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LESSON OF BASIC COMPETENCY�VISUAL COMMUNICATION DESIGN

Basic of two and three dimensional design

PART 1

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THE ELEMENT OF �TWO DIMENSIONAL DESIGN

  1. Line
  2. Plane Surface
  3. Shape
  4. Color
  5. Texture

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1. LINE

Line can be explored as follow :

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A. Straight Line

B. Broken Line

C. Curved line

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2. PLANE SURFACE

Plane surface can be explored as follow :

a. Flat surface

b. Prismatic surface

c. Cylindrical surface

d. Pyramidal surface

e. Conical surface

f. Surface of revolution

g. Spherical surface

h. Toroidal surface

i. Hypoid surface

j. Hyperbolic paraboloid surface

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a. Flat surface

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A flat surface is a geometric magnitude produced by the motion of a line.

Triangle

Rectangle

Pentagon

Hexagon

Circle

Oval

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b. Prismatic surface

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Prismatic surface. A prismatic surface is a combination of plane surfaces in which the successive planes change direction. It is produced by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and always touching a fixed broken line.

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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C. Cylindric surface

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Cylindrical surface. A cylindrical surface is generated by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and always touching a fixed curved line.

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Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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d. Pyramidal surface

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Pyramidal surface. A pyramidal surface is a combination of plane surfaces having a common point. It is created by a straight line moving through a fixed point and always touching a fixed broken line.

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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e. Conical surface

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Conical surface. A conical surface is created by a straight line moving through a fixed point, which is always touched a fixed curved line.

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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f. Surface of revolution

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Surface of revolution. A surface of revolution is formed by the motion of a line about a straight line axis. Each point of the moving line generates a circle. The moving line may be straight, curved, or combination of the two.

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Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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g. Spherical surface

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Spherical surface. The spherical surface is a surface of revolution. It is formed by the rotating motion of a circle about one of its diameters.

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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h. Toroidal surface

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Toroidal surface. A toroidal surface is a surface of revolution created by the rotating motion of a curve about a straight line lying outside the curve. If the curve is a circle, the surface is called an annular torus.

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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i. Hypoid surface

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Hypoid surface. A hypoid surface is a surface of revolution formed by the motion of one straight line about a second straight line as the axis. (The two straight line are non-parallel and non-intersecting. They are called skew lines.)

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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j. Hyperbolic parabolic surface

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Hyperbolic parabolic surface. A hyperbolic parabolic is a surface generated by a moving that always touches two skew lines and is always parallel to a fixed plane.

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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3. SHAPE

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a. Prismatic shape are as follow :

BASIC TYPE OF SHAPE

Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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b. Pyramidal shapes are:

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Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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c. Cylindric shape are:

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Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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d. Conical shape are:

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Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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4. COLOR

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Pigment colors consist of :

  • Primary colors and secondary colors.

- The others are combination mix of them.

  • Primary colors consist of :

Yellow, Red and Blue

  • Secondary colors consist of :

Green, Orange and Purple

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������� Primary colors, Secondary colors , Tertiary colors. ������ Monochromatic colors

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Pujiyanto,Teknik Grafis Komunikasi Jilid 1,Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008.

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5. TEXTURE

Texture is kind of smooth or rough surface which can be touched or seen.

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Texture consists of :

  1. Natural texture (nature surface)
  2. Mechanical texture (made by tool)
  3. Computer texture (made by computer)

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�a. Natural texture (nature surface)�

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�b. Mechanical texture (made by tool)�

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�c. Computer texture �(made by computer)�

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TOOL AND MATERIAL FOR TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONAL DESIGN

  • Pencils
  • Brushes
  • Watercolor box
  • Cutter
  • Pencils sharpener
  • Drawing paper
  • Indian ink
  • Scissors
  • Glue

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�Pencils, �

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Brushes,

Watercolor box

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Cutter,

Pencils sharpener,

Indian ink

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THE PRINCIPLES OF �TWO DIMENSIONAL DESIGN

a. Harmony

b. Proportion

c. Rhythm

d. Balance

e. Emphasis

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a. Harmony

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Harmony can be presented with repetition of the same form

Pujiyanto,Teknik Grafis Komunikasi Jilid 1,Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008.

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b. Proportion

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Proportion is measurement among elements to reach proportionally

Pujiyanto,Teknik Grafis Komunikasi Jilid 1,Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008.

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c. Rhythm

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Rhythm is movement of each element in a unity form

Pujiyanto,Teknik Grafis Komunikasi Jilid 1,Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008

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d. Balance

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Balance is equality among the elements

Pujiyanto,Teknik Grafis Komunikasi Jilid 1,

Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008

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e. Emphasis

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Emphasis is pressing on the element, to get an eye catcher

Pujiyanto,Teknik Grafis Komunikasi Jilid 1,Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008

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THE PRINCIPLES OF �THREE DIMENSIONAL DESIGN

What are the basic shape ?

How can they best be described for the profitable use of the designer ?

How can they be combined and modified to serve the purposes of the designer ?

  1. An awareness of, and knowledge concerning the properties of various types of material.
  2. The availability of tool for manufacture.
  3. The availability of skilled craftsmen.

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Louis Wolchonok, The art of three dimension design, Dover Pub. Inc.

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Sample shape of three dimensional form

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Geometrical shape

Free shape

Drs. Untung Murdiyanto, M.Sn.

Drs. Untung Murdiyanto, M.Sn, Seni Patung, Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008

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Sample shape of three dimensional form

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Drs. Untung Murdiyanto, M.Sn.

Drs. Untung Murdiyanto, M.Sn, Seni Patung, Depdiknas, Jakarta, 2008

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TASK FOR EXERCISES

  1. Two dimensional design :
  2. Line character composition
  3. Geometrical plane composition
  4. Natural plane composition

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b. Three dimensional design :

  1. Geometrical shape composition
  2. Natural shape composition

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