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CHEM 650

Camille Andrews * Fall 2025

As you come in, open your laptop and go to

https://guides.libraries.wm.edu/chem650 and click on the presentation link. Answer the pre-class survey if you haven’t already

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Please fill out this

anonymous pre-class survey!

Your feedback helps me plan the session!

https://go.wm.edu/3Vb74f

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Who am I?

Sciences

(Physics; Geology; Environment & Sustainability; Conservation; Chemistry; Math; Data, Applied & Comp Sciences) & �Social Sciences (Gov’t, IR, Public Policy)

Making and new technologies

Africana studies

Poster design; 3D printing, video, AR/VR, etc

Afro- futurism; SFF

TEK; IK

Camille Andrews (she/her)

Instruction and Research Librarian

ceandrews01@wm.edu - 757-221-3655

Make an appointment

Graduated W&M in ‘96; major: Francophone African & Caribbean lit; certificate in publishing

Master’s in LIS; in PhD program in Education; 17 yrs in science & soc sci library at Cornell

Open science

AI

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The Info Scientist

Name: Camille Andrews

Occupation: Instruction and Research Librarian

Home Base: W&M Libraries, libraries.wm.edu

Mission: Helping everyone experiment with and invent ways to find and create knowledge and new/alternative futures-thoughtfully, ethically, and inclusively

Special Powers: Finding credible and peer-reviewed information; promoting open science and working to decolonize knowledge

Archnemesis: Misinformation and disinformation

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Grad Sci Guide

Take a look at our Orientation for Science Graduate Students guide and do our top 5 things to do as a new science graduate student!

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orcid.wm.edu

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ACTIVITIES

INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY: On your own, take a few minutes, pick a questions slide and put your name on it, and answer the following questions for your project:

What questions do you need to research for your project?
What keywords and kinds of information might be useful?
What resources have you searched already and what have you found?
Looking at the Databases or Chemistry guide (or any other relevant research guides) sections of the library website, which other resources look like they might be promising resources?
What’s your next step in your research plan?

GROUP ACTIVITY:

Take a minute or two each to describe your research so far and see if your groupmates have any suggestions. Try some searches in at least one of the resources you selected and see how many and what kind of results you get. What options are there to refine your search to more relevant results? See if you can find at least one relevant reference - bonus points if it’s a recent review article) and add information to the your slides

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Sam

What questions do you need to research for your project?

What new tools are being developed for cyanobacteria?
Trends in cyanobacteria research

What keywords and kinds of information might be useful?

Cyanobacteria, toolbox, vector, heterologous expression

What resources have you searched already and what have you found?

Google Scholar :(
Some new articles about tool development
But mostly review articles

Looking at the Databases or Chemistry guide (or any other relevant research guides) sections of the library website, which other resources look like they might be promising resources? Scopus, Sciencedirect, Scifinder
Try some searches in at least one of the resources you selected. See how many and what kind of results you get. What options are there to refine your search to more relevant results? See if you can find at least one relevant reference - bonus points if it’s a recent review article Found the first review article that my PI sent me to kick off the project!
What’s your next step in your research plan? Filter for articles, narrow down keywords

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Caroline

What questions do you need to research for your project?

How can you attach and detach compounds from resin beads for a solid-supported reaction?
What does the available literature say about trivalent alkynes?
What kind of assays should be used to test antibiotic efficacy?

What keywords and kinds of information might be useful?

What the lab currently uses and what specific improvements we are trying to make
Solid-supported resin, trivalent/divalent compounds, general alkyne attachment reactions

What resources have you searched already and what have you found?
Looking at the Databases or Chemistry guide (or any other relevant research guides) sections of the library website, which other resources look like they might be promising resources?
Try some searches in at least one of the resources you selected. See how many and what kind of results you get. What options are there to refine your search to more relevant results? See if you can find at least one relevant reference - bonus points if it’s a recent review article
What’s your next step in your research plan?

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Questions - Breanna

What questions do you need to research for your project?

What are the main environmental applications of GCxGC-MS being used?
What compounds/volatiles are normally found with honey bees/hive material?
How does AFB affect honey bee hive material?

