doug Irwin, Co-founder - Doug has extensive full stack experience in design, manufacturing, R&D, and distribution across a broad range of products. Having spent over a decade working with connected devices, Doug has launched products ranging from youth electronics to regulatory environmental sensors for resource conservation. All initiatives focus on novel cross industry applications of small powerful sensors as they grow beyond their smartphone origins.��Adam Vaziri, Co-founder - Adam is a director of Diacle, a firm that provides regulatory consultancy and compliance software for the fintech industry. Adam is also a founder of BitLegal, an online directory and provider of information on regulatory landscape of bitcoin and blockchain technology. Adam is also a qualified solicitor and on the board of the UK Digital Currency Association.

Luke Johnson, Solar Engineer, Partner - Luke is a Solar Engineer with over 19 years’ experience in the Solar Industry and in 6 different countries. Luke holds a Masters of Philosophy in Engineering, Solar Cell Research, from the ANU and a Bachelor of Engineering in Photovoltaics & Solar Energy (hons) from the University of New South Wales. Luke is currently the co-founder and CEO of Sunpulse K.K. and SolcryptoJV in Tokyo and has completed well over 4,500 MWp of design and technical due-diligence on 850+ solar photovoltaic plants in Japan. Luke has been involved in Blockchain tech since late 2013 with Sunpulse and Solcrypto. Luke wrote the white paper that inspired the ElectriCChain back in 2015 with guidance from the SolarCoin Foundation. Now working with SolcryptoJV/CoT with a team of specialists working on the commercialization of solar blockchain-enabled dataloggers for micro-grids.��Antoine Cote, Technical Advisor - Antoine has 20 years of experience in the software industry, with 12 of those working at Microsoft, both in the U.S. and in China. While at Microsoft, he contributed to shipping Visual Studio, .NET Framework, SQL Server, Commerce Platform and Azure. He also worked in 4 different startups in various fields including security, enterprise collaboration, virtualization and IoT. Antoine and his co-founder moved to Hong Kong to start Enuma Technologies, an engineering firm building IoT products and helping other companies realize their ideas. More recently they have been focusing on FinTech, implementing various solutions utilizing blockchain including Ethereum, Ripple, Multichain and Hyperledger.��Lionello Lunesu, Technical Advisor - Lio has over 20 years of experience in software and hardware. In 1997, he founded a VR company that built and sold a number of flight simulators, 15 of which can still be seen at the Smithsonian Air and Space museum in Washington D.C. In 2010, he joined Microsoft where he worked on SQL Server, Windows, and the Commerce platform. At Enuma Technologies, Lio has been leading various projects including the end-to-end design and implementation of IoT devices, FinTech/blockchain solutions, VR/AR and more.

CoT was formed in 2016 by a group of technologists at the nexus of IoT hardware manufacturing and alternative blockchain applications. Our core competencies range from sensors, end to end manufacturing, and communication protocols, to blockchain, open protocol hackathons, blockchain law, global macroeconomics, and design. We launched some of the first Blockchain hackathons in the world and have produced a large number of globally deployed industrial & environmental IoT sensors.

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Liquidstar | © Liquidstar 2018 | www.liquidstar.io | Please do not distribute

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The Broader IoT Problem

Chain of Things has spent the last 3 years researching blockchain + IoT.

Specifically, issues with Security & Interoperability

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Liquidstar | © Liquidstar 2018 | www.liquidstar.io | Please do not distribute

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The Solution: Device Identity from Birth

Identity enables true device ownership and trust:

Human or company ownership of devices
Permissioned device access data/actuation
Devices can hold legal weight
AI accessible data market

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Liquidstar | © Liquidstar 2018 | www.liquidstar.io | Please do not distribute

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Device Identity = The Key to DAUs

DAUs or Decentralized Autonomous Utilities are highly efficient and elegant automated utilities based on blockchain identity hooks of various components.

Identity of humans, companies, objects, and devices creates vast potential with regards to Decentralized Autonomous Utilities (DAUs).

“humans and machines that know each other, work together”

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It all Started with Solar...

In 2016 Chain of Things conducted its first case study focused on the potential blockchain has to support general IoT based solar utilities. Following a hackathon in London, Chain of Things presented the concept at a pre-conference working group at the GSMA Mobile 4 Development event in Dar es Salaam.

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The First Project...

In 2017, Chain of Things partnered with Infinity Blockchain Labs to develop a Decentralized Autonomous Solar Utility Joint Venture.

