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Gender diversity �in �Human Beings

Understanding

Biological Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation

Presented By

SHIJU JOHN CHOLLAMPEL

Founder Director & Social Worker

Eyemates Foundation for Research and Development

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Introduction - A Statistics

NB:- Data Copied From https://keralapolice.gov.in/crime-statistics/crime-against-woman

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Introduction

Sex and Gender typology refers to the classification of individuals based on biological, gender, and sexual characteristics.

Purpose: To understand the different aspects of sex and gender in human beings.

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Understanding Sex and Gender

Definition of Sex & Gender

Gender Identity and Expression.�
Biological, Social, and Cultural aspects of Gender.

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Definition of Sex

Refers to the biological features that define humans as male, female, or intersex.

This includes physical aspects like chromosomes, hormone levels, and reproductive/sexual anatomy.

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Biological Sex

Male: XY chromosomes, testes, testosterone

Female: XX chromosomes, ovaries, estrogen

Intersex: Variations in sex characteristics

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Definition of Gender

Refers to the roles, behaviors, activities, and expectations that a society considers appropriate for men, women, and other gender identities.

Unlike sex, which is biological, gender is a social and cultural construct.

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Biological, Social, and �Cultural Aspects of Gender

Biological Aspect

Refers to the physical characteristics like reproductive organs, chromosomes, and hormones. These are typically assigned at birth and categorized as male or female.

Social

Aspect

This includes the expectations and norms that society places on individuals based on their gender. It encompasses the roles and behaviors that are culturally accepted as appropriate for men and women.

Cultural

Aspect

Different cultures have different expectations and norms regarding gender. For instance, some cultures recognize more than two genders, while others have rigid gender roles. Cultural expectations can influence everything from career choices to behaviour and personal relationships.

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Gender Identity and Expression

Gender Identity:

It is how individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves.

It can be male, female, a blend of both, or neither, and it may not necessarily align with the sex assigned at birth.

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Gender Identity

Cisgender: Gender identity matches biological sex

Transgender: Gender identity differs from biological sex

Non-binary: Do not exclusively identify as male or female

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Gender Identity and Expression

Gender Expression

It refers to the external presentation of one's gender, usually expressed through behavior, clothing, haircut, voice, and other forms of presentation.

It can vary from masculine, feminine, to androgynous, and it may or may not align with an individual’s gender identity.

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Sexual Orientation

Heterosexual: Attraction to opposite sex

Homosexual: Attraction to same sex

Bisexual: Attraction to both sexes

Asexual: Little or no sexual attraction

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Biological Sex vs. �Gender Identity

Biological sex refers to physical traits (chromosomes, hormones).
Gender identity is how an individual personally identifies, which may or may not align with biological sex.

Examples:

Cisgender male: Biological male identifying as male.
Transgender woman: Biological male identifying as female.

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Non-Binary and �Gender Fluid Identities

Non-Binary: Not exclusively male or female; can exist outside the traditional gender binary.

Gender Fluid: A person whose gender identity may change over time or depending on the situation.

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Supporting LGBTQ+

Safe Space: Create a better environment where LGBTQ+ people feel safe and supported.

Inclusive Policies: Advocate for policies that protect LGBTQ+ from discrimination and bullying.

Education and Awareness: Educate public LGBTQ+ issues and identities.

Support Services: Be aware of and refer to support services, such as counseling, if needed.

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Conclusion

Summary: Sex typology in humans include biological sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation.

Key Takeaway: The diversity in human sex and gender is natural and promotes inclusivity.