What keywords and kinds of information might be useful?

VOC, volatiles, GCxGC, GC-MS, AFB, separations, P. larvae

What resources have you searched already and what have you found?

Sci-Finder, Science Direct
I’ve found one article where volatiles were studied for bees with AFB
I have found some articles using GCxGC for environmental purposes, but not all detail why GCxGC is the best analysis option

Looking at the Databases or Chemistry guide (or any other relevant research guides) sections of the library website, which other resources look like they might be promising resources?

Reaxys, scite, environmental science index

Try some searches in at least one of the resources you selected. See how many and what kind of results you get. What options are there to refine your search to more relevant results? See if you can find at least one relevant reference - bonus points if it’s a recent review article

3 very relevant research articles on this topic

What’s your next step in your research plan?

Research method development for AFB samples

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Questions - Greta

What questions do you need to research for your project?

What keywords and kinds of information might be useful?

New methodologies for sample prep and analysis to increase signals

What resources have you searched already and what have you found?

Google scholar, PRIMO library search

Looking at the Databases or Chemistry guide (or any other relevant research guides) sections of the library website, which other resources look like they might be promising resources?

Sci-Finder, Scite,

Try some searches in at least one of the resources you selected. See how many and what kind of results you get. What options are there to refine your search to more relevant results? See if you can find at least one relevant reference - bonus points if it’s a recent review article

What’s your next step in your research plan?

Setting up literature alerts, building Zotero library of references

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Can AI just do my research or literature review and writing for me?

Spoiler alert: No

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Should I use AI to help with my research or literature review and writing?

Spoiler alert: It depends. Step 1: What does you syllabus say?

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5 Key Things to Know

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�LLMs like ChatGPT etc

LibrAIry

Not all AI is Generative AI (GenAI)!

AI covers a lot of different subfields of computer science - natural language processing, machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, computer vision, etc.

Most of the recent hype has been about generative AI like ChatGPT and other chatbots or "large language models" (LLMs) . LLMs often fall into the natural language processing arena and the reason they have taken off lately is because they have finally gotten pretty good at sounding and acting a bit more like humans (but important to remember they’re not nor are they magic)

Artificial intelligence or AI is a catch all term for computers doing things that usually require human intelligence and covers a lot of different subfields of computer and data science. We have already had lots of kinds of narrow or specific AI around for a long time - tools for things like searching through lots of data more efficiently or making recommendations or responding to questions- in a lot of things we use every day (like Siri or Alexa). Some of the tools we'll be talking about will fall into those other categories.

�

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Gen AI Makes Things Up By Design

�Understanding the Ingredients in ChatGPT is Simpler Than You Think

All GenAI "hallucinates" or make things up to some extent and even those who make them don’t entirely understand why they do the things they do sometimes!

NY Times and NY Times

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(Carroll & Borycz, 2024)

From Using AI to Assist with Literature Reviews by Mary Oberlies

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From Using AI to Assist with Literature Reviews by Mary Oberlies

Evaluating AI Outputs Using Lateral Reading Strategies

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Not all GenAI tools use the same data or techniques!

See more info at https://www.wm.edu/sites/ai/ and https://guides.libraries.wm.edu/GenerativeAI/home and https://guides.libraries.wm.edu/aiforresearch

LLMs like ChatGPT etc

General generative AI tools

like ChatGPT (trained on the Internet+?)

Other tools include Google’s Gemini, Microsoft’s CoPilot, Anthropic’s Claude, Perplexity AI, Meta’s LLaMa, and more

NOTE: W&M provides enterprise-level access (w/higher user limits and better data privacy) to these AI tools via IT (general Gen AI tools: ChatGPT Edu for CDSP; Gemini through Google Workspace; Copilot Chat and via W&M’s Microsoft 365;) and the library (research-based AI tools: Scite and Scite Assistant). And If you are referred by an existing W&M user and sign up with your W&M email you will get 1 month free of Perplexity Pro (general GenAI tool)

