FLUF TEST RESEARCH STUDIES

STUDIES THAT USED FLUF AS A FRAME FOR EVALUATION OF AI OR PROMPT WRITING OR AI LITERACY

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UPDATED FALL 2025

Testing the FLUF Test�Assessing Student Proficiency with AI

• Pharmacy�Usefulness of FLUF Test in Critiquing AI Output on Drug Information
• Architecture, Sustainability, and Environment�Comparing AI Output on UN SDGs by AI Model using FLUF Test
• Veterinary Medicine – Large Animal Sciences�Applying the FLUF Protocol in Assessing AI Output on Scientific Research
• Teacher Education: Technology & Instructional Design�Impact on AI Literacy and on ISTE Educator Standards Implementation
• K12�FLUF Test to Increase AI Model Confidence and Comfort Levels in Teaching and Learning

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Pharmacy�Usefulness of FLUF Test in Critiquing AI Output on Drug Information

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• PharmD students used the FLUF Test to assess drug information and weighed in on the usefulness of the FLUF Test as a tool
• The students found the FLUF Test extremely useful and comprehensive.
• The students felt that critiquing AI output could be subjective, based on level of expertise. For example, a Pharmacist looks at a dosage through the lens of an expert, whereas a common person might not identify inaccuracies.
• This further supported the FLUF domains, and in particular, why Fanfare (or audience) is an important element within the FLUF test.

Architecture, Sustainability, and Environment�Comparing AI Output by AI Model using FLUF Test

• Master level students used FLUF across multiple AI models (Consensus, ChatGPT 4, Copilot, UF Copilot) to determine which provided the best output relative to UN-Sustainable Development Goals.
• The aim of this inquiry was to utilize AI tools such as Copilot and Chat GPT to investigate the accuracy of AI output regarding the UN Sustainable Development Goals when applied to local challenges at Port St. Joe in the State of Florida.

Veterinary Medicine – Large Animal Sciences�FLUF Protocol in Assessing AI Output on Scientific Research

• Vet Professionals and graduate students participating in the Aquatic Animal Health course
• Assess accuracy of AI responses to key questions based on class discussion and resources using the FLUF Test as a guide
• Participants shared the importance of using the FLUF template for prompting to reduce interactions with the AI model and improve appropriateness of results.
• Study modeled student success in navigating the FLUF Test protocols for prompts and critical evaluation.

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Teacher Education: Technology & Instructional Design�Impact on AI Literacy and Standards Implementation

• Masters in Learning Design and Technology used FLUF to frame their AI Literacy journey and assess the ISTE Educator Standards.
• The study found strong connections between the FLUF Test and the Digital Citizenship standard.
• Participants shared the usefulness of FLUF indicators to guide look fors in AI output, especially for those with limited or novice level AI experience.

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K12�FLUF Test to Increase AI Model Confidence and Comfort Levels in Teaching and Learning

• A cohort of Library Media Specialists utilized FLUF in a co-teaching model around information literacy
• The study addressed the challenges of facilitating AI with staff and students.
• The findings included the benefits of the look fors in the FLUF Test through improved confidence and comfort levels of participants.

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