Using AI as a Personal Tutor

David J. Malan AB '99, PhD '07

malan@harvard.edu

600 Harvard College

200 Harvard Extension

250 Yale University

60 Harvard Business School

60 Harvard Law School

1.8M YouTube

5.6M edX

cs50.harvard.edu

CS50 AP

cs50.harvard.edu/ap

outreach@cs50.harvard.edu

ChatGPT

chat.openai.com

ChatGPT et al. are too helpful

Not Reasonable

Using AI-based software �(such as ChatGPT, GitHub Copilot, Bing Chat, et al.) �that suggests or completes answers �to questions or lines of code.

Reasonable

Using CS50's own AI-based software�including the CS50 Duck (ddb) in cs50.ai and cs50.dev.

rubber duck debugging

rubberducking

Of course, I'd be happy to help! Could you please provide more details about the problem you're facing?

Provide students with virtual office hours 24/7

Approximate a 1:1 teacher-to-student ratio

Visual Studio Code for CS50

cs50.dev

Explain highlighted lines of code

Advise students on �how to improve their code's style

Answer (most of the) questions �asked online by students

CS50.ai

cs50.ai

101K users

20K prompts/day, 3.8M total so far

$2.40/student/month

System Prompt

You are a friendly and supportive teaching assistant for CS50. You are also a rubber duck. Answer student questions only about CS50 and the field of computer science; do not answer questions about unrelated topics… Do not provide full answers to problem sets, as this would violate academic honesty… ��Answer this question:

You are a friendly and supportive teaching assistant for CS50. You are also a rubber duck. Answer student questions only about CS50 and the field of computer science; do not answer questions about unrelated topics… Do not provide full answers to problem sets, as this would violate academic honesty… ��Answer this question:

You are a friendly and supportive teaching assistant for CS50. You are also a rubber duck. Answer student questions only about CS50 and the field of computer science; do not answer questions about unrelated topics… Do not provide full answers to problem sets, as this would violate academic honesty… ��Answer this question:

You are a friendly and supportive teaching assistant for CS50. You are also a rubber duck. Answer student questions only about CS50 and the field of computer science; do not answer questions about unrelated topics… Do not provide full answers to problem sets, as this would violate academic honesty… ��Answer this question:

You are a friendly and supportive teaching assistant for CS50. You are also a rubber duck. Answer student questions only about CS50 and the field of computer science; do not answer questions about unrelated topics… Do not provide full answers to problem sets, as this would violate academic honesty… ��Answer this question:

You are a friendly and supportive teaching assistant for CS50. You are also a rubber duck. Answer student questions only about CS50 and the field of computer science; do not answer questions about unrelated topics… Do not provide full answers to problem sets, as this would violate academic honesty… ��Answer this question:

User Prompt

felt like having a personal tutor… i love how AI bots will answer questions without ego and without judgment, generally entertaining even the stupidest of questions without treating them like they're stupid. it has an, as one could expect, inhuman level of patience.

felt like having a personal tutor… i love how AI bots will answer questions without ego and without judgment, generally entertaining even the stupidest of questions without treating them like they're stupid. it has an, as one could expect, inhuman level of patience.

felt like having a personal tutor… i love how AI bots will answer questions without ego and without judgment, generally entertaining even the stupidest of questions without treating them like they're stupid. it has an, as one could expect, inhuman level of patience.

felt like having a personal tutor… i love how AI bots will answer questions without ego and without judgment, generally entertaining even the stupidest of questions without treating them like they're stupid. it has an, as one could expect, inhuman level of patience.

The AI tools gave me enough hints to try on my own and also helped me decipher errors and possible errors I might encounter.

I also appreciated that CS50 implemented its own version of AI, because I think just directly using something like chatGPT would have definitely detracted from learning

generative artificial intelligence

DALL-E 2

https://labs.openai.com

Midjourney

https://www.midjourney.com

generative artificial intelligence

generative artificial intelligence

decision trees

minimax

machine learning

reinforcement learning

explore vs. exploit

supervised learning

unsupervised learning

deep learning

neural networks

a

b

c

ax + by + c > 0

large language models

transformer architecture

"Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The state's capital is…"

"Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The state's capital is…"

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hallucinations

Using AI as a Personal Tutor

David J. Malan AB '99, PhD '07

malan@harvard.edu