Research-based GenAI tools (using research literature) include Scite Assistant, Elicit, Consensus, SciSpace, and apps like Scholar AI, Scholar GPT, Research Papers, and more

GenAI tools based on data you give it like

Google’s NotebookLM, and more

How many of you have used any of the applications on the side of the screen? Don't worry if you haven't –at the end of this session we're going to give you a chance to play with ChatGPT

Artificial intelligence or AI is a catch all term for computers doing things that usually require human intelligence and covers a lot of different subfields of computer and data science. We have already had lots of kinds of narrow or specific AI around for a long time - tools for things like searching through lots of data more efficiently or making recommendations or responding to questions- in a lot of things we use every day (like Siri or Alexa). Some of the tools we'll be talking about will fall into those other categories. Most of the recent hype has been about generative AI like ChatGPT and other chatbots or "large language models" (LLMs) . LLMs often fall into the natural language processing arena and the reason they have taken off lately is because they have finally gotten pretty good at sounding and acting a bit more like humans (but important to remember they’re not nor are they magic)

�

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Prompting GenAI�How you talk to AI matters! Learn more about prompt engineering. Be CLEAR (concise, logical, explicit, adaptive, reflective)

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AI at W&M

https://www.wm.edu/sites/ai/

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W&M-supported GenAI tools (better models, usage limits, data privacy)

Link

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AI for brainstorming, pre-searching, summarizing: General GenAI Tools

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From Using AI to Assist with Literature Reviews by Mary Oberlies

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AI for literature searching: Tools based on research literature

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Scite

Free registration w/W&M email

Uses deep & machine learning. Search by citation statements & filter by supporting, contrasting & mentioning citations

Other discovery tools include Elicit, Consensus, Insightful, Keenious, Semantic Scholar, LitMaps, SciSpace, and GPTs like Scholar AI, Scholar GPT, Research Papers, and more

Includes custom dashboards for analyzing groups of papers & other features

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Scite �Assistant

Like ChatGPT but based on the literature. Provides references used to build answers and offers more customization for specifying documents to base answers on

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Reaxys AI Search

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Reaxys AI Search

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Other AI discovery tools

https://academicinsightlab.org/blog/how-to-write-ai-powered-literature-reviews

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Consensus Deep Search

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Research Rabbit

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AI for writing and editing

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Grammarly and Zotero (not AI)

You do the writing but tools like Grammarly can help polish and regular citation managers like Zotero can help you cite. Be transparent, cite, and declare your usage!

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Nature

No one right tool! Use more than one tool for different purposes

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Ilya Shabanov, The Effortless Academic

Experiment with finding a workflow that works for you!

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GenAI Tools for Literature Reviews

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AI should act as a research assistant, not the researcher

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Try Scite and fill out page 3 of the research worksheet. If you have time, try one of the other research or writing tools mentioned, available in this presentation or on the AI Tools for Research guide: https://guides.libraries.wm.edu/aiforresearch). What do you notice? Talk to your neighbor about what you find.

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ACTIVITY

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Dos

Have clear objectives and end goals
Test different AI models
Use different tools for different uses
Experiment with different prompts
Rerun results for different iterations
Approach results with skepticism
Be aware of the limits of models and data
Check adviser/PI, funder or research

requirements regarding AI usage

Be aware of bias, ethical and copyright concerns
Do check your sources
Ensure results are reproducible

Don’ts

Completely trust in results - GenAI is inherently flawed
Use for entire process - Allow for human intervention
Fail to document things - Keep a

paper trail

Ignore ethical issues
Neglect copyright considerations
Forget to validate results
Forget about paywalls in AI tools usage
Allow AI tools to draw conclusions

for you

AI-lluminati Research Society

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Diversity in STEMM featured collection

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AI Community of Practice

Swem Library, Kyle Classroom or Zoom

Registration/RSVP

Every other Monday we’ll get together to explore the world of generative AI. We’ll read and chat about articles, share ideas, and try out some of the tools. No experience needed. Join us in person or on Zoom!

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Please fill out this

anonymous 5 min post-class survey!

Your feedback helps us improve!

https://go.wm.edu/GLPVjB