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Viruses

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Lesson Plan

Part I (90 minutes)

Introduction and prior knowledge

      • Whole class instruction

Background information

      • Lecture, discussion, class notes

Virus Search

      • Independent study

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Part II (45 minutes)

Disease Transmission Simulation

      • Whole class activity

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California Content Standards

  • 10. Organisms have a variety of mechanisms to combat disease. As a basis for understanding the human immune response:
  • �c. Students know how vaccination protects an individual from infectious diseases.��d. Students know there are important differences between bacteria and viruses with respect to their requirements for growth and replication, the body's primary defenses against bacterial and viral infections, and effective treatments of these infections.

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Introduction

  • Imagine something that does not grow, respond, or eat.
  • This is something that is neither living or non-living.
  • Viruses are not in a kingdom.
  • Viruses are not made up of cells.

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What are some examples of viruses?

  • Class list

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How are viruses classified?

They are classified by:

  1. Shape

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  • Nucleic acid they contain (DNA or RNA)

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  • The kind of organism they infect

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What do viruses need?

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  • A virus is a type of parasite—it depends on a host organism for survival and reproduction

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How do viruses behave?

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  1. A virus may be active

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  • A virus can be dormant or latent

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Active Virus

  1. ATTACHMENT: A specific virus attaches to the surface of a specific cell

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  • INVADE: The nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of the virus is injected into the cell.

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  • COPY: The viral nucleic acid takes control of the cell an begins to make new virus particles.

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  • RELEASE: The cell bursts open, hundreds of new virus particles are released from the cell. These virus particles go on to infect other cells.

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How does our body respond to viruses?

Immunobiology, 5th ed. Janeway

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How do scientists study viruses?

From Gakhal, Gan & Oswald, TSRI

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What are vaccines?

  • A vaccine is a substance that stimulates the body’s immune response.
  • The goal of vaccination is to prevent or control an infection.

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Virus Search

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Websearch:

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/disinfo.htm

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  1. Visit the Center for Disease Control (CDC) web address above and choose a virus.

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  • Read about the virus you have chosen.

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  • Write a summary of the virus.

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  • If you like you may search other websites about the virus you have chosen.

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    • The name of your virus
    • Characteristics of the virus
    • Signs and symptoms
    • Carrier(s)
    • Transmission
    • Treatment
    • Occurrence or outbreak information
    • Finally, try to find a picture of your virus and include it with your summary

Virus Search

5. Your 1-page (typed) summary must include:

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Follow-Up Lessons�What are our defenses against infections?

  • Students know the role of the skin in providing nonspecific defenses against infection.

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  • Students know the role of antibodies in the body's response to infection.�
  • Students know the roles of phagocytes, B-lymphocytes, and T-lymphocytes in the immune system.

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  • Students know why an individual with a compromised immune system (for example, a person with AIDS) may be unable to fight off and survive infections by microorganisms that are usually benign

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