(Solar-DAU)

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But...we hit a Roadblock with the Solar DAU

There was no current identity platform to connect:

HUMAN + COMPANY + DEVICE = ?

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So we created Blockpass - A Comprehensive ID Solution

Blockpass - Identity for a Connected World

Blockpass is a blockchain based identity application for regulated industries and the IoE/Internet of Everything.

A secure and interoperable conduit between all major identity profiles:

Humans
Companies
Objects
Devices

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Live and Ready to Support New Projects...like Liquidstar

Blockpass is a blockchain based self-sovereign identity protocol for the connected world - the Internet of Everything.

Based in Hong Kong
30+ person team globally
Comprehensive funding
Blockpass app in development for over 1 year
Launched in June
Blockchain agnostic
Initially targeting

Exchanges
ICOs
Blockchain startups
Fintech
Regtech
Insuretech
Traditional industries
Government

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So what now? First Physical Application - Liquidstar

Liquidstar will close the loop on the original solar DAU and employ the new Blockpass identity platform for the first time in a physical real world application.

It will focus this new identity technology on solving one of the world’s biggest problems - access to affordable and clean energy.

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Technical Appendix

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Liquidstar Engine

Luke Johnson

https://github.com/lpninja

Track record:

Project management for LS tech.
Project management for Mysolar ETH/ IPFS datalogger.
Distributed computing sys admin.
Datalogger spec sheet:
https://www.mysolar.co.jp/datalogger/

Tasuku Nakamura

https://github.com/t4sk

Track record:

Consensys certified full stack blockchain dev. Full stack, React, Smart Contract.
Built Mysolar ETH/ IPFS datalogger. (100% uptime)
Built a Zymbit signing platform.

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Microservices stack v4.2.0 WIP

l@liquidstar.io

Software and Hardware Stack Team

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Renting Batteries (new draft 4.2.0)

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Customer

Power Ranger

Service Station

1. Customer pays (rent and deposit) via mobile payment

2. LS receives a notification for a battery rental request

3. LS sends out requests to power rangers

4. LS unlocks batteries at station using LINKA

�5. Power ranger delivers battery to customer and customer confirms delivery�

6. Service fees are paid��7. Micro payments are managed by LS and a blockchain

8 . Revenue can be transferred overseas via Bitspark

Bitspark

Mobile Payment Processor

Twilio

Liquid Star

2

1

3

5

6

8

LINKA

4

Blockchain

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Overview

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The liquid star solution is a mixture of secure IoT hardware element private key binding to batteries and battery charger stations, a smart contract stack, transactional database microservices and a elastic cloud implementations.

A triangular trade off in security, maintainability/practicality and the degree of centralization or (decentralization) exists and we are confident we can build a solution for this use case. We intend to code via a microservice modular approach.

The ultimate goal is to become a hybrid decentralized design as much as the technology permits us to. We are leveraging experience from making full stack IoT data loggers now operational in the field for more than 200 days using the Ethereum (ETH) Ropsten testnet and IPFS. For this next project, some more traditional aspects of the Ethereum (ETH), EOS and smart contract design stacks which are more standardised and battle tested will be used.

The main reason for us to include blockchain (under-the-hood) is to provide easier access to data for the operations team that Liquid Star runs on the back-end. It is the reason why Liquid Star can scale faster. This is one aspect of our secret sauce.

This base layer allows us to sidestep messy data-integrity issues because the data is easily audited via blockchain oracles at automated instances so we can visualize how the payments are flowing in real-time (at least 1-2 minute intervals) via a dedicated ETH or EOS smart contract oracle. We will also batch together smaller transactions and transact on lower tempos elastically as necessary.

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Microservices

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Bitspark payment layer (www.bitspark.io).

Bitspark has a Nigerian Shilling Peg (peg.NGN - Nigeria) and an API endpoint. We will connect to their API to make a microservice from our AWS or similar stack. More info. https://developer.bitspark.io/

Twilio allows software developers to programmatically make and receive phone calls and send and receive text messages using its web service APIs. https://www.twilio.com/

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Appendices 1.1

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Repos: https://gitlab.com/dashboard/projects?nav_source=navbar
Issues: 11 open, 2 closed
Time tracking: Now implemented on all Liquid Start repos.

