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DNA Metabolism in Plants

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  • DNA Replication
  • DNA Repair
  • Recombination

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EUKARYOTIC DNA REPLICATION

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  • Origin of replication
  • ARS Sites
  • Helicase
  • Topoisomerase
  • DNA polymerase α delta epsilon
  • Leading strand
  • Lagging strand – Okazaki Fragments
  • Telomerase
  • The energetics of DNA Replication

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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

  • Transcription
  • Translation

TRANSCRIPTION

  • Nucleus
  • Template strand
  • Promoter
  • Enhancer
  • Silencers
  • Mediators
  • RNA Polymerase I, II, III
  • Molecular mechanism of

RNA Modification:-

- Capping

- Tailing

- Splicing.

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TRANSLATION

  • Cytoplasm
  • Ribosomes – P site & A site
  • AUG Start codon
  • Translators of genetic code – t-RNA
  • Translocation
  • Termination codon
  • Release factors

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Alternative splicing in plants

  • Regulates gene expression to over come stress in plants.
  • Multiple protein isoforms are produced.
  • RNA Editing in Plants.
  • Post-Transcriptional RNA processing
  • Chloroplast, Mitochondria
  • Restoration of Codons phylogenetically conserved amino acid
  • Jumping genes, Hopping genes, Barbara McClintock “Mobile controlling elements” Nobel prize 1983 Transposons – Maize plant – Kernel colour – Ac/Ds Transposons.

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Plant Genome – Arabidopsis thaliana

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