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An information architecture supported by ontologies to provide reporting of incidents related to public safety

Javan de Oliveira Cruz

Paulo César Prandel

Márcio de Carvalho Victorino

Edison Ishikawa

27th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium

October 25, 2022

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SUMMARY

  • Introduction

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      • Related Works

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  • Methodology

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  • Results

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  • Conclusion and Future Work

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  •  Military Forces and "large-scale events" in Brazil;

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  • Rio +20 (2012), Confederations Cup (2013), World Cup (2014), Olympics (2016), America's Cup (2021);

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  • Law and order enforcement operation;

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  • A system to obtain and distribute digital information using human observers –  field agents;

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  • Structure, organize and integrate information improves military operations governance.

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INTRODUCTION

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  • Pacificador (Peacekeeper) – decision support system used by the Brazilian Army to handle incidents, synchronize actions and obtain situational awareness;

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  • Event reporting tool by field agents - unplanned events that may compromise the safety of the operation;

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  • Reported events are delivered as free text, in natural language, making it difficult to extract knowledge;

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  • Structured reports, with semantically represented information, is of great value for information retrieval.

INTRODUCTION

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  • Objective: 

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- Provide an Information Architecture focused on data collection, assisted by ontologies, as well as to provide availability of information, based on the observation of occurrences in the field.

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  • Contributions:

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- An assisted model to enable the recording of events data by field observers;

- Provision of structured reports to support the analysis of the information obtained.

INTRODUCTION

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RELATED WORKS

1

Title

An Ontology-based Adaptive Reporting Tool

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Authors

Mårtenson, Horndahl e Kabir (2011)

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Objective

Conceptual description of a structured reporting tool based on an adaptive ontology-driven user interface.

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3

Title

Toward a document-centered ontological theory for information architecture in corporations

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Authors

Almeida, Felipe e Barcelos (2020)

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Objective

A document-centered theory for the construction of Information Architecture.

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Title

Architecture for Publication of Governmental Connected Open Data at the University of Brasília​

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Authors

Victorino et al. (2020)

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Objective

Information Architecture, based on information and knowledge organization systems.

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  • Domain specific ontology – military vocabulary​

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  • Superior onthologies

Ontologies with general coverage of concepts needed

 for a wide range of tasks​

�Optimal coverage was not obtained for the specific domain of the work 

Ontology under development for use in Brazilian Army (OntoEB)​

�

METHODOLOGY

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METHODOLOGY

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  • Software application

- Python

- Flask Framework – web applications

- RDFLib – data processing and indexing using ontologies 

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  • Initial structure for an observed event, from the following elements:​�- “Type” / “Actor” / “Place”​

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    • Three main semantic triples:

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    • Architecture does not restrict the use of a specific ontology, being possible the use of any ontology that has the terms and concepts of the specified domain.

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METHODOLOGY

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METHODOLOGY

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  • Initial class – queries of ontology classes (class labels and comments)​

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  • Refinement – ​​queries of subclasses of the selected initial class​

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  • Instantiated class properties – queries of class data properties (from the existing relationship between classes and properties)​

SELECT DISTINCT ?class ?label ?comment ?result

WHERE {�?class a owl:Class.�{?class rdfs:label ?label. �FILTER(� regex(?label,�"""�+ "\"" + keyword + "\""�+�""" �, "i")�)}�UNION�{?class rdfs:comment ?comment. �FILTER(� regex(?comment,�"""�+ "\"" + keyword + "\""�+�""" �, "i")�)} �?class rdfs:label ?result�}

SPARQL query – initial class

SPARQL queries​

METHODOLOGY

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Event registration

RESULTS

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RESULTS

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Responsiveness

RESULTS

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CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

  • Viable prototype

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  • Evaluate the execution of tasks by users​

    - System Usability Scale (SUS) – method focused on effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction​

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  • Information retrieval assessment​

    - Comparison between the proposed Information Architecture and the Pacificador System​

    - Applying metrics such as Accuracy and Coverage​

    - Metrics allow you to assess the system's ability to retrieve relevant information across records​    

    - Need to prepare a common database for the systems​

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THANK YOU!