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Appendices 1.2

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a) Liquid Star /web: using datomic database now

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Battery Design - Elements

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Sun Bucket Batteries

BODY

Shell
Handle Cage

BATTERIES

UM318

CONTROL

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Battery Design - Features 1.1

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Security

Liquidstar Sun Bucket security is handled in 3 key ways. Digital security is handled through a cellular connected control system which can remotely lock or unlock access to the battery’s charging ability and is activated through the completion of a payment smart contract. Physical security is handled through an integrated locking charge port, which allows the battery to be securely locked to the Liquidstar station’s charging beam, making it nearly impossible to steal without destruction of the battery. Additionally, the robust ‘handle cage’ which mounts to the exterior of the extruded shell, can be physically locked to a stationary object to prevent theft when the user is in possession of the battery.

Data

Liquidstar Sun Buckets are NBIOT connected and can securely and privately track a number of battery vitals including location and what devices users charge with the batteries. This can be used for a number of insights such as the discovery and modeling of previously unknown geographic usage patterns to help with strategic expansion of Liquidstar support and station deployment.

Simplicity

Liquidstar Sun Buckets are designed for maximum simplicity and are distilled down to the most basic high functioning utilitarian form factor. By using as few parts as possible - 5 basic elements, batteries are designed to be easy and cheap to manufacture and assemble with high levels of strength and repairability.

Handle Cage
Top Cap
Extruded Shell
UM318 Cartridges
Bottom Cap Control Unit

Durability

Sun Buckets are designed to be simple but incredibly durable. The main body tube is composed of a single piece of extruded aluminum tubing - essentially an extremely rigid rectangular metal pipe. This allows for easy and cheap mass manufacturing of single piece body units that can be extruded in thousands of feet from a common die. Due to the modular UM318 cartridge form factor, XS, S, & M cases can be cut from the same common extrusion but at different lengths to meet different power levels.

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Battery Design - Features 1.2

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Repairability

The simplicity of the design, which includes a handle cage, top cap, extruded shell, UM318 battery cartridges, and a bottom cap control unit (for power access and physical lock/charge port) enables high levels of reparability over the lifetime of the product. Specifically, the modular UM318 cartridges allow for individual 18650 batteries to be swapped out upon cell retirement or for new battery updates as chemistry naturally evolves. This means that the Sun Bucket can last through many generations of cell replacement without need to replace the body itself.

Recyclability

Designed recyclability is one of the best features of the Liquidstar Sun Bucket. With the 18650 batteries as the main point of recycling concern, Liquidstar is pioneering a “Universal Modular 3x 18650” (UM318) battery cartridge that holds 3 18650 cells which is a series alignment that allows for voltage scaling across multiple applications. This ‘video game’ cartridge form factor enables multiple cartridges to be clicked together to fit different cases, enabling a variety of applications. These cases can also be opened to extract and replace expired cells without damaging the broader Sun Bucket unit. Liquidstar will also be working with in country recyclers of 18650 cells, giving these batteries new life in Sun Buckets and enabling a much more circular economy around the Liquidstar model.

Local Assembly

Because of the modular format and potential to use locally sourced recycled batteries and in country extrusion processes for the bodies, it is possible that only the critical control board charging and locking caps will have to be imported. This can significantly reduce logistical resources and import fees while employing local individuals.

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Station Design - Features

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Packability

Liquidstar charge stations, or LS Waypoints, are designed to be flat pack origami foldable ‘clothes racks’ so they can be easily transported and deployed in remote locations. Similar to IKEA style packaging, a single LS Waypoint can be shipped around the world in a very compact form factor to allow for greater unit quantity per container, and then easily delivered and assembled with minimal effort. This design strategy aims to solve many of the issues with traditional battery charging stations that tend to be bulky marshmallow like blocks that are expensive, difficult to transport, and have a poor ability to charge dense configurations of batteries.

Density

LS Waypoints are able to achieve very dense battery charging configurations due to their simple ‘charging beam’ design. Unlike traditional charging stations, in which batteries are charged in slots or cubby holes scattered throughout bulky refrigerator style units, Liquidstar employes a series of rigid beams that Sun Buckets can be placed on in space saving side by side arrangement. The batteries will click onto charge/lock ports that protrude from the top of the beam, while charging cables are hidden inside of the beam. As a massive power strip for Sun Buckets, these beams can be stacked in up to 3-4 layers, easily accommodating 75-100 batteries in a single compact footprint.

Durability
Scalability

Security

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Thank You!

�Please contact us to learn more. �c@liquidstar.io | s@liquidstar.io | a@liquidstar.io�

www.liquidstar.io

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